外研版（2019）选择性必修三Unit 5 Developing ideas& Presenting Ideas& Reflection随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修三Unit 5 Developing ideas& Presenting Ideas& Reflection随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-13 17:24:32 | ||
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Unit 5 Learning from nature Developing ideas&Presenting Ideas& Reflection
一、单词拼写
1.Sam will d________(离开） for Germany tomorrow, and he'll return to China next week.
2.A committee of teachers will e________(评估) materials and give opinions.
3.More people who live in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in r________(农村的) areas.
4.When they believe they will not present themselves adequately, they often w________(退出).
5.Knowing nothing about him, I can't e__________ his ability.
6.If you want an A in your exam, you must make an effort to a__________ it.
二、用所给短语的适当形式填空
in return for; draw...from; reaction to withdraw from; resign oneself to; be described as; in other words; in contrast to; devote oneself to; go through
1.___________ my previous impression, the atmosphere here is not tense at all.
2. We can ___________ some lessons for the future ___________ this accident.
3. I'd like to treat you to a meal ___________ your timely help.
4. You can't control what happens but you can control your ___________ it.
5. John ___________ school a year before he graduated due to the incident of his home.
6. All the trials you ___________ will increase your independence, teach you a lesson and give you a wonderful experience of managing in difficult situations.
7. She was not a woman who ___________ fate, so she gained respect from others.
8. With the final exam approaching, we should limit our time on WeChat and ___________ our study.
9. Venice has long ___________ one of the most romantic cities in the world.
10. They asked him to leave; ___________, he was fired.
三、阅读理解
Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid materials. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot—one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼).
Described in science journal Nature, the "Oetobot" could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. "The Octobot is minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots", the study's authors wrote.
Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don't do so well on rough terrains(地 形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren't especially safe around humans, because they're made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.
So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They've taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮)body, it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
"Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and exploration," Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology Center for Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. "Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life."
1.What's the special feature of "Octobot"
A.It's very small. B.It's made of metal. C.It's soft. D.It looks like an octopus.
2.What's the shortcoming of traditional robots
A.They're hard to control. B.They can't behave well all the time.
C.They can't predict conditions. D.They're too heavy to move.
3.What is one of the biggest challenges
A.To build Octobot's silicone body. B.To build Octobot's complex structure.
C.To build Octobot's precise movements. D.To build Octobot's flexible power source.
4.What's the possible application of "Octobot"
A.Medical research. B.Life rescue. C.Machine operation. D.House cleaning.
四、语法填空
When foreigners negotiate, or register in certain areas of China, they may be ①_________(surprise) at Chinese's special fondness and preference for seals. To Chinese, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, ②_________ combines the essence of both calligraphy(书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.
③_________ is believed that seals came out as early as 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery(陶器) wares and had private property. They were assumed to make marks on ④_________ (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen. When the first dynasty ⑤_________ (found), the king began to use seals to empower(授权) and to show lordly credits. Only the king's special seal was then called "Xi", ⑥_________ (represent) the highest authority. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his "Xi" ⑦_________ (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade "Heshi Bi".
Then the local governments also needed seals for ⑧_________ same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in a variety of lucky ⑨_________ (character) and vivid animal patterns. ⑩_________ (gradual), the sphragistics(印章学) came into being.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案:depart
解析:句意:萨姆明天将启程前往德国,下周他将返回中国。depart v.离开。
2.答案:evaluate
解析:句意:教师委员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。evaluate v.评估,评价。
3.答案:rural
解析:句意:更多住在城市和郊区的人比住在农村地区的人说他们想尝试无人驾驶汽车。rural adj.农村的,乡村的。
4.答案:withdraw
解析:句意:当他们认为自己不能充分展示自己时,他们往往会退出。withdraw v.退出。
5.答案:evaluate
6.答案:attain
二、答案:1.In contrast to 2.draw;from 3.in return for 4.reaction to 5.withdrew from 6.go through 7.resigned herself to 8.devote ourselves to 9.been described as 10.in other words
