突破09 非谓语动词-2023年中考英语复习语法知识专项突破（含解析）

2023年中考英语复习语法知识专项突破(通用版)
09非谓语动词
【知识突破】
1. 动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。
2. 动词不定式
① 形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。它的否定形式只要在“to” 前面加上“not”。它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。*它的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。
② 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。
③ 动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)/ It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/ It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)
④ 动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。
[A] 及物动词+不定式一般形式：
谓语动词(vt.) +不定式 (作宾语) [说 明]
want(想) / try(试图) / decide(决定) / would like(想要) / hope(希望) / love(喜爱) / learn(学会) / afford(提供) / agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / mean(意味着) / prefer(宁愿) / wish(希望) + to (do) (无)
help(帮助) to可以省略
begin(开始)/ start(开始)/hate(憎恨) 也可跟动名词,意义变化不大
forget(忘记) / remember(记得)/ like(总爱) 也可跟动名词,意义变化较大
如：I would like to have a rest at the moment.(我现在想休息一下)/ They began to search the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)/ He liked to have a swim in the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)/ When did you learn to speak English (你什么时候开始学英语的？)/ Don’t forget to close the door when you leave.(你离开时别忘了关门
[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)/ He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了) / Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电话.)(还没打电话) / I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)
[B] 及物动词+疑问词+不定式：
谓语动词(vt.) +wh-疑问词+不定式 (作宾语) [说明]
tell (告诉) / show (显示) / know (知道) / ask (问) / find out (发现) / understand (明白) / wonder(疑惑) / learn(学会) / forget(忘记) / remember(记得) / teach sb.(教某人) / discuss(商讨) what where + how + to (do) who which …… 不定式疑问形式还可以作句子的主语、表语等。
如：He does not know which one to take.(他不知道该选哪个)/ Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)/ She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)/ Can you teach me how to search the internet (你能教我怎样上网吗？)
[C] 不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则后置。如： I found it not very easy to learn to ride a bike.(我发现学骑车不很容易)
⑤ 动词不定式可以在句子中用作定语,放在名词或代词后面。
[A] 记住下面的一些结构：
被修饰部分 + 不定式(作后置定语) 汉 语 意 思
a key to lock the door 锁门的钥匙
a box to hold these things 装这些东西的箱子
give her a book to read 给她一本书读
Is there any (+名词/代词) to (do) 有…要(做的)吗
It’s time to go. 是走的时间了。/ 该走了。
Do you have any work to do 你有工作要做吗
I’d like something to eat. 我要点儿吃的。
I have nothing to say. 我没有话要说。
Would you like something to drink 你要点儿喝的吗？
[B] 在这种情况下,如果不定式动词是不及物动词,则后面必须加介词。如：
They could not find a place to live in.(他们找不到住的地方)/ Please give me a chair to sit on.(请给我一张椅子坐坐)/ He has got a writing brush to write with.((他找到了写字的毛笔)
⑥ 动词不定式可以在句子中用作状语,有下列几种情况：
[A] 放在不及物动词(come, go, stop, finish, wait等词)的后面。如：He came to see her yesterday.(他昨天来看望她)(表示来的目的)/ I stopped to have a rest.(我停下来休息一会儿)(表示停下来的目的)
[B] 放在完整的谓语之后(即“谓语+宾语”、“谓语+宾语+补语”、“动词+表语”之后)。如：We cleaned the room to let him play in it.(我们打扫了房间以便让他在里面玩)/ I opened the window to see more clearly.(我打开窗子以便看得更清楚点儿)
[C] 有时表示目的的不定式短语可以放在句首。如：To arrive there on time, I got up one hour earlier than usual.(为了按时到达,我们比平时早起了一个小时)(表示早起的目的)
[注意] stop to do 与stop doing的不同。如：They stopped to have a look.(他们停下来看看)(不定式作“停下来”的目的状语)/ They stopped looking out of the window and began to listen to the teacher.(他们停止向窗外望,开始听老师讲课)(动名词作宾语,表示“停止”的内容)
⑦ 动词不定式可以在句子中用作表语,限用于连系动词之后。如：My job is to keep the goal.(我的工作就是守住球门)
⑧ 动词不定式可以在句子中用作复合宾语中的宾语补足语。
谓 语 动 词(vt.) + 宾语 (人 / 物) +不定式 (作宾语补足语)
ask(请) / tell(关照) / teach(教) / want(想要) / would like(想要) / get(让) / help(帮) / invite(邀请) / like(喜欢) / warn(警告) / +sb. / sth. +to (do)
make(使得) / let(让) / hear(听) / see(看) / feel(感觉) / watch(观看)/ have(使得) / help(帮助) +sb. / sth. + (do)
如：Mum asked me to help her with the cooking.(妈妈叫我帮助她做饭)/ I would like you to see my parents.(我想要你见见我的父母)/ The boss often made the workers work 14 hours a day.(老板常让工人们一天工作14小时)/ Now let me hear you play the violin.(现在让我来听你拉小提琴)
[注意] help之后作宾补的不定式符号to可以省略；hear / see / feel / watch之后的宾补用不定式与现在分词时,含义不同,需特别注意,(参见现在分词部分)。试比较：
I heard her crying when I walked past.(我路过时听到她正在哭)(指当时瞬间的情况)
I sat near her and heard her sing the new song.(我坐在她附近听她唱新歌)(指整个过程)
3. 动名词
① 动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。动名词加相关词语(宾语或状语等)构成动名词短语。
② 动名词可以作主语。一般可用it作形式主语而将动名词短语后移。如：Learning English all by yourself is not so easy.(自学好英语不那么容易)(=It is not so easy learning English all by yourself.)
