2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第10讲-动词及动词短语（二）-教案（含答案）

课程主题： 动词及动词词组（二） 2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习
学习目标 掌握近似词的区别和应用掌握动词常考动词词组
教学内容
【进门测试】1. As a mountain climber. Aron is used to _______ (take)risks.2. I’d like to give my thanks to Alice for __________ (share) her exciting experiences in Africa.3. You __________ (promise) to take our boy to Disneyland last year. Don’t let him down again.4. The survey shows that few people believe robots __________ (control) our planet one day.5.—You look absent-minded. __________you __________ (expect) someone —Yes. My e-friend is coming over. We’ve never seen each other before.6. “How am I supposed __________ (live) without you ” Jane said to Dad, tears in eyes.7. You watch TV all the time. You should__________ (go) out and relax!8. The librarian was _______ at me and seemed friendly. (smile)9. Jimmy could not sleep at first. He finally fell _______ (sleep) when the rainstorm stopped at midnight. 10. Taizhou and Changzhou ________ (separate) by the Yangtze River, and a new bridge will connect the two cities in the near future. 【答案】taking; sharing; promised; will control; Are, expecting; to live; go; smiling; asleep ; are separated【多元导学】教师可采用故事导入，注意短语在文章中的呈现。根据文章猜测词义【互动精讲】【知识梳理1】动词短语辨析1. say, speak, talk, tell1) say表示说话的内容，作为及物动词使用，后跟宾语或宾语从句。2)speak接表示语言的名词或指在会议上发言一般作为不及物动词使用。3) talk表示“同某人谈话”，是不及物动词，与to , about, with等连用，才可以接宾语。4) tell 表示“告诉，讲述”是及物动词，可以带双宾语或复合宾语。例1：I am sure that he is________ a lie. A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling【答案】D【解析】本题考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容；talk为不及物动词，意为“交谈”；speak后接某种语言时为及物动词，作“说话，发言”讲时为不及物动词；tell为及物动词，当“告诉，讲，说” 等，经常和story，lie等连用，构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语，故本题选D。例2：— Do you know why he didn't ______a word when he ______to —Because he was too nervous.A. speak, speaks B. say, was spoken C. say, spoke D. speak, is spoken 【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。say“说、讲”，着重说话的内容，speak接语言， speak to sb. 其意为“对某人说话”，这里表示被动，意思是“别人给他说话时”。所以选择答案B。2. look, see, watch和read的用法。1) look强调“看”这个动作，是不及物动词，常与at连用，然后接宾语。Look! The girl is swimming in the lake.Look at the picture carefully. Can you find something unusual 2) see 指“看见”某物，强调的是结果。They can't see the words on the blackboard.Does Lily often go to see a film on Sunday 3) watch 指的是“观看”，“注视”之意。The twins are watching TV now.He will go to watch a volleyball match.4）read指“看书”、“看报”、“阅读”之意。Don't read in the sun.I like to read newspapers when I am free.例1：I don’t often ____any books on Sunday evenings, and I often ___some football games.A. read, watch B. look at, see C. read, see D. see, watch【答案】A【解析】read指读书，看报；watch 指观看，注视；look at强调看的动作；see指看到的结果，所以正确答案为A3. borrow, lend和keep的区别。1) borrow意思为“借入”，常常与from连用，是非延续性动词，表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now.May I borrow your dictionary 2) lend 是“借出”之意，常常与to连用，同borrow一样，是非延续性动词，只表示瞬间即能完成的动作。Uncle Wany has lent his car to Mr Li.Could you lend us your radio, please 3) keep是“保存”的意思，表示长时间地借，动作可以延续。How long can the recorder be kept The farmer kept the pat for two weeks.例1:— Can I _______ your bike — With pleasure. But you mustn’t _______ it to others. A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow【答案】B【解析】考查动词用法辨析。