专题10 非谓语动词
1．（2022·上海中考真题）The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day.
A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised
2．（2022·上海考中考真题）The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country.
A．sell B．selling C．to sell D．sold
3．（2021·上海中考真题）Michael and his friends practise ________ table tennis after school every day.
A．play B．played C．playing D．to play
4．（2021·上海中考真题）The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday.
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Doctors tell us________our hands before and after every meal．
A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash
6．（2020·上海中考真题）The engineers will keep________the project with the manager of the company．
A．discuss B．discussed C．discussing D．to discuss
7．（2019·上海·中考真题）Would you mind care of my pet fish while I'm away on holiday
A．take B．taken C．to take D．taking
8．（2019·上海·中考真题）The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot.
A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed
9．（2018·上海·中考真题）Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided______his own restaurant.
A．open B．opened C．to open D．opening
10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Sue practices______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.
A．play B．played C．to play D．playing
11．（2017·上海·中考真题）Vivian refuses ___________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.
A．to send B．sending C．sent D．sends
12．（2017·上海中考真题）The workers are busy windows to the new building these days.
A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix
13．（2016·上海·中考真题）After she finished ____________ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper.
A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading
14．（2016·上海·中考真题）I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ________ it a secret.
A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
15．（2015·上海·中考真题）My friend invited me ______ the art club , and I accepted it with pleasure.
A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining
16．（2015·上海·中考真题）Martin was so busy ______ the old that he gave up his part-time job.
A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help
17．（2014·上海·中考真题）Harry has decided __________ an online shop after graduating from school.
A．open B．to open
C．opened D．opening
18．（2013·上海·中考真题）The retired couple enjoy_____photos.They always go out with their cameras
A．take B．took
C．to take D．taking
19．（2013·上海·中考真题）Even Tony’s granddaughter，a five-year-old girl, asked him__________ smoking．
A．give up B．gave up C．to give up D．giving up
20．（2014·上海·中考真题）I wouldn’t mind______a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.
A．having B．to have
C．have D．had
21．（2012·上海·中考真题）Don’t jump to a conclusion! Let’s __ the problem first.
A．to discuss B．discuss C．discussed D．discussing
22．（2012·上海·中考真题）Stop ______ about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it.
A．complaining B．to complain C．complain D．complained
知识图表 （非谓语动词）
动词不定式
1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. 1. My wish is to become a teacher. 2. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather.
作定语 (后置) I have nothing ___________ (send) you. We must never miss the chance _______( show) love for our parents. 1. I have nothing to say about that thing. 2. Sorry, I can’t go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3. China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space.
作宾语及宾补 want/promise/manage/plan/expect decide/choose/refuse/pretend to do sth. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. (注：被动带to) ask/ tell/ order /enable/allow/encourage sb. to do sth. warn sb. not to do sth. would like to do 5. had better (not)do 1. Alice wanted to get another cup of coffee. 2. He told me to be here on time. 3. Our parents often tell us not to swim alone in the river in summer. 4. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn_. He always works hard. 5. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.
作状语 不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状语 如：in order to; so as to He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （目的状语） He searched the room only to find nothing. （结果状语） I'm glad to see you. （原因状语）
动词不定式与疑问词连用 (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) (4). The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide which to eat.
不定式的特殊句型： 1.句型：too…to…：太…而不能… 2.句型：be + adj + enough + to do sth.足以做 … 3.句型：It's + adj. + for sb to do sth 4.句型：Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不…… " 5. 句型：so as (not) to do: 表示目的 6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb not to do/never to/in order not to/so as not to等 7..比较：used to do/be used to doing 8..比较：It takes…to do/sb spends…doing He is too excited to speak. The child is old enough to go to schooll. Why not take a holiday Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 1. The box is too heavy for me ____ it. A. carrying B. carries C. carry D. to carry 2.We are often told _____at people in trouble. A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh 3.Yesterday morning I got up early________ be late for the exam. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to
动名词
动名词做宾语 1.信号词：enjoy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; consider; admit; forgive, avoid; escape; 2. 词组：give up/ be good at/do well in/ can't help/ keep on/feel like/ be used to/refer to/pay attention to/ devote oneself to/get used to/look forward to/ succeed in/ be worth 3.how about/what about +doing 4.prefer doing….to doing /prefer to do....rather than do 5.介词后面+doing 6.固定搭配：go shopping/go dancing/go swimming 1. Mary and I enjoy playing badminton. 2.It's a bit cold. Would you mind my closing all the windows 3.The new term is coming. They are busy cleaning the classrooms 4.—Mum, I’m hungry. —What about _____(go) to McDonald’s eating fried chicken 5. Knives are used for _________(cut) things.
