高考英语二轮复习语法填空指导- 词形变化题(含答案)

文档属性

名称 高考英语二轮复习语法填空指导- 词形变化题(含答案)
格式 zip
文件大小 239.0KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2023-04-17 10:47:00

图片预览

文档简介

专攻解题方法与技巧
语法填空指导- 词形变化题
考查词形的变化是高考语法填空的一个重点。在解答语法填空中词性变化的相关题目时,一要根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性:名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等,动词作谓语与非谓语,形容词作表语、定语,副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子;二要根据标志词及语境确定比较级;三要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
微技能一 INCLUDEPICTURE"竖线.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\Jbcm-217\\F\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 提示词为名词的词形变化
思维定向 典题试做 解题原则
1.名词的单复数 1.(2020·浙江7月卷)Later,they learned to work with the ________(season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas,making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.2.About a few ________ (month) ago, a photographer went to take pictures in Litang, a remote place in Sichuan province, and he accidentally shot a video of Dingzhen.3.(2021·日照市5月联考)Many of them could hold important clues for solving some of the most pressing ________ (challenge) of medicine and even perhaps of the emerging and current pandemics we are seeing today. 若提示词是可数名词单数,分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变,此时应考虑填名词的复数。若有以下情况考虑名词复数:(1)有数词或these, those, several, many, all, both, various, numerous等词修饰时用名词复数形式。(2)名词前有one of时用名词复数形式。(3)若谓语动词是复数形式,且空处作主语,则空处应填名词复数形式。
2.填名词的所有格 4.(2021·八省市联考)A ________ (student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.5.(2021·赣州市高三年级摸底)Meanwhile, universities managed to meet the ________ (student)study and leisure needs. 提示词与其后的名词是所属关系, 应考虑名词的所有格。(1)单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加-’s。(2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词,所有格形式为-s’或-es’。
3.名词转换成形容词  6.(2021·全国乙卷)Provide ________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.7.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ改编)Judges will choose up to ____________ (honor) mention winners,who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight. 提示词为名词,如果作定语修饰后面的名词,则一般考查名词变形容词。熟记名词变形容词的后缀:(1)n.+-able→adj.  honor→honorable(2)n.+-al→adj. nature→natural(3)n.+-ful→adj. colour→colourful(4)n.+-en→adj. wood→wooden(5)n.+-y→adj. wealth→wealthy
4.名词转换成 动词  8.(全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ____________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.9.(2021·渭南市质量检测)Thanks to a growing network of reserves and community protection actions, pandas are no longer ________ (danger), but the biggest hope for their long-term survival is the Giant Panda National Park which will be open in the coming months. 提示词为名词,如果作谓语或非谓语,则一般考查名词变动词。熟记名词变动词的前/后缀:(1)en-:courage→encouragedanger→endanger(2)-en:strength→strengthen(3)-ize:apology→apologize
答案
1.seasons [考查名词的数。提示词为名词,空处被the修饰且空格后无名词,故空格处应为名词,因此考虑名词单复数的转化。根据常识和语境可知,人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼,故用名词复数。]
2.months [考查名词的数。a few修饰可数名词复数。]
3.challenges [考查名词的数。句意:其中许多可能为解决一些最紧迫的医学挑战,甚至可能是我们今天看到的新出现的和当前的流行病提供重要线索。challenge为可数名词,由some of修饰,应用复数形式。]
4.student’s [考查名词的格。此处student与后文college experience构成所属关系,结合后文“his or her own”可知指一个学生的大学经历,故应用名词所有格形式student’s。故填student’s。]
5.students’ [考查名词的格。句意:同时,大学也设法满足学生的学习和休闲需求。此处是指很多学生,所以应用名词复数。表示“学生的学习和休闲需求”应用名词所有格。]
6.financial [考查词性转换。空格在名词aid之前,应填形容词作定语,financial“财政的”。]
7.honorable [考查词性转换。句意:评委将选出最多50名荣誉获奖者,每人将获得一件T恤衫,以纪念埃尔哈特的最后一次飞行。winners为名词,应该用honor的形容词形式honorable来修饰。]
8.strengthen [考查词性转换。此处to为不定式符号,在句中作目的状语,故填strength的动词形式strengthen。]
9.endangered [考查词性转换。句意:由于保护区网络和社区保护行动的不断发展,大熊猫不再处于濒危状态,但它们长期生存的最大希望是即将在未来几个月开放的大熊猫国家公园。分析句子可知, are后应接形容词作表语,endanger的形容词为endangered,表示“濒临灭绝的”,符合语境。]
