2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第3讲-非谓语动词-教案

课程主题： 第3讲 非谓语动词 2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习
学习目标 1.掌握非谓语动词的基本运用；2.掌握非谓语动词的相关搭配。
教学内容
【进门测试】一、单项选择1. —Jack, why have you decided _________Chinese folk music as a course. —To learn more about Chinese culture.A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take2. —Why doesn’t the surgeon stop _______ lunch —Because he is too busy _______ a dying patient in the operation room. A. to have; to save B. having; to save C. to have; saving D. having; saving3. Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time _______ her words on paper.A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts4. The girl students are discussing _______ the walls in the classroom.A. what to paint color B. to paint what color C. which color to paint D. to paint which color5. —A young man has just borrowed 5,000,000 yuan from a bank to buy a flat.—That sounds crazy. He will risk _______ everything all at one time. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. of losing6. Life is about waiting for the right moment________, because everyone is in his own TIME ZONE.A. acting B. to act C. act D. acts7. The price of housing in Nanjing is so high that many people can’t afford _______ a flat.A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. buy8. —Excuse me, can you explain the reason to me again —Sorry, I know what I want to say but I have difficulty _______ myself clearly.A. express B. to express C. expressing D. to be expressed 9. When you travel abroad, you can hardly avoid ________products made in China.A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. be bought10. — It’s going to rain tonight. I’m a little worried about Adam. He’s still out. — Why not _______ him a call give B. to give C. giving D. gave【答案】1-5 DCCCB 6-10 BBCCA 【多元导学】教学建议：根据图片的内容引出本课的重点内容。【互动精讲】非谓语动词之动词ing【知识梳理】动词ing的句法功能1. 动名词作主语：谓语动词用单数。Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多对你的健康有害。2. 作表语： His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。3. 作定语：She is reading in the library. 她在阅览室里面。4. 英语中有一些动词（短语）后面常跟动名词作宾语 She practices playing volleyball every day. Do you mind opening the door I used to get up late, but now I am used to getting up early in the morning. I can’t help you. I am busy doing my homework. I have difficulty remembering all the words. My father and I had fun watching the interesting film yesterday. The book by Mo Yan is worth reading . He prefers staying at home to going to school.5. ing做补语：Don’t keep us waiting for too long. 不要让我们等得太久。I heard him singing in the classroom. 我听到他正在教室里唱歌。非谓语动词之动词doneThe speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard. The girl named Jenny is my sister.非谓语动词之动词不定式【知识梳理1】动词不定式的构成1. 基本形式：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义。e.g. To hear your voice is so nice. (to hear叫做动词不定式)2. 否定形式：not (+to)+动词原形e.g. I am sorry not to tell you the news.3. 特点：动词不定式作为非谓语动词的一种，具有动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称和数的变化。【例题精讲】例1. Let us celebrate the Spring Festival together.例2.You had better not discuss the exams.【课堂练习】Our head teacher warned us_______ (not fly) kites near power lines in spring. 【答案】not to fly 【解析】考查固定搭配warn sb to do sth警告某人做某事。2. —It’s raining hard outside. You’d better ________ (not go) out. —OK.【答案】not go 【解析】考查had better do sth否定结构为had better not do sth最好不做某事。【知识梳理2】动词不定式的句法功能1) 作主语动词不定式可以在句子中作主语，且作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。其结构是 It’s +adj.+of/ for sb + to do. 2) 作宾语1) 一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语: want, decide, hope, agree, wish, need ,promise, would like, plan, manage, offer, fail, ask, afford 等。e.g. I hope to have a more comfortable bed. He decides to buy another pair of trainers for his daughter. At last, the children managed to enter the room.2) 在find, think后用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。