动名词做主语及表语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳
现在分词
感官动词+sb.+doing see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe I heard someone knocking at the door. I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday. There we found him watching TV.
命题点一：考查动词不定式用法
1．（2023·上海黄浦一模）The man will do anything ________ his son even if he runs into real trouble.
A．save B．saving C．to save D．to saving
2．（2023·上海闵行一模）The volunteers offer ________ the suitcases for the passengers who need help.
A．carry B．to carry C．carried D．carrying
3．（2023·上海静安一模）One aim in middle school education is to let students ________ abilities of independent learning.
A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．to developing
4．（2022·上海杨浦二模）The director told the make-up artist not ________ too much make-up on me.
A．use B．using C．to use D．to using
5．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）The captain interrupted the soldier and ordered him ________ the gate at once.
A．open B．opens C．opening D．to open
6．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）He decided _______ during the “golden week” in May because of the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠流行病).
A．to not travel B．not to travel C．not travelling D．travelling
7．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Old Eddie told his son ________ a record of how much he spent.
A．keep B．keeping C．kept D．to keep
8．（2022·上海松江二模）The funny short play by the students in Class Two made us ________ last week.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed
9．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）As a little boy, Gary’s dream is ________ into space by spaceship.
A．travel B．to travel C．travelled D．travels
10．（2022·上海徐汇模拟）To improve his English, he planned _______ part in a training program in London.
A．taking B．taken C．to take D．take
11．（2022·上海黄浦二模）When your stomach is empty and your mind is full, it’s hard ________.
A．sleep B．sleeping C．to sleep D．to sleeping
12．（2022·上海金山二模）Tony invited me ________ them for dinner, and I accepted it with pleasure.
A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining
13．（2022·上海长宁二模）My mother expected me ________a key school after graduation from the junior school.
A．to enter B．enter C．entering D．entered
14．（2022·上海浦东二模）You’d better tell the man ________ the bike here. It’s the entrance.
A．leave B．to leave
C．not leave D．not to leave
15．（2023·上海黄浦一模）Would you mind ________ me alone for a few minutes
A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．to leaving
命题点二：考查动名词用法
16．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）In order to achieve the aim, Wendy practices ________ table tennis all the year round.
A．play B．plays C．playing D．to play
17．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）With the help of his friends, he finished ________ the fence in two hours.
A．paint B．painting C．to paint D．painted
18．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Mr White was so busy ________ in his office that he wasn’t able to go to a movie with his son.
A．work B．to work C．working D．worked
19．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Kung fu is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on ________ both the balance and the strength.
A．training B．to training C．to train D．train
20．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys ________ her own short videos on TikTok.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
21．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Many citizens look forward to________ as volunteers during the period of the epidemic(传染病).
A．serve B．serves C．serving D．served
22．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）She is considering _______ an Environment Day in the class.
A．to organize B．organize C．organizing D．organizes
23．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Betty suggested ________ a tea party in the garden to celebrate Jane’s birthday.
A．hold B．to hold C．holding D．held
24．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）I didn’t sleep well last night because the baby next door kept ________ the whole night.
A．cry B．cried C．crying D．to cry
25．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）When I walked past the music room, I heard someone ________ the piano in it.
A．to play B．played C．playing D．play
命题点三：考查现在分词与过去分词用法
26．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）I saw Tom ________ football with his classmates at three this afternoon.
A．plays B．played C．playing D．to play
27．（2018·上海杨浦·统考二模）2018年上海杨浦二模It was so frightening. I could feel you________with fear.
A．shaking B．to shake C．shaken D．to shaking
28．（2022·上海·模拟预测）__________ with the price of houses, the price of cars has become a little lower recently.