③ 动名词可以作宾语。
[A] want / need之后用动名词时,含有被动意思。如：Your car needs repairing badly.(你的车急需修理。)(被修)My hair needs cutting.(我要理发。)(头发被理)
[B] remember / forge / stop / finish之后用动名词时,与用不定式含义不同。如：I forgot to write a letter to him.(我忘了给他写封信)(根本没写) / I forgot writing a letter to him.(我忘了给他写过信)(写了却忘了) / They stopped to look back.(他们停下来向后看)(停下的目的是向后看) / They stopped looking back.(他们停止向后看)(不向后看了)
[C] enjoy / mind / keep / hate/ go等词一般用动名词作宾语。如：Do you mind my closing the door (把门关上你介意吗？)/ She hates travelling by air.(她讨厌坐飞机旅行)/ They went swimming every afternoon.(他们每天下午去游泳)/ I enjoy walking around the town.(我喜欢在镇上转悠)
[D] like / love / start / begin / learn后面用动名词时,与用不定式意思相近或相同。如：We began to study English when we were at primary school.(我们在小学时就开始学英语了) / We began studying English when we were at primary school. (我们在小学时就开始学英语了)
④ 动名词可以作表语,此时特别注意不要与现在进行时混淆。如：My job is putting these parts together.(我的事情是把这些部件拼起来) / I am putting these parts together.(我正在把这些部件拼起来)
⑤ 动名词与现在分词构成相同,但是含义不同,动名词主要表示事情,而现在分词则主要表示进行着的动作。如：Eating too much is not good for your health. (动名词短语,作主语) / Seeing is believing.(动名词短语,分别作主语和表语) / He ran after a moving bus and got onto it.(现在分词,作定语) / His father saw him sitting on some eggs.(现在分词,作宾补)
4. 分词： 包含现在分词和过去分词。(高中学习重点)
① 主要区别：现在分词一般有主动的意思或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动 作已经完成的意思。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语。
② 分词或分词短语在句子中作定语、状语和复合宾语等。
[A] 作定语：分词作定语时,一般要放在修饰的名词之前,分词短语作定语时,则要放在所修饰的名词之后。 如：I have got a running nose.(我流鼻涕) / The woman running after the thief shouted very loudly,“Stop the thief!”(跟着小偷追的妇女大喊：捉小偷！) / Yesterday I met a man called Mr. Black.(昨天我遇见了一个名叫布莱克先生的人)/ He only gave me a broken glass, so I was very angry with him.(他只给了我一个坏玻璃杯,所以我很生他的气)
[B] 现在分词可以作下列动词的宾语补足语。(参考不定式作宾语补足语)
谓语动词(vt.) 宾语 宾语补足语
keep(保持) / see(看到) / hear(听到) / watch(注意到) / feel(感觉到) sb./sth. (do)ing
如：Mum kept me working all the week.(妈妈让我一个星期都在工作)/ When I entered the room, I saw Jack eating a big pear.(我进入房间时看到杰克正在吃一只大梨子)/ In the dark I felt something very cold moving on my foot.(黑暗之中我感到有个冷的东西在我的脚上移动)
[C] 现在分词可以作状语,表示伴随情况。如：She came into the classroom, holding a pile of papers in her hand.(他走进教室,手上抓着一沓纸)/ I am very busy these days getting ready for the coming oral test.(这些日子我正忙着准备即将来到的口语考试)
[D] 过去分词可以作表语,放在连系动词后面,但要注意不要与被动语态混淆,“主系表”主要表示状态,而被动语态则表示动作。常用过去分词作表语的结构有：be worried (焦虑) / be pleased (高兴) / be tired (疲劳) / get dressed (打扮好) / get lost (迷路) / get caught (遭遇) / become frustrated (沮丧) / become interested in (对……感兴趣)等等。例略。
[E] 过去分词可以作宾语补足语。如：I had my hair cut this morning.(今天早上我让人给我理了发)(注意：have sth. done表示动作由别人来做,而have done sth.则为现在完成时的结构,两个结构不可以混淆)
【能力突破】
1. —Do you like ________ TV
—No, I don’t.
A. watch B. watching C. watches D. watched
2. — Can you sing a song for us, Mary
— Sorry, I can’t. I am not good at ________.
A. sing B. singing C. sings D. sung
3. You need to brush your ________ after ________.
A. tooth; eat B. teeth; eating C. teeth; eat
4. —The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance to show ourselves.
—You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing C. to sing D. sang
5. —What will you do after you graduate from college
—I want to be an artist. But my mother advises me ________ an art teacher.
A. becoming B. becomes C. will become D. to become
6. Half- time is a ______ for players ______.
A. ten minutes period ; to rest B. ten-minutes period ; rest
C. ten-minute period ; to rest D. ten-minute-period ; to rest
7. Mr White was so busy ________ in his office that he wasn’t able to go to a movie with his son.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
8. He hurried back home ________ his schoolbag.
A. fetched B. to fetch
C. fetching D. fetches
9. —_______ heads means No in China but Yes in India.
—Sounds interesting.
A. Shaking B. Moving C. Hitting D. Washing
10. It takes Amy about twenty minutes ________ home every day.
A. to walk B. walk C. walk to D. to walk to
11. I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school.
A. work B. works C. working D. to work
12. —It’s time ________ class.
—OK, let’s ________ now.
A. for, going B. to, go C. for, go D. to, go
13. —Have you finished your work I want to go shopping with you.
—I’m almost finished, but I have to finish ________ this email to Mark. Please give me ________ five minutes.
A. send; other B. sending; another C. sending; other D. send, another
14. Sometimes the teacher knocks on the blackboard lightly to catch our_________.
A. action B. attention C. information D. suggestion
15. —Would you like ________ shopping with me
—Yes, I’d love to.
