专题15 祈使句、特殊、反义疑问句及其它
1．（2022·上海中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy.
A．and B．or C．but D．for
2．（2022·上海中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it
—Perhaps it’s Mary’s.
A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why
3．（2021·上海中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last
— About 40 days.
A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often
4．（2021·上海中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________
A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it
5．（2020·上海中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience．
A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who
6．（2018·上海中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put
7．（2015·上海中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday —Peter’s.
A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who
8．（2015·上海中考真题）Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently.
A．or B．and C．so D．but
9．（2016·上海中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China
—Two.
A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long
10．（2017·上海中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______
A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she
11．（2014·上海中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead.
A．Drive B．To drive
C．Drove D．Driving
12．（2015·上海中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in.
A．going over B．went over
C．go over D．to go over
13．（2012·上海中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he
A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t
14．（2012·上海中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one
I prefer the red one
A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which
15．（2020·上海统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right．
A．come B．came C．coming D．to come
16．（2013·上海中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club
—Since the first month I came to the school.
A．How old B．How long
C．How much D．How soon
17．（2012·上海中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks.
A．but B．and C．or D．so
18．（2012·上海中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government
-- To read the news and search for the information they need.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．What
知识图表 初中常考各种英语句式
陈述句（肯定与否定）
1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
一般疑问句
1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike
2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）
____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food
注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
特殊疑问句
what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy.
1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school 2. How long is that ruler How long have you stayed in Shanghai 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month -Three times -How soon will you come back -In 2 hours. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater
反义疑问句
前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he
前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he
前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)
His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____
4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）
There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？
否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he
几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we 2. Don't do that again, will you 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we
注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______ A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it
注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't
注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。 例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)
He's already finished his homework, ______ _____
②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)
He's already a little weak in English,______ _____
命题点一：祈使句、陈述句（肯定句+否定句）
1．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We ________ any drinks because there is enough in the fridge.
A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．not need D．don’t need to
2．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spent D．not spending
3．（2020·上海杨浦·统考二模）It took me an hour to get to school this morning. Most days it ______ so long.
A．not take B．doesn’t take C．didn’t take D．isn’t taking
4．（2021·上海·模拟预测）It’s raining heavily, but I would rather ________ for class. So I must go now.
A．not to be late B．don’t late C．not be late D．don’t to be late
5．（2022·上海·模拟预测）It was a cold winter’s night. It ________ but it was very windy.
A．isn’t raining B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．wasn’t raining
6．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Mind your steps as you go, ________ you’ll fall down into the river.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
7．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）“Sandy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum.
A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be
8．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Don’t raise your hopes too high, ________ you will be sad.
A．so B．and C．or D．but
9．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）Don’t waste any water resources, ________ you’ll run out of them in the near future.
A．or B．so C．and D．but
10．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Alice, ________ your boarding passes online to save your valuable time, please.
A．print B．printing C．prints D．to print
11．（2022·上海·模拟预测）________ from your mistakes, or you’ll end up making the same mistakes over and over again.
A．Learned B．Learning C．To learn D．Learn
12．（2022·上海静安·统考一模）Linda, ________ the weather forecast before you go on a trip.
A．checks B．check C．checking D．to check
13．（2022·上海虹口·统考一模）Don’t jump to conclusions, ________ you may make a mistake.
A．and B．so C．or D．for
14．（2021·上海·模拟预测）“Jason, ________ afraid of speaking in public. Just believe in yourself.”said Mum.
A．not be B．not to be C．be not D．don’t be
15．（2017·上海杨浦·统考一模）______ the coat in water! Have it dry cleaned.
A．Not wash B．Don’t wash C．Not washing D．Not to wash
命题点二：特殊疑问句、反义疑问句
16．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）—________ has the family had the Sweeper robot
—Since three years ago.
A．How old B．How often C．How long D．How much
17．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）My mum is busy cleaning the house. She needs some help, ________
A．need she B．needn’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she
18．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）You never use disposable chopsticks, ________
A．are you B．aren’t you C．do you D．don’t you
19．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）—— ________ do you use the Internet to write e-mails to your friends in other cities
—— Once a week.
