八年级英语第12讲 8AU7-8 2023年安徽中考英语中考综合复习-教案（表格式）
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| 名称 | 八年级英语第12讲 8AU7-8 2023年安徽中考英语中考综合复习-教案（表格式） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-19 09:56:23 | ||
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课程主题： 8AU7-8 2023年安徽中考高频考点及易错点
学习目标 1、8AU7-8的重点词汇及词组复习； 2、8AU7-8的重点句型及语法复习；3、对阅读理解进行综合运用。
教学内容
【进门测试】一、单项选择1.There are almost no trees there. Animals find __________to hide. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. nowhere D. enough space 2. The fish smells bad._________, please. A. Take it away B. Take away it C. Bring it away D. Bring away it3. If it_________ fine tomorrow, we go to the park. A. is; is B. is; will be C. is; will D. will be; be4. ---Look,_____ dirty the water is! ---Yes, we should really take some actions to deal with it. A. what a B. what C. how D. how a5. The tigers are _________little animals. A. good at catch B. good at catching C. good for catch D. good for catching6. If you don’t buy them, _________will buy them. A. someone else B. else someone C. anyone else D. else anyone7. Bob nearly two hours doing his homework yesterday evening. A. cost B. took C. paid D. spent8. If we keep the land, the farmers will have to live. A. took; anywhere B. take; no place C. taking; nowhere D. taking; somewhereKeys: 1-5 CACCB 6-8 ADC【多元导学】 一、What are the four seasons ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________二、How many months are there in each season Spring: ___________________Summer: ___________________Autumn: ___________________Winter: ___________________三、 【互动精讲】U7重点词汇、句型和语法重点词汇和句型【知识梳理1】Bring me my clothes, Hobo.把我的衣服带来，霍波。bring和take的区别如下：①bring ；②take 。批注：①bring带来（表示从远处拿到说话的地点来），常与here，me搭配； ②take带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与there，away搭配。【例题精讲】例1. Please bring my hat to me tomorrow.明天请把我的帽子带给我。例2. Take your raincoat with you. It's going to rain.把你的雨衣带着。天要下雨。【巩固练习】用take或bring填空Will you please_______ me my dictionary I need to use it.Key: bring 【知识梳理2】I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！ 1. feel在此用作 ，意为“ ”。[知识拓展] feel也可以用作动词，意为“感觉，觉得；认为，以为；触摸”。批注： feel在此用作连系动词，意为“感到，觉得”。【例题精讲】例. I felt it and it was very hot.我摸了它，它很热。【巩固练习】( )Cotton(棉花) _______soft. A. feels B. listens C. makes D. uses Key: A2. with的意思是_______，其反义词为 。批注：with意为“具有，带着”，表示伴随着某种状态，其反义词为without。【例题精讲】例. Fish sleep with eyes open.鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。【巩固练习】填入适当的介词Recite(背诵) the text_______ your book closed.Key: with 【知识梳理3】It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。It is the best time to do sth.的意思为_______。It is time to do sth.的意思为“ ”批注： It is time to do sth.的意思为“该做某事的时候了”。It's the best time to do sth.意为“这是做某事的最好时候”。【例题精讲】例. It’s the best time to fly kites.这是放风筝的最好时候。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子该是学校出游的最好时间了。 It's______________ go on a school trip.Key: the best time to 【知识梳理4】be full of充满，装满be full of的同义短语是 。批注：be full of的同义短语是be filled with。【例题精讲】例. The house is full of people. = The house is filled with people.【巩固练习】同义句转换The box is full of balls.The box_______ _______ _______balls.Key: is filled with【知识梳理5】far away远离far away用作 ，away可以省去，因此，far away＝ ; far away from＝ 。2. far (away)后不接 ；far (away) from后一定要接 。3. far from除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“ ”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。批注：1. far away用作表语或状语，away可以省去，因此，far away＝far; far away from＝far from。2. far (away)后不接宾语；far (away) from后一定要接宾语3. far from除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“远远不，完全不，绝非”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。【例题精讲】例1. My home is far/far away.我家离得远。例2. His factory is far (away) from our school.他的工厂远离我们学校。例3. They do not live far away.他们住得并不远。例4. Far from reading his letter，she didn't open it。别说看他的信了，她连信都没打开。例5. He is far from (being) rich.他一点也不富有。【巩固练习】( )My home is_______ the company. A. far away B. far away from C. from far away D. farKey: B【知识梳理6】The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly. 树叶变绿，温度很快上升。1.leaves的原形有两种：一是动词 (离开)，leaves为第三人称单数形式；二是 (叶子)， 为复数形式。批注：leaves的原形有两种：一是动词leave(离开)，leaves为第三人称单数形式；二是leaf(叶子)，leaves为复数形式。【例题精讲】例1. He often leaves school at 5 in the afternoon.他经常在下午五点离开学校。例2. The leaves of the tree began to turn yellow.这棵树上的叶子开始变黄。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子地上有几片落叶。There are_______________ on the ground.Key: several fallen leaves2. turn在此用作连系动词，意为“变得”。[知识拓展](1) turn也可作行为动词，意为“ ”。常用短语： 打开，发动； 关掉； 调高； 调低； 掉过头，转过身； 变成。(2) become多指 。[提醒] 将来“成为”不用become而用be。(3) get多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调的是“渐渐变得”，后常接形容词的比较级形式。(4) turn指在 。批注：(1) turn也可作行为动词，意为“转动，使旋转；转弯；翻过来；转向；转变；转动”。常用短语：turn on打开，发动；turn off关掉；turn up调高；turn down调低；turn around掉过头，转过身；turn into变成。(2) become多指身份、职位等的变化，它强调变化的过程已经完成。后面可接名词或形容词。(4) turn指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。【例题精讲】例1. You can’t cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. 直到交通灯变绿你才可过马路。例2. He becomes a teacher. 他成为了一名老师。例3. Her mother became angry when she heard the news. 当她的妈妈听到这个消息时，她很生气。例4. She will be a teacher. 她将成为一名老师。例5. In winter the days get shorter. 冬季白天变得较短。例6. The milk has turned bad. 牛奶变质了。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子1.我们的校园变得越来越美。Our school______________ more and more beautiful.2.后来，他的脸涨得通红。Later, his face_____________________.Keys: 1. is getting 2. turned red 3.rise与raise有何区别？(1) rise是 ，表示“ ”，其过去式、过去分词分别为 。(2) raise是 ，表示“ ”，其过去式，过去分词分别为 。raise还有“饲养，供养”的意思。批注：(1) rise是不及物动词，表示“升起”，其过去式、过去分词分别为rose，risen。(2) raise是及物动词，表示“举起”，其过去式，过去分词分别为raised，raised。【例题精讲】例1. The sun is rising.太阳在升起。例2. Please raise your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你有问题要问请举手。例3. He has to work hard to raise his family.他不得不努力工作来养家糊口。【巩固练习】( )The house price is_______ these days.raised B. raising C. rising D. risenKey: C【知识梳理7】Farmers are busy harvesting crops.农民们正忙于收割庄稼。be busy doing sth.的意思是_______。 批注: be busy doing sth. /with sth.的意思为“忙于做某事”。【例题精讲】例. He is busy doing his homework.＝ He is busy with his homework.他正忙于做作业。【巩固练习】同义句转换The doctor is busy saving the patient.The doctor_______ _______ _______the patient.Key: is busy with 【知识梳理8】New Year’s Day元旦New Year’s Day意为“元旦”。 常见的节日有：the Spring Festival春节 国庆节（10月1日）New Year’s Day元旦（1月1日） April Fools’ Day （4月1日） 万圣节（10月31日） 圣诞节（12月25日）May Day劳动节（5月1日） Children’s Day （6月1日） 教师节（9月10日） 父亲节（每年6月的第3个星期日） 母亲节（每年5月的第2个星期日）批注：the Spring Festival春节 National Day国庆节（10月1日）New Year's Day元旦（1月1日） April Fools' Day愚人节（4月1日）Halloween万圣节（10月31日） Christmas Day圣诞节（12月25日）May Day劳动节（5月1日） Children's Day儿童节（6月1日）Teachers' Day教师节（9月10日）Father's Day父亲节（每年6月的第3个星期日）Mother's Day母亲节（每年5月的第2个星期日）【例题精讲】例. Happy New Year’s Day.元旦快乐。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子在元旦那天你干什么？ What do you do______________ Key: on New Year’s Day【知识梳理9】I had a high fever and coughed a lot…我发高烧，咳嗽得厉害……have a high fever意为“ ”。catch(a)fever＝ = have a fever可与一段时间连用，而catch (a) fever和have got a fever则不能。批注：have a high fever意为“发高烧”。 catch(a)fever=have a fever=have got a fever【例题精讲】例. --What was wrong with her last night --She had a high fever last night.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我发高烧三小时了。 I______________ for three hours.Key: had a fever【知识梳理10】简单句的五种句子结构简单句的五种基本句型英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：
