2023年安徽省中考英语总复习二轮复习：第7讲-宾语从句-教案

课程主题： 宾语从句 2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习
学习目标 1.掌握宾语从句的基本用法；2.掌握宾语从句的三要素；3.对阅读进行综合训练。
教学内容
【进门测试】1.I haven’t seen her for years. I don’t know ______ she looks like now.A. which B. why C. when D. what2.She asked me _______ I could help her with her box.A. what B.who C. if D. that3.He began to think about _______ he should do the new work.A. what B. who C. which D. how4.Can you tell me ____ get to the railway station A. how can I B. what I can C. how I can D. where I can5.I don’t know _____.A. where she comes from B. how old is she C. when was she born D. when is she born6. －Can you tell me _____ －Sure. He lives on Center Street.A. where does he live B. where he lives C. why he lives there D. what does he do7. －Ms. Perry, can you tell me _____ －Africa.A. what the baby giraffe likes eating B. why the baby giraffe looks unhappyC. when the baby giraffe was born D. where the baby giraffe came from8. －Excuse me, could you tell me _____ －In five minutes.A. how soon will the film begin B.how soon the film will beginC. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on9. －Did you have a good time in Jilin －Come and have a look. My photos will show you _____.A. how was the trip B. why did we go thereC. how we went there D. what the trip was like10.This morning my mother asked me _____.A. why he is not here B. where Julia went last weekendC. what time is it D. how did my brother do it【答案】DCDCA BDBDB【多元导学】教学建议：老师让学生根据所给的句子思考宾语从句的概念；让学生分析所给的句子的成分,通过学生所熟悉的一些句子来引出句子充当宾语的概念。1.Could you tell me how I can get to the school 2.He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.3.Everyone knows there are sixty minutes in an hour.【互动精讲】宾语从句【知识梳理1】宾语从句的概念和结构在复合句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。即当宾语是由一个句子在充当时,这个句子就叫宾语从句。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语）结构：主句 + 连接词（引导词）+ 宾语从句如： I love what you gave me.【知识梳理2】宾语从句的引导词1. that引导的宾语从句陈述句（肯定或否定）作宾语从句,由连词that引导。因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。例1. I think (that) this answer is correct. 例2. I know nothing about him except (that) he lives the next door.例3. I’m sure (that) Mary will come here on time.2. if或whether引导的宾语从句一般疑问句作宾语从句,由连词whether或if引导,因为if/whether在句中翻译成“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略,且宾语从句要用陈述句语序。例1. I want to know whether/if you will come soon. 例2. I wonder whether/if you’d like to read the novel. 后接if/whether的常见词有：want to know/wonder/doubt/I’m not sure。能用if不能用whether的情况：If除了表示“是否”引导宾语从句外,还可表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,此时从句遵守“主将从现”原则。例. You will achieve great success, if you have a dream and believe in it.3. wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句由疑问代词who、whom、whose、what、which等或疑问副词when、where、how、why等引导。例1. Do you know when the meeting will begin （你知道会议什么时候开始？） 例2. Could you tell me who teaches us English （你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？） 例3.Do you know which is faster, a car or a plane （你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？） 例4. I was surprised at what he had done.（他所做的事使我吃惊。）例5. I wonder how much these shoes cost.（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。）【例题精讲】 例1.— You look so worried, James. What happened — I’m still thinking ______ I can pass the exam or not.A. though B. whether C. unless D. until【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据后半句I can pass the exam or not.可知选B。例2.Over these years, I have had a new understanding of ______ people traditionally call a perfect person.A. how B. what C. who D. whom【答案】B【解析】考查引导词。句意：经过这些年,我对人们传统上怎么称呼一个完美的人有了新的理解。用what,故选B。容易误选A。例3.—Mother’s Day is coming. Shall we make some paper roses for Mum —Sounds great! But would you please show me_______as I know little about DIY A. where B. why C. whether D. how【答案】D【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句。结合题干中 as I know little about DIY 可知,因为“我”对 DIY 知道的很少。