2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习：第6讲-感叹句&祈使句&并列句-教案

课程主题： 感叹句&祈使句&并列句 2023年安徽省中考英语总复习一轮复习
学习目标 1.了解 感叹句&祈使句&并列句的概况和解题技巧；2.通过各种题型的练习，提高 感叹句&祈使句&并列句解题的能力。
教学内容
【进门测试】一. 填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1. ________ difficult homework we had yesterday ! 2. ________cute dog it is !3. ________ interesting the story is !4. ________ bad the weather in England is !5. ________ honest boy Tom is !6. ________ tasty smell the cake gave off !7. ________ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8. ________ exciting news you've brought us !9. ________cool your new car is !10. ________ scary these tigers are !答案：1. What 2. What a 3. How 4. How 5. What an 6. What a 7. What a 8. What 9. How 10. How【多元导学】观察下面的句子，总结下列句子的特点。What a day!What beautiful clothes!How fast he runs!【互动精讲】知识点一（感叹句）【知识梳理】1. 感叹句的定义感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由what 或how 引导。2. 感叹句的结构what 引导的感叹句“what”意为“多么”用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。① “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What a clever girl she is ! 她是多么聪明的女孩呀！ What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！ What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！ ② “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！ ③ “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！ What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！批注：①中考中常考的一些不可数名词有news, information, advice, weather,fun, music,traffic, work, food, knowledge, furniture, progress等。②有些不可数名词，如果前面有形容词修饰，要将这些抽象名词具体化，在这些不可数名词前加不定冠词a/an.如：What a great time we had last week!What a heavy rain!how 引导的感叹句“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。① “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How kind you are ! 你多么的善良啊！ How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！② “ How ＋主语＋谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！what与how之间的转换在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用"what"引导，也可用"how"引导。如： ① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ ② What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ ③ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！④ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！3. 陈述句变感叹句在把陈述句变感叹句时，可以根据以下这种方法—— 一断二添三换位。“一断” 即在谓语后面断开，使句子分成两部分；“二添” 即在第二部分前加上how（强调形容词、副词）或what（强调名词）；“三换位” 即把第一部分和第二部分互换位置，句号换感叹号。如：The boy runs quickly. → The boy runs / quickly. → The boy runs （how）quickly. →How quickly the boy runs!She is a pretty girl. → She is / a pretty girl. →She is（what）a pretty girl. →What a pretty girl she is!【例题精讲】例1. —I can’t believe Jack talked to his grandfather like that just now. ______ boy he is! —I agree. He is not supposed to do that.A. How polite B. How impoliteC. What a polite D. What an impolite 【答案】 D 【解析】 句意：我不能相信Jack 刚才那样和他的爷爷说话。多没礼貌的男孩啊！我同意。他不应该这样做。修饰名词boy用what，boy是可数名词单数，故选择D。例2. _________ useful robot! It can help with the housework like a human.A. How B. What an C. How a D. What a【答案】 D 【解析】 句意：多么有用的机器人啊！它能像人类一样帮助做家务。修饰名词robot用what，robot是可数名词单数，故选择D。例3. — _______ great fun it is to be with her!—That’s true. She is a friendly person with a great sense of humour.A.What B. What a C. How D. How a【答案】 A 【解析】 句意：和她在一起多么快乐啊！那确实。她是一个友好并且有幽默感的人。修饰名词fun用what，fun是不可数名词，故选择A。例4. — Look! the man is riding! He leaves other people far behind.— I know him. He is a famous riding-lover.A. How fast B. How slowly C. What fast D. What slowly【答案】 A【解析】 句意：看！这个男人骑车多快啊！他把其他人远远甩在身后。 我知道他。他是一位著名的骑车爱好者。修饰副词fast用how，故选择A。例5. — _______ good film Wolf Warrior II is!— Exactly. I haven’t seen a better one recently. A. What a B. What C. How D. How a【答案】 A【解析】 句意：战狼2是一部多好的电影啊！ 确实是我最近没有看过一部更好的了。修饰名词film用what，film是可数名词单数，故选择A。【课堂练习】1. --________work they are doing! --Yes, and_________they are working! They are the best workers. A. What hard; how hard B. How hard; what hardC. What a hard; how hard D. How a hard; what hard2. Look!