专题11:情态动词 -备战2023年中考英语考试易错题(上海专用)(含解析)

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名称 专题11:情态动词 -备战2023年中考英语考试易错题(上海专用)(含解析)
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专题11 情态动词
1.(2022·上海中考真题)—_______ I use your glue I’m making a kite.
—No problem. Here you are.
A.Should B.Need C.Must D.May
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我可以用你的胶水吗?我在做风筝。——没问题。给你。
考查情态动词。Should应该;Need需要;Must必须;May可以。此处表征求他人的同意,应用May引导一般疑问句。故选D。
2.(2021·上海中考真题)—________ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition
—Sorry. The tickets are sold out.
A.Must B.Need C.Should D.May
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我可以买两张中国农民画展的票吗? ——很抱歉,票卖完了。
考查情态动词。Must必须;Need需要;Should应该;May可以。根据“I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition”可知,此处表示请求允许,用May引导一般疑问句。故选D。
3.(2020·上海中考真题)According to the traffic law,children under 12________ride bicycles on the road.
A.won't B.wouldn't C.needn't D.mustn't
【答案】D
【详解】句意:根据交通法,12岁以下的儿童不允许在路上骑自行车.
考查情态动词的用法。won't不将会;wouldn't不将会;needn't不必;mustn't不允许。根据children under 12"12岁以下的儿童"可知,"不允许"在路上骑自行车。用mustn't。故选D。
【点睛】考查情态动词。情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响,但是要考虑时态,交际用法等。结合语境,选择正确答案。
4.(2019·上海中考真题)According to the rule,used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes.
A.must B.need C.can D.may
【答案】A
【详解】句意:根据规定,废旧电池必须投到红色垃圾箱中,以防产生有害废物。
A. must必须;B. need需要;C. can能,会;D. may可以。根据下文in the red bin for harmful wastes.可知这里是说必须被丢到红色垃圾箱。根据题意,故选A。
5.(2018·上海中考真题)-Must I do the project on my own
-No, you____.You can work with your classmates.
A.needn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——我必须自己做这个项目吗?——不,你不需要。你可以和你的同学一起工作。A. needn’t不必;B. can’t 不能;C. shouldn’t不应该;D. mustn’t禁止,千万别。以must开头的一般疑问句,以must开头的疑问句,肯定回答用must,而否定回答则用needn’t或don’t have to,意为“不需要、不必”,而不能用mustn’t,故选A。
点睛:must的用法:①表示必须,否定式为mustn’t,意为“禁止”。②以must开头的疑问句,肯定回答用must,而否定回答则用needn’t或don’t have to,意为“不需要、不必”,而不能用mustn’t。这里要格外注意以情态动词开头的一般疑问句的回答并不一定都是“用什么问用什么答”,有时会有特例,本题便是,不能使用“mustn’t”,如果使用,意思就会变成“禁止”,而非“不需要”。
6.(2017·上海中考真题)—________ I park my car here for a while
—No, you mustn't. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”
A.Would B.May
C.Must D.Should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我可以把车在这儿停一会儿吗?——不,你不能。你看到“禁止停车”的标志了吗?在英语中,可以用may、might、can、could提出要求,表示请求“许可”。A.would和D.should用于委婉说法,表达的是“意愿”,可排除。而C.must强调的是“必须”,也可排除。故选B。
7.(2016·上海中考真题)A good friend is someone you share your pleasure and pain with.
A.ought B.need C.can D.must
【答案】C
【详解】句意:真正的好朋友是你可以与之分享快乐和痛苦的人。ought to应该;need需要;can能够,可以;must必须。A答案中缺少to,首先应排除。结合句意可知,能够与你分享快乐和痛苦的人才是一个真正的好朋友,答案为C。
8.(2015·上海中考真题)–Mum, ______ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow
--I’m afraid you can’t . It is closed on Monday .
A.must B.may C.should D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--妈妈,明天我可以参观电影博物馆吗?--恐怕你不能去,周一不开门。A. must 必须; B.may 可以,表示请求;C. should 应该;D. need需要。may I … 我可以做……?否定回答通常不用mayn’t经常用can’t或mustn’t. 结合句意,故选B。
9.(2014·上海中考真题)All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane.
A.can B.may C.must D.could
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在所有的乘客坐飞机之前他们必须经过安检。
can能,表示能力;may可以,表示允许;must必要,表示要求;ought应该,表示责任和义务。结合句意,坐飞机要进行安检,这是一个必须做的事情,故用情态动词must,故选C。
10.(2013·上海中考真题)— Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you,Dad
— No,you__________,son.You’re free to make your own decision.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】试题分析:句意:–我必须去上医学院像你一样当一个医生吗,爸爸?—不,你不必,儿子。你可以自由地做你自己的决定。can’t不能;mustn’t禁止,不允许;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必。对must开头的一般疑问句做否定回答,习惯用needn’t。所以选D。
11.(2012·上海中考真题)You _____ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.