【名师点拨】 名词变复数的6种变化形式
一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book→books, mouth→mouths, house→houses, girl→girls
以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass→glasses, box→boxes, match→matches, brush→brushes
以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es city→cities, country→countries, party→parties, factory→factories
以-o结尾的名词常在词尾加-s radio→radios, zoo→zoos, piano→pianos, kilo→kilos, photo→photos加-es的有:hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes
以-f,-fe结尾的名词,一般要变f或fe为v再加-es self→selves, life→lives, thief→thieves, wife→wives, knife→knives, leaf→leaves, shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, half→halves直接加-s的有:roof→roofs,belief→beliefs等
[温馨提示] 注意一些不规则变化的名词复数,如child→children,man→men,woman→women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet等。
微技能二 INCLUDEPICTURE"竖线.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\Jbcm-217\\F\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 提示词为形容词或副词的词形变化
思维定向 典题试做 解题原则
1.形容词的词性转换 1.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Historical ____________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.2.(2021·沈阳市质量监测三)After the founding of the PRC, the central government invested ____________ (enormous) in Beijing glassware.3.(2021·唐山市三模)In the video, Dingzhen was seen walking in front of his home and smiling ____________ (shy) towards the camera.4.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Filled with ____________(curious),the artist packed his bags and left. 分析句子结构, 发现提示词是形容词且需要改变词性时, 应考虑用派生的副词或名词。(1)若空格处修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,则应考虑填副词形式。(2)若空格处在介词或形容词后,应考虑名词作宾语。(3)若空格处作主语或宾语,应考虑填名词形式。
2.形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词 5.(2021·云南省第一次统一检测)“Our task is to organize the Olympic Games and not to cancel the Olympic Games,”he said, adding that the IOC is working day and night to host a safe event.But it’s still ________ (clear) how this will happen, with coronavirus cases increasing around the world. 根据句意和前后逻辑关系, 确定句意表否定时,添加否定前缀(un-,im-,dis-等)或否定后缀(-less)变为反义词。
3.形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级 6.(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ____________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!7.(2021·贵州省适应性测试)Until he passed away in 1961, Mei had been encouraging the spread of Peking Opera for almost 60 years.This lifelong devotion has made him one of the ____________ (great)Peking Opera artists of all time.8.(2021·厦门市第三次质量检测)The more steps people walked, the ____________ (low) their risk of dying was, before leveling off at around 7,500 steps per day.9.(2021·黔东南州模拟)NHS figures revealed that the number of youngsters taken to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services was 4,615 per 100,000—the ____________ (high) on record.10.(2021·成都一诊)The documentary compared Du to Shakespeare to help audiences ____________ (well) understand the poet’s great achievements in literature. (1)利用标志词确定比较等级①题目中有much, far, still, even, rather, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, than等标志性词汇时用比较级。②设空后有表示范围的标志词in,of,among等时用最高级。③设空前有one of the,the+序数词等修饰词时,用最高级。(2)利用固定句型“the+比较级...the+比较级...”表示“越……越……”。(3)利用隐含信息判断句中虽没有标志词,但暗含比较级或最高级,也需要用比较级或最高级。
答案
1.accuracy [考查词性转换。根据语境和空前的修饰词historical可知,此处应用名词accuracy作主语。]
2.enormously [考查词性转换。句意:中华人民共和国成立后,中央政府对北京玻璃器皿进行了大量投资。句中invested是动词过去式,由副词修饰,所给词enormous是形容词,其副词是enormously。]
3.shyly [考查词性转换。句意:在视频中,丁真走在他家门前,对着镜头害羞地笑着。修饰动词smiling应用副词。]
4.curiosity [考查词性转换。介词with后应使用名词作宾语。]
5.unclear [考查词性转换。句意:但目前究竟会如何还不清楚,因为冠状病毒病例在世界各地都在增加。根据转折词but可知,前后句意相反,前文讲国际奥委会正在夜以继日地工作,以举办一场安全的赛事,但是究竟会如何还不清楚。]
6.better [考查比较等级。分析句子结构,且根据空后的than可知,空处应用good的比较级。]