lend“借出”；borrow“借入”。第一句意为“我能借你的自行车吗？”可知是借对方的东西，因此用borrow；第二句意为“－没关系，但是你不能把它借给别人。”因此用lend。故选B。例2：— Could I __________ your iPad, Alice — Of course. Here you are. A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。lend“借给；keep借用（若干时间）”；borrow“借用”；return“归还”。问句句意：爱丽丝，我可以借用你的平板电脑吗？所以答案选C。例3:--- Excuse me ,How long can I _______(借用)this book --- For two weeks.【答案】keep【解析】句意为不好意思，我能借用这本书多长时间 how long 多长时间，多久，是时间段。Keep是延续性动词，可以和表示一段时间的词连用。4. bring, take, carry 和fetch的用法。都有“拿”的意思，但用法差别很大，切勿混同。1) bring“拿来、带来”强调从别处带某人或某物来到说话人所在地。如：The teacher asked the students to bring their dictionaries to the class.2) take“拿走、带走”强调人或事物离开说话人所在地，与bring的关系相当于go与come的相对关系。如：May I take this magazine home 3) fetch“去取来、去拿来” 指去取了东西又回来这一往返过程，相当于go and bring,但不同于bring，如：Please fetch me some chalk.批注：get与fetch意思相似，多用于口语。Go and get/fetch some water.4) carry“携带、搬运”强调某物从甲地移至乙地，带有物体随身移动但无固定方向。如：He carried the box upstairs.例：— Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you it for me — No problem. A. bring B. fetch C. take D. carry【答案】B【解析】考查动词take，bring，fetch和carry的区别。take指把东西“从近处带到远处”，bring指把东西“从远处带到近处”，fetch指“去把东西取来”，carry一般指把带东西“带走”，且是较重的物品。本题根据句意是“去取来”，所以选择B答案。5. wear, put on和dress, be in 的区别1) wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思相当于 be in ，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调“穿着”的状态。Tom always wears black shoes.2) put on是“穿上”“戴上”的意思，可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽等。着重于穿戴的动作。It's cold. You'd better put on your coat.3) dress可以作及物动词和不及物动词，有“穿着”“打扮”的意思。作为不及物动词，表示“穿着”解时，常用于be dressed in +衣服/颜色固定句型中。作为及物动词用时，它的宾语是人，不是衣服。dress sb. （给某人穿衣服），而wear作“穿着”用时，也是及物动词，但它的宾语是物，不是人，即wear sth.（穿着衣物）。She always dresses well.Mary is dressing her child.4) be in+表示颜色或衣服的词是系表结构，强调“穿着”“戴着”的状态。 The girl in white is my best friend. 穿着白色衣服的女孩是我最好的朋友例: The child doesn’t need any help. He is old enough to ________ himself.A. put on B. wear C. dress D. take care 【答案】C【解析】考查词语辨析。put on意为“穿上”，表示动作；wear意为“穿着”，表示状态；put on和wear的宾语都是服装。dress意为“穿着；打扮”，其宾语为人。而take care后面跟宾语时，必须加of。根据himself可以判断用dress，所以选择答案C批注：在英语中，表示穿的词还有on 常用句型为sth look adj+on sb =sb look adj in sthYou look beautiful in the dress=The dress looks beautiful on you.6. take, spend ,cost, pay和afford的用法。1) take指做某事用多少时间，句型是：It takes/took/ will take + sb. +some time + to do sth.It took me three days to finish the work.It will take you a whole week to travel through the forest.2) spend指某人在某事（物）上花费时间或钱。句型是：sb spends + money/time + on something/(in) doing sth.She spent more than 500 yuan on that coat.Mother spent her evenings (in) washing clothes.3) cost的主语是物，意为某物花费某人多少钱The coat cost me 50 yuan yesterday.4）pay的主语是人，句型是 sb pay(s) money for .....I paid for 50 yuan for the coat.5) afford 的主语也是人，意思是支付得起，买的起，常用句型是：afford to do sth/ afford sthMany Africans are very poor and so they can't afford to eat much meat. 例1： It about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth. A. pays B. costs C. spends D. takes【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：光从太阳到地球需要大约8分钟的时间。此处是句类型：It takes time to do sth. 的搭配，A. pays用人做主语，B. costs用物做主语，主要用于花钱方面，C. spends 也是用人做主语。故这三项都不符合。故选B。例2：— Have you finished your homework, Sure — Yes. It me an hour to do it.A. spent B. took C. cost D. paid【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你已经完成你的作业了吗？