A.may B.need C.should D.ought to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你晚上一个人在山上走,你可能会迷路。
考查情态动词的用法。 解题思路:此处由句意可知表示推测语气,选项B、C、D均不表示推测语气,may可能,表示推测,故选A。
知识图表 情态动词
情态动词 基本用法 例句
can/ could 1、表示能力,可译为“能,会”。 2、表示允许、许可,常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people. Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo How can you be so careless You can’t be too careful when driving.
may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may,但在正式场合用may。表示允许时,也可用might代替,might不表示过去时,而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可,常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you May you succeed!
must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,强调主观看法,可译为“必须,应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”;don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事,可译为“必然会,总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule. My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.
shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示,用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思,用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。 Shall they wait outside He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. (警告) Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.(决心) The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.
should 1、表示义务,意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用,表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测,可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等,意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless.
ought to 1、表示义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务而该做),口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测,暗含很大的可能,可译为“应该是,会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon.
will 1、表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求,用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window It’s a bit cold. The door won’t open.
would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. Would you like another glass of beer Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况,但现在已不存在。 2、否定:usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别: used to表示过去习惯动作或状态,强调“现已无此习惯了”,而would只表示过去的习惯动作,与现在无关,往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields. Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields.
need 1、作情态动词: need表示“需要”或“必须”,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用 must,have to,ought to,或 should代替。 否定:needn’t do 2、作实义动词: 后面接不定式(to do),有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定:need to do 否定:don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening.
dare 1、作情态动词: 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中,一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词: 在肯定句中,dare后面通常接带 to的不定式;而在否定和疑问句中,dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定:dare to do 否定:don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair If you dare come here, I will come to meet you.
1.(2023·上海黄浦·统考一模)A: Must I wear the seat belt throughout the journey
B: No, you ________.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:A:一路上我必须系上安全带吗?B:不,你不必。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止;wouldn’t将不;needn’t不必。must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答用don’t have to或needn’t,故选D。
2.(2023·上海闵行·统考一模)It looks like rain. You ________ water the plants in the garden any more.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:看起来要下雨了。你不需要再给花园里的植物浇水了。
考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不需要。根据“It looks like rain.”可知,要下雨了,所以不需要浇水。故选D。
3.(2023·上海静安·统考一模)“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A.can B.need C.must D.may
【答案】C
【详解】句意:“你必须排队等候。一件一件付款是这里的规定。”女士说。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够;need需要;must必须;may可能。根据“ It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one”可知,规定是必须要遵守的,故选C。
4.(2022·上海杨浦·统考二模)Take some warm clothes. The weather ________ change very quickly in the mountains.
A.can B.should C.must D.need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:带一些暖和的衣服,在山里面天气变化的很快。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“...change very quickly in the mountains.”可知此处表示客观存在的可能性,即天气会随时变化。此处符合“can”的用法。故选A。
5.(2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测)You ________ talk to your father in such an impolite way. You’d better say sorry to him.
A.mustn’t B.can C.should D.needn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你不可以用如此不礼貌的方式和你爸爸讲话。你最好跟他道歉。
考查情态动词。mustn’t不可以;can能;should应该;needn't不必。根据“in such an impolite way”可知,以不礼貌的方式和爸爸说话是不可以的。故选A。
6.(2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测)Look at the sign “No Feeding”. It means we ________ not feed the animals here.
A.may B.must C.need D.ought
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看“禁止喂食”的标志。 意思是我们不能在这里喂动物。
考查情态动词辨析。may可以;must必须、禁止;need需要;ought应该。根据“No Feeding”,可知这里是禁止喂动物的,用must,故选B。
7.(2022·上海普陀·统考二模)This work ________ take longer than we thought, but we are not sure.
A.may B.should C.need D.must
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这项工作可能需要比我们想象的更长的时间,但我们不确定。
考查情态动词辨析。may也许,可能;should应该;need需要;must必须。根据“This work …take longer than we thought, but we are not sure.”可知,此处表示不确定的推测,使用may。故选A。
8.(2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测)In 20 years’ time, there ________ be a new place –– the moon for you to take your vacation.
A.may B.need C.should D.dare
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在20年后,这可能会有一个你可以去度假的新地方——月球。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;need需要;should应该;dare敢。根据“ there ……be a new place –– the moon”可知,此处指可能有一个新地方,“may”“可能”表推测。故选A。
9.(2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测)She would rather ________ more time with her family than make more money.