A．How soon B．How far C．How long D．How often
20．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Mrs. Green found her husband’s voice sounded strange on the phone, ________
A．doesn’t she B．didn’t she C．hasn’t she D．isn’t she
21．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）— ________ will you give your students a speech on AI technology, Dr. Liu
— Tomorrow afternoon.
A．When B．Why C．What D．Where
22．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Promise me to listen carefully and take notes during online lessons, ________
A．can we B．are you C．will you D．shall we
23．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）The doctors have done their best to save the dying patient, ________
A．have they B．haven’t they C．did they D．didn’t they
24．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Annie has bought a new shirt for her grandpa, ________
A．has she B．hasn’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she
25．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）— ________ do you go to the library with your classmate
— Almost every week.
A．How soon B．How far C．How often D．How long
26．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）—________ differences can you find between the two pictures, Kevin
—Five.
A．How many B．How much C．When D．Which
27．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）—_______ is the nearest underground station
—It’s about ten minutes’ walk from here.
A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How soon
28．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Why not _________ abroad to learn more about the outside world during the holidays
A．travel B．to travel C．travelling D．to travelling
29．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）People have seldom seen a teenager with so much talent like Eileen Gu, ________
A．do they B．don’t they C．have they D．haven’t they
30．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）— ________ is Guangzhou Metro Line 18
—It is 176 km per hour.
A．How fast B．How long C．How soon D．How many
31．（2022·上海浦东新·统考二模）—________ do you usually wake up in the morning？
—At about past five.
A．What about B．What time C．How soon D．How fast
32．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）—________ do you go to the theatre
—Once a month.
A．How often B．How much C．How long D．How soon
33．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—________ do you need to feed your baby
—Once every three or four hours, at least.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
34．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）— ________ presentation are you more interested in, Edward’s or Emma’s
—I like both.
A．What B．Whose C．Who D．Whom
35．（2022·上海·模拟预测）His new flat is just 5 minutes’ walk from the underground station, isn’t ________
A．that B．there C．his D．it
36．（2022·上海·模拟预测）The detective promised to try his best to solve the case, ________
A．didn’t he B．doesn’t he C．hasn’t he D．wasn’t he
37．（2022·上海宝山·统考一模）Mr Li is very kind. He has never lost his temper, ________ he
A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t
38．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）Which would you like to read now, the novel ________ the newspaper
A．so B．or C．but D．for
39．（2017·上海崇明·校联考一模）I want to relax myself． Shall we go out to the cinema______stay at home tonight？
A．so B．but C．for D．or
40．（2017·上海闵行·统考一模）Which one is heavier, the wooden ball ______ the iron ball
A．and B．or C．so D．but
命题点三：倒装句及其它特殊句式
41．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much.
— Let me have a try. So ________.
A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it
42．（2017·上海长宁·统考二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software．
________
A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I．
43．（2017·上海青浦·统考二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________.
A．So do I . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I
44．（2019·上海·校联考模拟预测）Taiwan Island is part of China. _____ the South China Sea Islands.
A．So are B．So do C．Neither are D．Neither do
45．（2014·上海浦东新·统考二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin.
A．Neither is B．Neither has
C．So is D．So has专题15 祈使句、特殊、反义疑问句及其它
1．（2022·上海中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy.
A．and B．or C．but D．for
【答案】A
【详解】句意： 保持均衡的饮食和有规律的运动，你就会保持健康。
考查连词。and表并列或递进，和；or否则，或者；but但是；for因为。根据句型“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”可知，此处用and表递进关系。故选A。
2．（2022·上海中考真题）—There is an umbrella in the corner of the classroom. ________ is it
—Perhaps it’s Mary’s.
A．Whose B．Who C．When D．Why
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——教室的角落里有一把伞。它是谁的？——也许是玛丽的。
考查特殊疑问句。Whose谁的；Who谁；When什么时候；Why为什么。根据答句“Perhaps it’s Mary’s”可知，此处在问物品的归属，故应用特殊疑问词whose。故选A。
3．（2021·上海中考真题）— The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. ________ does it last
— About 40 days.