是的。做作业花费了我一小时。根据短语It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事，可知空格出应填took。故选B。7. reach, get 和arrive的区别1) reach是及物动词，后面要直接跟表示地点的名词作宾语。After the train had left, they reached the station2) get是不及物动词，常与to连用，再接名词，后面接表示地点的副词时，不用to，如get home/there/here 等。When the students got to the cinema, the film had begun.3) arrive是不及物动词，表示到达一个小地方时，用arrive at, 到达一个大地方时用arrive in。后面接副词时，介词要省略，如arrive here/there.The soldiers arrived at a small villageThe foreigners will arrive in Shanghai tomorrow.批注：如果不指明到达的地点，只用arrive.When I arrived , they weren’t here.例1：—When will the plane _____Shanghai —Sorry, I don’t know.A. get B. arrive at C. reach D. arrive【答案】C 【解析】本题考查表示“到达”的易混动词辨析。get为不及物动词，表示达到某地时用get to，故排除A项;arrive为不及物动词，arrive at 后接小地点；arrive in 后接大地点，由空格后Shanghai（上海）可排除B项；reach为及物动词，后可直接跟地点，故选C。例2：When will you ______ (到达) 【答案】arrive 【解析】后面没有具体的地点，表示到达时，用arrive.8. used to do sth/get/be used to doing sth/be used to do sth 1)used to do 过去常常做某事，后接动词原形作谓语。 批注：used to do 的否定形式有两种即 didn’t use to 和usedn’t to ，同学们要注意。 2)get used to ﹙doing﹚sth.习惯﹙做﹚某事，强调动作，非延续不能与时间段连用﹙否定句除外﹚ 3)be used to ﹙doing﹚sth.习惯﹙做﹚某事，强调状态，延续，能与时间段连用 4)be used to do sth 被用来去做某事 例1： Her father ________ a taxi driver. Now he works for a charity.A. used to be B.is used to being C. is D. is used to be【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语的用法。句意：她的爸爸以前是一位出租车司机，现在为慈善而工作。used to 意为“过去经常…”; be used to…意为“习惯于…”。故选A。例2：During the Spring Festival, the young ____kowtow(磕头)to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes. A. used to give B. were used to give C. were used to giving D. used to giving【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：春节期间，年轻人过去常常给长辈们磕头，但现在他们仅仅是送去美好祝福。used to do sth 过去经常做某事；be used to do sth 被用来做某事；be used to doing sth 习惯做某事；根据语境可知是过去经常磕头，现在不这样做了。故选A。9. offer/provide/supply1) offer：offer sb. sth. =offer sth.to sb.为某人提供某物2) provide：provide sb. with sth.=provide sth.for sb. 为某人供应某物3) supply：supply sb. with sth=supply sth.to sb. 为某人提供某物例1：-Are you going to Tibet for vacation -Yes. I want you to ________ me with some information about it. A. offer B. give C. show D. provide【答案】D【解析】offer 的用法是offer sb sth=offer sth to sb ;give/show sb sth=give/show sth to sb ;provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb .所以正确答案为D10. join / join in / take part in 1)join 可用来表示加入某个政党、团体、组织等， 指成为其中的成员。My uncle joined the Party in 1989.We are going for a swim .Will you come and join us. 我们要去游泳，你和我们一起去好吗？2) join in 表“加入、参与”某种活动，后接名词或动词的ing 形式，表“参加某人的活动”可以说：join sb. in (doing) sth. He joined them in the work.Will you join us in playing basketball 3) take part in 指“参加”会议、考试、竞赛或群众性活动，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday. When will you take part in the meeting 批注：join in 后面可以不跟宾语。而take part in 后面必须跟宾语。如：Let me join in. 让我参加吧。例1：---What are you going to do ---Nothing much. -----Why not ______us in the play. A. take part in B. attend C. join D. join in【答案】C【解析】take part in 指加入大型的活动，并在活动中起作用。Attend 指出席会议，婚礼，演讲等。Join 指加入某个组织，join in sth 加入某事。所以选C11. beat/ win/ lose1) beat “打赢”“战胜”。用于比赛时，后接宾语是战胜对手，表示“赢了某人”。Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. We are sure to beat them.2) win “赢得；获胜”， 用作及物动词，后接宾语是表示某种比赛的名词或战争，而不是参加比赛的对手We won the basketball game. Who won the race 3) lose 则表示“输了”,常用句型：lose sth. to sb. Unluckily we lost the match to class three.12. have been to / have been in / have gone to1) have been to … 表示：“曾经到过某处”但目前人未在那儿。Where have you been I have been to Beijing. 2) have been in 表示：“去了某地，并曾在那儿（一段时间），或现在仍在那儿。She has been in Shanghai for a few weeks. 3) have gone to … 表示：“去了”指人已经走了，（至少目前不在说话的地点，在去的途中或已经到目的地）。如：Kate isn’t at home, She has gone to school. 例1：— Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith [www*.^z#zstep.（co&m%（ ]— Sorry, he isn't in. He _____________the office. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been away[ D]【答案】B【解析】has been to表示去过某地，现在已经回来；has gong to表示去了某地，现在还没回来。由答语中“Sorry, he isn’t in”可知 “史密斯先生不在家，他去了办公室”。故选B.例2: “Have you ever been to Tokyo ” “Yes, I ______ there twice. It’s a modern city.”A. have gone B. have been C. had gone D. had been【答案】B【解析】问句用的是现在完成时，答句也应该用现在完成时，前后时态一致。have gone意为“去过，但还没回来”；have been意为“去了，回来了”。根据句意：你去过东京吗？我去过两次，它是一个现代城市。故选B.13. lose/forget/leaveLose意为丢失，失去；forget意为忘记（记忆中的东西），后不加地点状语.忘记去做某事为forget to do sth; leave sth +地点状语，意为把某物落在某地。I lost my bike yesterday.I’m sorry. I forgot your name.I’m sorry. I left my homework at home.批注：区别forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事例1：By the time I locked the door, I realized I ____my keys at home. A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left 【答案】D【解析】 本题重点考查forget 与leave作“忘记”讲时的区别，forget:忘记事件，leave:忘记实物。本题是说：到我锁上门的时候，我意识到我把钥匙忘在屋了。所以应选D。同学们可以这样记忆这两个词的用法区别：forget真特殊，一接地状变leave。14. 感官动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, find, catch, look at; hear; listen to的用法归纳总结: (感官动词+ sb. do/ doing // sth done)。1. 后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作When you go to watch the football match, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2. 后接V-ing形式表示正在进行的动作。Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.3. 后接V-ed形式表示被动意义。Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken. 试比较（注意理解）:1）I heard him sing a song. 我听他唱了一首歌（指自始至终整个过程）。2）I heard him singing a song. 我听见他正在唱歌唱（指当时动作的某个片断）。3）I heard a song sung. 我听见（有人）唱歌（逻辑主语“歌”与“唱”是被动关系。）例1：When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl ______in it. A. sing B. losing C. sang D. singing【答案】D【解析】句意为当我经过教室的时候，我听见一个小女孩在里面正在唱歌。只能在A和D两个选项进行选择，A表示已经做完了，D为表示动作正在进行。所以根据题意选D例2：—Is Tom in the next room [来源@#:^中教&网%]— Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him loudly when I passed by just now. A. speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking[中#&教育出*版网@~]【答案】D【解析】hear后可以接三种动词形式，动词原形表示全过程，过去分词表示被动意义；现在分词表示正在进行。根据句意，表示动作正在进行，所以选D15. 辨析reply; answer reply表“回复、答复”，是不及物动词, 常与to连用后才能接宾语。 answer表“回答”，是及物动词，后面可直接接宾语。 例1：You must________ me soon. A. answer to B. reply to C. write D. speak to 【答案】B【解析】eply表“回复、答复”，是不及物动词, 常与to连用后才能接宾语。 answer表“回答”，是及物动词，后面可直接接宾语。 故答案为B。16. 辨析receive; accept receive 表示“客观上收到...”是一种被动的接受。 accept 则表示“主观上接受...”反义词为refuse. 例1：I _________a strange gift yesterday, and I still don’t know who it was from. A. took B. accepted C. received D. brought【答案】C【解析】receive 表示“客观上收到...”是一种被动的接受。 ;accept 则表示“主观上接受...”反义词为refuse.句意：我昨天收到一个奇怪的礼物，我现在仍无不知道是谁送的。故答案为C。 【知识梳理2】中考常考动词短语辨析1. 