e.g. I find it hard to understand the passage.I think it interesting to read this book.3) 常见的一些用不带to的动词不定式做宾语，这类动词有：一感；二听；三使；四看Will (Would) you please (not)... 请（不要）做某事好吗 had better最好做某事Why not... 为何不做某事would rather(not)...宁可(不)；宁愿(不)3) 作宾语补足语e.g. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.此处to turn down the radio为宾语him的补足语，turn down这个动作由he来做，是逻辑上的主语。这类动词一般可以分为三类：实义动词一些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语补足语: tell, ask, want, allow, would like, encourage, invite, need, tell, advise等。e.g. Our English teacher encourages us to read loudly in the morning.感官动词和使役动词有些感官动词和使役动词如feel, hear, listen to, watch, see, notice, make, let, have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时常常省去不定式符号to。e.g. I saw him go into the classroom just now.但将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。e.g. We see a lot of boys play basketball in the afternoon.→A lot of boys are seen to play basketball in the afternoon by us. The strict father makes the children do housework every day.→The children are made to do housework by the strict father every day.help动词help比较特殊，后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，既可带to, 也可不带to.e.g. The boy asked his father to help him (to) work out the problem.4) 做定语动词不定式作定语时，应该放在名词或复合不定代词后，它与名词或复合不定代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。e.g. There is nothing to worry about. (worry about nothing)Have you got anything to say (say something)5) 作状语通常情况下，动词不定式在句子中充当：目的状语：一般置于句末或句首，用来表示做某事的目的，通常to do可以用in order to 进行同义句转换；e.g. I went to the library to study English. (表示目的) = I went to the library in order to study English. = To/ In order to study English, I went to the library.结果状语：一般置于句末，用来表示做事的结果，初中常见的句型有：too…to…; enough.. to...。e.g. She arrived at the airport to find the train had left.The young man was not strong enough to carry the heavy bag.= The young man was too weak to carry the heavy bag.【例题精讲】例1.To learn English well is useful for us. = It is useful for us to learn English well.例2. The doctor advises him to stay in bed for several months.【课堂练习】It is my job _________ (introduce) the film stars from Taiwan on the show.【答案】to introduce【解析】to do不定式做宾语补足语。2.It is difficult _______ them _______ the charity walk without team spirit. A. for; to finish B. of; to finish C. for; finishing D. of; finishing 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定句型It’s adj. for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事是怎么样的。3.The boy is often heard ________ in the music room. He sings very well.A. practice singing B. to practice singingC. practiced singing D. practicing singing【答案】B【解析】考查省略to的不定式在被动结构中还原to，另外注意固定结构practice doing。4.Tom often makes his brother _________but yesterday he was made________ by his brother.A. cry; to cry B. to cry; cry C. cry; cry D. to cry; to cry【答案】A 【解析】考查make sb do sth，排除B和D，根据被动结构还原to的原则，排除C。5.The thief was noticed _________the office building by the back door on the screen.A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into【答案】C【解析】考查be noticed to do sth，notice也是被动结构还原to。We should think about what we can do _________ (keep) animals and plants from becoming endangered.【答案】to keep【解析】考查不定式表目的，译为为了......。7. How kind you are! You always do what you can_________ me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps【答案】C【解析】考查不定式表目的。【知识梳理3】常考的后跟动词不定式和动名词搭配的结构1）后跟动名词的结构有:finish/ keep/ practise/ mind/ enjoy/ spend /suggest/like/love/hate can't stop; can’t help (情不自禁) have difficulty (trouble/problem) be busy be worth prefer ...to..../look forward to/be used to (习惯于)/pay attention to/devote...to ... have a good time /have fun;spend time... ;stop/keep/prevent sb. (from) What/How about...2）后跟动词不定式的结构有:agree/learn/ hope /wish/ plan / decide / choose / would like / seem /invite /fail /promise/afford/seem have/has (no) time...try one's best; can't wait ; the first ...; have no choice but....; adj/adv+enough...It's +adj+(for/of sb) +....It's time...; There is no need... 3）但是有一些动词后既可以加动名词做宾语，又可以接动词不定式做宾语，而且两者用法相差甚远：remember to do (记住去做)remember doing (记得做过)forget to do (忘记去做)forget doing (忘记做过)try to do (设法做)try doing (试着做)go on to do (接着做另一事)go on doing (继续做同一事)stop to do (停下来去做)stop doing (停止做)can’t help to do (不能帮助做)can’t help doing (情不自禁做)【例题精讲】例1. —Would you like _______ or shall we go by bus — I prefer _______, but we have to take a taxi, for time is short.walking; to walk B. to walk; walking C. to walk; to walk D. walk; walk【答案】C 【解析】第一个空考查would like to do sth;第二空考查prefer to do宁愿做某事。