A．To compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To be compared
29．（2022·上海·模拟预测）You can be what you want to be, a song ________ by Jiang Yunsheng in 2020 is my favorite.
A．wrote B．writes C．writing D．written
30．（2022春·江苏盐城·九年级校联考期中）The scientist spent three days ________ in the study, thinking about the problem.
A．locking B．locked C．to lock D．locks
命题点四：考查非谓语动词在其它题型中运用
31．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Without hard work, no one can expect to ________ in doing anything great. (success)
32．（2019·上海杨浦·统考三模）Remember to _______ your notes very carefully before giving a speech. (organization)
33．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）It took a few ambulances to ________ the injured to the nearby hospital. (transportation)
34．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Everybody believes that he is certain to __________ in doing this experiment. (success)
35．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Reading is one of the most powerful ways to ________ our knowledge. (rich)
36．（2023·上海闵行一模）He didn’t know how he could get to his new school on time. (改为简单句)
He didn’t know ________ ________ get to his new school on time.
37．（2022·上海普陀二模）She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday. (改为简单句)
She has no idea ___________ ___________ go for a trip this summer holiday.
38．（2022·上海崇明模拟预测）Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简单句）
Jane wonders ________ ________ buy some vegetables online during the special days.
39．（2022·上海黄浦二模）“You should have your temperature taken first,” said the doctor to me. (改为间接引语)
The doctor advised me ________ _____________my temperature taken first.
40．（2022·上海崇明·模拟）them, the unusual stone, took, a lot of time, it, to research（连词成句）
______________________________________________________________.专题10 非谓语动词
1．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day.
A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这位年轻运动员每天花四个小时练习排球。
考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，应用动名词作宾语。故选B。
2．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country.
A．sell B．selling C．to sell D．sold
【答案】C
【详解】句意：互联网使农民能够在全国各地销售水果和蔬菜。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语enable sb to do sth“使某人能做某事”。故选C。
3．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Michael and his friends practise ________ table tennis after school every day.
A．play B．played C．playing D．to play
【答案】C
【详解】句意：迈克尔和他的朋友们每天放学后练习打乒乓球。
考查非谓语动词。practice/practise doing sth练习做某事，因此用动名词作宾语，故选C。
4．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The manager asked his secretary ________ the report before Friday.
A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．to finish
【答案】D
【详解】句意：经理要求他的秘书在星期五之前完成报告。
考查非谓语动词。finish完成，动词原形；finishes完成，动词第三人称单数；finishing完成，动词现在分词/动名词；to finish完成，动词不定式。ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故选D。
5．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Doctors tell us________our hands before and after every meal．
A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash
【答案】D
【详解】句意：医生告诉我们饭前饭后要洗手．考查动词非谓语的用法。根据句型tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事，可知不定式to do做宾补。故选D。
6．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The engineers will keep________the project with the manager of the company．
A．discuss B．discussed C．discussing D．to discuss
【答案】C
【详解】句意：工程师们将继续与公司经理讨论这个项目。
考查非谓语动词。discuss原形；discussed一般过去式、过去分词；discussing动名词、现在分词；to discuss不定式；keep doing sth 继续做某事，可知此处填动名词；故选C。
7．（2019·上海·中考真题）Would you mind care of my pet fish while I'm away on holiday
A．take B．taken C．to take D．taking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我外出度假时，你介意照看我的宠物鱼吗？
A. take带去，原形；B. taken带去，过去分词；C. to take带去，动词不定式；D. taking带去，现在分词。短语take care of…表示照顾；Would you mind doing sth.表示你介意做某事吗？根据题意，故选D。
8．（2019·上海·中考真题）The host told a joke at the party and made the guests a lot.
A．laugh B．laughing C．to laugh D．laughed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：主人在聚会上讲了一个笑话，逗得客人大笑。
A. laugh笑；原形；B. laughing笑，现在分词；C. to laugh笑，动词不定式；D. laughed笑，过去式。短语make sb. do sth.表示使某人做某事。根据题意，故选A。
9．（2018·上海·中考真题）Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided______his own restaurant.