7.greatest [考查比较等级。句意:这一生的奉献使他成为有史以来最伟大的京剧艺术家之一。根据设空前有one of the可断定用形容词最高级。]
8.lower [考查比较等级。句意:人们走的步数越多,他们的死亡风险就越低,然后以每天7 500步的速度平稳下来。“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……,越……”,为固定句式。根据“The more”可知,此处应用比较级。]
9.highest [考查比较等级。句意:NHS的数据显示,接受儿童和青少年心理健康服务的青少年人数为每10万人中有4 615人,这是有史以来最高的数字。根据上文定冠词the,以及句意“最高的”可知应填形容词最高级highest。]
10.better [考查比较等级。由“The documentary compared Du to Shakespeare”可知,这部纪录片将杜甫与莎士比亚作了比较,所以是为了帮助观众“更好地”理解,用副词比较级better修饰动词understand。]
[温馨提示] 形容词变副词的特殊规则见《朗朗晨读》
微技能三 INCLUDEPICTURE"竖线.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\Jbcm-217\\F\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\竖线.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 提示词为代词的词形变化
思维定向 典题试做 解题原则
根据所指对象或根据所作成分 1.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism has ____________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.2.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine ____________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.3.(2020·北京卷)She recognized ____________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm.4.(2019·北京卷)Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to ____________ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.5.(全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____________(they) alive.True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature,the huge animal meant me no real harm. 提示词为代词,当句子缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时,一般填代词;确定填代词之后,再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。1.分析句子结构, 发现提示词作主语,应考虑人称代词主格(I, we, you, he等)形式。2.分析句子结构, 发现提示词作宾语时,应考虑人称代词宾格(me, us, him等)形式。3.分析句子结构, 发现提示词作定语时,应考虑形容词性物主代词(our, my, your等)。4.分析句子结构, 发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语, 且和主语是同一人时,应考虑反身代词(myself, yourself, itself等)。
答案
1.its [考查代词。空格在名词之前,因此填形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”起源。]
2.themselves [考查代词。根据语境可知,主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身,此处应用反身代词形式,故答案为themselves。]
3.my [考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处的potential是名词,意为“潜力”,故此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填my。]
4.myself [考查代词。根据语境以及句子结构可知,空处用反身代词作介词to的宾语。whisper to myself “轻声告诉自己”。]
5.them [考查代词。分析句子结构可知,此处作find的宾语,alive为宾语补足语,故此处要用人称代词的宾格。]
【名师点拨】
1.人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
  人称类别   单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
人称代词 主格 I you he/she/it we you they
宾格 me you him/her/it us you them
物主代词 形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their
名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself/herself/itself ourselves yourselves themselves
2.代词的句法功能
(1)作主语:人称代词主格(I, we, you, he等)。
(2)作宾语/表语:人称代词宾格(me, us, him, them, it等)、名词性物主代词(ours, mine, yours, its等)。
(3)作定语:形容词性物主代词(our, my, your, their等)。
(4)如果宾语与主语是指同一人,用反身代词(myself, yourself, itself等)。
(5)填it的情况:作形式主语或形式宾语;指代前面提到的同一个事物或情况。
(6)that,those作替代词,用来代替已提到的名词,以避免重复。
INCLUDEPICTURE"对点练.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\甜甜\\2021年\\课件\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "\\\\Jbcm-217\\F\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "F:\\2022版 创新设计 二轮专题复习 新高考 英语\\教师Word文档\\专题四 语法填空——先语法再语意\\第二讲 从微观把握——突破语法填空2大题型\\对点练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET
A
(2021·河南省部分学校4月联考)
Lots of cats love having cat companions, but if 1.____________ (you) doesn’t, it might act out by showing fear or aggression.
This doesn’t 2.____________ (necessary) mean you have to give one up!“Cats show great 3.____________ (flexible) in their social behavior,”says Kristyn Vitale, a researcher at the Human-Animal Interaction Lab at Oregon State University, US.