A. go B. to go C. goes D. going
16. It takes him 3 hours ________ the book.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
17. My parents ________ strawberries and my cousin ________ tomatoes.
A. like; like eat B. likes; likes to eat C. likes; like eating D. like; likes eating
18. The students decided ________ for a volunteer after-school reading program.
A. trying out B. try out C. to try out D. tried out
19. This plan is well worth ________.
A. consider B. considering C. considers D. to consider
20. —Let’s ________ on Sunday.
—Great!
A. meets B. meet C. to meet D. meeting
21. Though the farm work is hard, we aim _________ it before 6:00 p.m.
A. finishing B. finishes C. to finish D. finish
22. Most of us enjoy ________ to our mothers’ speak, because our brains greatly prefer the voices of our own mothers.
A. listening B. listen C. to listen
23. It’s dangerous _________ in the sea alone.
A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims
24. Don’t forget ________ today’s newspaper. You are on the news.
A. to read B. reading C. not to read D. read
25. The engineers will keep ________ the project with the manager of the company.
A. discuss B. discussed C. discussing D. to discuss
26. —What are you doing, Lucy
—I’m watching my father ________ chess with my grandpa.
A. play B. to play C. plays D. playing
27. —Mario, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It’s dangerous for us ______ it while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered
28. They’d like ________ basketball after school.
A. playing B. to play C. play D. plays
29. —What did they go there for
— ________ the old people there clean their rooms.
A. To help B. Helping C. Help
30. Our teacher often advises us ________ the habit of taking notes while we are reading.
A. to develop B. develop C. developing D. developed
31. —On Monday, our English teacher always lets us ________ a report.
—Oh, what is the report about
A. to give B. give C. to make D. make
32. We all need to know ________ to do if there is an earthquake.
A. how B. what C. which D. whether
33. My house is far from my school. I want _________ a room.
A. count B. to count C. to rent D. rent
34. Ma Yang said he had difficulty ________ with people in Britain.
A. communicate B. in communicating C. to communicate D. with communicate
35. It’s better for us to use solar power ________ the car.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive
36. Our teacher told us ________ food.
A. to waste B. waste C. not to waste D. not waste
37. Do you want _______the chess club
A. join B. join in C. to join D. to take part in
38. He has invited us ________ a picnic with his family in August.
A. having B. have C. to have D. had
39. Lisa plans_____________ a new picture next week.
A. draw B. to draw C. drawing
40. Jim asked Lily ________ forget to complete her task on time.
A. to not B. don’t C. not to
41. Would you please give us something _______
A. to drink B. drinking C. drink D. drunk
42. I advised her ________ so much time choosing what to wear every morning.
A. to not spend B. not to spend C. not spend D. didn’t spend
43. It’s good ________ by using the Internet, but don’t spend too much time on it.
A. relax B. to relax C. relaxed D. relaxing
44. What about ________ the Reading Club
A. join B. to join C. joining D. joins
45. —I have something ________ her. Could you ask her ________ me back
—No problem.
A. to tell; calling B. telling; to call C. to tell, to call D. telling; calling
46. Don’t forget _________ your book here tomorrow.
A. carrying B. getting C. to take D. to bring
47. —Would you mind ________ your bike
—________. I’ll put it under the tree right away.
A. move; Sorry B. to move; Yes
C. moving; Of course not D. moving; Sorry
48. — Have you asked the policeman ________
— Yes, he told us to turn left on to Main Street. It’s on the right.
A. how to get to the nearest bank.
B. where can we find a bank
C. when we can go to the nearest bank
49. I saw Nick ________ in the music room just now.
A. dancing B. to dance C. dances
50. To save the little girl, the young man jumped into the river without ________ his coat.
A. putting on B. take off C. put on D. taking off
51. He needs _________ more to make his Chinese better.
A. to practice speaking B. to practice to speak C. practicing to speak D. practice speaking
52. Tommy often ________ funny stories to make us ________ a lot.
A. tells; laugh B. says; laugh C. tells; to laugh D. says; to laugh
53. The World Health Organization has given some advice on how to protect us from ________ infected (感染) with H7N9.
A. be B. being C. to be D. are
54. The middle exam is coming soon, so I’m busy ________ it these days.
A. preparing with B. prepare with C. preparing for D. prepare for
55. Our teacher told us _________ our parents for money.
A. can’t ask B. don’t ask C. not to ask D. didn’t ask
56. The community worker is patient enough ________ to the old how to use Health Code(码).
A. explain B. explains C. to explain D. explaining
57. We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger.
A. 状语 B. 表语 C. 宾语
58. Ten years ago, my Grandma lived in the countryside, but now she ________ in modern cities.
A. used to live B. uses to live C. is used to live D. is used to living
59. The river smells terrible. People must ________ dirty things into it.
A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing
C. stop to throw D. be stopped from throw
60. The boy didn’t know ________ with the math problem, so he asked his teacher for help.
A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. which to do
61. — Why do many farmers put their products online these days
— ________ more people buy them.
A. Let B. Letting C. To let
62. Some people enjoy ________ in the city, but ________ don’t.
A. to live; the other B. living; the others C. living; others D. to live; other
63. —The famous Notre Dame Cathedral caught a big fire on April 15,2019.
—What a pity! I wonder how much difficulty French people may have _________ it.
A. repair B. to repair C. repairing D. repaired
64. —Your dream is to be a singer, right
—Yes, and I will spend as much time as I can ________ singing.
A. practising B. practise C. to practise D. to practising
65. —Li Hua used to ___ in the morning. But now he is used to ____ in the evening.
A. read; read B. reading; read C. read; reading D. reading; reading
66. There are many things ________ in our city.
A. doing B. done C. to do D. do
67. It usually takes us twenty minutes ________ our classroom every day.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans
68. A lot of doctors and soldiers offered ________ to the front line to help the people in need.
A. to going B. going C. went D. to go
69. As a professional basketball player, LeBron James did what he could do to help his team win the finals. 划线部分作_______.