A.spend B.spent C.spending D.to spend
【答案】A
【详解】句意:比起赚更多的钱,她宁愿花更多的时间陪家人。
考查情态动词后接动词原形。would rather do sth. than do sth.表示“宁愿做……而不愿做……”,情态动词would后接动词原形。故选A。
10.(2022·上海青浦·统考二模)We ________ be careful with our personal information when surfing online.
A.can B.may C.must D.need
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在上网时,我们必须小心自己的个人信息。
考查情态动词辨析。can能、会;may可能;must一定、必须;need需要。根据空后“when surfing online.”可知,应是必须小心自己的个人信息。故选C。
11.(2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测)We _______ close the windows and stay inside our flats when a typhoon is coming.
A.can B.may C.should D.would
【答案】C
【详解】句意:台风来临时,我们应该关上窗户,待在公寓里。
考查情态动词。can可以;may可能;should应该;would会。根据“We…close the windows and stay inside our flats when a typhoon is coming”可知,台风来临时,我们应该关上窗户,待在公寓里。因此此处用“should”,表示“应该”。故选C。
12.(2022·上海奉贤·统考二模)Zhao Xintong won the UK Championship on Dec 6,2021. _______ he bring home a world championship Let’s wait for some good news from him.
A.Can B.Must C.Should D.Need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:2021年12月6日,赵心彤夺得英锦赛冠军。 他能把世界冠军带回家吗? 让我们等待他的一些好消息。
考查情态动词。Can能;Must必须;Should应该;Need需要。根据“…he bring home a world championship ”可知,此处表示“他能把世界冠军带回家吗?”,因此用“Can”进行提问,表示“能够”。故选A。
13.(2022·上海黄浦·统考二模)Research shows that confidence in yourself ________ make it easier to step out of your comfort zone.
A.can B.should C.must D.need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:研究显示你的自信能让你更走出舒适区。
考查情态动词。can能;should应该;must必须;need需要。根据“make it easier to step out of your comfort zone”可知,句子表达“能够,可以”,用情态动词“can”。故选A。
14.(2022·上海金山·统考二模)Yuan Longping is a great agricultural scientist. We ________ respect and learn from him.
A.should B.need C.may D.can
【答案】A
【详解】句意:袁隆平是一位伟大的农业科学家。我们应该尊重他,向他学习。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该;need需要;may可以;can能。根据“Yuan Longping is a great agricultural scientist.”可知,此处是我们应该尊重,向他学习。故选A。
15.(2022·上海虹口·统考二模)As a rule the students________remain in their seats until all the papers are collected.
A.had better B.can C.may D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:按照规定,学生必须待在座位上,直到所有的试卷收齐。
考查情态动词辨析。had better最好;can可以;may可能;must必须。根据“As a rule”可知,是一种规定,因此必须待在座位上;故选D。
16.(2022·上海长宁·统考二模)— I found a school uniform on the playground.
— It belong to Alice. Look! Here is her name card.
A.could B.must C.need D.should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我在操场发现一件校服。——它一定是Alice的。看,这是她的姓名卡。
考查情态动词辨析。could能够;must一定是;need需要;should应该。根据“Here is her name card.”可知肯定是Alice的。故选B。
17.(2022·上海静安·统考二模)Students _______ be careful when they have swimming classes.
A.can B.must C.may D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生们上游泳课时一定要小心。
考查情态动词。can能;must必须;may可能;need需要。根据“have swimming classes.”可知,上游泳课时一定要小心,故选B。
18.(2022·上海浦东新·统考二模)You ________ make a decision right now. Think it over.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你现在不必做决定。仔细考虑一下。
考查情态动词。can’t不能;mustn’t禁止;needn‘t不必;may not可能不。根据Think it over.“仔细考虑一下。”可知,现在“不必”做决定。故选C。
19.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A.not spend B.not to spend C.not spent D.not spending
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你最好不要在玩电脑游戏上花太多时间。
考查情态动词had better。根据“You’d better…too much time playing computer games.”可知,本题考查情态动词had better+动词的原形,其否定形式是had better not+动词的原形。故选A。
20.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)We have rules in the classroom. We must ________ or write on the desks and chairs.
A.draw B.to draw C.not draw D.not to draw
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们在教室里有规则。我们不能在课桌和椅子上画画或写字。
考查情态动词后加动词原形的用法和否定句。情态动词must后应加原形动词draw,排除B和D;根据“We must...or write on the desks and chairs.”和选项可知,在课桌和椅子上画画或写字都是不对的,所以我们不能这么做,情态动词must后应加not表否定。故选C。
21.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)I’m sorry I ________ go now. It’s very late.