________it is! A dog can ride a bike so well! A. What amazing B. What an amazing C. How an amazing D. How amazing3. --Eric went into the bushes alone this morning. --Really How________he is!A. Helpful B. brave C. rude D. surprises4._________interesting story it is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an5._________we have today! A. How fine a weather B. How fine weather C. What a fine weather D. What fine weather答案：A D B B D知识点二（祈使句）【知识梳理】祈使句的定义 表示请求、命令、建议、祝愿、邀请或要求的句子叫祈使句。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。如： Shut the door! 把门关上! Have a cup of coffee! 喝杯咖啡吧!2. 祈使句的结构和用法肯定形式① Do型（行为动词 原形 + 其他）Stand up! 起立！Close the door, please.请关上门！祈使句中如有主语， 一定要用逗号隔开， 放在句首或句尾。Sally, Put it on.= Put it on, Sally.有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。② Be型（Be+形容词/副词/名词+其他）Be quiet,please./Please be quiet. 请安静!Be friendly to your cousin. 对你的表弟要友好.Be here at six tomorrow morning. 明天上午六点到这儿.Be a good boy. 要做一个好孩子.③ Let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+动词原形Let me help you. 让我来帮帮你。Let her try it at once. 让她马上就试一试吧。【注意】有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do或加 be sure to， 可译作“务必”，“一定”Do come again. 务必再来。Be sure to write and give me all the news. 一定要写信告诉我所有的消息。（2） 否定形式① Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! ② Let型的否定式有两种: Let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+ not+ 动词原形Don’t let +us(me/him/her/it/them)+动词原形如：Let’s not say anything about it.Don’t let him go alone.（3）其他形式的祈使句① 用no开头, 用来表示禁止性的祈使句，尤其用于告示。 No+V.-ing 和No+名词如：No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 No smoking! 禁止吸烟No photos! 禁止拍照② 以may为句首的表示祝愿的祈使句 。May you + 动词原形May you succeed!祝你成功!May you have a safe journey! 祝你一路平安!3. 祈使句的反意疑问句（1）由行为动词引起的祈使句，无论其陈述部分是肯定的还是否定的祈使句，多用“will you”,表一种客气的语气。如： Listen to me, will you Don’t tell anyone about it, will you （2）let me和let us表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“will you ”.如： Let us go for a walk, will you （3）let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“shall we ”.如：Let’s go for a walk, shall we Let’s forget it, shall we 祈使句用于两个重要的句型中（1）“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件；如：Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.(=If you hurry up, you’ll catch the train.)（2）“祈使句+or（else）+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or(else)表示“否则，要不然”；如： Hurry up or you’ll miss the train.(=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.)【例题精讲】例1. ---Excuse me, but can you tell me where the nearest bank is ---Just ________ going for two more blocks and you’ll see it. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps【答案】A【解析】祈使句+and+好的结果。例2. Sandy, _________ for some information about the topic. Then share it with us, please. A. is searching B. searches C. search D. will search【答案】C【解析】此题的关键在逗号上，是一个祈使句，表命令。例3. Do you really want to do this, my boy Think twice! Or you __________ (regret) it one day. 【答案】will regret【解析】or连接的是一个不好的结果，且需用将来时。例4. Mike, together with your sister, _________ (play) chess at home. I'll buy biscuits for you. 【答案】play【解析】此题是一个祈使句，表命令。例5. Jim, you go there to help him, _______ A. do you B. will you C. are you D. have you【答案】B【解析】句首的呼语 Jim 清楚地表明这一个祈使句，只是其前带了主语而已。例6. ________ me back my money, or I’ll ring the police.A. Giving B. Given C. Give D. To give【答案】C【解析】填空处为祈使句谓语，故用动词原形。例7. _________ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house. A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed【答案】A【解析】此题的关键是要注意句中的连词and，它表明整个句子是一个并列句，即 and 前后应各是一个独立的句子，而不应是一个非谓语形式的短语。【课堂练习】
1. 请照看好您的包。 __________________________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! __________________________________!
3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! __________________________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。 __________________________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________________________.答案：1. Please look after your bag.　Let's go to school !