1ook+介词／副词的短语有：look after照顾，照料； 1ook around环顾；look at看；look down on/upon蔑视，看不起；look for寻找；look into调查；look out当心；look through浏览，检查；look forward to期待，盼望等。例1： Grandmother lives with my parents. They ______ her every day. A. look at B. look after C. look for D. look up【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的奶奶和我父母住在一起。他们每天照顾她。look at看；look after照顾；look for寻找。由语境可知选B 例2： These new types of energy cost very little and will never __________.look out B. come out C. run out D. stay out【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些新能源成本很低，而且将永远用不完。look out小心，留意；come out出来，出版，发芽；run out用完；stay out留在户外，不在家。分析四个选项可知“用完”符合句意。故选C。2. put+介词／副词的短语有：put back把……放回原处；put down放下，镇压； put off迟，拖延；put on穿上，戴上，增加，上演，put out扑灭；put up举起，张贴，搭建例1： The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be________ on the website. A. put away B. put off C. put up D. put on【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：在比赛中获得一等奖的照片将张贴在网站上。put off推迟，拖延；put away收起来，放好；put on 穿上；put up张贴，建造。主语“照片”提示和动词短语put up构成被动关系，“张贴照片”符合句意，故选C。例2：—Have you heard of the big fire that broke out at Hao Yixing Clothes Market on June 2nd —Yes.Luckily,hundreds of firemen immediately drove there and ______ the fire.put off B. put away C. put down D. put out 【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你听说了6月2日发生在宜兴宜兴服装市场的大火了吗？——是的。幸运的是，数百名消防员立刻开车赶到那里____大火。put off推迟； put away放好，收起来；put down放下；put out扑灭。 根据语境可知，消防员及时赶来，扑灭了大火。故选D。3. turn+介词／副词的短有：turn back往回走；turn down调低，关小，拒绝； turn into(使)变成；turn off关掉；turn on打开；turn out结果是，证明是；turn to求助于，转向；turn up调高，到达，出现等例1： Please _____ the TV. It’s time to go to bed.A. turn on B. turn off C. put on D. put off【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。句意：请关掉电视，该睡觉了。”turn on”打开、”turn off”关掉、”put on”穿上、”put off”推迟，根据下文”go to bed”可知，此处指关掉电视，故选B。例2：— How is our government going to deal with the office building — It will be __________ a library.A. turned off B. turned on C. turned out D. turned into【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我们的政府将如何处理办公楼？——将会被改建成一个图书馆？turned off关掉；turned on打开； turned out 结果是，证明是；turned into把…变成。分析四个选项可知“把……变成”符合句意。故选D。4. break+介词／副词的短语有：break down击败，摧毁；发生故障，(身体)垮掉；break out爆发； break up打碎；分解；驱散；分手； break into破门而人；break away突然离开；逃脱；脱离等。 5. get+介词／副词的短语有：get through到达，做完，通过，度过，打通(电话)；get in进入，陷入；get on上车，进展，融洽相处；get off下车，下来； get along进展，融洽相处；例： I took the subway and _____ at the downtown station.A. got through B. got over C. got on D. got off【答案】D【解析】考查短语动词词义辨析。句意：——我乘坐地铁在市中心站下车。get through“通过”；get over“克服困难”； get on“上车”； get off“下车”。根据句意，故选D 6. take+介词/副词的短语有：take off 起飞；脱下； take away 拿走；take out 拿出；take down 写下，记下；take up 占据，从事；例： —Simon failed the exam again. —That’s not puter games _______ too much of his time. A. take in B. take on C. take off D. take up 【答案】D【解析】考查动词短语。句b意：——西蒙又考试失败了。——不要惊讶，电脑游戏占据了他太多的时间。表示“占据、占用”，应用take up。故选D【课堂检测】一、单选选择1. Her father ________ a taxi driver. Now he works for a charity.A. used to be B.is used to being C. is D. used to being2. Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please ______ the TV. A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down D. turn out3. Miss Li lost her purse at my home. Please .A. give it to her B. give her it C. give it her D. give it her4. — I find it difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.