A．How long B．How soon C．How far D．How often
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——第十届中国花卉博览会在崇明举行。 它持续多长时间？——大约40天。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。根据“About 40 days”可知，此处对时间段提问，因此用疑问词how long，故选A。
4．（2021·上海中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________
A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。
5．（2020·上海中考真题）—________is in charge of the summer concert？ —Jessie．She has a lot of experience．
A．Where B．Why C．What D．Who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——谁负责夏季音乐会？——杰西。她很有经验。
考查特殊疑问词词义辨析。Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么；Who谁。根据Jessie"杰西"可知，对人提问用Who"谁"。故选D。
6．（2018·上海中考真题）Please______the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
A．puts B．put C．putting D．to put
【答案】B
【详解】句意：请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头，故答案为B。
7．（2015·上海中考真题）— father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday —Peter’s.
A．Whose B．What C．Which D．Who
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析：结合答语“Peter’s”可推断问句应表示“昨天谁的爸爸参加了社区里的慈善活动”，故所缺的特殊疑问词是whose。
8．（2015·上海中考真题）Leave the reference books behind, _____ you won’t be able to think independently.
A．or B．and C．so D．but
【答案】A
【详解】句意：把参考书放到一边，否则你将不能独立思考。A. or 否则，或者；B. and 并且；并列连词；C.so 所以，结果状语从句；D.but但是，转折状语从句。“祈使句+or +陈述句”，表示 “……，否则，……”。根据句式及句意，故选A。
9．（2016·上海中考真题）_____ Diaey amusement parks are there in China
—Two.
A．How many B．How often C．How soon D．How long
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——中国有多少家Diaey 游乐园？——两家。根据Two可知此处对数量提问，故用how many，故选A。
点睛：how many多少，对数量提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how soon多久，对将要用的时间提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问。
10．（2017·上海中考真题）Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, ______
A．is she B．does she C．isn’t she D．doesn’t she
【答案】B
【详解】句意：屠呦呦教授从来也没有停止对中药的研究，是吗？这是一个反义疑问句。在反义疑问句中，当陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用否定式；反之，则用肯定式。由句中的never可知，前半部分陈述是否定意义，后面的反义问句应该用肯定式，不能出现not，可排除C/D。同时，屠呦呦是单数人称，stop是实意动词，所以助动词用does，可排除A。故选B。
11．（2014·上海中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a school ahead.
A．Drive B．To drive
C．Drove D．Driving
【答案】A
【详解】句意：小心开，米歇尔！前面有所学校。英语祈使句中谓语动词一般用原形，故选A。
12．（2015·上海中考真题）Please ______ your exam papers once again before handing them in.
A．going over B．went over
C．go over D．to go over
【答案】C
【详解】句意：请在上交考试卷之前，再次检查你的试卷。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，如果你的语气比较客气，或者出于礼貌，可以在动词原形前面加please。go over,检查。结合句意，可知是比较有礼貌的提醒，故选C。
13．（2012·上海中考真题）Your English teacher has never lost his temper, _____ he
A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查点：反义疑问句的用法。 解题思路：该句时态为现在完成时，句中有否定词never，根据“前否后肯”原则，正确答案选A。
14．（2012·上海中考真题）_____ T-shirt do you like better, the red one or the blue one
I prefer the red one
A．How much B．How many C．Whose D．Which
【答案】D
【详解】考查点：选择疑问句的用法。 解题思路：此处or意为“或者”，是一个选择疑问句，句意为“—这件红衬衫和这件蓝衬衫，你更喜欢哪一件？—我更喜欢那件红色的。”故答案选D。
15．（2020·上海统考中考真题）—Tom，________here to carry the luggage upstairs for me，will you？ —All right．
A．come B．came C．coming D．to come
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——汤姆，过来帮我把行李搬到楼上，好吗？——好的。
考查祈使句。come原形；came过去式；coming动名词；to come动词不定式；根据句子结构，可知省略了主语，是祈使句，用动词原形；故选A。
16．（2013·上海中考真题）—_______ have you been in the sports club
—Since the first month I came to the school.
