人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit5 Working the Land（单元习题课件）（32张）

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选择性必修
第一册
Unit 5 Working the Land
01
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
01
1．The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water ____________ (short).[浙江2019年6月·改编]
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
shortage
句意为：大树损失最严重的地区是树木遭受水资源短缺最严重的地区。设空处作suffered的宾语，water shortage意为“用水短缺”。故填shortage。
2．A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the ____________ (assume) that they might make a nice blow up for one of the visitors' centers.[江苏2019·改编]
assumption
句意为：一位考虑周到的官员把一些复印件交给了公园管理员，认为他们可以为其中一个游客中心制造一张不错的放大图。on the assumption that 意为“假设；假定”，为固定短语。
解析
解析
3．Thanks to science, we have learnt to tell the difference between fantasy and ____________ (real).
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：多亏了科学，我们学会了区分幻想和现实。设空处与fantasy并列，作介词between的宾语，应用名词形式。故填reality。
4．It would not matter if these misjudgements were just a matter ____________ people's opinions. However, they have real impacts.
句意为：如果这些误判只是人们的观点问题，那也没有关系。然而，它们有实际的影响。a matter of... 意为“……的问题”。
reality
of
解析
解析
5．The tool is comprised ____________ four key components that enable you to achieve these results.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：该工具由四个能够让您得到这些结果的关键部件组成。be comprised of... 意为“包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)”。
6．If you want to succeed, be devoted ____________ the job after finding the proper way to do it.
句意为：如果你想成功，在找到合适的方法后，要全身心地投入到工作中去。be devoted to... 为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
of
to
解析
解析
7．____________ (give) that she was really interested in children, teaching was a proper career for her.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
given that为连词，可以用来引导从句，意为“考虑到”，故填Given。
8．It _________________ (estimate) that by 2050, this country's population will have increased by 30 million and close to 80% will live in urban areas.
句意为：据估计，到2050年，这个国家的人口将增加3，000万，而且接近80%的人口会生活在城市地区。It is estimated that... 意为“据估计……”，为常用句型。
Given
is estimated
解析
解析
9．____________ I'm concerned about most is how we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：我最关心的事是我们如何在这么短的时间内筹到这么多钱。________ I'm concerned about most是主语从句，从句中缺少about的宾语，指“……的事/东西”，应用What。
10．____________ remains doubtful whether this is an important discovery.
It在此是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。故填It。
What
It
解析
解析
Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______________ before starting a new project.
1．可再生能源是通过风、雨、潮汐等自然资源产生的。(generate)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
to be attained be taken
Renewable energy ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, such as wind, rain, tides and so on.
2．我们强调在开始一个新项目之前，必须把要达到的所有目标都考虑进去。(attain)
is generated from natural resources
into consideration
4．当你在国外时，尽可能多地了解当地人，你会发现克服文化差异会更容易。(overcome)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
Know as many local people as possible when you are abroad and you will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the culture difference.
find it easier
__________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the data, they stuck to their opinion.
3．他们确信数据的准确性，坚持自己的意见。(convince)
Convinced of the accuracy of
to overcome
6．给我印象最深的是他们在那么多困难面前从不气馁。(主语从句；impress)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ they never lost heart in the face of so many difficulties.
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ __________ ________ ________ can be used in saline and alkaline land.
It remains to be seen whether the conventional farming methods
5．传统的耕作方法是否能用于盐碱地还有待观察。(remain; conventional)
What impressed me most was that
8．只要有一点耐心，你就会成为和我们校长一样受欢迎的老师。(as＋形容词＋a/an＋名词＋as)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句表达
根据提示补全句子。
Just have a little patience, and you will become ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ our headmaster.
It was the second time that ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ such an important meeting.
we had succeeded in holding
7．这是我们第二次成功地举行如此重要的会议。(succeed)
as popular a teacher as
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is __1__ leading figure in the rice growing world. His sunburnt face, arms and slim but strong body are just like those of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life.
Born in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. __2__ concerned him most was that farmers often had poor __3__ (harvest) and even would suffer from food shortage.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．a figure意为“人物”，是可数名词，此处是指袁隆平是一个领先人物，所以应用不定冠词限定，且leading的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．What 　设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“什么”，故用What引导该从句。
答案及解析
3．harvests　harvest表示“收成；收获量”时，是可数名词，这里应用复数形式。
__4__ (convince) that he can find ways to increase the rice output without __5__ (expand) the area of fields, Yuan __6__ (overcome) enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice.