— English is very important in our daily life. Never _____.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give away it D. give it away5. I don’t have much money, but I’d like to buy my dad something really special, if you know what I __________.A. want B. care C. mean D. prefer6.— We are planning a Yangtze River Perfection Day this weekend. Do you have any advice — You'd better_______ signs around the school to tell all the students about that.A. make up B. put up C. set up D. show up7.—Summer vacation is coming! I am thinking about visiting some places of interest.—Why not _______Jingzhou and have a look at the ancient city wall A. come out B. come along C. come up with D. come over to 8. —A great person once said, “if you can follow your heart and never ______, your dream will come true.” —I think so. I believe I will enter a good high school this year if I try hard. A. give away B. give back C. give out D. give up9. As we ______ on our new journey, we shouldn't forget where we came from.A. take out B. set out C. cut out D .blow out10. —Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week — You’d better take a train. ________ the suitable trains in the timetable.A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up11.—In the past five years, China has played an important role in the Belt and Road.—It has _______ many nations a great chance to communicate.A. offered B. supported C. included D. directed 12.—A research suggests that walking helps people live longer.—I quite agree, but it ________ on when and how they walk. A. remains B. separates C. returns D. depends 13.—We’re not supposed to _______ those who failure.—No one can be a winner all the time.A. turn out B. laugh at C. spread out D. share with14. The Boeing 737 0f Cuba airline crashed（坠毁） in Havana on May 18, 2018, which ___more than 100 deaths.A. caused B. influenced C. forced D. lead to15. During the Spring Festival, the young ____kowtow (磕头) to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes.A. used to give B. were used to give C. were used to giving D. was used to give【答案】1. A 考查固定短语的用法。句意：她的爸爸以前是一位出租车司机，现在为慈善而工作。used to 意为“过去经常…”; be used to…意为“习惯于…”。故选A。2. B 考查固定短语辨析。句意：奶奶想看《今日说法》这个节目，请打开电视。turn off关闭，turn on打开，turn down调低。由句意可知，奶奶想看电视，因此需要打开电视。故选B。3. A 考查动词短语的用法。结构give sb. sth. 中sth.需要用名词。如果是代词，则用give sth. to sb.4. B考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：—我发现英语很难学，我想放弃。—英语在我们的日常生活中很重要……，由此推知后句意为“不要放弃。”give up放弃；give away赠送；背叛。据此推知give up符合句意，give up是动词加副词构成的短语，代词作其宾语必须位于give up之间。故选B。5. C 考查动词辨析。句意： 我没有很多钱，但是我想要买很特别的东西给爸爸，如果你知道我的意思的话。want想要；care介意，在乎；mean意思是，意味着；prefer更喜欢。根据句意可知选C。6. B 考查动词短语辨析。make up编造；put up张贴，搭起；set up建立；show up出现，露面。根据signs 可知是“张贴通告“，故选B。7. D 考查动词辨析。come out出版，发行，出来；come along 出现，到来；come up with想出，提出；come over to过来，顺便来访。根据句意“我正考虑一些参观一些名胜古迹”可知提出建议“为什么不来荆州看看古城墙呢？”。故选D。8.D考查短语辨析 句意：—一位伟人曾经说过“如果你能追随你的心，永不放弃，你的梦想就会成真。”—我认为是这样。我相信，假如我努力学习，今年我就能进入好的高中。give away捐赠；give back归还；give out分发；give up放弃。根据语境可知是“放弃梦想”，故选D。9.B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们踏新的旅程，我们不应该忘记我们来自何处。Take out 拿出；set out 出发；cut out 删除；blow out 吹灭。根据题意选择set out on our new journey 表示动身，上路，及踏上新的旅程。故选B。10. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：——玛丽，下周我怎么才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好乘火车。在时刻表上找一下合适的火车。set up建立；look up查找，查阅；take up开始从事；put up搭建。结合后面的时刻表，故应是“查找”。故选B。11. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：——在过去的五年内，中国在一带一路中扮演着重要的角色。——它给很多国家提供一个交流的好机会。offered“提供”，supported“支持”，included“包括”和directed“指示”。结合句意可知A项正确。12. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：——调查研究表明走路帮助人们长寿。——我相当赞同这一说法，但是它取决于何时和怎样走路。remain“留下；遗留”，separate“使分开”，return“返回；归还”和depend“依赖，依靠”。depend on意为“取决于，依赖”。故选D。13. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：——我们不应该嘲笑那些失败的人。——没有人一直是成功者。turn out“证明；结果是”，laugh at“嘲笑”，spread out“延伸；分散”和share with “分享”。结合句意可知选B。14.A考查动词辨析。句意：2018年5月18日，古巴航空波音737客机坠毁，造成100多人死亡。caused造成；influenced影响；forced强迫。分析句意可推知：客机坠毁造成100多人死亡，故选A。