A．open B．opened C．to open D．opening
【答案】C
【详解】句意：周先生擅长烹饪，他决定开一家属于自己的餐馆。decide to do sth.决定去做某事，固定搭配。故答案为C。
10．（2018·上海·中考真题）Sue practices______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.
A．play B．played C．to play D．playing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：苏练习小提琴很刻苦，经常会有一些精彩的表演。practice doing sth.练习做某事。故答案为D。
11．（2017·上海·中考真题）Vivian refuses ___________ her children to the weekend training centre for extra classes.
A．to send B．sending C．sent D．sends
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析：句意：Vivian拒绝把她的孩子送到周末补习班去补课。refuse拒绝，后接名词、代词和动词不定式。refuse to do sth.意为拒绝做某事。A. to send动词不定式；B. sending动名词形式；C. sent是send的过去式；D. sends是三单形式。故选A。
12．（2017·上海·中考真题）The workers are busy windows to the new building these days.
A．fix B．fixed C．fixing D．to fix
【答案】C
【详解】句意：工人们最近忙着给新大楼安装窗户。be busy doing sth.忙于做某事，是个固定短语，busy后接动名词形式。故选C。
13．（2016·上海·中考真题）After she finished ____________ the story, Alice wrote a review for her school newspaper.
A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在她读完这个故事之后，Alice为她的学校写了一篇评论。短语finish doing sth.表示完成做某事。根据题意，故选D。
点睛：finish+doing sth.表示完成做某事；这样的动词用practice；stop；aviod；这些动词后加doing的形式。
14．（2016·上海·中考真题）I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ________ it a secret.
A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我不能告诉你她说的话，我答应了保守秘密。keep保持，保守，动词原形；to keep动词不定式；keeping动名词形式；kept是keep的过去式。这句话的谓语动词是promise，承诺，答应，常用于句型promise to do sth.答应去做某事，故应选B。
15．（2015·上海·中考真题）My friend invited me ______ the art club , and I accepted it with pleasure.
A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析：句意：我的朋友邀请我参加艺术俱乐部，我愉快地接受了。A. join动词原形；B.to join 动词不定式；C. joined 动词过去式；D.joining动词的ing形式。 invite sb to do sth，邀请某人做某事。结合句意及结构，故选B。
16．（2015·上海·中考真题）Martin was so busy ______ the old that he gave up his part-time job.
A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help
【答案】A
【详解】句意：马丁如此忙于帮助老人，以至于他放弃了他的兼职工作。A. helping动词的ingr形式；B. helped动词的过去式；C.to help 动词不定式；D. help动词原形。be busy doing sth,忙于做某事。结合所给选项的形式，故选A。
17．（2014·上海·中考真题）Harry has decided __________ an online shop after graduating from school.
A．open B．to open
C．opened D．opening
【答案】B
【详解】句意：从学校毕业之后，哈利决定开一家网店。decide后面一般接带to的动词不定式作宾语，故选B。
18．（2013·上海·中考真题）The retired couple enjoy_____photos.They always go out with their cameras
A．take B．took
C．to take D．taking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这对退休夫妇喜欢拍照。他们总是带着照相机出去。enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事。故选D。
19．（2013·上海·中考真题）Even Tony’s granddaughter，a five-year-old girl, asked him__________ smoking．
A．give up B．gave up C．to give up D．giving up
【答案】C
【详解】句意：甚至是托尼的外孙女，一个五岁的女孩，都要求他戒烟。Ask后接带to的不定式做宾语补足语，结合语境可知选C。
20．（2014·上海·中考真题）I wouldn’t mind______a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.
A．having B．to have
C．have D．had
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我不介意有一个室友.我们能互相帮助，也能省钱。Mind doing sth介意做某事，动名词作宾语表示抽象动作，故选A。
21．（2012·上海·中考真题）Don’t jump to a conclusion! Let’s __ the problem first.
A．to discuss B．discuss C．discussed D．discussing
【答案】B
【详解】本题考查祈使句，let’s do sth，让我们做…，句意：别贸然做出结论，让我们先讨论问题。选B。
22．（2012·上海·中考真题）Stop ______ about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it.