1. S十V主谓结构 主语 ＋ 谓语2. S十V十P主系表结构 主语 ＋ 连系动词 ＋表语3. S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 ＋ 谓语 ＋宾语4. S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5. S十V十DO十OC 主谓宾补结构 主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语【例题精讲】例1. He runs fast in the street. （S十V主谓结构）例2. Your watch looks very nice. （S十V十P主系表结构）例3. She often helps him. （S十V十O主谓宾结构） 例4. Our teacher told us a story. （S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构）例5. Sandy calls her parrot Chatty. （S十V十DO十OC 主谓宾补结构）【巩固练习】指出下列简单句的五种基本类型①S+V ②S+V+O ③S+V+P ④S十V十IO十DO ⑤S十V十DO十OC1. He works hard. _____________2. They like Chinese. _____________3. The food tastes nice. _____________4. He gave me two books. _____________5. The story makes me sad. _____________6. I often hear him sing. ______________Keys: ①;②;③;④;⑤;⑤【知识梳理11】Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week.阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。 the rest of意为“ ”，该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由 所决定。批注：the rest of意为“剩余的……”该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由of后面的名词所决定。【例题精讲】例. The rest of the books are about English.【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空The rest of the milk_______ (be) bad.Key: is【知识梳理12】There will be a few showers today, but it will be warm, with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees.今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在18到19摄氏度。there be结构的将来时为_______。批注：there be结构的将来时为there is/are going to be或there will be。【提醒】 不能写成there is/are going to have和there will have的形式。【例题精讲】例1. There is going to be a meeting tonight.例2. There will be a football match next week.【巩固练习】( )There is going to_______ an English party this week.A. have B．is C．are D．beKey: D 【知识梳理13】How’s the weather in Nanjing 南京的天气怎样？How is the weather in Nanjing 其同义句是 批注：How is the weather in Nanjing 其同义句是What's the weather like in Nanjing 【例题精讲】例. How is the weather today =What’s the weather like today 【巩固练习】同义句转换What’s the weather like in your hometown _______ _______ the weather in your hometown Key: How is【知识梳理14】We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses.我们也堆雪人，用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子。use…for…的意思为“ ”，另一种表达方式是 。批注： use…for…的意思为“用……做……”，另一种表达方式是use…to do sth。【例题精讲】例. I use paper for flowers.=I use paper to make flowers.【巩固练习】同义句转换I use the knife for meat．I_______ the knife_______ _______meat.Key: use, to cut 【知识梳理15】They look funny. 它们看上去挺滑稽的。fun和funny有何区别？(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny是 ，意为“ ”；fun是 ，意为“ ”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“ ”。两者含义上也有差别：funny表示“ ”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让人 觉得好玩或发笑。而fun主要指“ ”，不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。批注：(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny是形容词，意为“有趣的，滑稽的，奇怪的”；fun是名词，意为“有趣的事”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“快乐的，有趣的”。两者含义上也有差别：funny表示“有趣的，滑稽的”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让 人觉得好玩或发笑。而fun主要指“有趣，好玩”，不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。 【例题精讲】例1. What a fun story! 例2. It’s fun to read the book. 例3. It’s funny to see the man walk with his hands and head.【巩固练习】( )We play cards just for_______. A. funny B. fun C. interesting D. excitedKey: B【知识梳理16】写作：我最喜欢的季节The structure of your article Para 1 Favourite season My favourite season is… weather It’s snowy/windy/sunny… Para 2-3 Reasons view blue sky/white sky/green trees/beautiful flowers… activities It’s exciting/interesting/fun to do… In spring we…, screaming and laughing Para 4 Feelings Winter is great/wonderful… 【例题精讲】以“I love winter”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。I love winterWinter is my favourite season. It is very cold and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy. Everything is covered in white snow, and the lakes and rivers are frozen. During this season, you cannot see beautiful flowers and green trees, but the land is quiet and beautiful. My friends and I love playing outside in winter. It is exciting to have big snowball fights. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing. We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses. They look funny. Moreover, I enjoy the Ice Festival each year. There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere. It is really wonderful.Winter is great!【巩固练习】以“My Favourite Season”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。提示：1.最喜欢的季节是秋季。2.秋季是收获的季节。各种水果和农作物都已成熟。3.中秋节也在秋季，一家人团聚，品尝月饼，其乐融融。4.秋高气爽，适合旅行。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key: My Favourite SeasonMy favourite season is autumn. It is a harvest season. Farmers are all busy getting in the crops. There are lots of different fruits in the season, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on. The Mid-Autumn Festival is the Chinese traditional festival in autumn. People often have a big family dinner to celebrate it .The whole family have moon cakes and enjoy the full moon in the open air at night.It is cool in autumn. So autumn is a good season to travel. I love travelling and we can learn a lot about the history of our country from the trip. People also do many different kinds of sports in autumn. There are many beautiful flowers in autumn. They have a sweet smell.I like autumn best. What about you, my dear friend U8重点词汇和句型【知识梳理1】I was sleeping when it started to rain.天开始下雨时，我正在睡觉。start to do sth.的意思是“开始做某事”，相当于 。[知识拓展] start doing sth.开始做某事，一般可以和start to do sth.互换，区别如下：(1) 。(2) 。(3)在start之后有表示感情或思想（如：understand．realize等）的动词时，一般用 。(4) 。标注：start to do sth.的意思是“开始做某事”，相当于begin to do sth.(1)当我们谈论一项长期的或习惯性的活动时，用start doing sth.较多。(2)进行时中一般用start to do sth.。(3)在start之后有表示感情或思想（如：understand．realize等）的动词时，一般用start to do sth.。(4)当主语是物不是人时，要用不定式。【例题精讲】例1. When did you start to read 你什么时候开始读书的？例2. How old were you when you first started playing the piano 你几岁开始弹钢琴？例3. The weather is now starting to change.现在天气开始变了。例4. Gradually, I started to understand him.渐渐地，我开始了解他了。例5. It started to rain.天开始下雨了。【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空She is starting_______ (cook) the dinner.Key: to cook 【知识梳理2】Didn't you hear the rain 难道你没有听见下雨（的声音）吗？1.该句为否定疑问句。否定疑问句的构成及用法如下：否定疑问句即否定形式的疑问句，汉语中常译作“ ？”。比较：[提醒] 对否定疑问句的回答，要根据实际情况来回答。--Isn’t the boy very clever 这个男孩难道不是很聪明吗？--Yes, he is. 。--No, he isn’t. 。其中的“Yes，he is．”实为“ ”的省略形式；而“No，he isn’t.”则为“ ”的省略形式，所以其中的“Yes”和“No”与汉语的翻译不一致。但我们不说“No，he is．”或“Yes，he isn’t.”，因为不符合英语中的表达习惯。在英语中Yes后习惯上要用 ，而No的后面则习惯上要跟 。标注：否定疑问句即否定形式的疑问句，汉语中常译作“难道……不……吗？”--Ye, he is. 不，他很聪明。--No, he isn’t.是的，他不是很聪明其中的“Yes，he is．”实为“Yes，he is very clever.”的省略形式；而“No，he isn't.”则为“No，he isn't very clever.”的省略形式，所以其中的“Yes”和“No”与汉语的翻译不一致。但我们不说“No，he is．”或“Yes，he isn't.”，因为不符合英语中的表达习惯。在英语中Yes后习惯上要用肯定式，而No的后面则习惯上要跟否定式。【例题精讲】例1. Can he drive 他会开车吗？→Can’t he drive 难道他不会开车吗？例2. Do you think so 你这样认为吗？→Don’t you think so 难道你不这么认为吗？【巩固练习】( )--Don’t you know him --_______.I never see him. A. Yes, I do B. No, I do C. Yes, I don’t D. No, I don’tKey: D2. listen (to)与hear的区别是什么？要listen (to)的意思是集中注意力尽量听清楚，强调听的过程，后面不紧跟听的内容时用listen，如紧跟听的内容则用listen to; hear强调听的结果，指声音传进了耳朵。[提醒]hear通常不用于进行时，要表达说话时听到什么，常用can hear。【例题精讲】例1. Listen to me, please.请听我说。例2. I listened carefully, but could hear nothing.我听得很认真，但什么也没听见。例3. I can hear somebody coming.我听见有人来了。（不能说I am hearing…）【巩固练习】( )If you_______ the teacher carefully, you can_______ every word clearly. A. listen; hear B. listen to; hear C. hear; hear D. listen to; listen toKey: B【知识梳理3】People screamed in fear. 人们恐惧地尖叫着。1. scream vi.尖叫、惊呼，通常指因为痛苦或恐惧而发出尖叫声。【例题精讲】例. When she saw the robber, she screamed for help.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子那个女孩经常在梦里尖叫。That girl often____________________________.Key: screams in her dream2. in fear的意思是“ ”，在句中可以作 或 。[知识拓展] be in fear of…的意思是“害怕……”，相当于 。标注：in fear的意思是“惊恐地；恐惧地；处于惊恐之中”，在句中可以作状语或表语。be in fear of…的意思是“害怕……”，相当于be afraid of…【例题精讲】例1. I was always living in fear. 例2. The girl cried out in fear when she saw a .snake in front of her.例3. Why are you in fear 例4. I’m in fear of losing the game. 我害怕输掉这场比赛。【巩固练习】( )We are_________ the typhoon. A. in danger B. in trouble C. in fear of D. afraidKey: C【知识梳理4】Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.当玻璃碎片和砖块纷纷落下的时候，外面的人正在四处逃跑。1. in all directions的意思是“ ”。标注： in all directions的意思是“四面八方；向各个方向”。【例题精讲】例1. When we speak, sound waves begin to travel and go in all directions.例2. You can’t go in all directions at one time.