例2.Each of us is looking forward ________a good result. Let's do it more carefully. A. to get B. for getting C. to getting D. getting【答案】C 【解析】考查结构look forward to doing，译为期盼着做某事。【课堂练习】1.Tony used to ________to school, but he is used to ________ to school now.walk; taking a bus B. walked; take a bus C. walk; take a bus D. walking; to take a bus【答案】A 【解析】第一空考查used to do sth过去常常做某事，第二空考查be used to doing习惯于做某事。—Dad, why must I stop _______ computer games —For your health, my boy.A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing【答案】D 【解析】考查stop doing 和stop to do 的区别，前者表示停止正在做的事情，后者表示停下来正在做的事情去做另外一件事。【知识梳理4】疑问词+动词不定式不定式放在疑问词what, where, which和how之后，此时相当于一个宾语从句。此时要求do的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，或者与主句的宾语一致。【例题精讲】例1. I don’t know what to do tomorrow. = I don’t know what I should do tomorrow.例2.I will tell you how to handle it next time. = I will tell you how you should handle it next time.【课堂练习】— I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you —I haven’t decided where ________.go B. went C. going D. to go【答案】D 【解析】考查特殊疑问词后面加to do 结构。2. —Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ get to the nearest post office —Sorry, I am new here.how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can【答案】C 【解析】考察特殊疑问词加to do以及句意理解，译为怎样到达......。3.I haven’t decided when ________ a holiday yet.A. took B. taking C. to take D. take【答案】C 【解析】考查特殊疑问词后用to do不定式。4.The old lady didn't know _________ when the house caught fire.A. how to do B. how to do it C. what to do D. what to do it【答案】C 【解析】易错，考查what to do和how to do it，需要注意的是需不需要用it指代前面提到的东西，本题不需要指代，句意为当房子起火时这位老妇人不知道该做什么。 【课堂检测】一、单项选择1. —Would you like to play table tennis with me —I don’t feel like it. I would rather __________ at home and watch TV.A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed2. —I hope to take the DIY course at weekends. —Good idea. ______ more about it, visit the website.A. Know B. Knew C. Knowing D. To know3. The ORBIS doctors did everything ________the girl with eye problems.A. save B. saved C. to save D. saving【答案】ADC二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Children are warned _________ (not play) on the roads.2.The government encourages young people who have difficulty _______（find）a job to start their own businesses.3.The aim of Readers is to share thoughts and feelings by ________(read) wonderful words.4. ________(compare) with life in the city, life in the countryside is more comfortable in some ways. 5.— I am sorry to keep you ________(wait) on such a cold morning. — It doesn’t matter. I’ve just arrived.6.________(learn) more about the history of Nanjing, you can visit some local museums.7.I can hear the girl ________ (read) English every morning. That’s why she is good at the subject. 8.—Kate, you look tired. Why not ________(take) a holiday —Good idea, but I have to finish the work in a week.【答案】1.not to play 2. finding 3.reading 4.Compared 5.waiting 6.To learn 7.read 8.take完型填空Kevin sat at the desk in his study, pencil in hand. He had to write a story for his English class by Friday. “I don’t know what to 1 ,” he complained to his dog, who was asleep at his feet. Kevin was talkative when speaking to his friends, yet he had 2 finding words he had to write.By bedtime Kevin had drawn a picture of his dog smiling. He had drawn a tree with its branches(树枝) blowing in a high wind. He had also written a 3 asking his friend to go to the movies on Saturday. 