A.must B.can C.need D.could
【答案】A
【详解】句意:对不起,我现在必须走了。已经很晚了。
考查情态动词。must必须;can能,可以;need需要;could能,可以。根据“It’s very late.”可知,天很晚了,必须得走了。故选A。
22.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Bob’s new restaurant App ________ find restaurants close to the office.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:鲍勃的新餐厅应用程序可以找到办公室附近的餐厅。
考查情态动词。can能够;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据“Bob’s new restaurant App...find restaurants close to the office.”可知,此处表示这个应用程序所具备的能力,因此是can。故选A。
23.(2022·上海宝山·统考二模)The doctor has suggested that Tim _______ lose at least 10 pounds to stay healthy.
A.can B.should C.would D.may
【答案】B
【详解】句意:医生建议蒂姆应该至少减掉10磅以保持健康。
考查情态动词辨析。can能,会; should应该;would会;may可以。根据“The doctor has suggested”可知,此处是医生建议Tim应该减肥,故选B。
24.(2022·上海·模拟预测)It feels good to take a hot bath during cold winter, but it ________ also cause dry skin.
A.should B.must C.need D.can
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在寒冷的冬天洗个热水澡感觉很好,但也会导致皮肤干燥。
考查情态动词辨析。should应当;must必须、一定;need需要;can能、会。根据前句“It feels good to take a hot bath during cold winter,”和but的提示可知,应是会导致皮肤干燥,can符合语境。故选D。
25.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—Whose book is this
—It ______ be Tom’s. Look, his name is on it.
A.can B.might C.must D.can’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——这是谁的书?——它肯定是Tom的。看,他的名字在书的上面。
考查情态动词的词义辨析。can可能;might可能;must准是,肯定是;can’t不可能。根据“his name is on it”可知书上面有Tom的名词,因此书肯定是Tom的。故选C。
26.(2022·上海·模拟预测)— Have you prepared well for the coming weekend
— You ________ worry about it. I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你为即将到来的周末做好准备了吗?——你不必为此担心。我总是在计划到来之前就把它准备好。
考查情态动词辨析。shouldn’t不应该;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;can’t不能。根据“I always have my plans ready before it comes”可知,安慰对方不必担心,在计划到来之前就会准备好,故选C。
27.(2022·上海宝山·统考一模)There is enough milk and eggs in the fridge. So you ________ not buy any these days.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冰箱里有足够的牛奶和鸡蛋。所以现在你不用买了。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够;need必须;must必须;should应该。根据“There is enough milk and eggs in the fridge”可知,冰箱里有足够的食物,没必要再买了,故选B。
28.(2022·上海奉贤·统考一模)________ he finish this task without any help in two days
A.May B.Can C.Ought to D.Need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:两天之内他可以在没有任何帮助的情况下完成这项任务么?
考查情态动词。may可以,问句中表达委婉的语气;can能;ought to应该;need需要。根据“he finish this task without any help”可知句子表达“是否能够完成任务”,用情态动词“can”。故选B。
29.(2022·上海·模拟预测)According to the new traffic rules, people ________ wear a helmet when riding an e-bike.
A.can B.may C.need D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:根据新的交通规则,人们骑电动车时必须戴头盔。
考查情态动词。can能够;may可能;need需要;must必须;根据“According to the new traffic rules”及语境可知,这里是说骑电动车必须戴头盔,故选D。
30.(2022·上海徐汇·统考一模)Students ________ be aware of how learning habits will influence their learning outcomes.
A.must B.should C.can D.may
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生应该意识到学习习惯会如何影响他们的学习结果。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须;should应该;can能够;may可能。根据“Students...be aware of...”可知,句子表示建议,用should。故选B。
31.(2022·上海·模拟预测)People ________ use public transportation if they don’t wear masks(罩) or show the QR codes.
A.mustn’t B.wouldn’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果人们不戴口罩或不出示二维码,就不能使用公共交通工具。
考查情态动词。mustn’t“禁止”;wouldn’t“不会”;needn’t“不必”;couldn’t“不能够,不会”。根据常识和“if they don’t wear masks(罩) or show the QR codes”可知人们不戴口罩或不出示二维码禁止乘坐公共交通工具,故选A。
32.(2022·上海·模拟预测)To our surprise, the robot ________ communicate with us in five languages.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:令我们惊讶的是,这个机器人能够用五种语言与我们交流。
考查情态动词。can能,会;must必须;should应该;need需要。根据“...communicate with us in five languages.”可知,此处表示机器人的能力,它会说五种语言。故选A。
33.(2022·上海·模拟预测)The feeling of peace and quiet _________ come while you walk in the woods.