【巩固练习】( )When the earthquake came, people ran off_______. A. in danger B. in trouble C. in direction D. in all directionsKeys: D2.在本句中，while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down是一个过去进行时的 ，while在本句中的意思是“ ”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时进行。while也可以表示 。标注：在本句中，while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down是一个过去进行时的时间状语从句，while在本句中的意思是“当……的时候”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时进行。while也可以表示在某事进行的过程中发生了另一件事。【例题精讲】例1. Lucy is making a paper boat while Lily is writing a letter.例2. While she was listening to the MP3 player, she fell asleep.【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空While I was reading the newspaper, my mother_______ (wash) the dishes.Keys: was washing【知识梳理5】“I'm trapped，”I said to myself.我自言自语道：“我被困住了。”1. be trapped的意思是“ ”，使用了被动语态。在本句中，主语I是动作的承受者，trapped是动词 的过去分词。“be＋（及物动词的）过去分词”构成被动语态。标注：be trapped的意思是“被困住”，使用了被动语态。在本句中，主语I是动作的承受者，trapped是动词trap的过去分词。“be＋（及物动词的）过去分词”构成被动语态。【例题精讲】例1. Some people were trapped in the snowstorm. 例2. About 100 workers were trapped in the coal mine. 【巩固练习】( )Three firemen_______ when the house fell down. A. trap B. trapped C. are trapped D. were trappedKey: D 2. say to oneself的意思是______________。标注：say to oneself的意思是“心里暗想；自言自语”。【例题精讲】例1. That girl often says to herself in the mirror. 例2. “What happened ” I said to myself. 【巩固练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空“Oh, what’s wrong with my stomach ” he said to_______(he).Key: himself 【知识梳理6】A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive。片刻的恐惧闪过我的脑海，但我告诉自己既然我还活着就要冷静下来。1. go through my mind的意思是_______。标注：go through my mind的意思是“闪过我的脑海”。【例题精讲】例. Many photos of my brother went through my mind.【巩固练习】( )Just then, a good idea went_______ my mind. A. in B. out C. through D. byKey: C2. since在此的意思是_______。标注：since在此的意思是“既然，由于”。【例题精讲】例. Since you are here, come and play football with us.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子既然大家都到了，我们就开始上课吧。Let’s begin our lesson______________.Key: since everyone is here3. alive和living的用法:alive adj.活着的，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，即虽有死的可能，但还活着，既可指人，也可指物；可以跟在 后作表语，也可放在名词后作 或作宾语补足语。[知识拓展] living adj. ；living强调说明“尚在人间；健在”，可用来指人或物，作表语或前置定语。标注：alive adj.活着的，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，即虽有死的可能，但还活着，既可指人，也可指物；可以跟在连系动词后作表语，也可放在名词后作后置定语或作宾语补足语。living adj.活着的；有生命的。living强调说明“尚在人间；健在”，可用来指人或物，作表语或前置定语。【例题精讲】例1. He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。（作表语）例2. He thinks he is the happiest man alive. 他认为他是世上最幸福的人。（作后置定语）例3. That fish is still living.＝That fish is still alive.那条鱼还活着。（作表语）例4. That is a living fish.＝That is a fish alive.那是一条活鱼。（作前置定语）例5. Is your grandfather still living 你爷爷还健在吗？（用living指“活着”并且“健康”）例6. Is your grandfather still alive 你爷爷还活着吗？（用alive仪表示“活着”）【巩固练习】用alive或living填空1. My first teacher is still_______.2. No man_______ is greater than him.3. He wanted to keep the fish______.4. English is a_______ language.Keys: 1. living/alive 2. alive 3. alive 4. living 【知识梳理7】Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. 数小时后，当我努力找出路时，我突然听到上面有响声。1. try后既可跟动词不定式形式，也可跟动名词形式。跟动词不定式表示“ ”，跟动名词表示“ ”。try to do侧重尽力，try doing只是一种新的尝试。标注：try后既可跟动词不定式形式，也可跟动名词形式。跟动词不定式表示“尽力／努力／设法做某事”，跟动名词表示“尝试做某事”。try to do侧重尽力，try doing只是一种新的尝试。【例题精讲】例1. He tried to finish the work on time.他设法准时完成这项工作。例2. He tried washing his car with a new machine.他尝试着用一种新机器洗他的车。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我们必须尽力学好英语。We must______________ English well.Key: try to learn2. find my way out的意思是_______。标注：find my way out的意思是“找到我的出路”。【例题精讲】例. How can we find a way out 【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我想我们很快就能找到出路。I think we ______________soon.Key: will find a way out 3. sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。(1) sound作 (2) noise意为 (3) voice 一般指 [提醒] sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音；而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其他动物的声音。标注：(1) sound作“声音，响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。(2) noise意为“噪音，喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。(3) voice 一般指人的声音。说话、唱歌、谈笑等都可用voice。【例题精讲】例1. At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。例2. Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。例3. Don’t make any noise! 别吵闹！例4. The noise of traffic kept him awake.车辆的喧闹声使他睡不着。例5. The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他们正小声交谈。 They are talking .Key: in a low voice【知识梳理8】Using when, while and as用when, while和aswhen，while及as可以引导_______从句。[提醒] 当一个瞬间动作发生时一个持续性动作正在进行之中，持续性动作用_______，瞬间动作用_______。(1)如果瞬间动作是主句，我们可以用_______，_______或_______引导从句。(2)如果持续性动作是主句，我们用_______引导从句。标注：when，while及as作“当……的时候”讲时，都可以引导时间状语从句，表示“during the time that”的意思。当一个瞬间动作发生时一个持续性动作正在进行之中，持续性动作用过去进行时，瞬间动作用一般过去时。(1)如果瞬间动作是主句，我们可以用when，while或as引导从句。(2)如果持续性动作是主句，我们用when引导从句。【例题精讲】例1. I was playing football when my father came to see me.我父亲来看我时我正在踢足球。例2. He was reading while l was surfing on the Internet.他在看书时我在上网。例3. As I was leaving the market, I met my friends.我正要离开市场时遇到了我的朋友们。例4. When/While/As he was working, I gave him a report .当他在工作时我给了他一份报告。例5. They were walking when I saw them.当我看到他们时他们在散步。[知识拓展] (1) while还有“然而”之意，主从句形成对比。(2) when有“就在此时”之意，相当于and at that time。【例题精讲】例1. He likes living in the city while I like living in the countryside. 例2. I was going out when my friend Jack came to play chess with me. 【巩固练习】( )1.Eddie was sleeping_______ Millie was reading a magazine. A. until B. while C. before D. after( )2. _______I was reading, the teacher came into the classroom.A. When B. While C. As D. A, B and C( )3. He was walking in the street_______ I happened to see him. as B. when C. while D. ForKeys: 1. B 2. D 3. B【知识梳理9】过去进行时的基本用法过去进行时的概念和用法: （一）定义： 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。结构：was/were +doing (现在分词） 否定式：was / were not + doing was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t 疑问句：将 was / were 调到主语前，结构为：Was/Were+主语+verb-ing 回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+ was not/wasn’t. were not/weren’t.（三）用法1. 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：【例题精讲】例1. We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 例2. It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。例3. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。【例题精讲】例1. What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)例2. When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)【知识梳理10】while/when/as 与过去进行时1. when, while 和 as 这三个词都有“当……时候”的意思。【例题精讲】例1. There were fewer sandstorms when my grandparents were young. 我祖父母年轻时沙尘暴要少些。例2. While Mille was watching TV, her mum was sleeping.米莉在看电视时，妈妈在睡觉。例3. I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning.今天早晨我骑自行车时看到一起交通事故。2. when 和 as 既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的；while指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即：指一段时间时when, while 和as都可用；指一点时间时，只能用when或as，不能用while。【例题精讲】例. 试比较：1. When/As he woke up, it was eight o’clock.(对)2. While he woke up, it was eight o’clock.（错）3. When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her.（错）3. 当 while , when 和 as 放在句首时，两个句子应用逗号隔开。【例题精讲】例1. When the teacher came in, we were talking.例2. While the pig was dancing, the rabbit was jumping.例3. As the two men were leaving, a message arrived.【巩固练习】1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 It was ten o’clock on Sunday morning. The family were all in the garden. Mr King and Mrs King _______(sit) under the tree, and they__________(talk) and ______(laugh). Their son Jack ________(read) an interesting book. Their daughter Wendy _______ (play) with their dog. Everyone was happy.Keys: were sitting; were talking; laughing; was reading; was playing2.单项选择（ ）1. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell; was riding B. fell; were riding C. had fallen; rode D. had fallen; was riding （ ) 2. When I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking （ ）3.I don’ t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.