A. 状语 B. 定语 C. 宾语
70. In the past the poor didn’t have warm houses ________.
A. to live in it B. to live in
C. living in D. to live in them
71. When the little baby saw her mother ________, she couldn’t help ________.
A. coming; laughing B. come; to laugh C. comes; laughs D. came; laughing
72. In order to protect wildlife, we should first let more people understand the importance of it. The underlined part is used to ________.
A. express a result B. express a purpose C. give a reason D. give an example
73. Don’t ________, we are halfway to ________.
A. worry about the problems, solving them B. worry the problems about, solving them
C. worry about the problems, solve them D. worry the problems about, solve them
74. The government advises people to follow the seven-step hand-washing method ________ healthy.
A. keep B. to keep C. keeping
75. There used to ________ a lot of kids ________ in the garden, but now it becomes very quiet.
A. be; playing B. have; playing
C. be; play D. be; were playing
76. Although Tony tried __________ to the teacher. __________ he didn’t hear anything.
A. to listen: but B. to listen; / C. listen; but
77. Can you help me ________ the room
A. clean B. to cleaning C. cleaning D. with cleaning
78. It’s really interesting _______ game shows.
A. watches B. to watch C. watch
79. We should never give up to achieve our dreams.
A. try B. to try C. trying D. tried
80. Many doctors from Jiangsu went to Xi’an ________ help for the local hospitals several days ago.
A. provide B. providing C. to provide D. provides
81. When I came into the room, I saw him ________ TV.
A. watching B. watch C. to watch D. watched
82. There are no ways she can come up ________ herself out.
A. with to help B. to help C. with helping D. to helping
83. The physics problem is too difficult. Can you tell us ________
A. how to do B. to how do it C. how to do it D. to how do
84. If you want to get good scores on your exams, you should avoid ________ careless mistakes.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
85. Their parents don’t allow them_______ in the river because it’s really dangerous.
A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swam
86. He doesn’t know ________ the broken computer.
A. how to do with B. how can they deal with
C. how to deal with D. how they can do with
87. — Would you mind not ________ noise Alice is sleeping.
— Sorry, I didn’t know. I ________ she was awake.
A. make; think B. making; thought C. making; think
88. You must get your bedroom _____ every day.
A. to clean B. cleaned C. to be cleaned D. cleaning
89. I think the best way ____________is taking part in(参加) outdoor activities.
A. to relax B. relaxing C. relaxed D. relaxes
90. The young man ________ by the police is her husband.
A. caught B. was caught C. catching D. was catching
91. Don’t worry. We will do anything we can ________ you.
A. help B. to help C. be helped D. helped
92. — Come and see! The baby is crying.
—Please do something to make him .
A. stop crying B. stop to cry C. crying D. cry
93. Sometimes you have to stop too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A. think B. to think C. thinking
94. —Hello, Lucy, please give me some ____ on how to improve my English!
—You’d better keep ___ more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read
C. advice; reading D. advices; reading
95. —What’s wrong with Jane
—Her friends went to a party without her, so she feels ________.
A. leave out B. left out C. leave for D. left for
96. My dog likes________, but it never _______ me.
A. to bark; bark at B. barking; bark
C. barking; barks at D. barking at; barks
97. He appeared ________ my advice.
A. accept B. accepted C. accepting D. to accept
98. Mr. White finished _________ invitation cards for the celebration
party five minutes ago.
A. write B. wrote C. writing D. to write
99. It is better to ask someone for advice than ________ something.
A. risk doing B. risk to do C. to risk doing D. to risk to do