A.may B.can C.must D.need
【答案】A
【详解】句意:当您在树林中漫步时,可能会感到平和和安静。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;can能;must一定;need需要。根据“while you walk in the woods”可知,此处指可能会感到平和和安静。使用情态动词表推测,can表推测一般使用否定形式can’t,表示“不可能”。故选A。
34.(2022·上海·模拟预测)John! You’re having such a high fever. You’d better ________ the doctor right now.
A.to seeing B.seeing C.to see D.see
【答案】D
【详解】句意:约翰!你发高烧了。你最好马上去看医生。
考查情态动词的用法。to seeing介词后加动名词形式;seeing动名词形式/现在分词形式;to see动词不定式;see动词原形。had better“最好”,后加动词原形。故选D。
35.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Children above 1.2 meters in height ________ buy a ticket on the bus.
A.can B.may C.should D.will
【答案】C
【详解】句意:身高1.2米以上的儿童应在公共汽车上买票。
考查情态动词。can能,会;may可以;should应该;will将要。根据“Children above 1.2 meters in height”可知,身高1.2米以上的儿童应买票。故选C。
36.(2022·上海虹口·统考一模)Sorry, I’m afraid I ________ complete the difficult task by myself.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:对不起,恐怕我一个人完成不了这项艰巨的任务。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能够;needn’t不必;shouldn’t不应该。根据“...the difficult task...”可推知,因为这项任务太艰巨,所以“我”不能够完成它。故选B。
37.(2022·上海杨浦·统考一模)—Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.
—He ________ be out late every night or maybe he works at night.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——凯文每天早上在课堂上睡觉。——他一定是每天晚上很晚才回来,或者他晚上工作到很晚。
考查情态动词。can能,可能; need需要;must一定;should应该。根据“Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.”可知,他每天晚上一定很晚才回来,或者他晚上工作到很晚。此处是有把握的肯定推测,用must,故选C。
38.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—________ I have two tickets for the musical Les Miserable
—Sorry. The tickets are sold out.
A.Must B.Need C.Should D.May
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我可以要两张音乐剧《悲惨世界》的票吗?——很抱歉。票卖完了。
考查情态动词。must必须;need需要;should应该;may可以。根据“I have two tickets for the musical Les Miserable”可知,此处表示请求允许,用may引导一般疑问句。故选D。
39.(2022·上海闵行·统考一模)Nowadays even a smartphone ________ store huge amounts of information.
A.must B.can C.should D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如今即使是智能手机也能存储大量信息。
考查情态动词。must必须;can能;should应该;need需要,根据空前的“even a smartphone”和空后的“store huge amounts of information”可知,应该是即使是智能手机也能存储大量信息,用情态动词can,故选B。
40.(2022·上海·模拟预测)You ________ worry about your mother. She will soon be better after taking some medicine.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你没必要担心你的母亲。她吃一些药之后很快会变好的。
考查情态动词。can’t不可能;mustn’t不准;needn’t没必要;shouldn’t不应该。根据“She will soon be better after taking some medicine”可知表达的是“没必要担心”,用“needn’ t”。故选C。
41.(2022·上海普陀·统考一模)The machine ________ work well in the cold weather.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这台机器在寒冷的天气下不能很好地工作。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能够;needn’t不需要;shouldn’t不应该。根据“...work well in the cold weather.”可知在寒冷天气中机器不能很好地运作,故选B。
42.(2022·上海·统考一模)Smokers _________ smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意:从2017年3月1日起,吸烟者在所有的室内公共场所不准吸烟。
考查情态动词。mustn’t不准;needn’t没必要;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。根据“smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017”可知是条例规定强制不准抽烟,用情态动词否定形式“mustn’t”。故选A。
43.(2022·上海·统考一模)I just had my tooth pulled out. I’d better _________ noodles for dinner tonight.
A.cook B.to cook C.cooked D.cooking
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我刚把牙齿拔掉。今晚晚餐我最好下面条。
考查had better用法。固定短语had better do sth.“最后做某事”,动词用原形,故选A。
44.(2021·上海杨浦·统考三模)Julia has won prizes for her research. She ________ be really talented and hardworking.