三、答案:1-4.CBDB
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第一段可知,传统上,机器人是坚硬的,由金属和其他硬质材料制成。但美国哈佛大学的一个科学家小组已经成功地制造了一个完全柔软的机器人——一个从章鱼身上汲取灵感的机器人。从下文可知Octobot是这个机器人的名字。因此它的特点是柔软,故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中"And they aren't especially safe around humans, because they're made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users."可知,因为它们是用坚硬而沉重的零件做的,可能对使用者构成潜在危险。因此传统机器人的缺点是它们不能一直表现得很好,故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知,创造一个完全柔软的机器人仍然是一个挑战。即使工程师构建了硅酮的躯体,构建关键部件(如电源)的灵活版本仍是一个重大挑战。由此可知,最大的挑战之一是建造Octobot机器人的柔性电源,故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,虽然软体机器人仍处于早期阶段,但它在搜索救援和探索等多种应用方面大有希望。由此可以推断出,软体机器人可能应用于救援等方面,故选B项。
四、答案:surprised; which; It; their; was founded; representing; made; the; characters; Gradually
解析:①考查形容词。句意:当外国人在中国某些地区谈判或注册时,他们可能会对中国人对印章的特殊喜爱和偏爱感到惊讶。 be surprised at意为“对……感到惊奇”,故本空应用形容词surprised。
②考查定语从句。句意:对于中国人来说,印章是一种有着深厚文化底蕴的艺术,它融合了书法和雕塑的精髓,激励着一代又一代的人去学习、欣赏和收藏。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词art,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。
③考查it作形式主语。句意:据说,早在8000年前,在我们的祖先能够制作陶器并拥有私人财产之后,印章就出现了。本句中that引导主语从句,故应用it作形式主语。
④考查代词。句意:人们认为他们在自己的财产上做记号是为了防止被盗。本空修饰名词possessions故应用形容词性物主代词their。
⑤考查时态和语态。句意:当第一个朝代被建立,皇帝开始使用印章授权,表明皇权。根据句意可知,从句应用一般过去时;主语dynasty和动词found之间是被动关系,因此本空应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was founded。
⑥ 考查非谓语动词。句意:只有皇帝的特别印章被称为“玺”,代表最高的权威。represent和句子主语seal之间是主动关系,故此处应用现在分词短语作状语。
⑦ 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的第一个皇帝秦始皇,他的“玺”是由无价的美玉“和氏璧”制成的。"xi"和动词make之间是被动关系,故此处应用过去分词作宾补,构成have sth. done结构。
⑧考查冠词。句意:然后,地方政府也需要印章来履行同样的职能。the same意为“同样的”,故本空应用定冠词the。
⑨考查名词复数。句意:同时,私人印章被雕刻上各种吉祥的字符和生动的动物图案。a variety of后应跟可数名词的复数形式。
⑩考查副词。 句意;逐渐地,印章学形成了。本空位于句首,修饰整个句子,故应填副词Gradually。
2
一、单词拼写
1.Sam will d________(离开） for Germany tomorrow, and he'll return to China next week.
2.A committee of teachers will e________(评估) materials and give opinions.
3.More people who live in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in r________(农村的) areas.
4.When they believe they will not present themselves adequately, they often w________(退出).
5.Knowing nothing about him, I can't e__________ his ability.
6.If you want an A in your exam, you must make an effort to a__________ it.
二、用所给短语的适当形式填空
in return for; draw...from; reaction to withdraw from; resign oneself to; be described as; in other words; in contrast to; devote oneself to; go through
1.___________ my previous impression, the atmosphere here is not tense at all.
2. We can ___________ some lessons for the future ___________ this accident.
3. I'd like to treat you to a meal ___________ your timely help.
4. You can't control what happens but you can control your ___________ it.
5. John ___________ school a year before he graduated due to the incident of his home.
6. All the trials you ___________ will increase your independence, teach you a lesson and give you a wonderful experience of managing in difficult situations.
7. She was not a woman who ___________ fate, so she gained respect from others.
8. With the final exam approaching, we should limit our time on WeChat and ___________ our study.
9. Venice has long ___________ one of the most romantic cities in the world.
10. They asked him to leave; ___________, he was fired.
三、阅读理解
Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid materials. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US has managed to build an entirely soft robot—one that draws inspiration from an octopus (章鱼).
Described in science journal Nature, the "Oetobot" could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration. "The Octobot is minimal system which may serve as a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots", the study's authors wrote.
Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment don't do so well on rough terrains(地 形) or in unpredictable conditions. And they aren't especially safe around humans, because they're made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.
So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. They've taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.
But creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone (硅酮)body, it's still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.
"Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applications, such as search-rescue operations and exploration," Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology Center for Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. "Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life."
1.What's the special feature of "Octobot"
A.It's very small. B.It's made of metal. C.It's soft. D.It looks like an octopus.
2.What's the shortcoming of traditional robots
A.They're hard to control. B.They can't behave well all the time.
C.They can't predict conditions. D.They're too heavy to move.
3.What is one of the biggest challenges
A.To build Octobot's silicone body. B.To build Octobot's complex structure.
C.To build Octobot's precise movements. D.To build Octobot's flexible power source.
4.What's the possible application of "Octobot"
A.Medical research. B.Life rescue. C.Machine operation. D.House cleaning.