所以此处是,你能教“我”怎么做父亲节卡片吗？how 意为“怎么”,此处引导宾语从句作 show 的宾语。此处宾语从句只有引导词,省略了其他成分。why 意为“为什么”,whether 意为“是否”,where 意为“在哪”,均不符合题意。故正确答案为D。例4.We Chinese have made it clear _____ we can’t be forced to give up our rights.A. whether B. if C. what D. that【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据句意：我们中国人清楚地表明,我们不能被迫放弃我们的权利。没有疑问含义,故选择D项。例5.A robot can do _______ you have asked it to do.A. how B. what C. when D. that【答案】B【解析】考查连词,宾语从句缺失宾语,用what。【课堂练习】1. I hear __________ he will be back in a month. A. whether B. that C. what D. which【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“我听说他将在一周后回来。”,且宾语从句是陈述句,所以用that作引导词。2. The teacher asked me __________ I needed any help. A. whether B. that C. what D. which【答案】A【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师问我是否需要帮助。”可知此处应用whether。3. —Does the teacher know __________ will come this afternoon —Yes, he does.A. which B. whose C. where D. who【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句的引导词的选用。根据句意“老师知道今天下午谁会来吗？”,宾语从句缺少一个主语且表人。4. Do you know _____I saw yesterday It was my favorite star, Jackie!A. whom B. when C. where D. how【答案】A【解析】注意理解句子含义,句意为“你知道我昨天看到谁了吗？”,所填词意为“谁”。5. Teenagers with working experiences know more clearly ________ they will be in the future.A. who B. why C. where D. what 【答案】D【解析】注意分析句子结构,从句中谓语动词“be”缺少宾语,因而选择“who”或“what”,再根据句意可知不是指人,因而选“what”。【知识梳理3】宾语从句的时态1.如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）,从句的时态根据实际情况而定。例1. She knows (that) her parents will arrive in Nanjing tomorrow.例2. I know (that) he lived here five years ago.例3. We have heard (that) she practises dancing every day.例4. I am looking for where my purse is.2.如果主句是过去时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）,那么从句要用相应的过去的具体状态。时态变化的规律如下表：一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时例1. I didn’t know (that) he would come.例2. Miss Li told us (that) she had seen the film. 例3. I saw (that) she was talking with her mother.注意如果主句中出现could you/would you, 要提醒学生这些不是过去时,而只是表示委婉语气,用法视为一般现在时,所以从句依具体时态而定。3.当从句是客观真理、定义、公理或定理时,不论主句是何种时态,从句都用一般现在时。例1. The teacher told us (that) the earth travels around the sun.例2. She said (that) two plus three is five.【例题精讲】例1.—Do you know______tomorrow —At 8 o’clock.A. when did she come B. when she cameC. when will she come D. when she will come【答案】D【解析】宾语从句的三要素,时态,陈述句语序,引导词。“tomorrow”明天,表将来例2.—How do you plan to spend the coming summer holiday —I haven’t decided. I wonder _________ during the holiday.A. where am I going to spend B. whether it was going to be sunnyC. who will I invite to have a trip with me D. if my mother will give me extra homework【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A语序错误；B时态错误；C语序错误例3.—I wonder what Mr. Wang asked you just now —He asked________ .A. whether I will take part in the singing competition B. how long I have bought my new bikeC. what was wrong with my old bike D. how much money did I spent on books【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。先通过语序排除D；再看时态排除AB；故答案选C例4.—Do you know if Tom____________to play baseball with us —He will if he___________time tomorrow.A. comes;has B. comes;will have C. will come;has D. will come;will have【答案】C【解析】if“如果”引导主将从现,if“是否”引导宾语从句例5.Mary wanted to know _________________A. if we would have a 7-day holiday or not B. how soon we will be invited C. if Beijing is the capital of China D. what you were talking 【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句的时态。宾语从句中,主句为过去时,从句用相应的过去时态。因此排除B。whether …or not 连用,排除A, D选项缺少介词。【课堂练习】 1.He wanted to know ____________.A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would startC. what he's going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。A选项错在时态上,主句是过去时,从句要用过去的时态,除非是客观真理。A选项明显不是。C选项同错。D选项错在语序上,应该是where the meeting would be held.所以选B。2.I don’t understand________such a silly question in class yesterday.A. why did John ask B. why John askedC. why is John asking D. why John asks【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句的时态和语序。