100. Tim couldn’t speak French at all. When he was in Paris, he couldn’t make himself ______.
A. understand B. understanding C. understood
参考答案
1. B
【解析】句意：——你喜欢看电视吗？——不，我不喜欢。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语like doing sth“喜欢做某事”。故选B。
2. B
【解析】句意：——玛丽，你能为我们唱首歌吗？——对不起，我不能。我不擅长唱歌。
考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”，符合句意，故选B。
3. B
【解析】句意：你饭后需要刷牙。
考查可数名词复数及介词用法。brush one’s teeth“刷牙”；介词after后接动名词eating作宾语。故选B。
4. A
【解析】句意：——艺术节要来了。这是一个展示自己的好机会。——你很会唱歌。 你将成为最受欢迎的明星。
考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选A。
5. D
【解析】句意：——你大学毕业后要去做什么？——我想成为一名画家。但我妈妈建议我去当一名美术老师。
考查非谓语动词。根据“advises me ... an art teacher”可知考查advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事” ，其中to do为不定式，作宾语补足语。故选D。
6. C
【解析】句意：中场休息时间对于球员来说就是可以休息的十分钟时间。
第一空，“十分钟时间”的意思，有两种表达方式：a ten-minute period；a ten minutes’ period。第二空，是动词不定式作后置定语修饰period，应填to rest，故选C。
7. C
【解析】句意：怀特先生在办公室里忙得不可开交，以至于没能和儿子一起去看电影。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”。故选C。
8. B
【解析】试题分析：句意：他匆忙回家去拿他的书包。hurry to do sth匆忙去干某事。根据语意和语境故选B。
考点：考查动词不定式。
9. A
【解析】句意：—— 摇头在中国表示“NO”，但是在印度表示“YES”。——听起来很有趣。
考查动名词和固定搭配。A.摇晃；B.移动；C.撞击；D.清洗。根据shake head意为摇头；此处使用动名词作主语。根据句意可知，此空是摇头的意思，此空故填Shaking，故选A。
10. A
【解析】句意：艾米每天步行回家大约要花20分钟。
考查非谓语动词。固定句型It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.表示“某人花多少时间做某事”，排除B、C项；根据“home”是地点副词可知，前面不用介词to。故选A
11. D
【解析】句意：我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”，故选D。
12. C
【解析】句意：——该到上课时间了。——好的，咱们走吧。
考查it固定句型及动词不定式。to动词不定式符号；for为了。It’s time for sth/doing sth“该到做某事的时间了”，固定句型；let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
13. B
【解析】句意：——你的工作完成了吗？我想和你一起去购物。——我快写完了，但我得把这封邮件发给马克。请再给我五分钟。
考查非谓语动词和代词。finish doing sth，使用动名词作宾语，排除AD；another+基数词+名词复数=基数词+more+名词复数。故选B。
14. B
【解析】句意：有时老师轻轻地敲黑板以引起我们的注意。
考查名词辨析。action行为；attention注意；information信息；suggestion建议。根据“Sometimes the teacher knocks on the blackboard lightly”可知老师敲黑板的目的是为了抓住我们的注意力。故选B。
15. B
【解析】句意：——你愿意和我一起去购物吗 ——是的，我很乐意。
考查固定句型。Would you like to do sth.“你愿意做某事吗”，该句型是固定句型，其中，不定式作宾语。故选B。
16. B
【解析】句意：读这本书花费了他3个小时。
考查非谓语动词。read读，阅读，是一个动词。根据句子结构可知，这句话中使用的句型是It takes sb. +一段时间+to do sth.“花费某人一段时间做某事”，因此这里应用动词不定式。故选B。
17. D
【解析】句意：我父母喜欢草莓，我表妹喜欢吃西红柿。
考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。like是动词，意为“喜欢”，My parents是主语，表示复数，句子使用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形，故排除B和C；my cousin是主语，表示单数第三人称，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式，like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。故选D。
18. C
【解析】句意：学生们决定参加课外阅读节目的志愿者选拔。
考查不定式。根据“decided”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，因此这里填不定式；try out for“参加选拔”。故选C。
19. B
【解析】句意：这个计划很值得考虑。
考查动词短语后加动名词的用法。be worth doing sth.表示“什么值得去做”。be worth considering“值得考虑”。故选B。
20. B
【解析】句意：——让我们周日见。——好的！
考查非谓语动词。根据Let’s do sth.“让我们做某事”可知，此空应填省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
21. C
【解析】句意：虽然农活很辛苦，但我们打算在下午6点前完成。
考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.“打算做某事”，故选C。
22. A
【解析】句意：我们大多数人都喜欢听母亲说话，因为我们的大脑更喜欢自己母亲的声音。
考查非谓语动词。listen听，是不及物动词，常与介词to连用构成短语listen to...“听……”。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，是固定搭配。此处用动名词作宾语。故选A。
23. B
【解析】句意：一个人在海里游泳是危险的。
考查非谓语动词。固定句式：It’s+形容词+to do sth表示“做某事是……的”，动词不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语，故选B。
24. A
【解析】句意：不要忘记读今天的报纸，你上新闻了。
考查不定式用法。此处根据题意可知是不要忘记去做某事，表示“忘记要去做某事”应用句式forget to do sth，故选A。
25. C
【解析】句意：工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。
考查非谓语动词。discuss原形；discussed一般过去式、过去分词；discussing动名词、现在分词；to discuss不定式；keep doing sth 继续做某事，可知此处填动名词；故选C。
26. D
【解析】句意：——Lucy，你正在做什么？——我正在看我父亲与祖父下棋。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I’m watching my father … chess with my grandpa”可知，看见父亲与祖父正在下棋，强调正在进行的动作，用watch sb. doing sth表示“看某人正在做某事”，故选D。
27. B
【解析】句意：——马里奥，你的手机响了。-——等一下。在穿过马路时接电话是危险的。
考查非谓语动词。句子是固定句型“it’s+adj. +for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是……”；可知此处填不定式；故选B。
28. B
【解析】句意：放学后他们想去打篮球。
考查非谓语动词。表达“想做某事”用短语“would like to do”，空处用动词不定式“to play”。故选B。
29. A
【解析】句意：——他们去那里做什么？——为了帮助那里的老人打扫房间。