A.can B.need C.should D.must
【答案】D
【详解】句意:朱莉娅因她的研究而获奖。她一定很有天赋,也很勤奋。
考查情态动词辨析。can能够/可以;need需要;should应该;must一定/必须。根据上文“Julia has won prizes for her research”和下文“talented and hardworking”,可知这里用must be肯定推测,表达“朱莉娅一定很有天赋,也很勤奋”。故选D。
45.(2019·上海黄浦·统考一模)— Look! Is the young lady wearing a blue dress Grace
— No, it ________ be her. She is picking up my sister at the railway station.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—— 看!那位穿蓝色裙子的年轻女士是格蕾丝吗!—— 不,不可能是她。她正在火车站接我妹妹。
考查情态动词。mustn’t不允许,禁止;can’t不可能;wouldn’t将不会;needn’t不需要。根据“She is picking up my sister at the railway station.”可知,那位穿蓝色裙子的年轻女士不可能是格蕾丝。故选B。
46.(2021·上海·模拟预测)We ________ always be thankful to our teachers for their support.
A.must B.should C.can D.could
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们应该总是感谢老师们的支持。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须;should应该;can可以;could可以,过去式。根据常识,对老师们的支持,我们应该感谢。故选B。
47.(2021·上海松江·统考二模)— Do we have to leave for the station at once
— No, we _________. There is plenty of time before the train starts.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我们必须马上动身去车站吗?——不,我们不需要。火车开动前还有很多时间。
考查情态动词的用法。mustn’t一定不要,禁止;needn’t不需要;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该。根据后文“There is plenty of time before the train starts”以及答语“No”可知,没必要马上动身去车站。故选B。
48.(2021·上海青浦·统考二模)Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He _______ fall into the water.
A.must B.should C.may D.need
【答案】C
【详解】句意:不要让孩子在河边走,他可能会掉进河里。
考查情态动词的用法。must必须;should应该;may表推测,可能;need需用。根据“Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He…fall into the water.”可知,此处应该是表示推测,指在河边走,可能会掉进河里。故选C。
49.(2021·上海青浦·统考二模)Ken broke his arm in the football match. He’d better _______ the doctor right now.
A.to see B.seeing C.see D.seen
【答案】C
【详解】句意:肯在足球赛中摔断了胳膊。他最好马上就去看医生。
考查had better的用法。to see动词不定式;seeing动名词;see动词原形;seen过去分词。had better do sth. 最好做某事。此处需用动词原形。故选C。
50.(2022·上海·统考二模)I’m afraid Mr. Harding __________ see you now—he’s having a meeting
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:恐怕Mr. Harding现在不能见你,他在开会。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不必。根据“he’s having a meeting”可知,恐怕Mr. Harding现在不能见你,故选B。专题11 情态动词
1.(2022·上海中考真题)—_______ I use your glue I’m making a kite.
—No problem. Here you are.
A.Should B.Need C.Must D.May
2.(2021·上海中考真题)—________ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition
—Sorry. The tickets are sold out.
A.Must B.Need C.Should D.May
3.(2020·上海中考真题)According to the traffic law,children under 12________ride bicycles on the road.
A.won't B.wouldn't C.needn't D.mustn't
4.(2019·上海中考真题)According to the rule,used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes.
A.must B.need C.can D.may
5.(2018·上海中考真题)-Must I do the project on my own
-No, you____.You can work with your classmates.
A.needn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t
6.(2017·上海中考真题)—________ I park my car here for a while
—No, you mustn't. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”
A.Would B.May
C.Must D.Should
7.(2016·上海中考真题)A good friend is someone you share your pleasure and pain with.
A.ought B.need C.can D.must
8.(2015·上海中考真题)–Mum, ______ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow
--I’m afraid you can’t . It is closed on Monday .
A.must B.may C.should D.need
9.(2014·上海中考真题)All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane.
A.can B.may C.must D.could
10.(2013·上海中考真题)— Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you,Dad
— No,you__________,son.You’re free to make your own decision.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
11.(2012·上海中考真题)You _____ lose your way if you walk alone in the mountains at night.
A.may B.need C.should D.ought to
知识图表 情态动词
情态动词 基本用法 例句
can/ could 1、表示能力,可译为“能,会”。 2、表示允许、许可,常用在口语中。could比can语气上要客气。 3、表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 4、can’t... too… /can’t… enough 再…也不为过。 The cinema can seat 1,000 people. Could/ Can you tell me how to get to the zoo How can you be so careless You can’t be too careful when driving.
may/ might 在口语中可用can, could代替may,但在正式场合用may。表示允许时,也可用might代替,might不表示过去时,而是表示口气比较婉转。 1、表示请求、许可,常译为“可以”。 2、用于祈使句表示祝愿。 May/Can /Could/ Might I have a talk with you May you succeed!
must/ have to 1、must表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,强调主观看法,可译为“必须,应该”。 2、have to表示因客观需要促使主语不得不做某事。 3、mustn’t表示“禁止”;don’t have to意思是“没有必要”= don’t need to。 4、must可用来表示根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事,可译为“必然会,总是会”。 5、must有时可用来表示“偏偏”的意思。 Everyone must obey the rule. My eyesight is very poor. I have to wear glasses for reading. You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone. You don’t have to tell me the secret. Truth must be out. When I was taking a nap, a student must knock at the door.