15.A考查动词短语辨析。句意：春节期间，年轻人过去常常给长辈们磕头，但现在他们仅仅是送去美好祝福。used to do sth 过去经常做某事；be used to do sth 被用来做某事；be used to doing sth 习惯做某事；根据语境可知是过去经常磕头，现在不这样做了。故选A。二、根据适当形式填空1. Cells are the ______ and most basic units of living matter. (small)2. You __________ (promise) to take our boy to Disneyland last year. Don’t let him down again.3. The survey shows that few people believe robots __________ (control) our planet one day.4. Dad ______ them to our house and Mum soon had a lunch ready for them. (bring)5. “How am I supposed __________ (live) without you ” Jane said to Dad, tears in eyes.6. The only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you __________ (not find) it yet, keep looking.7.—Oh dear! My mobile phone has turned into a brick. It’s not working at all.—Well, it __________ (happen). Take off the battery and put it back on later.8. Stephen Hawking __________ (consider) to be ‘the greatest scientist in history’, along with Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein.1. smallest 句意：细胞是最小和最基本的生命单位。2. promised 解析：根据时间状语“last year”，可知此处应用过去时，故填promised。3. will control 解析：句意：调查显示很少人相信有一天机器人会控制我们的星球。根据句意可知此处的“one day.”表将来的某一天，故填将来时will control。 4. brought 句意：爸爸把他们带到我们家，妈妈很快就为他们准备了午饭。5. to live 解析：此处用到固定短语be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”。故填to live。6. haven’t found 解析：根据后面的“yet”可知此处应用现在完成时，故填haven’t found。7. happens 解析：此处表示“那时常发生”，陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时；而“it”为三单，故填happens。 8. is considered 解析：霍金被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一，和牛顿，爱因斯坦一起。此处用到固定短语be considered as/to be表示“被认为是……”。故填is considered。【要点回顾】建议：1. 让学生自主回顾所学的近似词2. 可抽查孩子动词短语的掌握【温故知新】课后巩固单选选择1. If a student is able to _______ somebody else what he’s learnt from textbooks, it shows he’s understood it well. A. post B. lend C. teach D. have2. Nowadays China has made great achievements in many fields. We really ______ our amazing China. A. take pride in B. take care of C. take an interest in3. The food is very delicious in that restaurant. We could go and___it. A. sell B. help C. produce D. try4.— When will your sister go to England — She ______ London since four months ago.went to B. has gone to C. has been to D. has been in5. We should stop ____ fireworks to reduce pollution. A. getting off B. turning off C. taking off D. setting off6.— I offered Sandy a helping hand. However, she _____ it.— Maybe she can manage herself.Received B. returned C. refused D. rewarded7. The king didn’t take any notice of the noise in the crowd and __________ with the parade. A. carry on B. carry out C. carried on D. carried out8. My grandmother is going to a hobby like shopping on the Internet.A. take up B. look up C. get up D. put up【答案】1. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个学生能够把他从课本上学到的东西教给其他的人，这就显示他已经理解得很好了。post邮寄；lend借出；teach教。课本上的所学的东西可以教给别人，一般不用来邮寄或转借。故选 C。2. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今中国在很多领域都取得了巨大的成就，我们真的为我们伟大的国家而骄傲。take pride in为……感到自豪；take care of照顾，照看；take an interest in对……感兴趣。根据第一句话表达中国取得的成就，很自然地我们会因它而骄傲；故选 A。3. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那家餐馆的食物非常美味。我们可以去____. sell卖；help帮助；produce产生，制作；try尝试。根据语境可知，餐馆的食物很美味，我们可以去尝试下。故选D。4.D 考查现在完成时。句意：—你的姐姐什么时候将去英国？—她四个月前就在伦敦了。went to为一般过去时；has gone to去了某地；has been to去过某地；has been in待在某地(常和一段时间连用)。since引导的时间状语提示谓语动词用现在完成时态，修饰的谓语动词是延续性的动作或状态，用be in表示“在某地”和since表示的时间段连用。故选D。5.D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了减少污染，我们应该停止燃放烟花。fireworks“鞭炮”提示用动词短语set off和其构成动宾关系，表示“燃放鞭炮”。get off 下车；turn off关掉；take off脱下，起飞，都与句意不符。故选D。6.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向桑迪伸出援助之手。但是，她拒绝了。—或许她能够控制自己。receive收到；return归还,返还，回报；refuse拒绝；reward奖励，奖赏。承接上文意义，下文副词however“然而”表示的转折句意提示用动词refuse表示“拒绝”。故选C。7. C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：过往根本没有注意到人群的吵闹声，而是继续游行。根据前面的“didn’t”可知此处也应用过去时，故排除A和B；carry on继续进行，carry out实施，执行。根据句意可知选C。8. A考查动词短语词义的辨析。句意为：我的奶奶将要开始培养一种爱好，像网上购物。take up从事、开始(学习或某种爱好)；look up查阅、向上看；get up起床。故选A。预习思考通过图片导入下节课的语法点：动词时态