A．How old B．How long
C．How much D．How soon
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析：句意：你加入这个运动俱乐部多久了？——自从我来到这个学校的第一个月。How old多大；How long 多长；How much 多少钱；How soon 多久一次。根据下文答语可知上文问的是时间长短，故答案选B。
17．（2012·上海中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks.
A．but B．and C．or D．so
【答案】C
【详解】句意：仔细考试，否则你得不到满分。
考查并列连词的用法。 句型“祈使句，+or+一般将来时的陈述句”，祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设关系；句型“祈使句，+and+一般将来时的陈述句” 祈使句和陈述句表示在以祈使句为条件下的顺承假设关系；本句是相反的结果，故选B。
18．（2012·上海中考真题）-- ______do millions of online users visit the home page of the government
-- To read the news and search for the information they need.
A．When B．Where C．Why D．What
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——为什么数以百万计的网民访问政府主页？ ——阅读新闻，寻找他们需要的信息。考查疑问词，由答句的to表目的可知问为什么，应该用why，所以选C。
知识图表 初中常考各种英语句式
陈述句（肯定与否定）
1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
一般疑问句
1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike
2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）
____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food
注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
特殊疑问句
what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy.
1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school 2. How long is that ruler How long have you stayed in Shanghai 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month -Three times -How soon will you come back -In 2 hours. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater
反义疑问句
前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he
前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he
前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)
His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____
4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）
There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？
否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he
几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we 2. Don't do that again, will you 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we
注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______ A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it
注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't
注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。 例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)
He's already finished his homework, ______ _____
②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)
He's already a little weak in English,______ _____
命题点一：祈使句、陈述句（肯定句+否定句）
1．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We ________ any drinks because there is enough in the fridge.
A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．not need D．don’t need to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们不需要任何饮料，因为冰箱里有足够的了。
考查动词。need“需要”，作为情态动词时，后面接动词原形，其否定形式为needn’t；作为实义动词时，后面接名词，代词或动词不定式作宾语，其否定形式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need。此处接名词any drinks作宾语，因此need作实义动词，主语we是复数形式，否定句需借助助动词don’t，即don’t need，故选B。
2．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spent D．not spending
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你最好不要在玩电脑游戏上花太多时间。
考查情态动词had better。根据“You’d better…too much time playing computer games.”可知，本题考查情态动词had better+动词的原形，其否定形式是had better not+动词的原形。故选A。
3．（2020·上海杨浦·统考二模）It took me an hour to get to school this morning. Most days it ______ so long.
A．not take B．doesn’t take C．didn’t take D．isn’t taking
【答案】B
【详解】句意：今天早上花了我一个小时到学校，大多数时候不会花这么长时间的。
考查动词的时态。doesn’t take一般现在时的否定；didn’t take一般过去时态的否定；isn’t taking现在进行时的否定。根据“Most days”可知此处讲述一般的情况，谓语动词用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词的否定用doesn’t take。故选B。
4．（2021·上海·模拟预测）It’s raining heavily, but I would rather ________ for class. So I must go now.
A．not to be late B．don’t late C．not be late D．don’t to be late
【答案】C
【详解】句意：雨下得很大，但我宁愿上课不迟到。所以我现在必须走了。
考查否定句及固定搭配。be late迟到，would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”，其否定形式为would rather not do sth.，结合选项，只有C选项符合题意，故选C。
5．（2022·上海·模拟预测）It was a cold winter’s night. It ________ but it was very windy.
A．isn’t raining B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．wasn’t raining
【答案】D
【详解】句意：那是一个寒冷的冬夜。虽然没有下雨，但风很大。
考查动词时态。根据前句“It was a cold winter’s night.”和空后句“but it was very windy.”的语境可知，空处表示过去的某个动作没有正在进行，故应用过去进行时的否定形式，构成形式为：wasn’t/weren’t doing；主语是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用wasn’t，rain的现在分词是raining。故选D。
6．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Mind your steps as you go, ________ you’ll fall down into the river.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你走的时候当心脚下，否则你会掉到河里去的。
考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so因此；or否则。此句是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的结构，根据“Mind your steps as you go, … you’ll fall down into the river”可知，要当心脚下，否则就会掉到河里，故选D。
7．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）“Sandy, ________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a little girl.” said Mum.