shall 1、表示征询意见或请求指示,用于一、三人称疑问句。 2、表示说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、威胁、决心”等意思,用于第二、三人称陈述句中。 3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。 Shall they wait outside He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. (警告) Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.(决心) The interest shall be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.
should 1、表示义务,意为“应该”(某件事宜于做)。 2、常与what, how, why等词连用,表示意外、惊讶等情绪。 3、表示对过去、现在或将来情况的某种推测,可译为“可能、照说应该”。 4、表惊讶、忧虑、惋惜等,意为“竟然”。 One shouldn’t be selfish. How should I know He should be taking a bath now. It’s a pity that you should be so careless.
ought to 1、表示义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务而该做),口气比should稍重。 2、表示推测,暗含很大的可能,可译为“应该是,会是”。 We ought to defend our country. Prices ought to come down soon.
will 1、表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。 2、表请求,用于疑问句。 3、表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 I will do anything for you. Will you close the window It’s a bit cold. The door won’t open.
would 1、表意愿。 2、表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 3、表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. Would you like another glass of beer Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
used to 1、表示过去的习惯或过去某时期的状况,但现在已不存在。 2、否定:usedn’t to/didn’t use to。 区别: used to表示过去习惯动作或状态,强调“现已无此习惯了”,而would只表示过去的习惯动作,与现在无关,往往要带有一个特定的时间状语。 He used to drink tea but now he drinks coffee. I usedn’t to go there./ I didn’t use to go there. Did you use to/Used you to go to the same school as your brother We used to play hide-and-seek in the fields. Whenever we were in the country, we would play hide-and-seek in the fields.
need 1、作情态动词: need表示“需要”或“必须”,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用 must,have to,ought to,或 should代替。 否定:needn’t do 2、作实义动词: 后面接不定式(to do),有人称、数和时态的变化。 肯定:need to do 否定:don’t need to do You needn’t come so early. He needs to finish it this evening. He doesn’t need to finish it this evening.
dare 1、作情态动词: 主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中,一般不用于肯定句。 2、作实义动词: 在肯定句中,dare后面通常接带 to的不定式;而在否定和疑问句中,dare后面的不定式可以不带to。 肯定:dare to do 否定:don’t dare (to) do —He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he —Yes, he dare./No, he daren’t. How dare you say I’m unfair If you dare come here, I will come to meet you.
1.(2023·上海黄浦·统考一模)A: Must I wear the seat belt throughout the journey
B: No, you ________.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t
2.(2023·上海闵行·统考一模)It looks like rain. You ________ water the plants in the garden any more.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
3.(2023·上海静安·统考一模)“You ________ wait in line. It’s the rule here to pay for the goods one by one.” The lady said.
A.can B.need C.must D.may
4.(2022·上海杨浦·统考二模)Take some warm clothes. The weather ________ change very quickly in the mountains.
A.can B.should C.must D.need
5.(2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测)You ________ talk to your father in such an impolite way. You’d better say sorry to him.
A.mustn’t B.can C.should D.needn’t
6.(2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测)Look at the sign “No Feeding”. It means we ________ not feed the animals here.
A.may B.must C.need D.ought
7.(2022·上海普陀·统考二模)This work ________ take longer than we thought, but we are not sure.
A.may B.should C.need D.must
8.(2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测)In 20 years’ time, there ________ be a new place –– the moon for you to take your vacation.
A.may B.need C.should D.dare
9.(2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测)She would rather ________ more time with her family than make more money.
A.spend B.spent C.spending D.to spend
10.(2022·上海青浦·统考二模)We ________ be careful with our personal information when surfing online.
A.can B.may C.must D.need
11.(2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测)We _______ close the windows and stay inside our flats when a typhoon is coming.
A.can B.may C.should D.would
12.(2022·上海奉贤·统考二模)Zhao Xintong won the UK Championship on Dec 6,2021. _______ he bring home a world championship Let’s wait for some good news from him.
A.Can B.Must C.Should D.Need
13.(2022·上海黄浦·统考二模)Research shows that confidence in yourself ________ make it easier to step out of your comfort zone.
A.can B.should C.must D.need
14.(2022·上海金山·统考二模)Yuan Longping is a great agricultural scientist. We ________ respect and learn from him.
A.should B.need C.may D.can
15.(2022·上海虹口·统考二模)As a rule the students________remain in their seats until all the papers are collected.
