人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit5 Working the Land 单元习题课件 (共23张PPT)

(共23张PPT)
Unit 5 Working the Land
选择性必修一
Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
01
1．The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water ____________ (short).[浙江2019年6月·改编]
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
shortage
句意为：大树损失最严重的地区是在树木遭受水资源短缺最严重的地区。设空处作suffered的宾语，water shortage意为“用水短缺”。故填shortage。
2．A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the ____________ (assume) that they might make a nice blow up for one of the visitors' centers.[江苏2019·改编]
assumption
句意为：一位考虑周到的官员把一些复印件交给了公园管理员，认为他们可以为其中一个游客中心制造一张不错的放大图。on the assumption that意为“假设；认定”，为固定短语。
解析
解析
3．Thanks to science, we have learnt to tell the difference between fantasy and ____________ (real).
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：多亏了科学，我们学会了区分幻想和现实。设空处与fantasy并列，作介词between的宾语，应用名词形式。故填reality。
4．It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter ____________ people's opinions. However, they have real impacts.
句意为：如果这些误判只是人们的观点问题，那也没有关系。然而，它们有实际的影响。a matter of… 意为“……的问题”。
reality
of
解析
解析
5．The tool is comprised ____________ four key components that enable you to achieve these results.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
of
句意为：该工具由四个能够让您得到这些结果的关键部件组成。be comprised of… 意为“包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)”。
6．If you want to succeed, be devoted ____________ the job after finding the proper way to do it.
to
句意为：如果你想成功，在找到合适的方法后，要全身心地投入到工作中去。be devoted to… 为固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．____________ (give) that she was really interested in children, teaching was a proper career for her.
given that为连词，可以用来引导从句，意为“考虑到……”，故填Given。
Given
8．It ____________ (estimate) that by the 2050, this country's population will have increased by 30 million and close to 80% will live in urban areas.
is estimated
句意为：据估计，到2050年，这个国家的人口将增加3，000万，而且接近80%的人口会生活在城市。It is estimated that… 意为“据估计……”，为常用句型。
解析
解析
9.____________ I'm concerned about most is how we can collect a huge amount of money in such a short time.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
10．____________ remains doubtful whether this is an important discovery.
It
句意为：我最关心的事是我们如何在这么短的时间内筹到这么多钱。________ I'm concerned about most是主语从句，从句中缺少about的宾语，指“……的事/东西”，应用What。
It在此是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。故填It。
解析
解析
What
[江西新余一中2020高一段考]It's time to reconsider food. Around the globe, food problems threaten wildlife, wild places and the planet itself. Today, more than 7.5 billion people consume 1.6 times __1__ the Earth's natural resources can supply. By 2050, the world's population __2__ (reach) 9 billion and the demand for food will double.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．what　分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，设空处作从句宾语，应用what，表示“地球上的自然资源所能供应的(食物)”。
【知识拓展】倍数表达法
①“… times ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋ than…”
Line AB is three times longer than Line CD.线段 AB 是线段CD的三倍长。
②“… times＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as…”
This table is three times as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。
③“… times＋the＋名词(如： size, height, weight, length, width 等)＋of…”
The Earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的 49 倍。
④ “… times＋that of＋被比较对象”
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.这个车间七月份的产量是一月份产量的3.5倍。
答案及解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章旨在论述全球食物短缺问题并探讨目前可以解决的办法。
2．will have reached/will reach　根据时间状语By 2050可知，此处应用将来完成时，表示对未来情况的推测；也可以表示将来会发生的事，故用一般将来时。故填will have reached/will reach。
So how do we produce more food for more people without __3__ (expand) the land and water already in use We can't double the amount of land. __4__ (fortunate), we don't have to—we just have to double the amount of food available now instead. __5__ short, we must freeze the footprint of food.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
3．expanding　without后接动词的动名词形式， 故填expanding。
4．Fortunately　此处修饰整个句子，应用副词， 故填Fortunately。
5．In　in short为固定搭配，意为“简而言之”，故填In。
刷语法填空
In the near term, food production is enough to support all, but it doesn't reach everyone who needs it. Food that __6__ (waste) each year amounts to about 1.3 billion tons—four times the amount __7__ (need) to feed more than 800 million people who are __8__ (hunger).