A．complaining B．to complain C．complain D．complained
【答案】A
【详解】句意：停止抱怨交通了，我们想想可以做些什么去改善。
考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.意为“停下手上的事去做另一件事”；stop doing sth. 意为“停止手上正在做的事”。根据“Just think about what we can do to improve it.”可知，此处指停止正在做的事情。故选A。
知识图表 （非谓语动词）
动词不定式
1.作表语；2.信号词：wish, hope, dream, work, task, duty, ambition,etc. etc. 1. My wish is to become a teacher. 2. The first thing I want to do is to visit my grandfather.
作定语 (后置) I have nothing ___________ (send) you. We must never miss the chance _______( show) love for our parents. 1. I have nothing to say about that thing. 2. Sorry, I can’t go with you; I have a lot of clothes to wash. 3. China is the third country to send its astronauts into the space.
作宾语及宾补 want/promise/manage/plan/expect decide/choose/refuse/pretend to do sth. make/ let/ have sb. do sth. (注：被动带to) ask/ tell/ order /enable/allow/encourage sb. to do sth. warn sb. not to do sth. would like to do 5. had better (not)do 1. Alice wanted to get another cup of coffee. 2. He told me to be here on time. 3. Our parents often tell us not to swim alone in the river in summer. 4. Paul doesn't have to be made to learn_. He always works hard. 5. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.
作状语 不定式常在句子里作目的、原因和结果状语 如：in order to; so as to He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. （目的状语） He searched the room only to find nothing. （结果状语） I'm glad to see you. （原因状语）
动词不定式与疑问词连用 (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) (4). The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide which to eat.
不定式的特殊句型： 1.句型：too…to…：太…而不能… 2.句型：be + adj + enough + to do sth.足以做 … 3.句型：It's + adj. + for sb to do sth 4.句型：Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不…… " 5. 句型：so as (not) to do: 表示目的 6.不定式的否定形式，如:warn sb not to do/never to/in order not to/so as not to等 7..比较：used to do/be used to doing 8..比较：It takes…to do/sb spends…doing He is too excited to speak. The child is old enough to go to schooll. Why not take a holiday Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 1. The box is too heavy for me ____ it. A. carrying B. carries C. carry D. to carry 2.We are often told _____at people in trouble. A. not to smile B. to smile C. not to laugh D. to laugh 3.Yesterday morning I got up early________ be late for the exam. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to
动名词
动名词做宾语 1.信号词：enjoy, keep, mind, finish, practice/ practise; deny; imagine; risk; consider; admit; forgive, avoid; escape; 2. 词组：give up/ be good at/do well in/ can't help/ keep on/feel like/ be used to/refer to/pay attention to/ devote oneself to/get used to/look forward to/ succeed in/ be worth 3.how about/what about +doing 4.prefer doing….to doing /prefer to do....rather than do 5.介词后面+doing 6.固定搭配：go shopping/go dancing/go swimming 1. Mary and I enjoy playing badminton. 2.It's a bit cold. Would you mind my closing all the windows 3.The new term is coming. They are busy cleaning the classrooms 4.—Mum, I’m hungry. —What about _____(go) to McDonald’s eating fried chicken 5. Knives are used for _________(cut) things.
动名词做主语及表语 Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳
现在分词
感官动词+sb.+doing see, hear, find, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe I heard someone knocking at the door. I saw him dancing in the hall yesterday. There we found him watching TV.
命题点一：考查动词不定式用法
1．（2023·上海黄浦一模）The man will do anything ________ his son even if he runs into real trouble.
A．save B．saving C．to save D．to saving
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个男子会不惜一切代价来救他的儿子，即使遇到了真正的麻烦。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The man will do anything”和“his son”可知，此处表示这个人为了救他的儿子可以做任何事，由于句子中已有谓语动词，故此处应用非谓语动词，由于这里表目的，故应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。
2．（2023·上海闵行一模）The volunteers offer ________ the suitcases for the passengers who need help.
A．carry B．to carry C．carried D．carrying
【答案】B
【详解】句意：志愿者主动为需要帮助的乘客提箱子。
考查非谓语动词。offer to do sth“主动提出做某事”，故选B。
3．（2023·上海静安一模）One aim in middle school education is to let students ________ abilities of independent learning.
