人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land 综合测试（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land 综合测试（含解析） |  | |
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Unit 5 Working the Land 综合测试
一、阅读理解
Litter may be an environmental hazard and eyesore — but for some animals, it provides a home. In a study of local rivers, researchers at the University of Nottingham in the UK have found more invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like insects living on litter than on rocks in water.
The researchers studied three local rivers; the River Leen, Black Brook and Saffron Brook, in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire. They collected samples (试样) of 50 rocks and 50 pieces of litter from the riverbeds at each site and took them back to the lab for comparison.
There they washed them individually to look for macroinvertebrates and then measured the surface area of each item. They found that the surfaces of the litter were inhabited (居住) by a more diverse group of invertebrates than those found on rocks.
Plastic, metal, fabric, and masonry samples of litter had the highest diversity of inhabitants, while glass and rock were much less diverse than other types of materials. Flexible plastic, like plastic bags, had the most diverse animal communities, causing the researchers to guess that the plastic might be similar to the structure of plants found in water.
“There were five species on litter. Some of these species are normally found on plants in water, which suggests that flexible plastic might be mistaken as those plants,” says lead author Hazel Wilson, a PhD student in the School of Geography at the University of Nottingham. “However, we need more investigation to work out for sure which characteristics of litter attract so many animals. This could help us discover methods and materials to replace the litter habitat with alternative and less damaging materials when we conduct river cleanups.”
“While these invertebrates have found a use for plastic bags and other trash, that obviously doesn’t mean that’s a good reason to leave litter in the environment. Our findings highlight the poor environmental quality in some rivers and point to the need for supporting better biodiversity,” says Wilson.
1．What did the researchers do for their study
A．They cleaned macroinvertebrates carefully.
B．They threw various types of litter into rivers.
C．They searched the samples for invertebrates.
D．They measured the surfaces of invertebrates.
2．What is a finding of the study
A．Litter is less attractive for invertebrates.
B．Litter can support greater biodiversity.
C．It’s easy for animals to survive in rivers.
D．Flexible materials are ignored by animals.
3．What is Hazel Wilson’s attitude towards leaving litter in rivers
A．Generally disapproving. B．Particularly ambiguous.
C．Basically uncaring. D．Totally positive.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Litter Turns Out Beneficial to the Environment
B．River Animals Need a Cleaner Home to Survive
C．River Cleanups Shouldn’t Include Litter Anymore
D．Litter Creates Habitat for Some Animals in Rivers
Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.
Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate.
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.
It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to discriminate between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.
Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.
“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative（推测的）for now, she says.
5．The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that_______.
A．tobacco plants make louder sounds than tomato plants when hurt
B．water-hungry tomato plants are more sensible than tobacco plants
C．unstressed plants produced sounds of laughter when being watered
D．plants respond to the sounds the plants make and protect themselves
6．What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the finding of the experiment
A．Appreciative B．Doubtful
C．Cautious D．Optimistic
7．It can be learnt from the research that ________.
A．greenhouse effects can be avoided
B．soil condition can be adjusted in time.
C．plant condition can be diagnosed faster.
D．insects can be detected and removed easily.
8．What is the best title for the article
A．Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B．Plants Scream in Presence of Stress
C．Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away
D．Sounds of Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
As the air cools and sunlight decreases each fall, thousands of western monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) return to California to spend winter. One of the best places to watch the colorful scene is Pismo Beach.
From now through February, over 10, 000 will fly to trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove, one of five locations in the state to host so many of the colorful creatures. Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.
The migration peaks in November, when the last of the western monarchs settle into the trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove. Some have flown over 1, 000 miles from as far away as Canada to escape winter's low temperatures. The butterflies gather on tree branches, where they mostly remain sitting, until sunlight bathes the trees and the western monarchs begin to beat their wings. Activity reaches its peak in February.
While this annual sight is wonderful, it pales in comparison to what used to be. Millions of western monarch butterflies used to spend winter in California and Mexico only a few decades ago. Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.
“In monarchs’ overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity. “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.”
Conservation efforts are underway in several states, including California, to help restore populations of monarch and western monarch butterflies. However, it is unknown how successful these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete collapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.
9．What attracts monarchs to Pismo Beach
A．Its natural beauty. B．Its stable weather. C．Its variety of trees. D．Its favorable climate.
10．What directly makes this year’s sight less wonderful than before
A．The worsened environment. B．The extreme climatic conditions.
C．The decreased number of monarchs. D．The threats from butterflies’ enemies.
11．Why are the statements of the Center for Biological Diversity mentioned
A．To draw a conclusion. B．To make a comparison.
C．To make a prediction. D．To draw readers’ attention.
12．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．It's unclear how effective the efforts will be. B．Scientists don’t know what measures to take.
C．The number of the butterflies is sure to go up. D．Measures have been taken to protect the insect.
二、七选五
You are the original teachers of our students,and your attitudes towards education are going to influence your kids. So let' s help each other and do the best for kids with five important steps:
1. Stop making excuses for your kids
Everyone makes mistakes, especially kids.____13____.That is the heart of learning. So, when your kids are late, or they don't finish their homework, avoid covering for them. Let them learn.