A．be not B．not to be C．not be D．don’t be
【答案】D
【详解】句意：“桑迪，不要害怕在公众面前讲话。你不在是小女孩了。”妈妈说。
考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，句子省略了主语，是祈使句的否定形式，句子结构为don’t+动词原形，意为不要害怕在公众面前讲话。故选D。
8．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Don’t raise your hopes too high, ________ you will be sad.
A．so B．and C．or D．but
【答案】C
【详解】句意：不要抱太高的希望，否则你会伤心的。
考查并列连词。so因此；and和；or或者，否则；but但是；分析句子结构可知，此处是“祈使句，or/and+简单句”的结构，前后两句是转折关系，应用or连接，故选C。
9．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）Don’t waste any water resources, ________ you’ll run out of them in the near future.
A．or B．so C．and D．but
【答案】A
【详解】句意：不要浪费任何水资源，否则在不久的将来你就会用光的。
考查连词辨析。or否则；so因此；and和；but但是。此处是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的结构，根据“Don’t waste any water resources,… you’ll run out of them in the near future”可知，此处说的是否则将来就会用光水资源，故选A。
10．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Alice, ________ your boarding passes online to save your valuable time, please.
A．print B．printing C．prints D．to print
【答案】A
【详解】句意：爱丽丝，请在网上打印您的登机证，以节省您的宝贵时间。
考查祈使句。分析句子可知，本句为祈使句，要求对方网上打印登机牌，表达肯定的祈使句要用动词原形。故选A。
11．（2022·上海·模拟预测）________ from your mistakes, or you’ll end up making the same mistakes over and over again.
A．Learned B．Learning C．To learn D．Learn
【答案】D
【详解】句意：从错误中学习，否则你会一次又一次地犯同样的错误。
考查祈使句用法。根据“or you’ll end up making the same mistakes over and over again.”可知，上文应该是提出一个建议。结合连词or“否则”，上文必须是一个完整的句子。此处使用祈使句表建议，祈使句是以动词原形开头，learn“学习”符合语境。故选D。
12．（2022·上海静安·统考一模）Linda, ________ the weather forecast before you go on a trip.
A．checks B．check C．checking D．to check
【答案】B
【详解】句意：琳达，在你去旅行之前，查一下天气预报。
考查祈使句。由语境可知，本句是对Linda提出建议，故使用祈使句，动词原形开头，故选B。
13．（2022·上海虹口·统考一模）Don’t jump to conclusions, ________ you may make a mistake.
A．and B．so C．or D．for
【答案】C
【详解】句意：不要妄下结论，否则你可能会犯错误。
考查连词辨析。and和；so因此；or否则；for因为。根据“Don’t jump to conclusions,… you may make a mistake.”可知，此句是“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的结构，前文是后文的否定条件，用or表示“否则”，故选C。
14．（2021·上海·模拟预测）“Jason, ________ afraid of speaking in public. Just believe in yourself.”said Mum.
A．not be B．not to be C．be not D．don’t be
【答案】D
【详解】句意：妈妈说：“杰森，不要害怕在公共场合讲话，相信你自己”。
考查祈使句的否定形式。根据句中标点符号“,”以及形容词afraid可知，此处是be型祈使句，即：be+表语+其他，否定形式为don’t be+表语+其他，所以此处使用don’t be。故选D。
15．（2017·上海杨浦·统考一模）______ the coat in water! Have it dry cleaned.
A．Not wash B．Don’t wash C．Not washing D．Not to wash
【答案】B
【详解】句意：不要在水里洗外套！把它干洗。
根据否定祈使句的构成为1、Don’t+动词原形；2、No+动名词形式，故答案选B。
命题点二：特殊疑问句、反义疑问句
16．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）—________ has the family had the Sweeper robot
—Since three years ago.