A．develop B．to develop C．developing D．to developing
【答案】A
【详解】句意：中学教育的一个目标是培养学生自主学习的能力。
考查非谓语动词。let是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故选A。
4．（2022·上海杨浦二模）The director told the make-up artist not ________ too much make-up on me.
A．use B．using C．to use D．to using
【答案】C
【详解】句意：导演告诉化妆师不要给我化太多的妆。
考查动词不定式。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选C。
5．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）The captain interrupted the soldier and ordered him ________ the gate at once.
A．open B．opens C．opening D．to open
【答案】D
【详解】句意：上尉打断了士兵的话，命令他立即打开大门。
考查非谓语，order sb to do sth“命令某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选D。
6．（2022·上海松江·统考二模）He decided _______ during the “golden week” in May because of the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠流行病).
A．to not travel B．not to travel C．not travelling D．travelling
【答案】B
【详解】句意：由于COVID-19大流行，他决定不在5月的“黄金周”旅行。
考查非谓语动词。decide (not) to do sth“决定（不）做某事”，固定短语，故选B。
7．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Old Eddie told his son ________ a record of how much he spent.
A．keep B．keeping C．kept D．to keep
【答案】D
【详解】句意：老埃迪叫他儿子把他花了多少钱记下来。
考查非谓语。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，空处用不定式形式作宾补，故选D。
8．（2022·上海松江二模）The funny short play by the students in Class Two made us ________ last week.
A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：上个星期，二班学生的有趣的短剧让我们捧腹大笑。
考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，因此空格处应填入省略to的动词不定式，即动词原形。故选A。
9．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）As a little boy, Gary’s dream is ________ into space by spaceship.
A．travel B．to travel C．travelled D．travels
【答案】B
【详解】句意：小时候，加里的梦想是乘坐宇宙飞船去太空。
考查非谓语动词。travel动词原形；to travel动词不定式；travelled过去式或过去分词；travels一般现在时的第三人称单数。空格处作is的表语，应用动词不定式to travel，表示未发生的动作。其他都是谓语动词。故选B。
10．（2022·上海徐汇模拟）To improve his English, he planned _______ part in a training program in London.
A．taking B．taken C．to take D．take
【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了提高他的英语，他计划参加伦敦的一个训练项目。
考查不定式用法。plan“计划”动词，后续动词不定式，作其宾语。故选C。
11．（2022·上海黄浦二模）When your stomach is empty and your mind is full, it’s hard ________.
A．sleep B．sleeping C．to sleep D．to sleeping
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当你的胃是空的，你的思想是充分的，你很难入睡。
考查非谓语动词。根据“it’s hard...”可知，it is+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是怎样的”，不定式作句子主语，故选C。
12．（2022·上海金山二模）Tony invited me ________ them for dinner, and I accepted it with pleasure.
A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining
【答案】B
【详解】句意：托尼邀请我和他们一起吃晚饭，我欣然接受了。
考查非谓语动词。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故选B。
13．（2022·上海长宁二模）My mother expected me ________a key school after graduation from the junior school.
A．to enter B．enter C．entering D．entered
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我的妈妈期待我在初中毕业后进入到一个重点学校。
考查expect用法。根据句式“expect sb. to do sth”可知空格处用不定式作宾补。故选A。
14．（2022·上海浦东二模）You’d better tell the man ________ the bike here. It’s the entrance.
A．leave B．to leave
C．not leave D．not to leave
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你最好告诉那个人不要把自行车留在这里。这是入口。
考查非谓语动词。tell sb （not）to do sth“告诉某人（不）要做某事”。根据“It’s the entrance.”（这是入口）可知你最好告诉那个人不要把自行车留在这里。故选D。
15．（2023·上海黄浦一模）Would you mind ________ me alone for a few minutes
A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．to leaving
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你介意让我单独待一会吗？
考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth“介意做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选C。
命题点二：考查动名词用法
16．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）In order to achieve the aim, Wendy practices ________ table tennis all the year round.
A．play B．plays C．playing D．to play
【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了达到这个目标，温迪一年四季都在练习打乒乓球。
考查动名词作宾语。practice doing sth“练习做某事”，故选C。
17．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）With the help of his friends, he finished ________ the fence in two hours.