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
6．is wasted　that引导定语从句，代替先行词Food，在从句中作主语，且that与动词waste之间为被动关系，此处表示一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态； 先行词Food为不可数名词，故定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is wasted。
7．needed　分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰the amount, 二者为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填needed。
8．hungry　are为系动词，其后为表语，此处表示“饥饿的”，应用形容词。故填hungry。
刷语法填空
By improving efficiency and productivity while reducing waste and shifting consumption __9__ (pattern), we can produce enough food for everyone by 2050 on roughly __10__ same amount of land we use now.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
10．the　the same为固定搭配，意为“同样(的)”。故填the。
9．patterns　pattern意为“模式”时，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，为复数意义，因此要用复数形式。故填patterns。
Period Ⅱ Learning About Language &　Using Language
02
1．It is estimated that one in five cancers has been linked to ____________ (chemistry) exposure.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
chemical
句意为：据估计，五分之一的癌症与接触化学物质有关。设空处修饰名词exposure，应用形容词。故填chemical。
2．The fruits grown by ourselves are more ____________ (nutrition) than those sold in the store.
nutritious
句意为：我们自己种的水果比商店里卖的水果更有营养。设空处作表语，其前有more修饰，应用形容词。故填nutritious。
解析
解析
3．These fishes typically live between the surface of the ocean and a ____________ (deep) of about 3,300 feet.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
句意为：这些鱼通常生活在海洋表面至大约3,300英尺深的地方。a depth of… 意为“……的深度”。
4．I was ____________ (entire) attracted by the beautiful music while listening.
句意为：我听的时候完全被那美妙的音乐给吸引住了。设空处修饰动词attracted，应用副词。
depth
entirely
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
5．____________ instance, if he does not like greens, do not force him to eat them by lecturing about the goodness of greens.
For
句意为：比如说，他不喜欢绿叶菜，就不要通过唠叨绿叶菜有营养的方式去强迫他吃。for instance意为“例如；比如”。
6．The organisation would further help countries to cooperate in countering transnational crimes, which will ____________ turn lead to regional peace and stability.
句意为：本组织将进一步帮助各国合作以抵制跨国犯罪，这继而会带来区域的和平与稳定。in turn为固定搭配，意为“相应地；转而”。故填in。
in
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
7．Virtual worlds offer us ____________ alternative vision of how society might work.
an
vision意为“愿景”，是可数名词，前面的定语alternative发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。
8．It is essential ____________ you understand what type of soil you have in your garden before you improve it.
that
句意为：在你改良花园土壤之前，你必须了解你花园里的土壤类型。________ you understand what type of soil you have in your garden是主语从句，意义完整，不缺少成分，所以应用that引导该从句。
解析
解析
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
9．We're looking for a headmaster, one ____________ will devote himself entirely to the cause of education.
who
句意为：我们正在寻找一位校长，一位将全身心地投入到教育事业中去的人。此处________ will devote himself entirely to the cause of education是定语从句，修饰one(表示“一个人”)，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who。
10．The reason ____________ they chose a Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.
句意为： 他们选择一家中国公司是因为中国拥有世界上最先进的高速铁路技术。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。
why
解析
解析
[湖南株洲2020高一调研]Something is happening to the British. They seem to be developing green fingers! The number of people growing their own fruit and vegetables __1__ (increase) in the past year, according to Gardeners' World.
Gardens and private land for vegetables and fruit across the UK have been put to use with people's __2__ (discover) of the joy of home grown produce. But not everyone has space to grow vegetables or flowers. And sometimes a window box just isn't enough for __3__ gardening challenge.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．has increased　本句无谓语动词，该空为句子谓语，由时间状语in the past year可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语的中心语为The number of，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填has increased。
2．discovery　people's为名词所有格，该空应填名词。此处表示人们对“自家种植的农产品的乐趣的发现”，为单数概念，应用单数形式。故填discovery。
答案及解析
3．a　句意为：有时一个窗口花坛不足以完成一项园艺挑战。此处泛指“一项挑战”，应用不定冠词，且gardening的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。园艺技能开始在英国盛行，人们纷纷开始在家种植水果和蔬菜，享受自家种植农产品的乐趣。
This is why people plant flowers or vegetables in public spaces to make them __4__ (green) and more pleasing to the eye.