宾语从句主句时态是一般现在时,从句要根据句意用任意一种时态。另外从句语序要用陈述句语序,所以排除A和C选项。根据题意从句中要用一般过去时,所以排除D选项,答案为B。3.—Could you tell me______ I'm going to pick you up at the airport. —At 15:45 this Friday. A. where you met me B. who you are coming with C. when you came here D. what time you are arriving【答案】D【解析】注意句意,可判断出问句应问时间并用一般将来时,主句用一般现在时,从句时态根据具体情况而定,即用一般将来时。4.—Dad, please tell me when Mum _____. I miss her very much. —She will return when she ____her task. And she will bring a nice present for you. A. returns; finishes B. returns; will finish C. will return; finishes D. will return; will finish【答案】C【解析】第一空所在的句子为宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句依具体情况而定,用一般将来时；第二空为时间状语从句,不能用一般现在时,而用一般现在时代替。—I wonder if your father _______ you to go swimming.—I’m not sure. But I will tell you if he _______ to let me join you. A. will allow; agrees B. allows; agreesC. allows; will agree D. will allow; will agree【答案】A【解析】第一个if为宾语从句是否,主句一般现在时,从句根据句意选择将来时,第二个if为如果,主将从现,从句用一般现在时。【知识梳理4】宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即主语在前谓语在后,即使宾语从句本身是疑问句,也要将其变成陈述句语序。例1. I heard (that) he won a prize.例2. They don’t know where he is.如果what’s wrong / what’s the matter在句中充当宾语从句,语序不变。如果疑问词what或who在从句中作主语,其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。例1. I want to know what’s wrong with you.例2. She doesn’t know what’s the matter with him.例3. Jack didn’t know what happened.例4. I want to know what’s on the desk.【例题精讲】例1.–Could you tell me ______ –We lost the game, but we are still able to go to Australia.A. where the China National team would play against IraqB. whether we won the soccer game against IraqC. when he saw the soccer game between PRC and IraqD. why he didn’t watch the soccer game【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是宾语从句和情景对话。答句回答的是“我们输了比赛,但是仍然可以去澳大利亚”,所以问句就要问比赛的情况如何,只有B选择适合。例2.— Could you tell us _______ — About five minutes.A. how soon will the film end B. how long has the film begunC. how soon the film has ended D. how long the film has been on【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。先根据答句排除A和C。再根据语序和动词的延续性排除B。故选D。例3.—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ —There’s an e-shop on the third floor. You can make it there.A. who I could have my computer repairedB. how could I get to the e-shop to repair my computerC. where I can have my computer repairedD. which e-shop I can go to repair my computer【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。应使用陈述句语序,排除B；A时态用错；D回答和问题不相符（“哪一个”不能用“有一个”来回答）。例4.—Mike, can you explain _______ —I’m sorry, mum. I was listening to music and didn’t hear it. A. why everything in the house is in a messB. why nobody answered the phone when I called youC. how you can finish the homework in such a short timeD. how you can make the robot work since there is no battery【答案】B【解析】宾语从句。考查语境的结合。译：---麦克,你可以解释一下为什么当我打电话给你时候没有人电话呢？----我很抱歉,妈妈。我当时正在听音乐没有听到电话声。例5.— Let’s go on a trip to Jiming Temple by Mobike this Saturday, shall we —Good idea. But I wonder ______.A. how can I download Mobike App B. whether it’s going to rainC. how much should we pay for the Mobike D. that we can meet at the school gate 【答案】B【解析】宾语从句考查。宾语从句后面应当使用陈述语序,排除AC两项；结合句意：我想知道是否会下雨,选择B项。 例6.—Excuse me, could you tell me________ —Better walk there. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk.A. how far Suguo Supermarket is B. how far is Suguo SupermarketC. how can I get to Suguo Supermarke D. how I can get to Suguo Supermarket【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句,解题三步骤“语序、时态、引导词”,可以判断是D。【课堂练习】—Could you please tell me ______ —Of course.A. how long you have borrowed the book B. how you think of the newest movieC. when the new shopping mall will be open D. why you like watching the program【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。A.how long引导的从句,动词要是延续性的,这里的borrow是短暂性动词；B.what you think of ...,这里用错了引导词；C.when用来问时间点的,这里的be open是延续性的状态；故选D。