Today, it is estimated that about 60% of domestic rice consumption in China __7__ (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains. Thanks __8__ his research, people have more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
6．overcame　设空处为谓语动词，此处指发生在过去的动作，所以应用一般过去时。
5．expanding　without是介词，后跟名词、代词、动名词等作宾语。without doing sth意为“不做某事”。
4．Convinced 分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，convince与主语Yuan之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填Convinced。
7．is generated 设空处是从句谓语。百分数作主语时，谓语的单复数由of后的名词决定。generate与主语之间是被动关系，描述现在的情况，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态。
8．to thanks to意为“多亏了”。
Although his hybrids have made him wealthy, Yuan cares little for celebrity or wealth. Instead, he makes large donations to support __9__ (agriculture) research. What impresses people most is that Yuan has the ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. Despite his advanced years, Yuan is still young at heart and full of __10__ (visible), and we are expecting what he will dream up next.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷课文改编填空
10．vision　设空处作介词of 的宾语，应用名词。vision意为“眼力；远见卓识”，为不可数名词，故填vision。
9．agricultural 设空处修饰名词research，应用形容词。故填agricultural。
[江西新余一中2020高一段考]It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, more than 7.5 billion people consume 1.6 times __1__ the Earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population __2__ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
So how do we produce more food for more people without __3__ (expand) the land and water already in use
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章旨在论述全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决的办法。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2．will have reached/will reach　根据时间状语By 2050可知，此处应用将来完成时，表示对未来情况的推测；也可以表示将来会发生的事，故用一般将来时。故填will have reached/will reach。
答案及解析
3．expanding　without后接动词的动名词形式， 故填expanding。
1．what　分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，设空处作从句宾语，应用what，表示“地球上的自然资源所能供应的(食物)”。
We can't double the amount of land. __4__ (fortunate), we don't have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. __5__ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
In the near term, food production is enough to support all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. Food that __6__ (waste) each year amounts to about 1.3 billion tons—four times the amount __7__ (need) to feed more than 800 million people who are __8__ (hunger).
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
4．Fortunately　此处修饰整个句子，应用副词， 故填Fortunately。
5．In 　in short为固定搭配，意为“简而言之”，故填In。
6．is wasted 　hat引导定语从句，代替先行词Food，在从句中作主语，且that与动词waste之间为被动关系，此处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态； 先行词Food为不可数名词，故定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is wasted。
7．needed　分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰the amount, 二者为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填needed。
8．hungry　are为系动词，其后为表语，此处表示“饥饿的”，应用形容词。故填hungry。
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption __9__ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly __10__ same amount of land we use now.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
9．patterns 　pattern意为“模式”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，为复数意义，因此要用复数形式。故填patterns。
10．the　the same为固定搭配，意为“同样(的)”。故填the。
02
Period Ⅱ Learning About Language &
Using Language
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
02
1．It is estimated that one in five cancers has been linked to ____________ (chemistry) exposure.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
chemical
句意为：据估计，五分之一的癌症与接触化学物质有关。设空处修饰名词exposure，应用形容词。故填chemical。
2．The fruits grown by ourselves are more ____________ (nutrition) than those sold in the store.
nutritious
句意为：我们自己种的水果比商店里卖的水果更有营养。设空处作表语，其前有more修饰，应用形容词。故填nutritious。
解析
解析
3．These fishes typically live between the surface of the ocean and a ____________ (deep) of about 3,300 feet.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
depth
句意为：这些鱼通常生活在海洋表面至大约3,300英尺深的地方。a depth of... 意为“……的深度”。
4．I was ____________ (entire) attracted by the beautiful music while listening.
entirely
句意为：我听的时候完全被那美妙的音乐给吸引住了。设空处修饰动词attracted，应用副词。
解析
解析
5．____________ instance, if he does not like greens, do not force him to eat them by lecturing about the goodness of greens.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
For
句意为：比如说，他不喜欢绿叶菜，就不要通过唠叨绿叶菜有营养的方式去强迫他吃。for instance意为“例如；比如”。
6．The organisation would further help countries to cooperate in countering transnational crimes (跨国犯罪), which will ____________ turn lead to regional peace and stability.
in
句意为： 本组织将进一步帮助各国合作以抵制跨国犯罪，这继而会带来区域的和平与稳定。in turn为固定搭配，意为“相应地；转而”。故填in。
解析
解析
7．Virtual worlds offer us ____________ alternative vision of how society might work.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
an
vision意为“设想”，是可数名词，前面的定语alternative发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。
8．It is essential ____________ you understand what type of soil you have in your garden before you improve it.
that
句意为：在你改良花园土壤之前，你必须了解你花园里的土壤类型。________ you understand what type of soil you have in your garden是主语从句，意义完整，不缺少成分，所以应用that引导该从句。
解析
解析
9．We're looking for a headmaster, one ____________ will devote himself entirely to the cause of education.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
who
句意为：我们正在寻找一位校长，一位将全身心地投入到教育事业中去的人。此处________ will devote himself entirely to the cause of education是定语从句，修饰one(表示“一个人”)，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who。
10．The reason ____________ they chose a Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.
why
句意为： 他们选择一家中国公司是因为中国拥有世界上最先进的高速铁路技术。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。
解析
解析
[湖南株洲2020高一调研]Something is happening to the British. They seem to be developing green fingers! The number of people growing their own fruit and vegetables __1__ (increase) in the past year, according to Gardeners' World.