A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared （ ）4.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked Keys: ADBB【知识梳理11】Try to get out as soon as possible. 尽快想办法出去。as soon as possible的意思是_______ 。as…as possible= 意为“尽可能……”。批注：as soon as possible的意思是“尽快”，as…as possible=as…as sb. can/could意为“尽可能……”。【例题精讲】例. I will get here as early as possible.= I will get here as early as I can.【巩固练习】同义句转换He answered my letter as quickly as possible.He answered my letter as quickly_______ _______ _______.Key: as he could 【知识梳理12】Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect yourself from thick smoke.用湿毛巾掩住你的口鼻来保护自己不受浓烟的侵袭。cover在本句中作动词，意思是“ ”。[知识拓展] (1) cover…with…的意思是“ ”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“ ”。批注：cover在本句中作动词，意思是“盖；覆盖”。(1) cover…with…的意思是“用……覆盖……”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“……被……覆盖着”。【例题精讲】例1. The heavy snow will soon cover the road.大雪很快就会把道路覆盖。例2. She often covers her mouth with her hand when she smiles.她微笑时常用手遮住嘴。例3. Look! The river is covered with ice.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子 1.地震之后，砖块和石头覆盖了整条公路。Bricks and stones _____________ after the earthquake.2.当打喷嚏或咳嗽时，我们应该用面巾纸遮住鼻子和嘴巴。We should______________ our nose and mouth_______ tissues when sneezing or coughing．Keys: 1. covered the whole road 2. cover; with 【知识梳理13】Do you know what to do first when we burn ourselves 当我们烧伤时，你知道首先怎么做吗？what to do为“疑问词十不定式”。“疑问词十不定式”可以和 转换。批注：“疑问词十不定式”可以和宾语从句转换。【例题精讲】例1. I want to know when to begin our meeting.我想知道我们什么时候开会。例2. They don’t know where they will buy the book. =They don’t know where to buy the book. 他们不知道去哪里买这本书。【巩固练习】同义句转换Can you tell me how can I get to the park Can you tell me_______ _______ get to the park Key: how to 【知识梳理14】I shared an umbrella with Millie.我和米莉合撑一把伞。share sth. with sb.的意思是_______。批注：share sth. with sb.的意思是“和某人共用某物；和某人共享某物”。【例题精讲】例. I share my toys and books with my friends. 【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子桑迪经常和同学们分享她的快乐。 Sandy often_______ her joy_______ her classmates.Key: shares; with 【知识梳理15】The snow kept falling. 雪在不停地下。 意为“一直不停地做某事”。批注：keep doing sth.意为“一直不停地做某事”。【例题精讲】例. The boy kept doing his homework for three hours.那男孩连续做了三个小时的作业。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他让我等了半小时。 He ______________for half an hour.Key: kept me waiting 【知识梳理16】I could hear the wind blowing．我能听见风在刮。hear sb. doing sth.意为_______。[知识拓展] hear sb. do sth.意为“ ”。批注：hear sb. doing sth.意为“听见某人在做某事”。 hear sb. do sth.意为“听到某人做某事”。【例题精讲】例1. I heard him singing when l was passing his room.当我路过他的房间时，我听到他在唱歌。例2. I often hear him read English in the morning.早上我经常听到他读英语。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子昨晚八点我听到他在打电话。 I______________ at eight last night.Key: heard him calling 【知识梳理17】I nearly fell over.我几乎摔倒了。1. nearly的意思是_______。[知识拓展] almost也表示“ ”，但almost可用于any，no，none，nobody等否定词之前，nearly一般不这样用。批注：nearly的意思是“几乎”。almost也表示“几乎”，但almost可用于any，no，none，nobody等否定词之前，nearly一般不这样用。【例题精讲】例1. He nearly hit the car.他几乎撞到了汽车。例2. Almost any man can do it.几乎任何人都会做。例3. Almost no one came to the party.几乎没有人来参加聚会。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他远不像你想象的那么好。 He is_____________________．Key: not nearly as nice as you think2. fall over的意思是_____________________。 [辨析] fall off，fall down与fall from的区别：(1) fall off (2) fall down (3) fall from 批注：fall over的意思是“摔倒”。(1) fall off从……掉下，强调整个过程。(2) fall down掉了下来，倒地。(3) fall from从……掉下来，强调“地方”。【例题精讲】例.We all fell over in the wind.我们都在风中摔倒了。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我碰到了石头几乎摔倒了。 I hit the stone and______________.Key: nearly fell over【知识梳理18】关于一场自然灾难的写作【范例表达】An earthquake / A flood / A snowstorm /…hit…I was doing/…when……because of the heavy rain / snow…We could only hear / see……kept falling.Suddenly, /……had to walk slowly / pull oneself through……was really terrible.【写作框架】1. IntroductionWhere did it happen When did it happen 2. During the disaster /accidentWhere were you What did you do What did you hear What did you see What happened How did you feel 3. After the disaster /accidentWhere were you What did you hear What did you see How did you feel 批注：1. What did you do wore more clothes / rain coat / glasses called 110 / 119 / 120 hotline closed the door and windows 4. went to high places… 2. heard strong wind / big noise/ thunder3. saw the lightning / lots of smoke / sand /dark cloud / thick snow/ many people…4. What happened be trapped / be frightened crashed into… fall down / over 5. How did you feel frightened / excited / terrible/ in fear/worried/sad… screamed / shouted / calmed down…【例题精讲】书面表达 根据以下提示，报道一起交通事故。词数60 80左右。时间：昨天；地点：市中心大街第二拐角处；原因：小轿车司机开车前饮酒过量，开车时感到疲劳，以致轿车失控(lose control)，撞翻一辆自行车；伤亡人数：骑车人死亡，司机轻伤； 5.影响：市交通中断近一小时，一个完整家庭失去了他们的儿子；6.提醒：人人都要遵守(obey)交通规则(traffic rules)，因为生命是最宝贵的。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One possible version: Yesterday a car accident happened at the second, turning on the center street of the city. The driver drank too much so he felt tired, and his car lost control and then hit a bike. The person on the bike lost his life in the accident and the driver was slightly hurt. The traffic stopped for nearly an hour. The police advised us to obey traffic rules at any time, because lives are so important.【巩固练习】书面表达根据提示，以“A Disaster in My Hometown”为题写一篇短文，第四句发挥1—2点。1.2015年七月家乡发生了洪水，把村庄冲走了。水覆盖了路面。2.人们可以在街上划船，在家捕鱼。雨下了将近半个月，许多人被困，无法上学和上班。3.幸运的是，当地政府为我们提供了食物和水。4.洪水真可怕啊！我们应该……保护我们的地球。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One possible version:A Disaster in My Hometown A terrible flood hit my hometown in July, 2015. The flood washed the village away. The water covered the roads. People could even boat in the streets and catch fish in their houses. It rained for nearly half a month Many people were trapped. They couldn't go to school or go to work. Luckily, the local government provided us with food and water. How terrible the flood is! We should plant more trees to protect our earth. 【课堂检测】建议15min单项选择( )1. --________ is the weather like today --It’s _________. A. How; windy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What; windy C. How; wind D. What; wind( )2. Last night I heard a noise _________ thunder. A. as B. like ( http: / / www. / ) C. so D. from( )3. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here. A. minute B. minutes C. minute’s D. minutes’( )4. The snowstorm killed _________ people. A. over eight hundred of B. hundreds of C. more than eight hundreds D. eight hundreds( )5. The cleaners rolled ________ their trousers and were in a hurry ________ the snow. A. up; to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) remove B. up; removed C. /; to remove D. /; removed( )6. The headmaster _________ the students to leave school early. A. made B. let C. ordered D. had( )7. You find _________ useful to learn even a little English. A. that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. it C. this D. they( )8. Tom was cleaning the room while Jack _____TV. A. was watching B. is watching C. watches D. watched( )9. You felt unhappy yesterday, __________ A. didn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you B. did you C. don’t you D. do you( )10. Shanghai________the east of China. Japan is ________the east of China. A. in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); in B. at; on C. in; to D. at; to( )11. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re_____a large number of students in our school. The number of the students ______ three thousand. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is( )12. I don’t kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow if Tom _________ here tomorrow. If he ________, I’ll tell you. A. comes; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come( )13. The teacher told me _________when I left the classroom. A. lock the door B. to lock the door C. to knock at the door D. knock at the door( )14. The wetland can ________ food and shelter ______ plants and animals, including different kinds of birds. A. provide; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for B. provide; with C. make; for D. provides; for( )15. When I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was working on a Maths problem, a good idea went ______my head. A. over B. in C. about D. through( )16. My mother ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )often tells me to _____________when I am in trouble. A. come down ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. slow down C. calm down D. get down( )17. They didn’t know ________ during the fear moment. A. where go to B. where to go C. go to where D. to go where( )18. -- I fell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) off the bike and hurt myself. --____________.A. That's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )too bad B. You were careless C. You should be careful next time D. I’m sorry to hear that( )19.When flood was washing the village, people screamed________and ran________all directions. A. in fear; with B. with fear; in C. in fear; in D. with fear; with( )20. The earthquake ______ when I _______some cleaning. A. starts; was doing B. started; was doing C. was starting; was doing D. starts; were doingKeys: 1-5 BBDBA 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 DBBAD 16-20CBDCB 教学建议：1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。