四、语法填空
When foreigners negotiate, or register in certain areas of China, they may be ①_________(surprise) at Chinese's special fondness and preference for seals. To Chinese, seals are an art of deep cultural roots, ②_________ combines the essence of both calligraphy(书法) and sculpture and inspires generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.
③_________ is believed that seals came out as early as 8,000 years ago after our ancestors could make pottery(陶器) wares and had private property. They were assumed to make marks on ④_________ (they) own possessions to prevent them from being stolen. When the first dynasty ⑤_________ (found), the king began to use seals to empower(授权) and to show lordly credits. Only the king's special seal was then called "Xi", ⑥_________ (represent) the highest authority. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, had his "Xi" ⑦_________ (make) out of the invaluable and beautiful jade "Heshi Bi".
Then the local governments also needed seals for ⑧_________ same function. Meanwhile, private seals were carved in a variety of lucky ⑨_________ (character) and vivid animal patterns. ⑩_________ (gradual), the sphragistics(印章学) came into being.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案:depart
解析:句意:萨姆明天将启程前往德国,下周他将返回中国。depart v.离开。
2.答案:evaluate
解析:句意:教师委员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。evaluate v.评估,评价。
3.答案:rural
解析:句意:更多住在城市和郊区的人比住在农村地区的人说他们想尝试无人驾驶汽车。rural adj.农村的,乡村的。
4.答案:withdraw
解析:句意:当他们认为自己不能充分展示自己时,他们往往会退出。withdraw v.退出。
5.答案:evaluate
6.答案:attain
二、答案:1.In contrast to 2.draw;from 3.in return for 4.reaction to 5.withdrew from 6.go through 7.resigned herself to 8.devote ourselves to 9.been described as 10.in other words
三、答案:1-4.CBDB
解析:1.细节理解题。根据第一段可知,传统上,机器人是坚硬的,由金属和其他硬质材料制成。但美国哈佛大学的一个科学家小组已经成功地制造了一个完全柔软的机器人——一个从章鱼身上汲取灵感的机器人。从下文可知Octobot是这个机器人的名字。因此它的特点是柔软,故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中"And they aren't especially safe around humans, because they're made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users."可知,因为它们是用坚硬而沉重的零件做的,可能对使用者构成潜在危险。因此传统机器人的缺点是它们不能一直表现得很好,故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知,创造一个完全柔软的机器人仍然是一个挑战。即使工程师构建了硅酮的躯体,构建关键部件(如电源)的灵活版本仍是一个重大挑战。由此可知,最大的挑战之一是建造Octobot机器人的柔性电源,故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,虽然软体机器人仍处于早期阶段,但它在搜索救援和探索等多种应用方面大有希望。由此可以推断出,软体机器人可能应用于救援等方面,故选B项。
四、答案:surprised; which; It; their; was founded; representing; made; the; characters; Gradually
解析:①考查形容词。句意:当外国人在中国某些地区谈判或注册时,他们可能会对中国人对印章的特殊喜爱和偏爱感到惊讶。 be surprised at意为“对……感到惊奇”,故本空应用形容词surprised。
②考查定语从句。句意:对于中国人来说,印章是一种有着深厚文化底蕴的艺术,它融合了书法和雕塑的精髓,激励着一代又一代的人去学习、欣赏和收藏。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词art,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which。
③考查it作形式主语。句意:据说,早在8000年前,在我们的祖先能够制作陶器并拥有私人财产之后,印章就出现了。本句中that引导主语从句,故应用it作形式主语。
④考查代词。句意:人们认为他们在自己的财产上做记号是为了防止被盗。本空修饰名词possessions故应用形容词性物主代词their。
⑤考查时态和语态。句意:当第一个朝代被建立,皇帝开始使用印章授权,表明皇权。根据句意可知,从句应用一般过去时;主语dynasty和动词found之间是被动关系,因此本空应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was founded。
⑥ 考查非谓语动词。句意:只有皇帝的特别印章被称为“玺”,代表最高的权威。represent和句子主语seal之间是主动关系,故此处应用现在分词短语作状语。
⑦ 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的第一个皇帝秦始皇,他的“玺”是由无价的美玉“和氏璧”制成的。"xi"和动词make之间是被动关系,故此处应用过去分词作宾补,构成have sth. done结构。
⑧考查冠词。句意:然后,地方政府也需要印章来履行同样的职能。the same意为“同样的”,故本空应用定冠词the。
⑨考查名词复数。句意:同时,私人印章被雕刻上各种吉祥的字符和生动的动物图案。a variety of后应跟可数名词的复数形式。
⑩考查副词。 句意;逐渐地,印章学形成了。本空位于句首,修饰整个句子,故应填副词Gradually。
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