A．How old B．How often C．How long D．How much
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个家庭拥有扫地机器人多久了？——从三年前开始。
考查特殊疑问句。How old多大年龄；How often多久一次；How long多久；How much多少，多少钱。根据答语“Since three years ago.”可知，对时间段提问，用How long。故选C。
17．（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）My mum is busy cleaning the house. She needs some help, ________
A．need she B．needn’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我妈妈正忙着打扫房子。她需要帮助，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。needs在这里是实义动词的三单形式，陈述部分用肯定，疑问部分用否定，助动词借助于助动词does，代词用she，故选D。
18．（2022·上海杨浦·统考二模）You never use disposable chopsticks, ________
A．are you B．aren’t you C．do you D．don’t you
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你从来不用一次性筷子，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定”的原则，根据“never”可知，前半句为否定，故后面应该是肯定的，故排除B、D项。根据“use”可知，反意疑问句中应该用助动词do。故选C。
19．（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）—— ________ do you use the Internet to write e-mails to your friends in other cities
—— Once a week.
A．How soon B．How far C．How long D．How often
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你多久使用互联网给其他城市的朋友写一次电子邮件？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久之后；How far多远；How long时间多长；How often多久一次。根据“Once a week”一周一次，可知应该是问频率，故选D。
20．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）Mrs. Green found her husband’s voice sounded strange on the phone, ________
A．doesn’t she B．didn’t she C．hasn’t she D．isn’t she
【答案】B
【详解】句意：格林夫人发现她丈夫的声音在电话里听起来很奇怪，对吗？
考查反意疑问句。分析句子可知，此处是反意疑问句：陈述句+附加疑问句。再根据谓语“found”可知，附加疑问句由didn’t和主语she构成。故选B。
21．（2022·上海嘉定·统考模拟预测）— ________ will you give your students a speech on AI technology, Dr. Liu
— Tomorrow afternoon.
A．When B．Why C．What D．Where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——刘博士，你什么时候给学生们做一次关于人工智能技术的演讲？——明天下午。
考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；Why为什么；What什么；Where哪里。根据“Tomorrow afternoon”可知，此处提问的是时间，使用when。故选A。
22．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）Promise me to listen carefully and take notes during online lessons, ________
A．can we B．are you C．will you D．shall we
【答案】C
【详解】句意：答应我在网上上课时认真听讲，做笔记，好吗？
考查反意疑问句。句子是祈使句，反意疑问句部分用will you，故选C。
23．（2022·上海宝山·统考二模）The doctors have done their best to save the dying patient, ________
A．have they B．haven’t they C．did they D．didn’t they
【答案】B
【详解】句意：医生们已经尽了最大的努力来挽救垂死的病人，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，陈述部分是肯定句，所以反问部分用否定，排除AC选项；陈述部分是现在完成时，所以反问用助动词have，故选B。
24．（2022·上海普陀·统考二模）Annie has bought a new shirt for her grandpa, ________
A．has she B．hasn’t she C．does she D．doesn’t she
【答案】B
【详解】句意：Annie已经给她的祖父买了一件新的衬衣，是不是？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句前肯后否，前否后肯，本句前面是肯定，完成时has done结构，后面应该是完成时的否定结构，故选B。
25．（2022·上海青浦·统考二模）— ________ do you go to the library with your classmate
— Almost every week.
A．How soon B．How far C．How often D．How long
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你多久和同学去一次图书馆？—— 几乎每个星期都去。
考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久以后；How far多远；How often多久一次；How long多长时间。结合“Almost every week.”可知，此处问的是动作发生的频率，应用how often提问，故选C。
26．（2022·上海崇明·统考模拟预测）—________ differences can you find between the two pictures, Kevin
—Five.
A．How many B．How much C．When D．Which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——在这两张图片中，你能找到多少处不同，凯文？——五处。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，用于提问可数名词复数；How much多少，用于提问不可数名词；When什么时候；Which哪一个。根据“differences”和答语“Five”可知，此处询问多少处不同，是对可数名词复数的提问。故选A。
27．（2022·上海徐汇·统考模拟预测）—_______ is the nearest underground station
—It’s about ten minutes’ walk from here.