考查非谓语动词。根据“What did they go there for ”可知，此处是问去那里的“目的”，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
30. A
【解析】句意：我们的老师经常建议我们养成读书时记笔记的习惯。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语advise sb. to do sth.“建议某事做某事”，故选A。
31. B
【解析】句意：——在周一，我们的英语老师总是让我们作报告。——哦，报告是关于什么的？
考查非谓语动词及动词短语。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，give a report“作报告”；根据“lets us”可知其后应用动词原形，表示“让我们做某事”。故选B。
32. B
【解析】句意：如果发生了地震，我们都需要知道做什么。
考查疑问代词。 how 怎么样； what什么； which 哪一个； whether是否。句子用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构作宾语。表达在地震时应“做什么”，用“what”。故选B。
33. C
【解析】句意：我家离学校很远。我想租一间房子。
考查动词辨析以及非谓语动词。count数数；rent租。want to do sth“想要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，排除A和D选项。根据“My house is far from my school. I want … a room”可知，家离学校很远，所以想租一间房子，故选C。
34. B
【解析】句意：马阳说他在英国与人们交流有困难。have difficulty in doing sth.“做某事有困难”，communicate with sb.“与某人交流”。故选B。
35. C
【解析】句意：对我们来说，使用太阳能驾驶轿车更好。
考查动词不定式。根据“use solar power”可知使用太阳能是为了驾驶车，用动词不定式“to drive”作目的状语。故选C。
36. C
【解析】句意：我们老师告诉我们不要浪费食物。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：tell sb. (not) to do sth.表示“告诉某人（不）做某事”，根据常识，老师教导学生不要浪费食物，故选C。
37. C
【解析】句意：你想参加象棋俱乐部吗
考查动词不定式。join 多指参加组织、团体、党派等，后面也可以跟人，表示和某人一起（参加活动）；take part in多指参加一般的活动、运动、聚会、会议等等。一般可以和 join in 互换。根据want to do sth表示“想要做什么”，结合“want _______the chess club”可知此处缺动词不定式，所以排除A、B；结合“the chess club”可知此处用“ join”。故选C。
38. C
【解析】句意：他邀请我们八月份和他的家人去野餐。短语invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人去做某事”，短语have a picnic“去野餐”，故选C。
39. B
【解析】句意：丽萨计划下周画一幅新的画。
考查动词不定式。draw动词原形；to draw动词不定式；drawing动名词。表示“计划做某事”用plan to do表示，此处用to draw。故选B。
40. C
【解析】句意：吉姆让莉莉不要忘记按时完成她的任务。
考查动词不定式的否定。根据空后的“forget to complete her task on time”可知，此处应指不要忘记按时完成她的任务，所以空处应表示否定。再根据空前的“ask”可知，ask sb. not to do sth.让某人不要做某事，固定搭配。故选C。
41. A
【解析】句意：请给我们点喝的好吗？
考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，give为该句的谓语动词，空格处应为非谓语动词，修饰前面的something，作后置定语，应用动词不定式形式。故选A。
42. B
【解析】句意：我建议她每天早上不要花那么多时间选择穿什么。
考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事，否定是advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事，因此空处是not to spend。故选B。
43. B
【解析】句意：上网放松是好的，但不要花太多时间在网上。
考查非谓语。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是什么样子的”。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。故选B。
44. C
【解析】句意：加入读书俱乐部怎么样呢？
考查非谓语动词。what about doing sth“做某事怎么样”，固定用法，所以用动名词作宾语。故选C。
45. C
【解析】句意：——我有些事告诉她。你能让她给我回电话吗？——没问题。
考查不定式用法。第一个空用不定式作后置定语；第二个空，ask sb to do sth表示“让某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故选C。
46. D
【解析】句意：别忘了明天把你的书带来。
考查动词辨析。carry提、抬；get得到；take拿走，指“离说话地点越来越远”；bring拿来，指“离说话地点越来越近”；forget to do sth“忘记要去做某事”，动作还没有做；forget doing something“忘记做过某事”，说话的时候动作已完成；根据“tomorrow”可知此处指“动作还未完成”，排除A和B；根据“here”可知此处指“靠近说话人方向”，排除C。故选D。
47. C
【解析】句意：——你介意挪一下你的自行车吗？——当然不介意。我马上把它放在树下。
考查非谓语动词和情景交际。move“移动”，mind doing sth“介意做某事”；Sorry对不起；Yes是的；Of course not当然不；根据“I’ll put it under the tree right away.”可知，我不介意搬一下我的自行车，故选C。
48. A
【解析】句意：——你问过警察怎么到最近的银行了吗？——是的，他让我们向左转到主街。银行在右边。
考查疑问词+不定式。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B；根据答语“Yes, he told us to turn left on to Main Street. It’s on the right.”可知，是在问路，故选A。
49. A
【解析】句意：我刚才看见尼克在音乐室跳舞。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I saw Nick ... in the music room just now.”可知，此处强调看到某人正在做某事，用see sb. doing sth.结构，故选A。
50. D
【解析】句意：为了救这个小女孩，这个年轻人没有脱掉外套就跳进河里。
考查短语辨析及动名词作宾语。“without”是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故排除B和C项。put on穿上；take off脱下。根据“jumped into the river without...”可知是没有脱外套。故选D。
51. A
【解析】句意：他需要多练习说，以提高汉语水平。
考查非谓语动词。practice练习；speak说。need to do sth“需要做某事”，排除C和D，practice doing sth“练习做某事”，排除B，故选A。
52. A
【解析】句意：汤米经常讲有趣的故事使我们大笑不止。
考查动词辨析以及非谓语动词。tell讲述；say说。tell stories“讲故事”，固定搭配。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故选A。
53. B
【解析】句意：世界卫生组织给出一些关于如何保护我们免受H7N9的感染的建议。
考查非谓语动词。“from”是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，protect sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故选B。
54. C
【解析】句意：期中考试很快要到了，因此这些天我忙着准备考试。
考查非谓语动词及动词短语。be busy doing sth表示“忙于做某事”，动名词作宾语，排除B和D；prepare for sth表示“为……做准备”。故选C。
