2023年中考阅读理解之主旨和词义猜测题课件(共27张PPT)

(共27张PPT)
阅读理解的四大题型
细节题
猜词题
主旨题
推断题
一. 判断主旨题
1.What’s the best title/the topic/the main idea of the passage
2. What does the passage mainly talk about
3. What does the passage tell/show us
4. From the passage we can learn/conclude that ...
一. 判断主旨题
1.What’s the best title/the topic/the main idea of the passage
2. What does the passage mainly talk about
3. What does the passage tell/show us
4. From the passage we can learn/conclude that ...
主旨句在首段
主旨句在尾段
主旨句在首尾段
二. 判断文章结构
主旨句需概括总结
1.看首尾段，首尾句
鹅，鹅，鹅，
曲项向天歌。
白毛浮绿水，
红掌拨清波。
床前明月光，
疑是地上霜。
举头望明月，
低头思故乡。
三. 找主旨句
48. What is the best title (标题) for this passage A. A Difficult Research. B. A Dream Follower.C. A Smooth Road. D. A Famous University.
【2019 陕西】
Dreams are like stars. You may never catch them, but if you follow them, they will lead you to success.
......
In a TV interview, Yan encouraged young people to work hard for their dreams. “All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to follow them.”
55. The writer writes this passage mainly to _______.
A. increase people’s happiness B. introduce self-help books
C. help us to plan time well D. encourage us to write books
【2019 陕西】
If you walk into a bookstore, you might see shelves of books labelled (标注) “self-help”. You may not know what these books are about. In fact, more and more people are turning to self-help books for advice these days. You can’t imagine that sales of these books in the UK reached 3,000,000 last year.
...
No mater why there is growing interest in self-help books, it’s good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But are these books truly helpful Read one and find out.
【2016西宁】
Sometimes people come into your life and you know at once that they were sure to be there. ......
Sometimes things happen to you. ......
The people you meet influence your life, and the success and failure you experience create who you are.......
......You should set your goals high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great one and believe in yourself.
You can make your life anything you wish. Create your own life and then go out and live it.
1. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Create Your Own Life B. Hold Your Head Up
C. People You Meet in Life D. Things Happen to You
2.瞄关键词和句
①重复词
感谢天，感谢地，感谢命运，让我们相遇
【2017 杭州】
50. What is the passage mainly about
A. Happiness B. Shyness
C. Kindness D. Loneliness
Are you shy If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in t heir lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
Is it possible to be born shy Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame（责备）themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don't forget——if you are shy, you are not the only one.
shy(16次) shyness(5次) shyly(1次)
50. What is the passage mainly about
A. Happiness B. Shyness
C. Kindness D. Loneliness
②转折词
汉子, 我非常欣赏你，你特别帅，你是所有人心目中的白马王子,我也是那心仪你的所有人中的一位。
我经常偷偷在操场边看着你飞奔去厕所的身影，这是我觉得一天中最幸福的事情；在学校碰见你，我经常望向你刚吃完辣条的嘴，好性感................
但是，你妹的，借我的钱赶紧还，不然老娘一巴掌呼死你
but后是重点
There is a special kind of hotel in Quebec, Canada. It has a bar, a church, a shop and a small theater. These things are not unusual. But this hotel is only open from January till March every year. Why Because it is made of ice and snow! When the weather gets warm, the hotel melts (融化) and closes. Every winter, the hotel owners build the hotel again.
Many people enjoy the Ice Hotel every year. But they can only enjoy it for a short time before it melts again.
1）（2012·陕西）What’s the best title of this passage
A. An unusual hotel B. A warm hotel
C. A common hotel D. An old hotel
【2015兰州】
Earthquakes usually come without warning. What should you do if this happens to you An earthquake is dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself.
Do not go outside...
...
5) What is the passage mainly about
A. The ways to protect yourself when an earthquake happens.
B. The ways to stay away from tall buildings.
C. The ways to move outdoors to an open area.
③遇见？要留心
肖战帅不？
贼帅啊！啊！
【2018·云南】
These days, more and more Chinese people enjoy sending and receiving messages on the phone. It can help them to get the latest news and communicate with friends. But I think I should read more books besides the textbooks, the more, the better. It can open my eyes and improve my language skills. Of course, it also can help me to get good grades. Do you know how to read more and learn more Here are some tips for you.
◆ Clear your purpose for reading ......
◆ Read only what you are interested in......
◆ Give up books that you don't enjoy......
◆ Set a reading goal......
65.The passage mainly tells us_______.
A. how to read more and learn more
B. how to choose a good book
C. how to read faster
D. why we should read more books
【2018·南京】
Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many different countries．...... Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumer(消费者)．Why is this, and what are the effects(影响) of these long distances
...... Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world．We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes．They are available in winter if we want．
......
What's wrong with “food miles” Is this not a good way of increasing international trade I believe these miles are worrying for a number of reasons．......
40.This passage is mainly about _______.
A. how local food travels from field to plate
B. What “food miles” is and its effects
C. how some countries import their food
D. where different kinds of food come from
解题三步走
1. 判断主旨题
2. 判断文章结构
3. 找主旨句
看首尾段和首尾句
转折词前后有答案出没
重复的词是重点
三步即可轻松搞定阅读主旨题！
1. 以偏概全
2. 无关信息
3. 不选绝对化的词
干扰选项
all, only, always, never等等
阅读理解的四大题型
猜词题
一. 判断词义猜测题
1.What does the underlined word XXX mean
2. The underlined word XXX here probably mean...
3. According to the passage , XXX probably means ...
1.感彩推测
好词：happy、exciting、like、love、
intesting、great、wonderful
fantastic、delighted
贬义词：bad、worse、terrible、hard、
bitter、down、awful、upset、
touble、difficulty、unhappy
P45 （A）
二. 词义猜测题做题方法
2.借助逻辑关系词
1.并列：and、so、because、so...that、
in order to、not only...but also
2.转折：but、yet、however、while、instead of
on the contrary、on the other hand、
sadly、surprising、unluckily、unfortunately
P46（C/D）
3.原文解释或例子
定语从句、插入语、同位语出现，或举例来说明
P46(B)