【要点回顾】一、as soon as possible的意思是“尽快”，as…as possible=as…as sb. can/could意为“尽可能……”。二、cover在本句中作动词，意思是“盖；覆盖”。(1) cover…with…的意思是“用……覆盖……”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“……被……覆盖着”。三、keep doing sth.意为“一直不停地做某事”。【温故知新】建议5min课后巩固一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. My brother_______ (do) his homework when I left my house.2. _______ he_______ (watch) while his mother_______ (cook) 3. While we_______ (wait) for the bus, a girl_______ (run) up to us.4. As I_______ (walk) in the park, it _______ (begin) to rain.5. I_______ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.Keys: 1. was doing 2. Was, watching, was cooking 3. were waiting, ran 4. was walking, began 5. was having 二、单项选择( )1. A truck crashed_______ a tree this morning. A. to B. into C. at D. /( )2. A terrible traffic accident happened_______ Lily. Luckily, she was not badly hurt. A. with B. on C. to D. at( )3. The floor is very dirty. Will you please_______ A. mop it up B. mop up it C. to mop it up D. to mop up it( )4. In the past, few people knew that the earth_______ around the sun. A. moved B. had moved C. moves D. was moving( )5. Tom was playing football on the road. A car was coming, Jack called to Tom, “Look out!” Here “look out” means_______.A. 向外看 B. 当心 C. 向前看 D. 抬头看Keys: 1-5 BCACB 预习思考
What's the weather like in spring/summer/autumn/winter
What can you do
E.g. In spring, it's warm and windy. I can fly kites, plant trees and go on a school trip.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Are you ready
U7重点：……
What are the important languages points of Unit3-8
U8重点：……
学习目标 1、8AU7-8的重点词汇及词组复习； 2、8AU7-8的重点句型及语法复习；3、对阅读理解进行综合运用。
教学内容
【进门测试】一、单项选择1.There are almost no trees there. Animals find __________to hide. A. anywhere B. somewhere C. nowhere D. enough space 2. The fish smells bad._________, please. A. Take it away B. Take away it C. Bring it away D. Bring away it3. If it_________ fine tomorrow, we go to the park. A. is; is B. is; will be C. is; will D. will be; be4. ---Look,_____ dirty the water is! ---Yes, we should really take some actions to deal with it. A. what a B. what C. how D. how a5. The tigers are _________little animals. A. good at catch B. good at catching C. good for catch D. good for catching6. If you don’t buy them, _________will buy them. A. someone else B. else someone C. anyone else D. else anyone7. Bob nearly two hours doing his homework yesterday evening. A. cost B. took C. paid D. spent8. If we keep the land, the farmers will have to live. A. took; anywhere B. take; no place C. taking; nowhere D. taking; somewhereKeys: 1-5 CACCB 6-8 ADC【多元导学】 一、What are the four seasons ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________二、How many months are there in each season Spring: ___________________Summer: ___________________Autumn: ___________________Winter: ___________________三、 【互动精讲】U7重点词汇、句型和语法重点词汇和句型【知识梳理1】Bring me my clothes, Hobo.把我的衣服带来，霍波。bring和take的区别如下：①bring ；②take 。批注：①bring带来（表示从远处拿到说话的地点来），常与here，me搭配； ②take带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与there，away搭配。【例题精讲】例1. Please bring my hat to me tomorrow.明天请把我的帽子带给我。例2. Take your raincoat with you. It's going to rain.把你的雨衣带着。天要下雨。【巩固练习】用take或bring填空Will you please_______ me my dictionary I need to use it.Key: bring 【知识梳理2】I bet you'll look cool and feel cool with nothing on！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！ 1. feel在此用作 ，意为“ ”。[知识拓展] feel也可以用作动词，意为“感觉，觉得；认为，以为；触摸”。批注： feel在此用作连系动词，意为“感到，觉得”。【例题精讲】例. I felt it and it was very hot.我摸了它，它很热。【巩固练习】( )Cotton(棉花) _______soft. A. feels B. listens C. makes D. uses Key: A2. with的意思是_______，其反义词为 。批注：with意为“具有，带着”，表示伴随着某种状态，其反义词为without。【例题精讲】例. Fish sleep with eyes open.鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。【巩固练习】填入适当的介词Recite(背诵) the text_______ your book closed.Key: with 【知识梳理3】It’s the best time to play football outside．这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。It is the best time to do sth.的意思为_______。It is time to do sth.的意思为“ ”批注： It is time to do sth.的意思为“该做某事的时候了”。It's the best time to do sth.意为“这是做某事的最好时候”。【例题精讲】例. It’s the best time to fly kites.这是放风筝的最好时候。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子该是学校出游的最好时间了。 It's______________ go on a school trip.Key: the best time to 【知识梳理4】be full of充满，装满be full of的同义短语是 。批注：be full of的同义短语是be filled with。【例题精讲】例. The house is full of people. = The house is filled with people.【巩固练习】同义句转换The box is full of balls.The box_______ _______ _______balls.Key: is filled with【知识梳理5】far away远离far away用作 ，away可以省去，因此，far away＝ ; far away from＝ 。2. far (away)后不接 ；far (away) from后一定要接 。3. far from除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“ ”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。批注：1. far away用作表语或状语，away可以省去，因此，far away＝far; far away from＝far from。2. far (away)后不接宾语；far (away) from后一定要接宾语3. far from除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“远远不，完全不，绝非”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。【例题精讲】例1. My home is far/far away.我家离得远。例2. His factory is far (away) from our school.他的工厂远离我们学校。例3. They do not live far away.他们住得并不远。例4. Far from reading his letter，she didn't open it。别说看他的信了，她连信都没打开。例5. He is far from (being) rich.他一点也不富有。【巩固练习】( )My home is_______ the company. A. far away B. far away from C. from far away D. farKey: B【知识梳理6】The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly. 树叶变绿，温度很快上升。1.leaves的原形有两种：一是动词 (离开)，leaves为第三人称单数形式；二是 (叶子)， 为复数形式。批注：leaves的原形有两种：一是动词leave(离开)，leaves为第三人称单数形式；二是leaf(叶子)，leaves为复数形式。【例题精讲】例1. He often leaves school at 5 in the afternoon.他经常在下午五点离开学校。例2. The leaves of the tree began to turn yellow.这棵树上的叶子开始变黄。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子地上有几片落叶。There are_______________ on the ground.Key: several fallen leaves2. turn在此用作连系动词，意为“变得”。[知识拓展](1) turn也可作行为动词，意为“ ”。常用短语： 打开，发动； 关掉； 调高； 调低； 掉过头，转过身； 变成。(2) become多指 。[提醒] 将来“成为”不用become而用be。(3) get多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调的是“渐渐变得”，后常接形容词的比较级形式。(4) turn指在 。批注：(1) turn也可作行为动词，意为“转动，使旋转；转弯；翻过来；转向；转变；转动”。常用短语：turn on打开，发动；turn off关掉；turn up调高；turn down调低；turn around掉过头，转过身；turn into变成。(2) become多指身份、职位等的变化，它强调变化的过程已经完成。后面可接名词或形容词。(4) turn指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。【例题精讲】例1. You can’t cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. 直到交通灯变绿你才可过马路。例2. He becomes a teacher. 他成为了一名老师。例3. Her mother became angry when she heard the news. 当她的妈妈听到这个消息时，她很生气。例4. She will be a teacher. 她将成为一名老师。例5. In winter the days get shorter. 冬季白天变得较短。例6. The milk has turned bad. 牛奶变质了。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子1.我们的校园变得越来越美。Our school______________ more and more beautiful.2.后来，他的脸涨得通红。Later, his face_____________________.Keys: 1. is getting 2. turned red 3.rise与raise有何区别？(1) rise是 ，表示“ ”，其过去式、过去分词分别为 。(2) raise是 ，表示“ ”，其过去式，过去分词分别为 。raise还有“饲养，供养”的意思。批注：(1) rise是不及物动词，表示“升起”，其过去式、过去分词分别为rose，risen。(2) raise是及物动词，表示“举起”，其过去式，过去分词分别为raised，raised。【例题精讲】例1. The sun is rising.太阳在升起。例2. Please raise your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你有问题要问请举手。例3. He has to work hard to raise his family.他不得不努力工作来养家糊口。【巩固练习】( )The house price is_______ these days.raised B. raising C. rising D. risenKey: C【知识梳理7】Farmers are busy harvesting crops.农民们正忙于收割庄稼。be busy doing sth.的意思是_______。 批注: be busy doing sth. /with sth.的意思为“忙于做某事”。【例题精讲】例. He is busy doing his homework.＝ He is busy with his homework.他正忙于做作业。【巩固练习】同义句转换The doctor is busy saving the patient.The doctor_______ _______ _______the patient.Key: is busy with 【知识梳理8】New Year’s Day元旦New Year’s Day意为“元旦”。 常见的节日有：the Spring Festival春节 国庆节（10月1日）New Year’s Day元旦（1月1日） April Fools’ Day （4月1日） 万圣节（10月31日） 圣诞节（12月25日）May Day劳动节（5月1日） Children’s Day （6月1日） 教师节（9月10日） 父亲节（每年6月的第3个星期日） 母亲节（每年5月的第2个星期日）批注：the Spring Festival春节 National Day国庆节（10月1日）New Year's Day元旦（1月1日） April Fools' Day愚人节（4月1日）Halloween万圣节（10月31日） Christmas Day圣诞节（12月25日）May Day劳动节（5月1日） Children's Day儿童节（6月1日）Teachers' Day教师节（9月10日）Father's Day父亲节（每年6月的第3个星期日）Mother's Day母亲节（每年5月的第2个星期日）【例题精讲】例. Happy New Year’s Day.元旦快乐。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子在元旦那天你干什么？ What do you do______________ Key: on New Year’s Day【知识梳理9】I had a high fever and coughed a lot…我发高烧，咳嗽得厉害……have a high fever意为“ ”。catch(a)fever＝ = have a fever可与一段时间连用，而catch (a) fever和have got a fever则不能。批注：have a high fever意为“发高烧”。 catch(a)fever=have a fever=have got a fever【例题精讲】例. --What was wrong with her last night --She had a high fever last night.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我发高烧三小时了。 I______________ for three hours.Key: had a fever【知识梳理10】简单句的五种句子结构简单句的五种基本句型英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：