55. C
【解析】句意：老师告诉我们不要向父母要钱。
考查非谓语。tell sb. (not) to do sth.“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，不定式作宾补，故选C。
56. C
【解析】句意：社区工作人员有足够的耐心向老人讲解健康码的使用方法。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：be+形容词+enough to do sth“足够……做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语，故选C。
57. A
【解析】句意：我们向父母大声喊叫，让他们知道有危险。
考查句子结构。“向父母大声喊叫”的目的是让他们知道有危险，划线部分作目的状语，故选A。
58. D
【解析】句意：十年前，我奶奶住在农村，现在她已经习惯了现代城市的生活。
考查非谓语动词。used to do“过去常常做某事”；be used to do“被用来做某事”；be used to doing“习惯于做某事”。根据“Ten years ago, my Grandma lived in the countryside, but now she…in modern cities.”可知，此处表示的是“习惯了现代城市的生活”。故选D。
59. B
【解析】句意：这条河闻起来太臭了。必须阻止人们往河里扔脏东西。
考查被动语态和动词短语。主语people与动词stop“停止”之间是被动关系，故应用含有情态动词的被动语态must be done，排除C；stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，排除AD。故选B。
60. A
【解析】句意：这个男孩不知道该如何处理这道数学题，所以他向老师求助。
考查疑问词辨析。how to do如何做；what to do做什么；where to do何地做；which to do做哪个。根据“The boy didn’t know…with the math problem”可知，此处是指如何处理数学题，用how to do。故选A。
61. C
【解析】句意：——最近农家为什么会把产品放到网上 ——为了让更多人购买。
考查动词不定式。Let让，动词原形；Letting现在分词或动名词；To let动词不定式。根据问句“Why do many farmers put their products online these days ”可知，此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式表目的，故选C。
62. C
【解析】句意：有些人喜欢住在城市里，但有些人不喜欢。
考查非谓语动词以及代词辨析。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。others其他的人或物；the others其他的人或物，特指剩余的全部。some...others“一些……另一些……”，故选C。
63. C
【解析】句意：——2019年4月15日，著名的巴黎圣母院发生了大火。——真遗憾！我想知道法国人修理它会有多大困难。
考查非谓语动词。repair修理，动词原形；to repair动词不定式；repairing动名词/现在分词；repaired过去式/过去分词。根据句子结构可知，这句话中how much引导宾语从句，从句中使用了句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，因此这里用动名词形式。故选C。
64. A
【解析】句意：——你的梦想是成为一名歌手，对吗？——是的，因此我会花尽可能多的时间练习唱歌。
考查非谓语动词。根据“spend as much time as I can”可知，句子用“spend time (in) doing”结构，表示“花费时间做某事”，“in”可以省略，此处用动名词“practising”。故选A。
65. C
【解析】句意：—李华以前早上读书。但现在他习惯了晚上读书。
考查非谓语动词。短语used to do sth.：过去做某事，曾经做某事；be used to doing sth.：习惯于做某事。结合句意可知填read; reading；选C。
66. C
【解析】句意：在我们市有很多事要做。doing表示正在做，done表示被做，to do表示将要做。此处作后置定语修饰名词things,结合句意，表示将要做，故用to do。故选C。
67. B
【解析】句意：我们每天通常花费二十分钟打扫教室。
考查非谓语动词。clean动词原形；to clean动词不定式；cleaning动名词形式；cleans动词单三式。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人多长时间干某事”，固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填B。
68. D
【解析】句意：许多医生和护士主动去前线帮助有需要的人。
考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth.意为“主动做某事”，此处接动词不定式作宾语，故选D。
69. A
【解析】句意：作为一名职业篮球运动员，勒布朗·詹姆斯竭尽所能帮助球队赢得总决赛。
考查句子成分。“help his team win the finals”是“LeBron James did what he could do”的目的，所以划线部分的不定式作目的状语，故选A。
70. B
【解析】句意：在过去，穷人没有温暖的房子可供居住。
考查动词不定式to do作后置定语。根据“In the past the poor didn’t have warm houses…”可知，本题考查动词不定式to do作后置定语的用法。“to live”作后置定语修饰“houses”，与houses构成动宾关系，不及物动词live后须加介词in。故选B。
71. A
【解析】句意：当这个婴儿看见她妈妈来了，忍不住笑了起来。
考查固定搭配和宾语补足语。根据“when”可知，是看见某人正在做某事，因此“see sb. doing sth.”符合句意，用现在分词作宾语补足语；再者根据“禁不住做某事：can’t help doing sth.”可知， laughing符合句意。故选A。
72. B
【解析】句意：为了保护野生动物，我们首先应该让更多的人了解它的重要性。划线部分是用来表达一个目的。
考查句子成分。express a result表达一个结果；express a purpose表达一个目的；give a reason给出一个原因；give an example给出一个例子。in order to do sth“为了做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
73. A
【解析】句意：不要担心这些问题，我们已经解决了一半。
考查动词短语及非谓语动词。worry about sth.“担心某事”，故排除B和D选项。be halfway to doing sth.“完成某事的一半”，动名词作宾语。故选A。
74. B
【解析】句意：政府建议人们遵循七步洗手方法来保持健康。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The government advises people to follow the seven-step hand-washing method”可知保持健康是建议遵循七步洗手法的目的，用动词不定式to keep作目的状语。故选B。
75. A
【解析】句意：过去经常有很多孩子在花园里玩，但是现在花园里很安静。
考查非谓语动词。there used to be表示“过去曾经有”，因此第一空填be；第二空填现在分词playing作后置定语修饰“kids”。故选A。
76. B
【解析】句意：虽然托尼尽力听老师讲课，但他什么也没听见。
考查非谓语动词和连词辨析。to listen听，动词不定式形式；but但是；listen听，动词原形形式。第一个空，try to do sth“尽力做某事”，是固定搭配，因此用动词不定式to listen。第二个空，Although引导让步状语从句，不与but连用。故选B。
77. A
【解析】句意：你能帮我打扫房间吗？
考查非谓语动词。根据“help me”可知，help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，故空格处应用动词不定式或动词原形。故选A。
78. B
【解析】句意：看游戏节目真的很有趣。
考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s really interesting...game shows.”可知，此处是“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”句型，使用动词不定式作主语，故选B。