2.Jack’s mother wonders ___________________.A. that the computer cost him much B. how much will he pay for the computerC. if the computer will cost him much D. how much he would pay for the computer【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句,从语序、时态和连接词来判断,只有C项符合要求,题意为杰克的妈妈想知道电脑是否会花费他很多钱,故答案为C。—Can you imagine in 100 years from now —It’ll be unbelievable.A. how will life be like B. how life will be likeC. what life will be like D. what will life be like【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。A和D语序不正确,how的句子不能出现like,所以选择C。—Excuse me, could you tell me ______ —In front of the gate of our school.A. what time should we arrive at the park B. where should we meetC. where I can find you tomorrow morning D. what we need to take with us【答案】C【解析】本题考查宾语从句,AB的语序不对,根据答语可知是对地点提问,因此选择C。5.— Can you tell me __________ — Sorry, I’m not sure.A. where was the TV series In the Name of the People madeB. who will be recommended as the host of the charity showC. how we will do with the water pollutionD. whether they have married for 20 years【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A选项语序错误；C选项应该用what引导特殊疑问句；D选项应该用have been married,因为后面是for 20 years。【课堂检测】单选题1.The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand _____ they insist on going by motorbike.A. why B. whether C. when D. how2.I think Father would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.A. which B. why C. what D. how3. — Do you think _________ he has taken the bag — _________ I’m mistaken.A. that; Until B. weather; If C. that; Unless D. whether; Unless4.—Do you know___ the Capital Museum — Next Friday.A. when will they visit B. when they will visitC. when did they visit D. when they visited5.Do you remember ________ when you last saw him A. that Tom told you B. where was Tom goingC. who was with Tom D. what Tom is going to do6. — I wonder ________ Mott Street .— Go three blocks and turn right .It’s right there .A. if could you tell me how to get to B. that you could tell me how I can get toC. if you could tell me how I can get to D. that could you tell me how I can 7. — It’s said that parents can be off on Friday afternoon if they need .— Is that true But I’m wondering _________.A. that they can ask for leave on Friday B. why can they ask for leave on FridayC. when can they ask for leave on Friday D. whether they can ask for leave on Friday8. —Excuse me,could you tell me _______ —Yes.Go along the street and turn right at the cinema .Then you will find it .A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank isC. where was the nearest bank D. where the nearest bank was9.We are going to have a meeting this afternoon.I'll call Wendy to make sure _______.A. why to start B. when to start C. what to start D. which to start10.We don’t know ______.A. this is whose dictionary B. whose dictionary is thisC. whose dictionary this is D. whose is this dictionary11.－Your book is very interesting. Could you tell me _____ －In Xinhua Bookstore next to our school.A. where did you buy it B. why did you buy itC. where you bought it D. why you bought it12.－I’d like to know _____.－Maybe in the forest.A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go campingC. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping13.－I wonder _____.－Yes, of course.A. where we can buy the parts B. how often you hear form your sisterC. if I may have a word with you D. why he arrived late yesterday14.－Do you know _____ －For a month. A. how long will she be away B. how long she will be awayC. how often will she go there D. how often she will go there15.