2.____14____
If kids had a choice of what to eat they' d probably pick ice cream that is not nutritious. The same is true of doing homework一it' s usually not as much fun as diving into video games. So how do kids manage to turn homework in on time The answer is good parenting.
3. Cut the distractions
Video games are the bane (烦恼之源) of every teacher’s existence. TVs, iPads, and the smartphone--all of these compete against developmental activities; like socialization, outdoor exercise, and reading books.____15____.
4. Model good habits at home
Kids learn from parents first and they learn from parents most. ____16____ . If you never pick up a book, and watch TV at every meal, your kids will do the same.But if you read before bed, and put the screens down,your kids will follow your lead.
5. Work with their teachers, not against them
____17____. We are not in education because we expect to become millionaires; we’re here because we care about kids and our society. Supporting your children is the highest of our priorities (优先处理的事).
A．Help teachers out by cutting them out of your kids' daily activities
B．Make sure they' re doing their work
C．Thus, what you do, your kids will do
D．Be on our side
E．As such, the quality of our days is dependent on your leadership at home
F．It might be uncomfortable for a moment, but those are valuable experiences for your children
G．Education is built on being able to make mistakes and then face the consequences of them
三、完形填空
I got out of the car that rainy Tuesday, already tired, and headed toward my company. It had been a(n) ____18____ morning with my son, Adrian, who has severe ADD (多动症). By the building entrance, something caught my ____19____. A chicken.
A man told me the chicken had been ____20____ around the last few nights. At the end of my ____21____, I saw her in the same spot, cold and ____22____. “Go find your family,” I said. All night I was ____23____ about her. What if a coyote (郊狼) got her
It rained the next morning. No sign of the chicken. I____24____ she had gone home. But then I found her. She was there, getting ____25____ on again. I____26____ her some bread. She refused it and just stood there, _____27_____ up at me. Halfway home that evening, I made a U-turn and went back to my _____28_____. I picked up the chicken and drove home with her in my lap, her beak (喙) on my shoulder the entire _____29_____.
I _____30_____ on Facebook, asking if anyone had _____31_____ a chicken. But no one claimed her. My _____32_____ made herself at home—even laying eggs in my backyard.
The biggest surprise was how Adrian _____33_____ her. His ADD makes him get angry easily. _____34_____ not with the chicken. She _____35_____ him around the house and sits in his lap. The _____36_____ between them has been such a blessing. That rainy Tuesday, I told the chicken to find her _____37_____. Little did I know it would turn out to be us!
18．A．happy B．peaceful C．enthusiastic D．difficult
19．A．eye B．ear C．mouth D．nose
20．A．hanging B．asking C．looking D．turning
21．A．trip B．doubt C．work D．car
22．A．dry B．full C．wet D．content
23．A．curious B．worried C．asking D．talking
24．A．realized B．dreamed C．regretted D．guessed
25．A．dressed B．rained C．changed D．injured
26．A．offered B．lent C．baked D．donated
27．A．standing B．sitting C．pushing D．staring
28．A．home B．company C．market D．hospital
29．A．day B．process C．ride D．morning
30．A．posted B．wrote C．expressed D．announced
31．A．found B．saw C．lost D．bought
32．A．plan B．motivation C．confidence D．rescue
33．A．took out B．took to C．took up D．took down
34．A．Then B．But C．And D．So
35．A．shows B．moves C．follows D．tolerates
36．A．bound B．secret C．dilemma D．action
37．A．zoo B．garden C．backyard D．family
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
____38____ I hated dinner parties, I decided to give another try because I’m in London. I did so ____39____ dinner parties in London were very different from those back in New York. Also, my friend Carla’s invitation encouraged me. There, “I’m having a dinner party” means: “I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant; you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the money, no matter ____40____ you eat.” Worse, in New York someone always leaves ____41____ the bill arrives. They’ll throw down cash—half of ____42____ they owe, and then people like me, ____43____ don’t drink, end up paying even more. But ____44____ I try to use the same trick, the hostess will be angry. And it’s not like I can say I have somewhere to go—everyone knows I have nowhere to go.
But in London, dinner parties are in people’s homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. ____45____ I went to one last time, the guests were from France and Japan. ____46____ I arrived, I felt it was like a gathering at the United Nations. In New York, the mix is less striking. It’s like a gathering at a well-known department store.
For New Yorkers, people like talking about other parts of the world _____47_____ they are free. They are interested in new things.