A．paint B．painting C．to paint D．painted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在朋友们的帮助下，他用了两个小时就把栅栏刷好了。
考查动名词的用法。finish doing sth.“做完某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。
18．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Mr White was so busy ________ in his office that he wasn’t able to go to a movie with his son.
A．work B．to work C．working D．worked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：怀特先生在办公室里忙得不可开交，以至于没能和儿子一起去看电影。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”。故选C。
19．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Kung fu is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on ________ both the balance and the strength.
A．training B．to training C．to train D．train
【答案】A
【详解】句意：功夫是中国传统武术，注重平衡和力量的训练。
考查非谓语。focus on doing sth“集中精力做某事”，on是介词，后接doing形式，故选A。
20．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Katie Peterson, a 16-year-old girl enjoys ________ her own short videos on TikTok.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
【答案】C
【详解】句意：16岁的女孩凯蒂·彼得森喜欢在TikTok上制作自己的短片。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。
21．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Many citizens look forward to________ as volunteers during the period of the epidemic(传染
病).
A．serve B．serves C．serving D．served
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在疫情期间，很多市民盼望作为志愿者去做服务。
考查非谓语动词。serve服务。“look forward to doing”意为“盼望做某事”，介词to后接动名词。故选C。
22．（2022·上海奉贤·统考二模）She is considering _______ an Environment Day in the class.
A．to organize B．organize C．organizing D．organizes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：她正在考虑在班上组织环境日。
考查非谓语动词。根据“She is considering ... an Environment Day in the class.”可知，consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选C。
23．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Betty suggested ________ a tea party in the garden to celebrate Jane’s birthday.
A．hold B．to hold C．holding D．held
【答案】C
【详解】句意：贝蒂建议在花园里举行一次茶会来庆祝简的生日。
考查动词用法。由“suggested”可知，此处考查suggest doing“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。
24．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）I didn’t sleep well last night because the baby next door kept ________ the whole night.
A．cry B．cried C．crying D．to cry
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我昨晚睡不好，因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I didn’t sleep well last night”可知，此处是因为隔壁的孩子整晚都在哭，短语keep doing sth.“一直做某事”，cry“哭”，是动词，此处用动名词，故选C。
25．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）When I walked past the music room, I heard someone ________ the piano in it.
A．to play B．played C．playing D．play
【答案】C
【详解】句意：当我走过音乐教室时，我听到有人在里面弹钢琴。
考查非谓语动词。hear sb do sth“听见某人经常做某事”；hear sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”。根据“When I walked past the music room, I heard someone...the piano in it.”可知，路过的时候听到有人正在弹钢琴，故选C。
命题点三：考查现在分词与过去分词用法
26．（2022·上海浦东新·统考一模）I saw Tom ________ football with his classmates at three this afternoon.
A．plays B．played C．playing D．to play
【答案】C
【详解】句意：今天下午三点我看见Tom和他的同班同学在踢足球。
考查非谓语动词辨析。当see解释为“看见”时，后面不接从句，故填入非谓语动词；根据语境可知，说话者只看到了踢足球的一个片段，see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事的全程”，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人做某事的片段”，故搭配doing。故选C。
27．（2018·上海杨浦·统考二模）2018年上海杨浦二模It was so frightening. I could feel you________with fear.
A．shaking B．to shake C．shaken D．to shaking
【答案】A
【详解】句意：真吓人。我能感觉到你吓得颤抖。feel sb doing sth感觉某人正在做某事，故选A。
28．（2022·上海·模拟预测）__________ with the price of houses, the price of cars has become a little lower recently.
A．To compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To be compared
【答案】C
【详解】句意：与房价相比，最近汽车的价格有所下降。
考查非谓语动词。根据“... with the price of houses”可知主语“the price of cars”被拿来与房价作对比，用动词的过去分词形式Compared，在句中作状语。故选C。
29．（2022·上海·模拟预测）You can be what you want to be, a song ________ by Jiang Yunsheng in 2020 is my favorite.