A.had better B.can C.may D.must
16.(2022·上海长宁·统考二模)— I found a school uniform on the playground.
— It belong to Alice. Look! Here is her name card.
A.could B.must C.need D.should
17.(2022·上海静安·统考二模)Students _______ be careful when they have swimming classes.
A.can B.must C.may D.need
18.(2022·上海浦东新·统考二模)You ________ make a decision right now. Think it over.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
19.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A.not spend B.not to spend C.not spent D.not spending
20.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)We have rules in the classroom. We must ________ or write on the desks and chairs.
A.draw B.to draw C.not draw D.not to draw
21.(2022·上海徐汇·统考二模)I’m sorry I ________ go now. It’s very late.
A.must B.can C.need D.could
22.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Bob’s new restaurant App ________ find restaurants close to the office.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
23.(2022·上海宝山·统考二模)The doctor has suggested that Tim _______ lose at least 10 pounds to stay healthy.
A.can B.should C.would D.may
24.(2022·上海·模拟预测)It feels good to take a hot bath during cold winter, but it ________ also cause dry skin.
A.should B.must C.need D.can
25.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—Whose book is this
—It ______ be Tom’s. Look, his name is on it.
A.can B.might C.must D.can’t
26.(2022·上海·模拟预测)— Have you prepared well for the coming weekend
— You ________ worry about it. I always have my plans ready before it comes.
A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.can’t
27.(2022·上海宝山·统考一模)There is enough milk and eggs in the fridge. So you ________ not buy any these days.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
28.(2022·上海奉贤·统考一模)________ he finish this task without any help in two days
A.May B.Can C.Ought to D.Need
29.(2022·上海·模拟预测)According to the new traffic rules, people ________ wear a helmet when riding an e-bike.
A.can B.may C.need D.must
30.(2022·上海徐汇·统考一模)Students ________ be aware of how learning habits will influence their learning outcomes.
A.must B.should C.can D.may
31.(2022·上海·模拟预测)People ________ use public transportation if they don’t wear masks(罩) or show the QR codes.
A.mustn’t B.wouldn’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t
32.(2022·上海·模拟预测)To our surprise, the robot ________ communicate with us in five languages.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
33.(2022·上海·模拟预测)The feeling of peace and quiet _________ come while you walk in the woods.
A.may B.can C.must D.need
34.(2022·上海·模拟预测)John! You’re having such a high fever. You’d better ________ the doctor right now.
A.to seeing B.seeing C.to see D.see
35.(2022·上海·模拟预测)Children above 1.2 meters in height ________ buy a ticket on the bus.
A.can B.may C.should D.will
36.(2022·上海虹口·统考一模)Sorry, I’m afraid I ________ complete the difficult task by myself.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
37.(2022·上海杨浦·统考一模)—Kevin falls asleep in class every morning.
—He ________ be out late every night or maybe he works at night.
A.can B.need C.must D.should
38.(2022·上海·模拟预测)—________ I have two tickets for the musical Les Miserable
—Sorry. The tickets are sold out.
A.Must B.Need C.Should D.May
39.(2022·上海闵行·统考一模)Nowadays even a smartphone ________ store huge amounts of information.
A.must B.can C.should D.need
40.(2022·上海·模拟预测)You ________ worry about your mother. She will soon be better after taking some medicine.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
41.(2022·上海普陀·统考一模)The machine ________ work well in the cold weather.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
42.(2022·上海·统考一模)Smokers _________ smoke in all indoor public places from March 1st, 2017.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
43.(2022·上海·统考一模)I just had my tooth pulled out. I’d better _________ noodles for dinner tonight.
A.cook B.to cook C.cooked D.cooking
44.(2021·上海杨浦·统考三模)Julia has won prizes for her research. She ________ be really talented and hardworking.
A.can B.need C.should D.must
45.(2019·上海黄浦·统考一模)— Look! Is the young lady wearing a blue dress Grace
— No, it ________ be her. She is picking up my sister at the railway station.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.wouldn’t D.needn’t
46.(2021·上海·模拟预测)We ________ always be thankful to our teachers for their support.
A.must B.should C.can D.could
47.(2021·上海松江·统考二模)— Do we have to leave for the station at once
— No, we _________. There is plenty of time before the train starts.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.shouldn’t
48.(2021·上海青浦·统考二模)Don’t let the child walk near the lake. He _______ fall into the water.
A.must B.should C.may D.need
49.(2021·上海青浦·统考二模)Ken broke his arm in the football match. He’d better _______ the doctor right now.
A.to see B.seeing C.see D.seen
50.(2022·上海·统考二模)I’m afraid Mr. Harding __________ see you now—he’s having a meeting
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t