4 he had not written a single word of his story.On Wednesday, Mrs Scott, Kevin’s English teacher, asked the class to 5 the first draft() of their stories. Kevin had to turn in the only work that he had—the page with his name, the 6 , and the note.Kevin wasn’t 7 when Mrs Scott asked him to stay after class the next day. But he was surprised by what 8 said to him. “Kevin, this is a fantastic story—the dog, the movie, the tree in the 9 . I can’t wait to find out how they all fit together. I think you have the idea of a story there. Look at your note and the pictures and try to see 10 a story comes to you.”That night Kevin sat at his desk, and this was what he wrote: “One Saturday Tom went to meet his friend at the 11 . it looked as if it might rain, so Tom 12 his umbrella. Suddenly a big storm blew in. The noise of the wind 13 like Tom’s dog Spotty. Spotty really hated storms and barked whenever he wanted to be let inside. Then Tom saw Spotty running after him down the busy street, barking. The sound was full of blame(责备). Tom felt 14 because he had left Spotty outside. He turned and headed home with Spotty. Tom let Spotty in the door just and the rain started to pour down.”Kevin had a story after all. The last thing he did was to write his name 15 at the top of the page.1. A. talk about B. worry about C. write about D. care about2. A. trouble B. fun C. help D. experience3. A. report B. notice C. letter D. note4. A. And B. But C. So D. Or5. A. hand in B. hand out C. take in D. take out6. A. photos B. maps C. writings D. drawings7. A. cheerful B. surprised C. scared D. satisfied[来源:学8. A. I B. you C. he D. she9. A. wind B. rain C. snow D. fog10. A. when B. why C. if D. where11. A. theatre B. cinema C. bank D. museum12. A. carried B. lost C. sold D. hid13. A. looked B. felt C. sounded D. acted14. A. energetic B. angry C. guilty D. curious15. A. smoothly B. proudly C. hurriedly D. properly 【答案】1-5 CADBA 6-10 DBDAC 11-15 BACCB【要点回顾】常考的后跟动名词和动词不定式搭配的结构1）后跟动名词的结构有:finish/ keep/ practise/ mind/ enjoy/ spend /suggest/like/love/hate can't stop; can’t help (情不自禁) have difficulty (trouble/problem) be busy be worth prefer ...to..../look forward to/be used to (习惯于)/pay attention to/devote...to ... have a good time /have funspend time... stop/keep/prevent sb. (from) What/How about...2）后跟动词不定式的结构有:agree/learn/ hope /wish/ plan / decide / choose / would like / seem /invite /fail /promise/afford/seem have/has (no) time...try one's best can't wait the first ...have no choice but....adj/adv+enough...It's +adj+(for/of sb) +....It's time... There is no need... 【温故知新】课后巩固用所给词的适当形式填空1.—Would you mind ________(帮助) me carry this heavy box to the classroom —Of course not.2.—Lily, why do you like classical music so much —Because it can always help me _________ (放松) when I feel stressed.3.She promised to do all she can _________(help) me but she failed to do that.4.—Do you think it is worth _________(connect) my watch to the Internet —I’m afraid it isn’t necessary to do so.5.We must do everything we can ________(make) our sky more and more blue. 6.When Kitty and her classmates visited Hong Kong Disneyland last May Day, they couldn’t stop_________(take)photos with Disney characters.7.Some young people are volunteering to do what they can_______(help) clean the litter in Zijin Mountain every weekend. 8.Why not (change) the plan since the rain is so heavy 9.If the whole of our society keeps ________ (try), we will have more and more blue skies with each passing year.10.—We are now busy ________(prepare) for the Senior High School Entrance Examination. —I see. Just take it easy.【答案】1-5 helping; relax; to help; connecting; to make; 6-10 taking; to help; change; trying; preparing预习思考教学建议：这么经典的照片肯定都见过，这也是现在很多人争相模仿但无法超越的经典造型。可以通过《罗马假日》这部经典电影中的这句经典台词引入要讲的内容：连词。这句经典台词中有3个and和1个as，提问学生是否都知道意思。这么多的连词放在句子里，到底有什么用呢，接下来我们就来具体看看连词是什么以及怎么用。
Princess Ann: I have to leave you now. I'm going to that corner there, and turn. You stay in car and drive
away. Promise not to　watch me go beyond the corner. Just drive away and leave me as I leave you.
Well, life isn't always what one likes, isn't it