She suggests 4.____________ (separate) the cats into different areas of the house and slowly reintroducing them to one another by using a method that 5.____________ (call) “Scent (气味),Sight,Touch”:Take a toy or blanket from each cat and exchange them.Give each cat the other cat’s scent item along with lots of praise and rewards so they associate the smell with good things.After doing this several times, set up a space in 6.____________ the cats will be able to see one another through a physical barrier, like a screen door 7.____________ a gate.Then feed them, so they start to associate positive feelings with the sight of the other cats.After a few successful feeding 8.____________ (session), you can try to introduce the cats 9.____________ a barrier.You can distract each cat with toys during their first meeting in the same room, so they have less time 10.____________ (worry).“If owners go slow and give lots of rewards, many cats can learn to accept a companion cat,”Vitale says.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。很多猫都喜欢有猫为伴,但如果你的猫没有,它可能会出现恐惧或侵略。本文主要介绍了一种帮助猫建立同伴关系的方法。
1.yours [考查代词。此处的名词性物主代词yours在文中等同于your cat,在句中作主语。]
2.necessarily [考查词性转换。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰动词mean。]
3.flexibility [考查词性转换。根据空前的修饰词 great可知,此处用所给形容词的名词,作谓语动词show的宾语。]
4.separating [考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,此处需用非谓语动词;再根据and后面的reintroducing为动名词可知,此处用所给动词的动名词,作动词suggests的宾语。]
5.is called [考查时态语态和主谓一致。本段的主时态为一般现在时且此处介绍的是一个事实概念,故此处用一般现在时,又因为动词call和主语a method存在动宾关系,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态且主语为a method,故填is called。]
6.which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,从句是由“介词+关系代词”引导的一个限制性定语从句,从句缺少宾语,先行词是space,故此处用关系代词which。]
7.or [考查连词。根据空前“...through a physical barrier, like a screen door...”可知,此处是选择关系,故此处用or。]
8.sessions [考查名词的数。session是可数名词,空前有修饰词a few,故此处用所给名词的复数形式。]
9.without [考查介词。根据空前“...through a physical barrier,”及空后“You can distract each cat with toys during their first meeting in the same room,”可知,“在给猫投食几次过后,可以选择在介绍两只猫成为同伴的时候不使用障碍物”,故此处用介词without。]
10.to worry [考查非谓语动词。have time to do sth意为“有时间做某事”,为固定用法。]
B
(2021·烟台市高考适应性考试)
Sanxingdui Site, dating back to 3,000 to 4,000 years ago, was first discovered in 1929.It is considered one of the most important archaeological sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
Large excavation (发掘) began in 1986, when two pits (坑) —1.____________ (wide) believed for sacrificial (祭祀) ceremonies—were discovered and over 1,000 strange-looking artifacts were dug up, 2.____________ (draw) wide public attention.
3.____________ (get) a better understanding of the unique civilization, archaeologists reconducted an investigation of No.1 and No.2 pits in October 2019.This time, six more pits were discovered with over 500 artifacts excavated, including the 4.____________ (large) gold mask ever found, ivory and silk.Besides, more cong appeared, which is a typical jade artifact variety originating from 5.____________ 5,000-year-old Liangzhu Culture far away in Zhejiang Province.
All the new 6.____________ (discovery) will help to better understand many unexplained finds in 1986.The similar shapes of the finds in the eight pits—7.____________ (break) and burned—further prove the theory that the pits 8.____________ (use) for sacrificial purposes.9.____________ it’s too early to jump to a conclusion.Experts say deeper study is needed to rule out any other possibility.
Studies of Sanxingdui Site will become a key project aimed at more deeply understanding the ancient civilization known as Shu, 10.____________ historical records haven’t yet been found, and explaining the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicate and come together.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文,文章介绍了三星堆遗址的挖掘情况。三星堆遗址最早发现于1929年,距今有3 000到4 000年的历史。它被认为是长江上游最重要的考古遗址之一。
1.widely [考查词性转换。句意:大规模挖掘始于1986年,当时发现了两个被广泛认为是祭祀仪式的坑,并挖掘出1 000多件奇形怪状的文物,引起了公众的广泛关注。句中believed是过去分词,应用副词修饰。]
2.drawing [考查非谓语动词。此处句子主语Large excavation和动词draw之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,作伴随状语。]
3.To get [考查非谓语动词。句意:为了更好地了解这一独特的文明,考古学家于2019年10月对1号和2号坑进行了重新调查。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。]
4.largest [考查比较等级。句意:这一次,又发现了6个坑,发掘了500多件文物,包括迄今为止发现的最大的黄金面具、象牙和丝绸。根据ever found可知,应用形容词最高级。]
5.the [考查冠词。句意:此外,还出现了更多的玉琮,这是一个典型的玉器品种,起源于遥远的浙江省有五千年历史的良渚文化。根据句意可知,此处表示“特指”,应用定冠词。]
6.discoveries [考查名词的数。句意:所有的新发现将有助于更好地理解1986年的许多未解释的发现。根据All可知,此处用名词复数。]
7.broken [考查词性转换。句意:8个坑中出土的物品形状相似,都是被破坏和烧毁的,这进一步证明了坑是用于祭祀目的的理论。此处是形容词作主语补足语,表示“被破坏的”。]
8.were used [考查时态语态和主谓一致。句子主语The similar shapes of the finds是复数形式,和谓语动词use之间是被动关系,这里在描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。]
9.But/Yet [考查连词。句意:但现在下结论还为时过早。专家表示,需要进行更深入的研究来排除其他可能性。该句与上文构成转折关系。]
10.whose [考查代词。句意:三星堆遗址的研究将成为一个重点项目,旨在更深入地了解被称为蜀的古老文明,它的历史记录尚未被发现,并解释中国文明的起源,以及不同的文化如何交流和汇集。此处Shu作先行词,在后面的定语从句中作定语,应用关系代词whose引导。]