五、根据首字母填写单词
48．In recent years, complaints against d ________ violence have increased obviously.(根据首字母单词拼写)
49．Climate and weather affect every a___________ of our lives. (根据首字母单词拼写)
50．A survey of the American diet has r__________ that a growing number of people are overweight. （根据首字母补全句子）
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
51．Greater efforts are still needed before we can ____(实现) our goal. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52．Don’t judge anything about the idea until you have understood it ________ (完全地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53．Joanna has finally made it to the first rank of ________(名人) after 25 years as an actress. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
54．Mother asked me to go to the g______(杂货店)store near my home to buy some food. (根据中英文提示填空)
55．The warm air g________ (产生) by a hot shower or bath will help clear blocked noses. (根据中英文提示填空)
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
56．His expression______________________(使我相信)he disagreed with the plan. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
57．Students should involve themselves in______(各种各样的)community activities. (根据中文提示完成句子)
58．Output consists of both exports and sales on the _____________ (国内市场). There is no shortage of causes that need our attention, both ______________(domestic) and globally. (所给词的适当形式填空)
九、句型转换
59．He is considering how to attract more talents to his company. (用不定式作表语改写下面句子)
60．Mathematics is the base for other sciences. It is known to all of us.(改成含有that引导的主语从句的复合句)
十、汉译英（整句）
61．所有的学生都不理解教授所说的意思。(once) (汉译英)
62．她开会缺席的原因是她的车在上班途中坏了。(定语从句) (汉译英)
63．最终他们赢了这场比赛，向所有球迷表明了他们是一支实力强大的球队。（ultimately, demonstrate）(汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
64．尤其，特别 ________
65．（全公司或全国的）劳动力________
66．谋生，度日________
67．达到目标________
68．对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱________
69．喜爱________
70．预期做某事________
71．优于……，比……地位高________
72．对……有偏见________
73．舒适区，放松区________
十二、完成句子
74．他成功的演艺事业使他富有。
His successful acting career _____ _____ _____.
75．我想知道你是否能告诉我你最喜欢他们中的哪一个，以及哪些外国人更可能对他们感兴趣。
I'm wondering if you can let me know ________．(运用复合句， 彰显写作水准)
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。垃圾可能对环境有害，但对某些动物来说，垃圾可能就是它们的家。研究发现，垃圾为水里的一些无脊椎动物提供了生长环境。然而这并不意味着我们应该将垃圾留在河里，这反而启发我们应该为生物多样性的发展创造更好的环境。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“There they washed them individually to look for macroinvertebrates and then measured the surface area of each item.(他们在实验室分别对它们进行清洗，以寻找大型无脊椎动物，然后测量每个物体的表面积。)”可知，研究员们清洗了试样寻找附着在试样上的无脊椎动物。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Plastic, metal, fabric, and masonry samples of litter had the highest diversity of inhabitants, while glass and rock were much less diverse than other types of materials.(塑料、金属、织物和石料的栖息多样性最高，而玻璃和岩石的栖息多样性远远低于其他类型的材料。)”及第五段“However, we need more investigation to work out for sure which characteristics of litter attract so many animals.(然而，我们需要更多的调查来确定到底是哪些特性吸引了这么多的动物。)”可知，研究发现，垃圾创造的生存环境更利于生物多样性的发展。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While these invertebrates have found a use for plastic bags and other trash, that obviously doesn’t mean that’s a good reason to leave litter in the environment.(虽然这些无脊椎动物发现了塑料袋和其他垃圾的用途，但这显然并不意味着这是一个在环境中留下垃圾的好理由。)”可推断，Hazel Wilson 对将垃圾留在河里这件事的态度“总体上是不认可的”。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“Litter may be an environmental hazard and eyesore—but for some animals, it provides a home. In a study of local rivers, researchers at the University of Nottingham in the UK have found more invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like insects living on litter than on rocks in water.(垃圾可能会危害环境，也会碍眼，但对一些动物来说，它提供了一个家。在一项对当地河流的研究中，英国诺丁汉大学的研究人员发现，生活在垃圾上的昆虫等无脊椎动物比生活在水中的岩石上的要多。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个研究发现——垃圾为水里的一些无脊椎动物提供了生长环境。这一发现启发我们应该为生物多样性的发展创造更好的环境。故D项“垃圾为河流中的一些动物创造了栖息地”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，一项研究表明，植物在压力下会发出超声波叫声，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。