1. S十V主谓结构 主语 ＋ 谓语2. S十V十P主系表结构 主语 ＋ 连系动词 ＋表语3. S十V十O主谓宾结构 主语 ＋ 谓语 ＋宾语4. S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5. S十V十DO十OC 主谓宾补结构 主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语【例题精讲】例1. He runs fast in the street. （S十V主谓结构）例2. Your watch looks very nice. （S十V十P主系表结构）例3. She often helps him. （S十V十O主谓宾结构） 例4. Our teacher told us a story. （S十V十IO十DO 主谓双宾结构）例5. Sandy calls her parrot Chatty. （S十V十DO十OC 主谓宾补结构）【巩固练习】指出下列简单句的五种基本类型①S+V ②S+V+O ③S+V+P ④S十V十IO十DO ⑤S十V十DO十OC1. He works hard. _____________2. They like Chinese. _____________3. The food tastes nice. _____________4. He gave me two books. _____________5. The story makes me sad. _____________6. I often hear him sing. ______________Keys: ①;②;③;④;⑤;⑤【知识梳理11】Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week.阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。 the rest of意为“ ”，该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由 所决定。批注：the rest of意为“剩余的……”该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由of后面的名词所决定。【例题精讲】例. The rest of the books are about English.【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空The rest of the milk_______ (be) bad.Key: is【知识梳理12】There will be a few showers today, but it will be warm, with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees.今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在18到19摄氏度。there be结构的将来时为_______。批注：there be结构的将来时为there is/are going to be或there will be。【提醒】 不能写成there is/are going to have和there will have的形式。【例题精讲】例1. There is going to be a meeting tonight.例2. There will be a football match next week.【巩固练习】( )There is going to_______ an English party this week.A. have B．is C．are D．beKey: D 【知识梳理13】How’s the weather in Nanjing 南京的天气怎样？How is the weather in Nanjing 其同义句是 批注：How is the weather in Nanjing 其同义句是What's the weather like in Nanjing 【例题精讲】例. How is the weather today =What’s the weather like today 【巩固练习】同义句转换What’s the weather like in your hometown _______ _______ the weather in your hometown Key: How is【知识梳理14】We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses.我们也堆雪人，用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子。use…for…的意思为“ ”，另一种表达方式是 。批注： use…for…的意思为“用……做……”，另一种表达方式是use…to do sth。【例题精讲】例. I use paper for flowers.=I use paper to make flowers.【巩固练习】同义句转换I use the knife for meat．I_______ the knife_______ _______meat.Key: use, to cut 【知识梳理15】They look funny. 它们看上去挺滑稽的。fun和funny有何区别？(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny是 ，意为“ ”；fun是 ，意为“ ”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“ ”。两者含义上也有差别：funny表示“ ”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让人 觉得好玩或发笑。而fun主要指“ ”，不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。批注：(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny是形容词，意为“有趣的，滑稽的，奇怪的”；fun是名词，意为“有趣的事”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“快乐的，有趣的”。两者含义上也有差别：funny表示“有趣的，滑稽的”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让 人觉得好玩或发笑。而fun主要指“有趣，好玩”，不像funny那样强调“滑稽”。 【例题精讲】例1. What a fun story! 例2. It’s fun to read the book. 例3. It’s funny to see the man walk with his hands and head.【巩固练习】( )We play cards just for_______. A. funny B. fun C. interesting D. excitedKey: B【知识梳理16】写作：我最喜欢的季节The structure of your article Para 1 Favourite season My favourite season is… weather It’s snowy/windy/sunny… Para 2-3 Reasons view blue sky/white sky/green trees/beautiful flowers… activities It’s exciting/interesting/fun to do… In spring we…, screaming and laughing Para 4 Feelings Winter is great/wonderful… 【例题精讲】以“I love winter”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。I love winterWinter is my favourite season. It is very cold and everyone has to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.The temperature is usually below zero and it is often snowy. Everything is covered in white snow, and the lakes and rivers are frozen. During this season, you cannot see beautiful flowers and green trees, but the land is quiet and beautiful. My friends and I love playing outside in winter. It is exciting to have big snowball fights. We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing. We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses. They look funny. Moreover, I enjoy the Ice Festival each year. There are beautiful ice lanterns everywhere. It is really wonderful.Winter is great!【巩固练习】以“My Favourite Season”为题，根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的小短文。提示：1.最喜欢的季节是秋季。2.秋季是收获的季节。各种水果和农作物都已成熟。3.中秋节也在秋季，一家人团聚，品尝月饼，其乐融融。4.秋高气爽，适合旅行。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Key: My Favourite SeasonMy favourite season is autumn. It is a harvest season. Farmers are all busy getting in the crops. There are lots of different fruits in the season, such as apples, oranges, bananas and so on. The Mid-Autumn Festival is the Chinese traditional festival in autumn. People often have a big family dinner to celebrate it .The whole family have moon cakes and enjoy the full moon in the open air at night.It is cool in autumn. So autumn is a good season to travel. I love travelling and we can learn a lot about the history of our country from the trip. People also do many different kinds of sports in autumn. There are many beautiful flowers in autumn. They have a sweet smell.I like autumn best. What about you, my dear friend U8重点词汇和句型【知识梳理1】I was sleeping when it started to rain.天开始下雨时，我正在睡觉。start to do sth.的意思是“开始做某事”，相当于 。[知识拓展] start doing sth.开始做某事，一般可以和start to do sth.互换，区别如下：(1) 。(2) 。(3)在start之后有表示感情或思想（如：understand．realize等）的动词时，一般用 。(4) 。标注：start to do sth.的意思是“开始做某事”，相当于begin to do sth.(1)当我们谈论一项长期的或习惯性的活动时，用start doing sth.较多。(2)进行时中一般用start to do sth.。(3)在start之后有表示感情或思想（如：understand．realize等）的动词时，一般用start to do sth.。(4)当主语是物不是人时，要用不定式。【例题精讲】例1. When did you start to read 你什么时候开始读书的？例2. How old were you when you first started playing the piano 你几岁开始弹钢琴？例3. The weather is now starting to change.现在天气开始变了。例4. Gradually, I started to understand him.渐渐地，我开始了解他了。例5. It started to rain.天开始下雨了。【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空She is starting_______ (cook) the dinner.Key: to cook 【知识梳理2】Didn't you hear the rain 难道你没有听见下雨（的声音）吗？1.该句为否定疑问句。否定疑问句的构成及用法如下：否定疑问句即否定形式的疑问句，汉语中常译作“ ？”。比较：[提醒] 对否定疑问句的回答，要根据实际情况来回答。--Isn’t the boy very clever 这个男孩难道不是很聪明吗？--Yes, he is. 。--No, he isn’t. 。其中的“Yes，he is．”实为“ ”的省略形式；而“No，he isn’t.”则为“ ”的省略形式，所以其中的“Yes”和“No”与汉语的翻译不一致。但我们不说“No，he is．”或“Yes，he isn’t.”，因为不符合英语中的表达习惯。在英语中Yes后习惯上要用 ，而No的后面则习惯上要跟 。标注：否定疑问句即否定形式的疑问句，汉语中常译作“难道……不……吗？”--Ye, he is. 不，他很聪明。--No, he isn’t.是的，他不是很聪明其中的“Yes，he is．”实为“Yes，he is very clever.”的省略形式；而“No，he isn't.”则为“No，he isn't very clever.”的省略形式，所以其中的“Yes”和“No”与汉语的翻译不一致。但我们不说“No，he is．”或“Yes，he isn't.”，因为不符合英语中的表达习惯。在英语中Yes后习惯上要用肯定式，而No的后面则习惯上要跟否定式。【例题精讲】例1. Can he drive 他会开车吗？→Can’t he drive 难道他不会开车吗？例2. Do you think so 你这样认为吗？→Don’t you think so 难道你不这么认为吗？【巩固练习】( )--Don’t you know him --_______.I never see him. A. Yes, I do B. No, I do C. Yes, I don’t D. No, I don’tKey: D2. listen (to)与hear的区别是什么？要listen (to)的意思是集中注意力尽量听清楚，强调听的过程，后面不紧跟听的内容时用listen，如紧跟听的内容则用listen to; hear强调听的结果，指声音传进了耳朵。[提醒]hear通常不用于进行时，要表达说话时听到什么，常用can hear。【例题精讲】例1. Listen to me, please.请听我说。例2. I listened carefully, but could hear nothing.我听得很认真，但什么也没听见。例3. I can hear somebody coming.我听见有人来了。（不能说I am hearing…）【巩固练习】( )If you_______ the teacher carefully, you can_______ every word clearly. A. listen; hear B. listen to; hear C. hear; hear D. listen to; listen toKey: B【知识梳理3】People screamed in fear. 人们恐惧地尖叫着。1. scream vi.尖叫、惊呼，通常指因为痛苦或恐惧而发出尖叫声。【例题精讲】例. When she saw the robber, she screamed for help.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子那个女孩经常在梦里尖叫。That girl often____________________________.Key: screams in her dream2. in fear的意思是“ ”，在句中可以作 或 。[知识拓展] be in fear of…的意思是“害怕……”，相当于 。标注：in fear的意思是“惊恐地；恐惧地；处于惊恐之中”，在句中可以作状语或表语。