A．wrote B．writes C．writing D．written
【答案】D
【详解】句意：由姜云升2020年写的歌《你一定能够成为你想要去成为的人》是我最喜欢的歌曲。
考查过去分词作为后置定语。根据句意和情境可知，“a song”和“write”之间构成被动，且谓语动词为“is”，因此应该使用过去分词作为后置定语，表示“由……写的”。故选D。
30．（2022春·江苏盐城·九年级校联考期中）The scientist spent three days ________ in the study, thinking about the problem.
A．locking B．locked C．to lock D．locks
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这个科学家花费三天的时间在书房里，考虑这个问题。
考查过去分词用法。locking为现在分词；locked为过去分词；to lock为动词不定式；locks为单三形式。“locked in the study”作后置定语，修饰“three days”，指三天时间是被关在书房里。故选B。
命题点四：考查非谓语动词在其它题型中运用
31．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Without hard work, no one can expect to ________ in doing anything great. (success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意：不努力工作，没有人能指望成功做任何伟大的事情。expect to do sth.“指望做某事”，to后接动词原形构成动词不定式，success的动词形式succeed，意为“成功”。故填succeed。
32．（2019·上海杨浦·统考三模）Remember to _______ your notes very carefully before giving a speech. (organization)
【答案】organize
【详解】句意：演讲前记住仔细整理笔记。remember to do sth.“记住做某事”，故空格处应是动词原形；organization“组织”，名词；organize“组织”，动词。故填organize。
33．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）It took a few ambulances to ________ the injured to the nearby hospital. (transportation)
【答案】transport
【详解】句意：几辆救护车将伤员送往附近的医院。不定式符号to后加动词原形，transportation的动词形式为transport“运送”，故填transport。
34．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）Everybody believes that he is certain to __________ in doing this experiment. (success)
【答案】succeed
【详解】句意：大家都相信他做这个实验一定会成功。success“成功”，名词；根据“…in doing”可知，此处应用secceed in doing sth.表示“成功地做某事”，succeed“成功、达成”，动词；be certain to do sth“一定做……”，空格处为动词原形，与to构成动词不定式。故填succeed。
35．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）Reading is one of the most powerful ways to ________ our knowledge. (rich)
【答案】enrich
【详解】句意：阅读是丰富我们知识的最有力的方式之一。to后加动词原形，rich的动词为enrich“丰富”，故填enrich。
36．（2023·上海闵行一模）He didn’t know how he could get to his new school on time. (改为简单句)
He didn’t know ________ ________ get to his new school on time.
【答案】 how to
【详解】句意：他不知道怎样才能准时到达新学校。原句为how引导的宾语从句，改为简单句可用“疑问词how+动词不定式”结构作宾语。故填how；to。
37．（2022·上海普陀二模）She has no idea where she can go for a trip this summer holiday. (改为简单句)
She has no idea ___________ ___________ go for a trip this summer holiday.
【答案】 where to
【详解】句意：她不知道这个假期她去哪里旅游。宾语从句的简化：特殊疑问词+to+do，原句特殊疑问词where，后面加to。故填where；to。
38．（2022·上海崇明模拟预测）Jane wonders how she can buy some vegetables online during the special days.（改为简单句）
Jane wonders ________ ________ buy some vegetables online during the special days.
【答案】 how to
【详解】句意：Jane想知道如何在这特殊的日子里在网上买一些蔬菜。原句是how引导的宾语从句，改写后的句子用how+动词不定式作宾语。故填how；to。
39．（2022·上海黄浦二模）“You should have your temperature taken first,” said the doctor to me. (改为间接引语)
The doctor advised me ________ _____________my temperature taken first.
【答案】to have
【详解】句意：医生对我说:“你应该先量一下体温。”对某人说应该做某事，也可说成advise sb to do sth“建议某人做某事”。故填to have。
40．（2022·上海崇明·模拟）them, the unusual stone, took, a lot of time, it, to research（连词成句）
______________________________________________________________.
【答案】It took them a lot of time to research the unusual stone
【详解】固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth“花费某人一段时间做某事”；took“花费”；a lot of time“大量的时间”；research the unusual stone“研究不同寻常的石头”。故填It took them a lot of time to research the unusual stone“他们花了很多时间研究这块不寻常的石头”。