5．细节理解题。由第四段中的“On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11.”（平均来说，干旱压力下的番茄植株每小时发出35个声音，而烟草植株每小时发出11个声音。），可知缺水番茄比烟草更敏感，干旱条件下，番茄植株发声多。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation”（干旱压力下植物发出的声音可以用于精准农业的建议，如果在田间条件下设置录音成本不太高的话，这一建议似乎是可行的。）和最后一段中的“She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative（推测的）for now, she says.”（她警告说，研究结果还不能扩大到其他压力，如盐或温度，因为这些可能不会导致声音。此外，她还说，目前还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到并对植物发出的声音做出反应，所以这个想法目前仍然是推测性的。），可推断出Anne Visscher对实验的发现抱有谨慎的态度。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。由第一段中的“But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.”（但现在，有人首次记录到它们在压力下会发出超声波叫声，研究人员说，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。）和第五段中的“The researchers trained a machine-learning model to discriminate between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency.”（研究人员训练了一个机器学习模型来区分植物的声音和温室里的风、雨和其他噪音，根据声音的强度和频率，在大多数情况下正确地识别出压力是由干燥还是割伤引起的。），可推断出此研究可以帮助人们更快地诊断出植物状况。故选C项。
8．主旨大意题。由第一段中的“But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.”（但现在，有人首次记录到它们在压力下会发出超声波叫声，研究人员说，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。）和第二段“Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.”（以色列特拉维夫大学的伊扎克 哈伊特和他的同事们发现，番茄和烟草植物在缺水或茎被割下时发出的叫声频率是人类听不到的。），可知文章讲的是植物会在压力下发出人类听不到的超声波叫声，所以B选项“植物在压力下尖叫”，为短文最佳标题。故选B项。
9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。每年秋天，随着空气变冷, 阳光逐渐减弱, 成千上万的西部帝王蝶会返回加州过冬。Pismo Beach是观赏这一奇观的最佳地点之一。帝王蝶的数量在急剧减少，目前还不清楚这些保护措施的效果如何。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.(就像游客一样，帝王蝶喜欢海滨国家公园阳光明媚、温暖的环境)”可知，适宜的温度吸引帝王蝶前往Pismo Beach。故选D项。
10．根据第四段“Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.(一项研究显示，自上世纪80年代以来，气候变化、自然栖息地的丧失和有害化学物质只是导致大帝王蝶数量减少99%以上的环境威胁中的一小部分。)”可知，气候变化、栖息地的丧失以及有害化学物质导致帝王蝶的数量急剧下降，使得这里的景象不如以前壮观。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。第4段指出帝王蝶数量减少。再根据第五段“In monarchs’ overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity. “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.(“在帝王蝶的越冬树上，曾经有很多蝴蝶，以至于它们翅膀的声音被描述为夏雨，”生物多样性中心说。早期的报纸描述说，树枝都被这么多蝴蝶压垮了。)”由此可知，为什么会提到生物多样性中心的声明是为了作比较。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“However, it is unknown how successful these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete collapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.(然而，目前还不清楚这些尝试能取得多大的成功。科学家们担心，在过去的几年里，这种物种的数量急剧下降，可能会彻底灭绝。)”可知，最后一段主要是关于目前还不清楚这些努力的效果如何。故选A项。
13．G 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．D
【分析】本文说明文。父母是孩子的启蒙老师，父母的态度会影响孩子，文章提出了五个关于怎样为孩子做到最好的建议。
【详解】1.根据上句“Everyone makes mistakes, especially kids.”（每个人都会犯错，特别是孩子。）空格处可能继续谈论犯错在生活中是在所难免。G.Education is built on being able to make mistakes and then face the consequences of them（教育是建立在错误之上，要面对这个后果。）由此可知G.符合语境。故选G。
2.根据空格的位置可判断，此处是小标题。根据后文“So how do kids manage to turn homework in on time ”（孩子怎样按时上交作业？）B. Make sure they' re doing their work(确保孩子们在做他们的作业）由此可知B.符合语境。故选B。
3.根据前面在讲游戏，手机，电视等都妨碍了孩子们的发展，因此要减少这些电子产品的干扰。A .Help teachers out by cutting them out of your kids' daily activities（帮助老师将电子产品从孩子的日常活动排除掉。）由此可知，A符合语境。故选A。
4.根据上句“Kids learn from parents first and they learn from parents most. ”（孩子们常常从父母那里学。）因此我们父母要注意自己的言行。C .Thus, what you do, your kids will do（因此，你做什么，孩子将会做什么。）由此可知，C符合语境。故选C。
5.根据小标题“Work with their teachers, not against them”（要和老师一起努力而不是和他们不一致。）D.Be on our side（站在我们这一边）由此可知，D符合语境。故选D。
18．D 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．B 36．C 37．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在一个下雨的周二，偶然在一栋楼旁边发现了一只鸡并且最终决定把这只鸡带回家，后来随着这只鸡和儿子的相处，作者儿子的多动症也变得好转起来了。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和我患有严重多动症的儿子Adrian在一起，这是一个艰难的早晨。A. happy快乐的；B. peaceful安静的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. difficult困难的。由上文“already tired”（感到疲劳）以及下文“who has severe ADD (多动症)”（儿子患多动症），故可推断和多动症儿子在一起的早晨很艰难，所以作者感到疲劳。故选D项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大楼入口处，有个东西吸引了我的目光。一只鸡。A. eye眼睛；B. ear耳朵；C. mouth嘴巴；D. nose鼻子。由句意可知，caught one’s eye“吸引某人的注意”为固定短语，引出下文把鸡带回家的故事。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个男人告诉我，这只鸡最近几个晚上一直在附近徘徊。A. hanging悬挂，逗留；B. asking问；C. looking看；D. turning转向，改变。由下文“I saw her in the same spot”（鸡仍在这个地方），可知这只鸡一直在附近徘徊。hang around“徘徊”。故选A项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我工作结束的时候，我看到她在同一个地方，又冷又湿。A. trip旅行；B. doubt怀疑；C. work工作；D. car汽车。由上文作者“headed toward my company”（去上班），以及后来又在同一地方看到这只鸡，故可知此时作者应该是下班结束工作了。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我工作结束的时候，我看到她在同一个地方，又冷又湿。A. dry干的；B. full慢的；C. wet湿的；D. content内容，目录。由前面“rainy Tuesday”提到的下雨，故可知此时这只鸡是又冷又湿。故选C项。