be in fear of…的意思是“害怕……”，相当于be afraid of…【例题精讲】例1. I was always living in fear. 例2. The girl cried out in fear when she saw a .snake in front of her.例3. Why are you in fear 例4. I’m in fear of losing the game. 我害怕输掉这场比赛。【巩固练习】( )We are_________ the typhoon. A. in danger B. in trouble C. in fear of D. afraidKey: C【知识梳理4】Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.当玻璃碎片和砖块纷纷落下的时候，外面的人正在四处逃跑。1. in all directions的意思是“ ”。标注： in all directions的意思是“四面八方；向各个方向”。【例题精讲】例1. When we speak, sound waves begin to travel and go in all directions.例2. You can’t go in all directions at one time.【巩固练习】( )When the earthquake came, people ran off_______. A. in danger B. in trouble C. in direction D. in all directionsKeys: D2.在本句中，while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down是一个过去进行时的 ，while在本句中的意思是“ ”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时进行。while也可以表示 。标注：在本句中，while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down是一个过去进行时的时间状语从句，while在本句中的意思是“当……的时候”，强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时进行。while也可以表示在某事进行的过程中发生了另一件事。【例题精讲】例1. Lucy is making a paper boat while Lily is writing a letter.例2. While she was listening to the MP3 player, she fell asleep.【巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空While I was reading the newspaper, my mother_______ (wash) the dishes.Keys: was washing【知识梳理5】“I'm trapped，”I said to myself.我自言自语道：“我被困住了。”1. be trapped的意思是“ ”，使用了被动语态。在本句中，主语I是动作的承受者，trapped是动词 的过去分词。“be＋（及物动词的）过去分词”构成被动语态。标注：be trapped的意思是“被困住”，使用了被动语态。在本句中，主语I是动作的承受者，trapped是动词trap的过去分词。“be＋（及物动词的）过去分词”构成被动语态。【例题精讲】例1. Some people were trapped in the snowstorm. 例2. About 100 workers were trapped in the coal mine. 【巩固练习】( )Three firemen_______ when the house fell down. A. trap B. trapped C. are trapped D. were trappedKey: D 2. say to oneself的意思是______________。标注：say to oneself的意思是“心里暗想；自言自语”。【例题精讲】例1. That girl often says to herself in the mirror. 例2. “What happened ” I said to myself. 【巩固练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空“Oh, what’s wrong with my stomach ” he said to_______(he).Key: himself 【知识梳理6】A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since l was still alive。片刻的恐惧闪过我的脑海，但我告诉自己既然我还活着就要冷静下来。1. go through my mind的意思是_______。标注：go through my mind的意思是“闪过我的脑海”。【例题精讲】例. Many photos of my brother went through my mind.【巩固练习】( )Just then, a good idea went_______ my mind. A. in B. out C. through D. byKey: C2. since在此的意思是_______。标注：since在此的意思是“既然，由于”。【例题精讲】例. Since you are here, come and play football with us.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子既然大家都到了，我们就开始上课吧。Let’s begin our lesson______________.Key: since everyone is here3. alive和living的用法:alive adj.活着的，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，即虽有死的可能，但还活着，既可指人，也可指物；可以跟在 后作表语，也可放在名词后作 或作宾语补足语。[知识拓展] living adj. ；living强调说明“尚在人间；健在”，可用来指人或物，作表语或前置定语。标注：alive adj.活着的，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，即虽有死的可能，但还活着，既可指人，也可指物；可以跟在连系动词后作表语，也可放在名词后作后置定语或作宾语补足语。living adj.活着的；有生命的。living强调说明“尚在人间；健在”，可用来指人或物，作表语或前置定语。【例题精讲】例1. He must be still alive. 他一定还活着。（作表语）例2. He thinks he is the happiest man alive. 他认为他是世上最幸福的人。（作后置定语）例3. That fish is still living.＝That fish is still alive.那条鱼还活着。（作表语）例4. That is a living fish.＝That is a fish alive.那是一条活鱼。（作前置定语）例5. Is your grandfather still living 你爷爷还健在吗？（用living指“活着”并且“健康”）例6. Is your grandfather still alive 你爷爷还活着吗？（用alive仪表示“活着”）【巩固练习】用alive或living填空1. My first teacher is still_______.2. No man_______ is greater than him.3. He wanted to keep the fish______.4. English is a_______ language.Keys: 1. living/alive 2. alive 3. alive 4. living 【知识梳理7】Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. 数小时后，当我努力找出路时，我突然听到上面有响声。1. try后既可跟动词不定式形式，也可跟动名词形式。跟动词不定式表示“ ”，跟动名词表示“ ”。try to do侧重尽力，try doing只是一种新的尝试。标注：try后既可跟动词不定式形式，也可跟动名词形式。跟动词不定式表示“尽力／努力／设法做某事”，跟动名词表示“尝试做某事”。try to do侧重尽力，try doing只是一种新的尝试。【例题精讲】例1. He tried to finish the work on time.他设法准时完成这项工作。例2. He tried washing his car with a new machine.他尝试着用一种新机器洗他的车。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我们必须尽力学好英语。We must______________ English well.Key: try to learn2. find my way out的意思是_______。标注：find my way out的意思是“找到我的出路”。【例题精讲】例. How can we find a way out 【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我想我们很快就能找到出路。I think we ______________soon.Key: will find a way out 3. sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。(1) sound作 (2) noise意为 (3) voice 一般指 [提醒] sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音；而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其他动物的声音。标注：(1) sound作“声音，响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声音。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。(2) noise意为“噪音，喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。(3) voice 一般指人的声音。说话、唱歌、谈笑等都可用voice。【例题精讲】例1. At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。例2. Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。例3. Don’t make any noise! 别吵闹！例4. The noise of traffic kept him awake.车辆的喧闹声使他睡不着。例5. The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他们正小声交谈。 They are talking .Key: in a low voice【知识梳理8】Using when, while and as用when, while和aswhen，while及as可以引导_______从句。[提醒] 当一个瞬间动作发生时一个持续性动作正在进行之中，持续性动作用_______，瞬间动作用_______。(1)如果瞬间动作是主句，我们可以用_______，_______或_______引导从句。(2)如果持续性动作是主句，我们用_______引导从句。标注：when，while及as作“当……的时候”讲时，都可以引导时间状语从句，表示“during the time that”的意思。当一个瞬间动作发生时一个持续性动作正在进行之中，持续性动作用过去进行时，瞬间动作用一般过去时。(1)如果瞬间动作是主句，我们可以用when，while或as引导从句。(2)如果持续性动作是主句，我们用when引导从句。【例题精讲】例1. I was playing football when my father came to see me.我父亲来看我时我正在踢足球。例2. He was reading while l was surfing on the Internet.他在看书时我在上网。例3. As I was leaving the market, I met my friends.我正要离开市场时遇到了我的朋友们。例4. When/While/As he was working, I gave him a report .当他在工作时我给了他一份报告。例5. They were walking when I saw them.当我看到他们时他们在散步。[知识拓展] (1) while还有“然而”之意，主从句形成对比。(2) when有“就在此时”之意，相当于and at that time。【例题精讲】例1. He likes living in the city while I like living in the countryside. 例2. I was going out when my friend Jack came to play chess with me. 【巩固练习】( )1.Eddie was sleeping_______ Millie was reading a magazine. A. until B. while C. before D. after( )2. _______I was reading, the teacher came into the classroom.A. When B. While C. As D. A, B and C( )3. He was walking in the street_______ I happened to see him. as B. when C. while D. ForKeys: 1. B 2. D 3. B【知识梳理9】过去进行时的基本用法过去进行时的概念和用法: （一）定义： 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。结构：was/were +doing (现在分词） 否定式：was / were not + doing was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t 疑问句：将 was / were 调到主语前，结构为：Was/Were+主语+verb-ing 回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+ was not/wasn’t. were not/weren’t.（三）用法1. 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：【例题精讲】例1. We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 例2. It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。例3. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。【例题精讲】例1. What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点)例2. When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)【知识梳理10】while/when/as 与过去进行时1. when, while 和 as 这三个词都有“当……时候”的意思。【例题精讲】例1. There were fewer sandstorms when my grandparents were young. 我祖父母年轻时沙尘暴要少些。例2. While Mille was watching TV, her mum was sleeping.米莉在看电视时，妈妈在睡觉。例3. I saw a traffic accident as I was riding to school this morning.今天早晨我骑自行车时看到一起交通事故。2. when 和 as 既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间，其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的，也可以是延续性的；while指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即：指一段时间时when, while 和as都可用；指一点时间时，只能用when或as，不能用while。【例题精讲】例. 试比较：1. When/As he woke up, it was eight o’clock.(对)2. While he woke up, it was eight o’clock.（错）3. When/While/As I was waiting for a bus, I met her.（错）3. 当 while , when 和 as 放在句首时，两个句子应用逗号隔开。【例题精讲】例1. When the teacher came in, we were talking.例2. While the pig was dancing, the rabbit was jumping.例3. As the two men were leaving, a message arrived.【巩固练习】1.用所给动词的适当形式填空 It was ten o’clock on Sunday morning. The family were all in the garden. Mr King and Mrs King _______(sit) under the tree, and they__________(talk) and ______(laugh). Their son Jack ________(read) an interesting book. Their daughter Wendy _______ (play) with their dog. Everyone was happy.Keys: were sitting; were talking; laughing; was reading; was playing2.单项选择（ ）1. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell; was riding B. fell; were riding C. had fallen; rode D. had fallen; was riding （ ) 2. When I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking （ ）3.I don’ t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.