A．How long B．How far C．How often D．How soon
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——最近的地铁站有多远？——从这里步行约十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对一段时间提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How soon多久，对将来的时间进行提问，回答一般用In加上时间段。根据答语“It’s about ten minutes’ walk from here.”可知，此处是对距离提问。故选B。
28．（2022·上海虹口·统考二模）Why not _________ abroad to learn more about the outside world during the holidays
A．travel B．to travel C．travelling D．to travelling
【答案】A
【详解】句意：为什么不在假期期间出国旅行，更多地了解外面的世界呢？
考查特殊疑问句。Why not do sth. 为固定句型，意为“为什么不做某事呢？”。故选A。
29．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）People have seldom seen a teenager with so much talent like Eileen Gu, ________
A．do they B．don’t they C．have they D．haven’t they
【答案】C
【详解】句意：人们很少看到像顾爱玲这样有才华的青少年，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，陈述部分有否定词seldom，所以反问应用肯定，排除BD选项。又因陈述部分是现在完成时，所以助动词用have，故选C。
30．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）— ________ is Guangzhou Metro Line 18
—It is 176 km per hour.
A．How fast B．How long C．How soon D．How many
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——广州地铁18号线有多快？——每小时176公里。
考查特殊疑问句。how fast多快；how long多久；how soon多久以后；how many多少。根据“It is 176 km per hour.”可知，询问地铁有多快，故选A。
31．（2022·上海浦东新·统考二模）—________ do you usually wake up in the morning？
—At about past five.
A．What about B．What time C．How soon D．How fast
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你通常早上几点起床？——大约五点多。
考查特殊疑问句。What about……怎么样；What time几点；How soon多快，多久以后，回答用“in+一段时间”来回答；How fast多块，对速度提问。根据答句“At about past five.”可知，询问时间，几点起床，用What time。故选B。
32．（2022·上海闵行·统考二模）—________ do you go to the theatre
—Once a month.
A．How often B．How much C．How long D．How soon
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你多久去看一次戏？——一个月一次。
考查特殊疑问词。How often多久一次；How much多少；How long多长时间；How soon多久。根据“Once a month.”可知此处问的是频率，故选A。
33．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—________ do you need to feed your baby
—Once every three or four hours, at least.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你需要多久喂一次宝宝？——至少三四个小时一次。
考查特殊疑问句。How far“多远”，提问距离；How soon“多久以后”，用于一般将来时；How long“多长时间”，提问时间段；How often“多久一次”，提问频率。根据“Once every three or four hours”表示频率可知，应用how often。故选D。
34．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）— ________ presentation are you more interested in, Edward’s or Emma’s
—I like both.
A．What B．Whose C．Who D．Whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——谁的演示你更感兴趣，Edward的还是Emma的？——两个我都喜欢。
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Whose谁的；Who谁；Whom谁，宾格。根据“Edward’s or Emma’s”可知此处应该是表示谁的演示，whose表示“谁的”，符合语境。故选B。
35．（2022·上海·模拟预测）His new flat is just 5 minutes’ walk from the underground station, isn’t ________
A．that B．there C．his D．it
【答案】D
【详解】句意：他的新公寓离地铁站只有5分钟的步行路程，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句的用法。反意疑问句里的反问部分主语一般是人称代词，指代前面的的事物或人，此处应需要一个代词指代“5分钟的步行路程”，表示距离，应用it，故选D。
36．（2022·上海·模拟预测）The detective promised to try his best to solve the case, ________
A．didn’t he B．doesn’t he C．hasn’t he D．wasn’t he
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个侦探答应尽他最大的努力来侦破这个案子，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。根据“promised”可知此处是一般过去时，反问部分用“didn’t he”。故选A。