23．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：我整晚都在担心她。A. curious好奇的；B. worried担心的；C. asking询问；D. talking谈论。根据下文“What if a coyote (郊狼) got her ”（她是否被野狼抓走），可知，作者整晚都在担心她。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜她已经回家了。A. realized意识到；B. dreamed梦想；C. regretted后悔；D. guessed猜测。由上文“No sign of the chicken.”（没有鸡的迹象），可判断作者猜她已经回家了。故选D项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在那里，又被雨淋湿了。A. dressed打扮；B. rained雨淋、下雨；C. changed改变；D. injured受伤。由上文“It rained the next morning”以及后面的“again”可知，她又被雨淋湿了。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了她一些面包。A. offered提供；B. lent借出；C. baked烤；D. donated捐赠。由句意以及前面语境可知，作者此时提供了她一些面包。故选A项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，只是站在那里，抬头盯着我。A. standing站立；B. sitting坐；C. pushing推；D. staring盯着。由上文“refused it and just stood there”语境以及句意可知，她只是站在那里，抬头盯着我。故选D项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，在回家的半路上，我掉头回到公司。A. home家；B. company公司；C. market市场；D. hospital医院。由前文说到的鸡出现在作者公司大楼旁，可知作者掉头回到公司。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上把鸡放在我的腿上，它的嘴衔在我的肩膀上。A. day天；B. process过程；C. ride路程；D. morning早晨。由作者开车带她回家以及语境“放在我的腿上”和“嘴衔在我的肩膀上”，可知一路上都是保持着这种姿势。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在Facebook上发帖，问是否有人丢了一只鸡。A. posted发布；B. wrote写；C. expressed表达；D. announced宣布。由句意以及post on “在……上面发帖”为固定搭配。故选A项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在Facebook上发帖，问是否有人丢了一只鸡。A. found发现；B. saw看到；C. lost丢失；D. bought买。由下文“But no one claimed her.”可知，作者发帖询问是否有人丢了一只鸡。故选C项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的救援让她感觉在家一样，甚至在我家后院下蛋。A. plan计划；B. motivation动机；C. confidence自信；D. rescue拯救。由作者把鸡带回家，以及后文让她感觉在家一样，可知是作者的救援使她感觉像在家一样。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最大的惊喜是Adrian对她的好感。A. took out 拿出来；B. took to喜欢，习惯于；C. took up占据；D. took down 开始做，着手做。由下文“sits in his lap”可知，鸡坐在Adrian的腿上，可见二者关系好，take to“喜欢，习惯于”为固定短语。此处为Adrian对这只鸡的喜爱。故选B项。
34．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但对于这只鸡不是。A. Then然后；B. But但是；C. And和，然后；D. So所以。由上文“His ADD makes him get angry easily.”（多动症使他很容易生气），以及他对鸡的喜爱，可知此处为对于这只鸡他并没有生气，和下文形成转折。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她带着他在屋子里转来转去，坐在他的腿上。A. shows展示；B. moves跑，移动；C. follows遵循；D. tolerates忍受。由句意以及语境“转来转去”可知，此处为鸡带着他在屋子里转来转去。故选B项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们之间的两难处境是一种福气。A. bound边界；B. secret秘密；C. dilemma两难处境，困境；D. action行动。由鸡的丢失以及作者儿子的多动症可知，此时他们之间的两难处境是一种福气。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个下雨的星期二，我告诉小鸡去找她的家人。A. zoo动物园；B. garden花园；C. backyard后花园；D. family家人。由文章第二段中“Go find your family”（找你的家人），和此处的family“家人”与此相呼应。故选D项。
38．While##Although 39．because 40．what 41．before 42．what 43．who 44．if 45．When 46．When 47．when##whenever
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在伦敦参加晚宴的经历，以及对于伦敦晚宴情况进行了简要介绍。
38．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我讨厌晚宴，但我决定再试一次，因为我在伦敦。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导状语从句。结合句意，从句与主句表达的意思相反，此处表示“虽然，尽管”之意，由连词while或although引导。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填While或Although。
39．考查原因状语从句。句意：我这样做是因为伦敦的晚宴与纽约的晚宴非常不同。根据空前“I did so”可知，设空处解释原因，应由连词引导原因状语从句。故填because。
40．考查让步状语从句。句意：在那里，“我正在举行晚宴”的意思是：“我在一家餐馆预定了一张12人的桌子”；你买不起，无论你吃什么，我们都会分享这笔钱。根据空前no matter“无论”可知，设空处应用连词引导让步状语从句。且从句谓语eat后缺少宾语，应由连词what引导。no matter what表示“无论什么”，故填what。
41．考查时间状语从句。句意：更糟糕的是，在纽约，总有人在账单到达之前就离开了。根据句中副词Worse可知，人们离开应该是在账单到达之前。设空处应由连词“before”引导时间状语从句。故填before。
42．考查宾语从句。句意：他们会扔下现金——他们欠的钱的一半，然后像我这样不喝酒的人，最终会付得更多。根据空前介词of可知，设空处应用连词引导宾语从句。从句谓语动词owe后缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