3. Be glad, dear!　4. Don't put the book here .
5. Don't let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in.知识点三（并列句）【知识梳理】并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接。根据分句之间的关系，并列句可分为下列四种类型：1. 表示顺承关系用连词或逗号、分号连接构成并列句。常见的表示顺承关系的并列连词有and(和)，not only… but also…(不但……，而且……)。如：Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher. 她父亲是医生，她母亲是教师。Not only did he say it but also he did it. 他不但说了，而且做了。2. 表示转折关系常见表示转折的并列连词有but（但是），yet（可是），while（然而）等。如：It was late at night, but he went on doing his homework. 夜深了，但是他还在继续做作业。You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year. 你能在5分钟之内画一匹马，然而你让我等了一年。She is a doctor while I am a teacher.她是医生而我是教师。3. 表示选择关系常用表示选择的并列连词有or（或者），either…or…(不是……就是……)等。如：Study hard, or you can’t pass the exam.努力学习，否则你就不能通过考试。Either come in or go out.要么进来，要么出去。4. 表示因果关系常见表示因果的并列连词so(所以)，f or（因为）等。如：He hurt his leg, so he had to stay at home.他弄伤了他的腿，因此他不得不呆在家里。We had to walk home, for there was no bus last night.昨晚因为没有汽车了, 我只得走回家。在使用并列句时应注意：although(虽然)，though（虽然），不能和but(但是)连用；so（所以）不能和because（因为）连用，但可以单独使用。【例题精讲】例1. --Finish your homework __________ you can’t play computer games, Jim.--All right, Mum.A. but B. till C. and D. or【答案】D 【解析】这是祈使句。祈使句的连接有两种形式，一个是or,一个是and。根据前后句的转折关系可知应选择连词or。例2. -- I don’t think you uncle really likes drama series. -- No, ______ he still watches the programme.A. and B. so C. or D.but【答案】D【解析】根据前面的回答No可知叔叔不喜欢电视剧，后句说他看，前后句之间是转折关系，所以选择but。例3. Practice more,_________ you’ll learn English better.or B. so C. and D. but【答案】C【解析】根据句意：练习的越多，你的英语会学习的更好。前后句之间是顺承关系，所以选择and。例4. Going to the movies is good ________ I really only like listening to music.and B. but C. so D. or【答案】B【解析】根据句意：去看电影很好，但是我真的只喜欢听音乐。前后句之间是转折关系，所以选择but。例5. Be careful, _________ you will miss the right answer.and B. or C. but D. so【答案】B【解析】根据句意：细心点，否则你会错过正确答案。前后句之间是选择关系，所以选择or。【课堂练习】1. Study hard, ______ you’ll pass the exam. A. or B. and C. but D. so2. Stop cutting trees, ______ the environment will become worse. A. and B. until C. then D. or3. -- Would you like to have supper with us -- I’d love to, _____ I’m too busy.A. and B. if C. but D. so4. I can _____ swim ______ skate. I’m going to have some training next year.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also5. None of the shoes in the shop fit me well. They are _____ too big ____ too small. A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also答案：B D C B B 【课堂检测】一. 单项选择（　　）1. Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. ________ great courage he showed!A. What a B. What C. How a D. How（　　）2. ________big success the charity show was！We have collected a lot of money.How B.What C. What a D. How a（　　）3. __________ good time we had during the May Day holiday!A. What a B. What C. How D. How a（　　）4. _____ great fun Andrew has ______ DIY in the art room with his classmates!A. What; doing B. What; done C. How; doing D. How; done（　　）5. —Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest.—____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English.A. How B. How a C. What D. What a（　　）6. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it （　　）7. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not （　　）8. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't（　　）9. Please help me carry it, ______ A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we （　　）10. Don't make so much noise, ______ A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you （　　）11. -- Who will teach you to swim this summer -- The twins. Because _____ Lily _____ Lucy swim very well.A. both; and B. neither; nor C. either; or D. not only; but also（　　）12. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven’t got everything ready ______. A. ever B. already C. yet D. still（　　）13. ______ I live near the sea, I am not a good swimmer.A. But B. Although C. If D. So（　　）14. He met many problems ______ he was going over his lessons.A. before B. as soon as C. since D. while（　　）15.We have been good friends ______ we joined the same ping-pong team.A. after B. before C. since D. until答案：1-5 BCAAC 6-10 ABDBA 11-15 ACBDC二. 句型转换 1. Will you please read it again more slowly （改为祈使句） ______ ______ again more slowly, please. 2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句） _____ _____ me, or I’ll go. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____ The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句） _____ _____careless, please. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_____ _____ next to Nancy. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句） Don't forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____ If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句） _____ _____, or you'll e to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句） Come to my house tomorrow, _____ _____ 这是一个坏了的杯子。 （翻译句子） This is a ______ ______. 10.让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子） Let’s go and help the _____ _____, please.答案：1. Read it 2. Listen to 3. shall we 4. Don’t be 5. Don’t sit 6. will you 7. Don’t move 8. will you 9. broken glass / cup 10. crying girl三. 完形填空 I was driving around downtown(市区)one afternoon in the winter. I came up to a red light and stopped. As I was___1 ___ ,I saw a young guy standing on my left. He was __2___ in the face and holding a cardboard (纸板) sign with some writing on it. When you are in the center of downtown, it's very ____3____ to see homeless people asking for money. Usually, I would pass them, but this time when I glanced ( 瞟, ) over the sign, I ____4____. I can't remember what the sign said exactly, but it was something like," __5__ money/food, have stomach cancer, homeless, anything helps." I didn't know why, but for some ___6___ this particular sign struck ( 打击) me. The___7___ had just turned green, and there was too much traffic behind me. I was thinking a hundred times in the next second about whether I should do something."Should I help Drive on Should I do something " ___8___ , I did nothing. The traffic moved forward and I went with it. About a block or two away, my heart had sunk (沉)simply for this guy. I felt ____9____ for him. So, I decided to go back and ask him ____10____I could buy him lunch and hear his story. It took me about five minutes to go ____11____ on to the same street where I had seen him. It was just five minutes--but he was____12____ "Where did he go so fast " I wondered. There was ___13___ left to do except driving on. If you really want to do something, ____14___ do it. Don't ___15_____ out-for yourself and for that other person.A. resting B. walking C. waiting D. talkingA. dirty B. excited C. happy D. proudA. unlucky B. rare C. special D. easyA. laughed B. returned C. continued D. stoppedA. Spare B. Need C. Keep D. CollectA. reason B. purpose C. goal D. conditionA. face B. sign C. light D. carA. However B. Although C. And D. SoA. proud B. sorry C. interested D. excited10. A. when B. where C. how D. whether11.A. away B. back C. around D. up12.A. gone B. caught C. dead D. blind13.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything14.A. just B. only C. even D. so15.A. miss B. make C. forget D. find答案：1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. A 7 C 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. A【要点回顾】感叹句的结构(1) What引导的感叹句What＋a/an＋adj＋名词单数(＋S+V)! What＋adj＋名词复数(＋S+V)! What＋adj＋不可数名词(＋S+V)! (2) How引导的感叹句How修饰形容词或副词：How＋adj/adv(＋S+V)! How修饰动词： How＋主谓！ （常见于How time flies!）肯定的祈使句Do型Be型Let 型 否定的祈使句(1) Don’t型(2) No型并列句(1) 顺承关系(2)转折关系(3)选择关系(4)因果关系【温故知新】单项选择1. -- ______ fresh vegetables! -- I myself grow them. Go to the balcony, you can see more.A.How B. What C. What a D. How a2. -- __________ weather it is! We can’t go boating on the Xuanwu Lake. -- Don’t worry. Let’s go to the Science Museum instead.A. What good B. How good C. How bad D. What bad3. ____nice the ice cream looks! I can't wait to taste it.A. How a B. How C. What a D. What4. -- It is said that the scientists have found new ways to deal with AIDS. -- wonderful news it is! A.How B. What a C. How a D. What 5. _____children Simon and Jim are! They help Mrs. Li clean the house every day.A.How nice B. How brave C. What nice D. What brave6. Boys and girls, ________ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts7. “_______ exercise every day, my child. It’s good for your health.” Father said. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes8. _________ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried9. Ssh! ________ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now.A. Do B. Does C. Don’t D. Doesn’t 10. Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _______ A. shall we B. will you C. won’t you D. do you答案：1-5 BDBDC 6-10 CCCCB 预习思考
一断
二添
三换位
三换位
二添
一断
When Where Who What How Why
I wonder...
I think...
I’m not sure...
I doubt.....
For Example:
1. I wonder why he was murdered
2. I think that he was killed at night.
To be continued...
For Example:
1. I wonder why he was murdered
2. I think that he was killed at night.
To be continued...