Many people would approve __5__ beautifying towns and cities, but this type of gardening is not __6__ (strict) legal. Therefore, the special gardening often takes place late at night. But the image of the enthusiastic gardener is not someone __7__ breaks the law. It is someone who spends all their time in __8__ (greenhouse) and potting sheds (园圃棚) that knows every aspect of how to tend and grow the plants.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
4．greener 由后面的more pleasing可知，此处应填形容词的比较级。故填greener。
5．of　approve of为固定搭配，意为“赞成”。故填of。
6．strictly　此处修饰形容词legal，应用副词。故填strictly。
7．who/that　　someone为句子的表语，后面的句子起修饰作用，即为定语从句，先行词someone指人，设空处指代someone，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
8．greenhouses　　greenhouse为可数名词，此处无限定词修饰，应用复数形式，与后面的potting sheds并列，作介词in的宾语。
Yet, despite the increase in people growing their own food, half of the UK population __9__ (be) still puzzled about when most fruit and vegetables are in season, according to Gardeners' World. It seems that Britain still has a long way __10__ (go) before being called A Nation of Gardeners.
Part Ⅰ　Vocabulary & Grammar
刷语法填空
9．are　设空处为句子谓语，half of the UK population为句子的主语，指一半英国的人，谓语动词用复数。且此处描述目前的情况，应用一般现在时。故填are。
10．to go　此处作way的定语，应用不定式，表示“还有很长的路要走”。故填to go。
单元限时作业
03
[黑龙江大庆一中2020高一期末]We all know that fish live in the water. But there is a kind of fish living in the desert. This kind of fish is called the lungfish. The lungfish is a type of freshwater fish best known for its __1__ (able) to live on land, without water, for months on end, and sometimes even for years.
As its name suggests, the lungfish has a highly evolved breathing system __2__ can take oxygen straight from the air, just like land animals do. While it still lives in the water, the lungfish needs to __3__ (regular) come up to the surface for air. And what is__4__ (astonish) is that the lungfish can even die if it is in the water for a long time.
单元限时作业
刷语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．ability　空前的its为形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词。故填ability。
2．that/which　has为谓语动词， a highly evolved breathing system为宾语，后面的句子对其起修饰作用，即为限制性定语从句。先行词指物，且引导词在定语从句充当主语，故填关系代词that/which。
3．regularly　此处修饰后面的动词短语，应用副词。故填regularly。
答案及解析
4．astonishing　句意为：令人惊讶的事情是，肺鱼如果长时间待在水里甚至会死亡。空后的is为系动词，前面为主语从句，此处表示“令人惊讶的事情”，应填 ing形式的形容词。故填astonishing。
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了一种生活在沙漠中的“肺鱼”。它能在没有水的陆地上生活数月，有时甚至数年。
Therefore, it needs to avoid __5__ (put) underwater.
When in the water, the lungfish behaves like other __6__ (type) of fish, swimming and eating small fish at __7__ bottom of ponds and lakes. But when the dry season hits, the lungfish will bury itself deep into the mud, where it secretes mucus (分泌黏液) out of its skin that hardens to form a protective cocoon (防护膜) around it. Only the mouth __8__ (leave) for breathing.
Lungfish is one of the most ancient bony fish __9__ (discover) on Earth today. It is very much like the fish that __10__ (live) two hundred million years ago. And now lungfish is found only in Africa, South America and Australia.
单元限时作业
刷语法填空
6．types　type意为“类型”，是可数名词。此处泛指其他类型的鱼，应用复数形式。故填types。
5．being put　avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。同时动词put和逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动形式。故填being put。
7．the　at the bottom of… 为固定搭配，意为“在……的底部”，故填the。
8．is left　句意为：只剩下嘴来呼吸。该空应填谓语动词， leave和主语the mouth之间为被动关系，且本句是在陈述客观事实，所以需用一般现在时的被动语态。the mouth为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填is left。
9．discovered　is为本句的谓语动词，动词discover与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词fish，二者为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填discovered。
10．lived　the fish 为介词like的宾语，后面句子起修饰作用，即为限制性定语从句，that指代先行词the fish，在从句中作主语，设空处在从句中作谓语。根据时间状语two hundred million years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填lived。