43．考查定语从句。句意：他们会扔下现金——他们欠的钱的一半，然后像我这样不喝酒的人，最终会付得更多。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导非限定性定语从句。从句中缺少主语，先行词people指人，应由关系代词who引导。故填who。
44．考查条件状语从句。句意：但是，如果我使用相同的伎俩，主人会生气的。根据句中表示转折关系的词But及下文“use the same trick”可知，空格处应用连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”之意，应用连词if。故填if。
45．考查时间状语从句。句意：当我最后一次去的时候，客人来自法国和日本。分析句子结构，设空处应由连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词when。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。
46．考查时间状语从句。句意：当我到达时，我觉得这就像在联合国聚会。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导时间状语从句，意为“当…….时”，应用连词when。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。
47．考查时间状语从句。句意：对于纽约人来说，人们喜欢在空闲时候谈论世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导时间状语从句。此处表示纽约人在有空的时候谈论世界其他地方，应用连词when引导。亦可表示“无论什么时候”，可用whenever引导。故填when或whenever。
48．domestic##omestic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：近年来，关于家庭暴力的投诉明显增多。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词domestic，作定语，修饰名词violence，名词短语domestic violence“家庭暴力”。故填domestic。
49．aspect##spect
【详解】考查名词。句意：气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用名词作宾语。结合句意及首字母提示，aspect是名词，意为“方面”，由于空前有every修饰，此处应用名词单数形式。故填aspect。
50．revealed
【详解】考查时态。句意：一个对美国人饮食的调查显示，越来越多的人超重。 reveal表示“显示”，空前有has，所以这里构成现在完成时，动词需要用过去分词形式。故填revealed。
51．attain##achieve
【详解】考查动词。句意：在实现我们的目标之前，仍需做出更大的努力。根据汉语提示“实现”和空后的our goal可知，这里应用及物动词attain或achieve。再结合空前的情态动词can可知，空处应用动词原形。故填attain或achieve。
52．entirely
【详解】考查副词。句意：在你完全理解这个想法之前，不要对它做任何评价。根据汉语提示可知应填副词entirely，作状语。故填entirely。
53．celebrity
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔安娜当了25年女演员，终于跻身名人之列。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词celebrity“名人”，满足句意要求。故填celebrity。
54．grocery##rocery
【详解】考查名词。句意：母亲让我去我家附近的杂货店买一些食物。根据首字母以及汉语提示“杂货店”，以及句子结构可知此处构成名词短语grocery store杂货店。故填grocery。
55．generated##enerated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：热水澡或浴缸产生的热空气有助于清除堵塞的鼻子。动词generate意为“产生”，分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是will help clear，generate与逻辑主语air 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式generated作后置定语，修饰名词air 。故填generated。
56．convinced me that
【详解】考查动词及其时态。句意：他的表情使我相信他不同意这个计划。固定搭配convince sb. that ...意为“使某人相信……”符合句意和句子结构。句子分析可知convince是谓语动词，从后文的宾语从句“he disagreed with the plan”可知此句为一般过去时，从句句意完整，成分齐全，所以填convinced me that，that引导宾语从句，在从句中只起引导作用，不做句子成分，无词汇意义。故填convinced me that。
57．varieties of/a variety of
【详解】考查短语。句意：学生应该参加各种各样的社区活动。varieties of/a variety of许多的；各种各样的。故填varieties of/a variety of。
58． domestic market domestically
【详解】考查名词、形容词和副词。句意：产量包括出口和国内市场的销售。无论在国内还是在全球，都不乏需要我们关注的事业。第一空表示“国内市场”应填domestic market，domestic是形容词作定语修饰名词market；第二空和globally并列，需填副词domestically作状语。故填①domestic market；②domestically。
59．What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company.
【详解】考查不定式和名词性从句。句意：他正在考虑如何吸引更多的人才来他的公司。“特殊疑问词+不定式”可以在句中作表语，此句可转换为：他正在考虑的是如何吸引更多的人才来他的公司。句子为主系表结构，“他正在考虑的”在句中作主语，用名词性从句what he is considering表达，what在从句中作宾语；how to attract more talents to his company在句中作表语；根据句意可知，谓语动词用be动词，为一般现在时，what he is considering作主语，表语为how+不定式，谓语动词be用第三人称单数，因此，此句可改写为：What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company. 故答案是What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company.
60．That mathematics is the base for other sciences is known to all of us.
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：修建新办公室的计划应立即实施。这是我的主意。根据句意及题目要求可知，Mathematics is the base for other sciences.可以改为that引导的主语从句。故答案为That mathematics is the base for other sciences is known to all of us.
61．None of the students could understand what the professor had once said.
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句，主句中表示“理解”应用动词understand；“所有的学生都不理解……”即“没有学生理解……”，根据句意主句谓语动词应该用一般过去时，翻译为“None of the students could understand”；连接词在宾语从句中作said的宾语，表示“说的意思”，应该用what引导宾语从句，从句动作“说”在主句动作之前，从句应该用过去完成时had said，副词once在助动词had 后表示“曾经”。故翻译为None of the students could understand what the professor had once said。
62．The reason why she was absent from meeting was that her car broke down on the way to work.