A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared （ ）4.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked Keys: ADBB【知识梳理11】Try to get out as soon as possible. 尽快想办法出去。as soon as possible的意思是_______ 。as…as possible= 意为“尽可能……”。批注：as soon as possible的意思是“尽快”，as…as possible=as…as sb. can/could意为“尽可能……”。【例题精讲】例. I will get here as early as possible.= I will get here as early as I can.【巩固练习】同义句转换He answered my letter as quickly as possible.He answered my letter as quickly_______ _______ _______.Key: as he could 【知识梳理12】Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to protect yourself from thick smoke.用湿毛巾掩住你的口鼻来保护自己不受浓烟的侵袭。cover在本句中作动词，意思是“ ”。[知识拓展] (1) cover…with…的意思是“ ”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“ ”。批注：cover在本句中作动词，意思是“盖；覆盖”。(1) cover…with…的意思是“用……覆盖……”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“……被……覆盖着”。【例题精讲】例1. The heavy snow will soon cover the road.大雪很快就会把道路覆盖。例2. She often covers her mouth with her hand when she smiles.她微笑时常用手遮住嘴。例3. Look! The river is covered with ice.【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子 1.地震之后，砖块和石头覆盖了整条公路。Bricks and stones _____________ after the earthquake.2.当打喷嚏或咳嗽时，我们应该用面巾纸遮住鼻子和嘴巴。We should______________ our nose and mouth_______ tissues when sneezing or coughing．Keys: 1. covered the whole road 2. cover; with 【知识梳理13】Do you know what to do first when we burn ourselves 当我们烧伤时，你知道首先怎么做吗？what to do为“疑问词十不定式”。“疑问词十不定式”可以和 转换。批注：“疑问词十不定式”可以和宾语从句转换。【例题精讲】例1. I want to know when to begin our meeting.我想知道我们什么时候开会。例2. They don’t know where they will buy the book. =They don’t know where to buy the book. 他们不知道去哪里买这本书。【巩固练习】同义句转换Can you tell me how can I get to the park Can you tell me_______ _______ get to the park Key: how to 【知识梳理14】I shared an umbrella with Millie.我和米莉合撑一把伞。share sth. with sb.的意思是_______。批注：share sth. with sb.的意思是“和某人共用某物；和某人共享某物”。【例题精讲】例. I share my toys and books with my friends. 【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子桑迪经常和同学们分享她的快乐。 Sandy often_______ her joy_______ her classmates.Key: shares; with 【知识梳理15】The snow kept falling. 雪在不停地下。 意为“一直不停地做某事”。批注：keep doing sth.意为“一直不停地做某事”。【例题精讲】例. The boy kept doing his homework for three hours.那男孩连续做了三个小时的作业。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他让我等了半小时。 He ______________for half an hour.Key: kept me waiting 【知识梳理16】I could hear the wind blowing．我能听见风在刮。hear sb. doing sth.意为_______。[知识拓展] hear sb. do sth.意为“ ”。批注：hear sb. doing sth.意为“听见某人在做某事”。 hear sb. do sth.意为“听到某人做某事”。【例题精讲】例1. I heard him singing when l was passing his room.当我路过他的房间时，我听到他在唱歌。例2. I often hear him read English in the morning.早上我经常听到他读英语。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子昨晚八点我听到他在打电话。 I______________ at eight last night.Key: heard him calling 【知识梳理17】I nearly fell over.我几乎摔倒了。1. nearly的意思是_______。[知识拓展] almost也表示“ ”，但almost可用于any，no，none，nobody等否定词之前，nearly一般不这样用。批注：nearly的意思是“几乎”。almost也表示“几乎”，但almost可用于any，no，none，nobody等否定词之前，nearly一般不这样用。【例题精讲】例1. He nearly hit the car.他几乎撞到了汽车。例2. Almost any man can do it.几乎任何人都会做。例3. Almost no one came to the party.几乎没有人来参加聚会。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子他远不像你想象的那么好。 He is_____________________．Key: not nearly as nice as you think2. fall over的意思是_____________________。 [辨析] fall off，fall down与fall from的区别：(1) fall off (2) fall down (3) fall from 批注：fall over的意思是“摔倒”。(1) fall off从……掉下，强调整个过程。(2) fall down掉了下来，倒地。(3) fall from从……掉下来，强调“地方”。【例题精讲】例.We all fell over in the wind.我们都在风中摔倒了。【巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我碰到了石头几乎摔倒了。 I hit the stone and______________.Key: nearly fell over【知识梳理18】关于一场自然灾难的写作【范例表达】An earthquake / A flood / A snowstorm /…hit…I was doing/…when……because of the heavy rain / snow…We could only hear / see……kept falling.Suddenly, /……had to walk slowly / pull oneself through……was really terrible.【写作框架】1. IntroductionWhere did it happen When did it happen 2. During the disaster /accidentWhere were you What did you do What did you hear What did you see What happened How did you feel 3. After the disaster /accidentWhere were you What did you hear What did you see How did you feel 批注：1. What did you do wore more clothes / rain coat / glasses called 110 / 119 / 120 hotline closed the door and windows 4. went to high places… 2. heard strong wind / big noise/ thunder3. saw the lightning / lots of smoke / sand /dark cloud / thick snow/ many people…4. What happened be trapped / be frightened crashed into… fall down / over 5. How did you feel frightened / excited / terrible/ in fear/worried/sad… screamed / shouted / calmed down…【例题精讲】书面表达 根据以下提示，报道一起交通事故。词数60 80左右。时间：昨天；地点：市中心大街第二拐角处；原因：小轿车司机开车前饮酒过量，开车时感到疲劳，以致轿车失控(lose control)，撞翻一辆自行车；伤亡人数：骑车人死亡，司机轻伤； 5.影响：市交通中断近一小时，一个完整家庭失去了他们的儿子；6.提醒：人人都要遵守(obey)交通规则(traffic rules)，因为生命是最宝贵的。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One possible version: Yesterday a car accident happened at the second, turning on the center street of the city. The driver drank too much so he felt tired, and his car lost control and then hit a bike. The person on the bike lost his life in the accident and the driver was slightly hurt. The traffic stopped for nearly an hour. The police advised us to obey traffic rules at any time, because lives are so important.【巩固练习】书面表达根据提示，以“A Disaster in My Hometown”为题写一篇短文，第四句发挥1—2点。1.2015年七月家乡发生了洪水，把村庄冲走了。水覆盖了路面。2.人们可以在街上划船，在家捕鱼。雨下了将近半个月，许多人被困，无法上学和上班。3.幸运的是，当地政府为我们提供了食物和水。4.洪水真可怕啊！我们应该……保护我们的地球。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One possible version:A Disaster in My Hometown A terrible flood hit my hometown in July, 2015. The flood washed the village away. The water covered the roads. People could even boat in the streets and catch fish in their houses. It rained for nearly half a month Many people were trapped. They couldn't go to school or go to work. Luckily, the local government provided us with food and water. How terrible the flood is! We should plant more trees to protect our earth. 【课堂检测】建议15min单项选择( )1. --________ is the weather like today --It’s _________. A. How; windy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. What; windy C. How; wind D. What; wind( )2. Last night I heard a noise _________ thunder. A. as B. like ( http: / / www. / ) C. so D. from( )3. My school is about twenty ________ walk from here. A. minute B. minutes C. minute’s D. minutes’( )4. The snowstorm killed _________ people. A. over eight hundred of B. hundreds of C. more than eight hundreds D. eight hundreds( )5. The cleaners rolled ________ their trousers and were in a hurry ________ the snow. A. up; to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) remove B. up; removed C. /; to remove D. /; removed( )6. The headmaster _________ the students to leave school early. A. made B. let C. ordered D. had( )7. You find _________ useful to learn even a little English. A. that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. it C. this D. they( )8. Tom was cleaning the room while Jack _____TV. A. was watching B. is watching C. watches D. watched( )9. You felt unhappy yesterday, __________ A. didn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you B. did you C. don’t you D. do you( )10. Shanghai________the east of China. Japan is ________the east of China. A. in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); in B. at; on C. in; to D. at; to( )11. The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re_____a large number of students in our school. The number of the students ______ three thousand. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is( )12. I don’t kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow if Tom _________ here tomorrow. If he ________, I’ll tell you. A. comes; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come( )13. The teacher told me _________when I left the classroom. A. lock the door B. to lock the door C. to knock at the door D. knock at the door( )14. The wetland can ________ food and shelter ______ plants and animals, including different kinds of birds. A. provide; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for B. provide; with C. make; for D. provides; for( )15. When I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) was working on a Maths problem, a good idea went ______my head. A. over B. in C. about D. through( )16. My mother ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )often tells me to _____________when I am in trouble. A. come down ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. slow down C. calm down D. get down( )17. They didn’t know ________ during the fear moment. A. where go to B. where to go C. go to where D. to go where( )18. -- I fell ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) off the bike and hurt myself. --____________.A. That's ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )too bad B. You were careless C. You should be careful next time D. I’m sorry to hear that( )19.When flood was washing the village, people screamed________and ran________all directions. A. in fear; with B. with fear; in C. in fear; in D. with fear; with( )20. The earthquake ______ when I _______some cleaning. A. starts; was doing B. started; was doing C. was starting; was doing D. starts; were doingKeys: 1-5 BBDBA 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 DBBAD 16-20CBDCB 教学建议：1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结；2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。【要点回顾】一、as soon as possible的意思是“尽快”，as…as possible=as…as sb. can/could意为“尽可能……”。二、cover在本句中作动词，意思是“盖；覆盖”。(1) cover…with…的意思是“用……覆盖……”。(2)…be covered with…的意思是“……被……覆盖着”。三、keep doing sth.意为“一直不停地做某事”。【温故知新】建议5min课后巩固一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. My brother_______ (do) his homework when I left my house.2. _______ he_______ (watch) while his mother_______ (cook) 3. While we_______ (wait) for the bus, a girl_______ (run) up to us.4. As I_______ (walk) in the park, it _______ (begin) to rain.5. I_______ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.Keys: 1. was doing 2. Was, watching, was cooking 3. were waiting, ran 4. was walking, began 5. was having 二、单项选择( )1. A truck crashed_______ a tree this morning. A. to B. into C. at D. /( )2. A terrible traffic accident happened_______ Lily. Luckily, she was not badly hurt. A. with B. on C. to D. at( )3. The floor is very dirty. Will you please_______ A. mop it up B. mop up it C. to mop it up D. to mop up it( )4. In the past, few people knew that the earth_______ around the sun. A. moved B. had moved C. moves D. was moving( )5. Tom was playing football on the road. A car was coming, Jack called to Tom, “Look out!” Here “look out” means_______.A. 向外看 B. 当心 C. 向前看 D. 抬头看Keys: 1-5 BCACB 预习思考
What's the weather like in spring/summer/autumn/winter
What can you do
E.g. In spring, it's warm and windy. I can fly kites, plant trees and go on a school trip.
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Are you ready
U7重点：……
What are the important languages points of Unit3-8
U8重点：……