Gardens and private land for vegetables and fruit across the UK have been put to use with people's __2__ (discover) of the joy of home grown produce. But not everyone has space to grow vegetables or flowers. And sometimes a window box just isn't enough for __3__ gardening challenge.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。园艺技能开始在英国盛行，人们纷纷开始在家种植水果和蔬菜，享受自家种植农产品的乐趣。
2．discovery　people's为名词所有格，该空应填名词。此处表示人们对“自家种植的农产品的乐趣的发现”，为单数概念，应用单数形式。故填discovery。
3．a　句意为：有时一个窗口花坛不足以完成一项园艺挑战。此处泛指“一项挑战”，应用不定冠词，且gardening的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
答案及解析
1．has increased　本句无谓语动词，该空为句子谓语，由时间状语in the past year可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语的中心语为The number of，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填has increased。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This is why people plant flowers or vegetables in public spaces to make them __4__ (green) and more pleasing to the eye.
Many people would approve __5__ beautifying towns and cities, but this type of gardening is not __6__ (strict) legal. Therefore, the special gardening often takes place late at night. But the image of the enthusiastic gardener is not someone __7__ breaks the law. It is someone who spends all their time in __8__ (greenhouse) and potting sheds (园圃棚) that knows every aspect of how to tend and grow the plants.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
4．greener　由后面的more pleasing可知，此处应填形容词的比较级。故填greener。
答案及解析
5．of　approve of为固定搭配，意为“赞成”。故填of。
6．strictly　此处修饰形容词legal，应用副词。故填strictly。
7．who/that　someone为句子的表语，后面的句子起修饰作用，即为定语从句，先行词someone指人，设空处指代someone，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
8．greenhouses　greenhouse为可数名词，此处无限定词修饰，应用复数形式，与后面的potting sheds并列，作介词in的宾语。
Yet, despite the increase in people growing their own food, half of the UK population __9__ (be) still puzzled about when most fruit and vegetables are in season, according to Gardeners' World. It seems that Britain still has a long way __10__ (go) before being called A Nation of Gardeners.
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
答案及解析
9．are 　设空处为句子谓语，half of the UK population为句子的主语，指一半英国的人，谓语动词用复数。且此处描述目前的情况，应用一般现在时。故填are。
10．to go　此处作way的定语，应用不定式，表示“还有很长的路要走”。故填to go。
单元限时作业
03
[黑龙江大庆一中2020高一期末]We all know that fish live in the water. But there is a kind of fish living in the desert. This kind of fish is called the lungfish. The lungfish is a type of freshwater fish best known for its __1__ (able) to live on land, without water, for months on end, and sometimes even for years.
As its name suggests, the lungfish has a highly evolved breathing system __2__ can take oxygen straight from the air, just like land animals do. While it still lives in the water, the lungfish needs to __3__ (regular) come up to the surface for air. And what is __4__ (astonish) is that the lungfish can even die if it is in the water for a long time.
单元限时作业
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了一种生活在沙漠中的“肺鱼”。它能在没有水的陆地上生活数月，有时甚至数年。
2．that/which　has为谓语动词， a highly evolved breathing system为宾语，后面的句子对其起修饰作用，即为限制性定语从句。先行词指物，且引导词在定语从句充当主语，故填关系代词that/which。
答案及解析
3．regularly　此处修饰后面的动词短语，应用副词。故填regularly。
4．astonishing　句意为：令人惊讶的事情是，肺鱼如果长时间待在水里甚至会死亡。空后的is为系动词，前面为主语从句，此处表示“令人惊讶的事情”，应填 ing形式的形容词。故填astonishing。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．ability　空前的its为形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词。故填ability。
Therefore, it needs to avoid __5__ (put) underwater.
When in the water, the lungfish behaves like other __6__ (type) of fish, swimming and eating small fish at __7__ bottom of ponds and lakes. But when the dry season hits, the lungfish will bury itself deep into the mud, where it secretes mucus (分泌黏液) out of its skin that hardens to form a protective cocoon (防护膜) around it. Only the mouth __8__ (leave) for breathing.
单元限时作业
刷语法填空
答案及解析
5．being put　avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。同时动词put和逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式。故填being put。
6．types　type意为“类型”，是可数名词。此处泛指其他类型的鱼，应用复数形式。故填types。
7．the　at the bottom of... 为固定搭配，意为“在……的底部”，故填the。
8．is left　句意为：只剩下嘴来呼吸。该空应填谓语动词，leave和主语the mouth之间为被动关系，且本句是在陈述客观事实，所以需用一般现在时的被动语态。the mouth为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填is left。
Lungfish is one of the most ancient bony fish __9__ (discover) on Earth today. It is very much like the fish that __10__ (live) two hundred million years ago. And now lungfish is found only in Africa, South America and Australia.　
单元限时作业
刷语法填空
答案及解析
9．discovered　is为本句的谓语动词，动词discover与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词fish，二者为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填discovered。
10．lived　the fish 为介词like的宾语，后面句子起修饰作用，即为限制性定语从句，that指代先行词the fish，在从句中作主语，设空处在从句中作谓语。根据时间状语two hundred million years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填lived。