－Do you know _____ －Yes. It’s on your table.A. where my dictionary is B. where is my dictionaryC. when I bought my dictionary D. how I bought my dictionary【答案】ACCBC CDBBC CBCBA阅读理解In many organizations,perhaps the best way to complete certain new projects is to gather a group of people into a team.Having a team of people attack a project offers several advantages.First of all,a group of people have more knowledge,more experience,and more skills in different fields than any single individual（个体）does.A group can work more quickly whenever the task is assigned.And a group can come up with highly creative solutions（解决办法）to problems because of the numbers of people who take part and greater resources they have.Also,a group is more likely to make risky decisions which a single individual might not make.This is because the group spreads responsibility（责任）to all the members.And thus,if the decision turns out to be wrong,no single individual can be held accountable（负有责任的）.Then,taking part in a group can be very rewarding for members of the team.Team members who have a voice in making a decision will no doubt feel better about doing the work than they might do what is imposed（把……强加于）on them by others.Last but not least,the team member has a much better change to“shine”.This is because they get more chances to have his or her contributions and ideas not only recognized（认可）,but recognized as highly important.This kind of high-recognition is because a team’s achievement or influence is much higher than the individual’s.A team can finish and achieve what the individual can’t do.And a team can reach a height which the individual can’t reach.1.How many advantages of a team are mentioned in the passage A.Two B.Three C.Four D.Five 2.The first paragraph mainly tells us that_________________.A.many organizations gather people into teams B.it is good to form a team to complete tasksC.new projects are often sent to large groups D.people would like to communicate in groups3.Which of the following is true according to paragraphs 2&3 A.A group of people are sure to be highly creative. B.A team always finish more tasks than individuals.C.It’s difficult for a team to make creative decisions. D.The members of a group can share responsibility.4.A team is worth taking part in because _________________.A.individuals do not have rights to make decisions B.team members have better changes to be excellentC.team members are easily respected by other people D.individuals can not achieve goals or reach a height【答案】CBDB【要点回顾】【温故知新】课后巩固单选题1. —Can you tell me — By doing more exercises and speaking.A. how I can improve my English B. how do I deal with my EnglishC. what's wrong with my English D.how do I do with my English2. I want to write to my aunt, but I don’t know_____.A. what her e-mail address was B. what was her e-mail addressC. what her e-mail address is D. what is her e-mail address3.I wanted to know ______ last weekend. A. what Mary does B. what does Mary doC. what Mary did D. what did Mary do4. —Can you tell me ________ —With Lucy’s help.A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so wellC. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so well5. — Could you tell me ________ — Of course.A. where's there a good place to eat B. where's there’s a good place to eatC. where is a good place to eat D. where a good place to eat6. — Excuse me. could you tell me ______ —In the supermarket.A. where I can buy this kind of CD player B. where can I buy this kind of CD playerC. if I can buy this kind of CD player D. if can I buy this kind of CD player7. —Hello, Jack. Haven't, seen you for long. I am calling to check______you are.— Very well. I'm glad you called.A. how B. what C .where D. who 8. — Can you guess _________the new Nike sports shoes —Yes. Maybe he asked his grandpa to pay for them, I think.A. how he paid for B. where lie bought C. when he paid for D. why he bought 9. — Can you tell me _______ — He is in the library.A.where was Jack B. where Jack was C.where is Jack D. where Jack is10. — Can you tell me______ to travel to Dalian — About two hours by plane.A. how much it costs B. what I should takeC. how long it takes D. which is the best season【答案】1-5ACCCB 6-10AAADC 预习思考在了解了定语从句的考查题型,掌握了解题技巧之后,我们接下来要学习定语从句的语法了,赶快预习下吧！
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