79. C
【解析】句意：我们永远不应该放弃努力实现我们的梦想。
考查非谓语动词。根据“We should never give up”可知，give up doing“放弃做”，故选C。
80. C
【解析】句意：几天前，许多江苏医生去西安为当地医院提供帮助。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Many doctors from Jiangsu went to Xi’an...help for the local hospitals several days ago.”可知许多江苏医生去西安是为了给当地医院提供帮助，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
81. A
【解析】句意：当我进房间的时候，我看见他在看电视。根据see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”，see sb. do sth.看见某人做过某事，根据表示时间点的时间状语从句“When I came into the room”选择，可知是看见他在看电视；故选A。
【点睛】see sb. /sth. do sth看见某人某物做过某事，例如：I often saw him play football.我经常看见他踢足球。see sb./sth. doing sth.看见某人某物在做某事，例如：I see him playing football when I go to the playground.当我去操场时，我看见他在踢足球。同样用法的单词还有hear/notice/find等。
82. A
【解析】句意：她想不出办法来帮助自己脱离困境。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。come up with想出，是一个固定短语；根据句意可知第二空是指“想不出办法来帮助她脱离困境”，所以应用to help动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
83. C
【解析】句意：这道物理题太难了。你能告诉我们怎么做吗？
考查“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。根据句意可知，空处应是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，故排除B、D项；how是副词，不能作宾语，故动词do后要加宾语it，故排除A项。故选C。
84. B
【解析】句意：如果你想在考试中取得好成绩，你应该避免犯粗心的错误。
考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.避免做某事，此处是动名词作宾语。故选B。
85. C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的父母不允许他们在河里游泳，因为这的确很危险。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。故选C。
86. C
【解析】句意：他不知道如何处理坏了的电脑。
考查宾语从句。此处可以用疑问词+动词不定式作宾语，也可以用how引导宾语从句。接从句要用陈述语序，排除B选项。do with通常与what一起连用，排除A和D选项，故选C。
87. B
【解析】句意：——你可不可以不要制造噪音？Alice在睡觉。——对不起，我不知道。我还以为她醒着呢。
考查动词。make制造，生产；think思索；以为。制造噪音是make noise。你介意不做某事吗？用would you mind not doing sth.所以第一个空用making。根据I didn’t know.可知我刚才不知道，那时认为她醒着，I thought我原以为。故选B。
88. B
【解析】句意：你必须每天打扫你的卧室。考查动词形式辨析题。bedroom是动词clean的受动者，需用过去分词做补语；根据句意语境，可知选B。
89. A
【解析】句意：我认为最好的放松方式就是参加户外活动。A. to relax动词不定式，放松；B. relaxing现在分词或动名词；放松；C. relaxed过去式或过去分词，放松；D. relaxes动词三单，放松。本题动词不定式to relax作the best way的定语。故选A。
90. A
【解析】句意：被警察抓住的那个年轻人是她的丈夫。
考查非谓语动词。本句中已经有谓语“is”，空格处的动词“catch”在本句中作非谓语，由“by the police”可知，主语The young man是动作catch的承受者，此处应使用过去分词作“the young man”的后置定语。故选A。
91. B
【解析】句意：别担心。我们会尽一切努力帮助你。
考查非谓语动词。分析“We will do anything we can…you.”可知，“帮助你”是目的，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
92. A
【解析】句意：——过来看看！婴儿在哭。 ——做点什么让他别哭了。
A. stop crying 停止哭；B. stop to cry停下来去哭；C. crying动名词；D. cry动词原形。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，make后跟动词原形，排除C；还考查了stop的用法。stop doing sth. 是停止做某事；stop to do sth. 是停下来做另一件事。结合语境：The baby is crying. 婴儿在哭。可知，应该是做点什么让婴儿别哭了，也就是停止哭，使用stop doing sth.。故答案选A。
93. C
【解析】句意：有时候你不要想太多，随心就好。
本题考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，stop to do sth.意为“停下来做（另一）件事”；根据句意“不要（停止）想太多”，故选C。
94. C
【解析】句意：——你好，露西，关于如何提高我的英语请给我一些建议。——你最好坚持读英语书。
考查名词的数和动词形式辨析。advice建议，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，前空可排除AD两项；后空keep doing sth.坚持做某事，是固定结构。根据句意结构，故选C。
95. B
【解析】句意：——简怎么了？——她的朋友们没带她去参加聚会，所以她感到受冷落。
考查动词短语及非谓语动词。leave out遗漏，排除，不考虑；leave for动身去。根据“Her friends went to a party without her”可知朋友们没带她去参加聚会，应是觉得被冷落、被排除在外了；主语“she”与leave out之间是动宾关系，此处用过去分词形式left在feels后充当表语。故选B。
96. C
【解析】句意：我的狗喜欢叫，但它从不对我叫。
考查非谓语动词，动词时态以及动词短语。like doing sth/to do sth“喜欢做某事”；bark吠叫；bark at朝某人吠叫。第一空填to bark或barking，第二空后接宾语me，应填短语bark at，句子是一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数形式，动词用三单，故选C。
97. D
【解析】句意：他似乎接受了我的建议。
考查非谓语。此处表达的是“似乎做某事”，英语是短语appear to do sth，所以空格用不定式作宾语，故选D。
98. C
【解析】句意：怀特先生五分钟前写完了庆祝晚会的请柬。A. write动词，写；B. wrote过去式，写； C. writing动名词，写；D. to write不定式，写。finish动词，完成；固定搭配finish doing，做完某事。故选C。
点睛：英语中，有些及物动词的宾语，只能跟动名词作宾语，而不是动词不定式，如，finish doing，enjoy doing，practice doing等。学习时，要注意总结归纳。
99. C
【解析】句意：向人征求建议比冒险去做一些事更好。
考查It固定句型和非谓语。“冒险做某事”用“risk doing sth”来表示，动名词作宾语，排除B和D；“做某事比做某事更好”用“It’s better to do sth than to do sth”句型来表示，其中动词不定式作同类比较。故选C。
100. C
【解析】句意：蒂姆根本不会说法语。当他在巴黎时，他无法让人理解他自己。
考查make的用法。固定短语make sb. done“使某人被……”，根据“When he was in Paris, he couldn’t make himself...”可知此处是指他无法使他自己被人理解，故选C。
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