37．（2022·上海宝山·统考一模）Mr Li is very kind. He has never lost his temper, ________ he
A．has B．hasn’t C．did D．didn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：李先生很和蔼。他从不发脾气，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”，此句陈述部分有否定词never，故疑问部分用肯定，且疑问部分的助动词与陈述部分has保持一致，故选A。
38．（2022·上海静安·统考二模）Which would you like to read now, the novel ________ the newspaper
A．so B．or C．but D．for
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你现在想读哪一本，小说还是报纸？
考查连词。so因此；or或者，还是；but但是；for因为；根据句子结构可知，句子是选择疑问句，选择部分要用or连接，故选B。
39．（2017·上海崇明·校联考一模）I want to relax myself． Shall we go out to the cinema______stay at home tonight？
A．so B．but C．for D．or
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我想放松一下。今晚我们是出去看电影还是呆在家里？
考查连词，A：所以； B：但是； C：为了； D：或者，结合句意，这里是表示二者选一，故选D。
【点睛】表示转折关系的并列连词：
主要有but(但是)；yet(可是)；while(而，却)等。
表选择的并列连词：
主要有or (或者，还是，否则)；either．．．or．．．(不是．．．就是．．．)；neither．．．or．．．(既不．．．也不．．．)；otherwise(要不然)等。
表示因果关系的并列连词：
主要有for(因为)；so(因此)等。
40．（2017·上海闵行·统考一模）Which one is heavier, the wooden ball ______ the iron ball
A．and B．or C．so D．but
【答案】B
【详解】句意：木球和铁球，哪一个更重？
本题考查连词。and而且，or或者，so所以，but但是。根据Which one is heavier此处表示两者中进行选择，用连词or。故选B。
命题点三：倒装句及其它特殊句式
41．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much.
— Let me have a try. So ________.
A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这支笔虽然不贵，但很好写。——让我试试。的确如此。
考查“So+主语+助动词”句型。So+主语+助动词，表示“的确，确实”；so+助动词+主语，表示“也”。根据“Let me have a try.”可知我尝试过后，认为对方说的对，故表示“的确是”；上句的谓语writes，故此处代指这个动词用do的各种形式，主语it是第三人称单数，用助动词does，故为So it does。故选C。
42．（2017·上海长宁·统考二模）一I don't I know how to use the latest software．
________
A．So do I． B．So am I． C．Neither do I．
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不知道如何使用最新的软件。 ——我也不知道。
"So+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"这一结构主要用来说明前者所说的情况也适应后者，意为"…也一样"根据题干，在这个结构中的助动词要根据前者的情况保持一致；其否定结构构成是"Nor/Neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语"，"表示…也不"；对于助动词、情态动词和be动词的用法，应根据前句使用的词加以选择，与前句的词保持一致。根据前句的 don't 这里是否定形式，所以后面应该用肯定形式，这里用neither；故选C。
43．（2017·上海青浦·统考二模）-I don't I know how to use the latest software. -________________.
A．So do I . B．So am I. C．Neither do I. D．Neither am I
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不知道怎样使用这个最新的软件。——我也不知道。
So do I.我也是。表示倒装，只能用于肯定句；So am I.我也是。Neither do I.我也不；Neither am I.我也不是。根据I don’t know how to use….可知，这是一个否定句，故排除A和B；know是实意动词，应用助动词do，故选C。
44．（2019·上海·校联考模拟预测）Taiwan Island is part of China. _____ the South China Sea Islands.
A．So are B．So do C．Neither are D．Neither do
【答案】A
【详解】句意：台湾岛是中国的一部分。南海诸岛也一样（是中国的一部分）。
考查倒装句。倒装句“So +助动词+主语”表前面所述的情况也适合后者，意为“……也”；“Neither +助动词+主语”，表前面所述的情况也一样不适合后者，表否定意义，意为“……也不”；根据常识台湾和南海诸岛都是中国的一部分，根据Taiwan Island is part of China.判断空格的助动词是be动词；the South China Sea Islands是复数形式，be动词的形式用are，故选A。
45．（2014·上海浦东新·统考二模）Mr. White’s never been to Taiwan Island before. ________ Miss Lin.
A．Neither is B．Neither has
C．So is D．So has
【答案】B
【详解】句意：以前怀特先生从来没去过台湾岛，林女士也是。So do I的用法，该结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，“……也一样”。该结构中的助动词do 根据前文的情况也可换成is, am, are, was, were, does, did, can, could 等，但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither, nor引出倒装句(此时不能用so).前句中的’s是has的缩写。结合句意，故选B。