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。结合语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“原因”应用the reason；表示“她开会缺席的”应用定语从句，why she was absent from meeting，先行词reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导；表示“是”应用be动词，此处使用第三人称单数形式was；表示“她的车在上班途中坏了”应用表语从句，that her car broke down on the way to work，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故翻译成：The reason why she was absent from meeting was that her car broke down on the way to work.
63．Ultimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.
【详解】考查副词、时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据提示词可知本句用副词Ultimately(最终)位于句首作状语；语境表明“赢得比赛”发生在过去，用一般过去时；“向所有球迷证明了……”是“赢得比赛”的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果；“他们是一支强大的球队”为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义；从句的内容为客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Ultimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.
64．not least 65．labour force 66．earn/make a living/earn/make one’s living 67．attain one’s objective/goal 68．have a passion for 69．be fond of 70．anticipate doing sth. 71．be superior to 72．have (a) prejudice against 73．comfort zone
【解析】64．“尤其、特别”在英文中可翻译为短语not least。故答案为not least。
65．“（全公司或全国的）劳动力”在英文中可翻译为labour force。故答案为labour force。
66．“谋生、度日”在英文中可用固定短语earn/make a living或earn/make one’s living。故答案为earn/make a living或earn/make one’s living。
67．“达到目标”在英文中可用短语attain one’s objective/goal。故答案为attain one’s objective/goal。
68．“对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱”在英文中可用短语have a passion for。故答案为have a passion for。
69．“喜爱”在英文中可用短语be fond of。故答案为be fond of。
70．“预期做某事”在英文中可用短语anticipate doing sth.。故答案为anticipate doing sth.。
71．“优于……，比……地位高”在英文中可用短语be superior to。故答案为be superior to。
72．“对……有偏见”在英文中可用短语have (a) prejudice against，故答案为have (a) prejudice against。
73．“舒适区，放松区”在英文中可用短语comfort zone。故答案为comfort zone。
74． makes him wealthy
【详解】考查动词make用法。空处表示“使他富有”，可使用“make+宾语+宾语补足语”表达，宾语使用宾格him，宾语补足语使用形容词wealthy，此处是讲述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语是His successful acting career，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数，故填makes him wealthy。
75．which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in
【详解】考查宾语从句。“他们中的哪一个”翻译为which of them；“最喜欢……”翻译为like sth. bset；“哪些外国人”翻译为which of them from outside of China；“更可能”翻译为be more likely；“对……感兴趣”翻译为be interested in；根据空前动词know以及所给要求，可知，此句可用and连接两个which引导的宾语从句，第一个为“你最喜欢他们中的哪一个”，which of them you like best；第二个为hich of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in。故翻译为：which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in。
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
一、阅读理解
Litter may be an environmental hazard and eyesore — but for some animals, it provides a home. In a study of local rivers, researchers at the University of Nottingham in the UK have found more invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like insects living on litter than on rocks in water.
The researchers studied three local rivers; the River Leen, Black Brook and Saffron Brook, in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire. They collected samples (试样) of 50 rocks and 50 pieces of litter from the riverbeds at each site and took them back to the lab for comparison.
There they washed them individually to look for macroinvertebrates and then measured the surface area of each item. They found that the surfaces of the litter were inhabited (居住) by a more diverse group of invertebrates than those found on rocks.
Plastic, metal, fabric, and masonry samples of litter had the highest diversity of inhabitants, while glass and rock were much less diverse than other types of materials. Flexible plastic, like plastic bags, had the most diverse animal communities, causing the researchers to guess that the plastic might be similar to the structure of plants found in water.
“There were five species on litter. Some of these species are normally found on plants in water, which suggests that flexible plastic might be mistaken as those plants,” says lead author Hazel Wilson, a PhD student in the School of Geography at the University of Nottingham. “However, we need more investigation to work out for sure which characteristics of litter attract so many animals. This could help us discover methods and materials to replace the litter habitat with alternative and less damaging materials when we conduct river cleanups.”
“While these invertebrates have found a use for plastic bags and other trash, that obviously doesn’t mean that’s a good reason to leave litter in the environment. Our findings highlight the poor environmental quality in some rivers and point to the need for supporting better biodiversity,” says Wilson.
1．What did the researchers do for their study
A．They cleaned macroinvertebrates carefully.
B．They threw various types of litter into rivers.
C．They searched the samples for invertebrates.
D．They measured the surfaces of invertebrates.
2．What is a finding of the study
A．Litter is less attractive for invertebrates.
B．Litter can support greater biodiversity.
C．It’s easy for animals to survive in rivers.
D．Flexible materials are ignored by animals.
3．What is Hazel Wilson’s attitude towards leaving litter in rivers
A．Generally disapproving. B．Particularly ambiguous.
C．Basically uncaring. D．Totally positive.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Litter Turns Out Beneficial to the Environment
B．River Animals Need a Cleaner Home to Survive
C．River Cleanups Shouldn’t Include Litter Anymore
D．Litter Creates Habitat for Some Animals in Rivers
Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.
Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.
Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate.
On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.
It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to discriminate between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.
Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.
“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.
She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative（推测的）for now, she says.
5．The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that_______.
A．tobacco plants make louder sounds than tomato plants when hurt
B．water-hungry tomato plants are more sensible than tobacco plants
C．unstressed plants produced sounds of laughter when being watered
D．plants respond to the sounds the plants make and protect themselves
6．What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the finding of the experiment
A．Appreciative B．Doubtful
C．Cautious D．Optimistic
7．It can be learnt from the research that ________.
A．greenhouse effects can be avoided
B．soil condition can be adjusted in time.
C．plant condition can be diagnosed faster.
D．insects can be detected and removed easily.
8．What is the best title for the article
A．Plants Get Stressed Just Like Us
B．Plants Scream in Presence of Stress
C．Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away
D．Sounds of Plants Break Farmers’ Hearts
As the air cools and sunlight decreases each fall, thousands of western monarch butterflies (帝王蝶) return to California to spend winter. One of the best places to watch the colorful scene is Pismo Beach.
From now through February, over 10, 000 will fly to trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove, one of five locations in the state to host so many of the colorful creatures. Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.
The migration peaks in November, when the last of the western monarchs settle into the trees at Pismo Beach Monarch Butterfly Grove. Some have flown over 1, 000 miles from as far away as Canada to escape winter's low temperatures. The butterflies gather on tree branches, where they mostly remain sitting, until sunlight bathes the trees and the western monarchs begin to beat their wings. Activity reaches its peak in February.
While this annual sight is wonderful, it pales in comparison to what used to be. Millions of western monarch butterflies used to spend winter in California and Mexico only a few decades ago. Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.
“In monarchs’ overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity. “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.”
Conservation efforts are underway in several states, including California, to help restore populations of monarch and western monarch butterflies. However, it is unknown how successful these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete collapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.
9．What attracts monarchs to Pismo Beach
A．Its natural beauty. B．Its stable weather. C．Its variety of trees. D．Its favorable climate.
10．What directly makes this year’s sight less wonderful than before
A．The worsened environment. B．The extreme climatic conditions.
C．The decreased number of monarchs. D．The threats from butterflies’ enemies.
11．Why are the statements of the Center for Biological Diversity mentioned
A．To draw a conclusion. B．To make a comparison.
C．To make a prediction. D．To draw readers’ attention.
12．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．It's unclear how effective the efforts will be. B．Scientists don’t know what measures to take.
C．The number of the butterflies is sure to go up. D．Measures have been taken to protect the insect.
二、七选五
You are the original teachers of our students,and your attitudes towards education are going to influence your kids. So let' s help each other and do the best for kids with five important steps:
1. Stop making excuses for your kids
Everyone makes mistakes, especially kids.____13____.That is the heart of learning. So, when your kids are late, or they don't finish their homework, avoid covering for them. Let them learn.
2.____14____
If kids had a choice of what to eat they' d probably pick ice cream that is not nutritious. The same is true of doing homework一it' s usually not as much fun as diving into video games. So how do kids manage to turn homework in on time The answer is good parenting.
3. Cut the distractions
Video games are the bane (烦恼之源) of every teacher’s existence. TVs, iPads, and the smartphone--all of these compete against developmental activities; like socialization, outdoor exercise, and reading books.____15____.
4. Model good habits at home
Kids learn from parents first and they learn from parents most. ____16____ . If you never pick up a book, and watch TV at every meal, your kids will do the same.But if you read before bed, and put the screens down,your kids will follow your lead.
5. Work with their teachers, not against them
____17____. We are not in education because we expect to become millionaires; we’re here because we care about kids and our society. Supporting your children is the highest of our priorities (优先处理的事).
A．Help teachers out by cutting them out of your kids' daily activities
B．Make sure they' re doing their work
C．Thus, what you do, your kids will do
D．Be on our side
E．As such, the quality of our days is dependent on your leadership at home
F．It might be uncomfortable for a moment, but those are valuable experiences for your children
G．Education is built on being able to make mistakes and then face the consequences of them
三、完形填空
I got out of the car that rainy Tuesday, already tired, and headed toward my company. It had been a(n) ____18____ morning with my son, Adrian, who has severe ADD (多动症). By the building entrance, something caught my ____19____. A chicken.
A man told me the chicken had been ____20____ around the last few nights. At the end of my ____21____, I saw her in the same spot, cold and ____22____. “Go find your family,” I said. All night I was ____23____ about her. What if a coyote (郊狼) got her
It rained the next morning. No sign of the chicken. I____24____ she had gone home. But then I found her. She was there, getting ____25____ on again. I____26____ her some bread. She refused it and just stood there, _____27_____ up at me. Halfway home that evening, I made a U-turn and went back to my _____28_____. I picked up the chicken and drove home with her in my lap, her beak (喙) on my shoulder the entire _____29_____.
I _____30_____ on Facebook, asking if anyone had _____31_____ a chicken. But no one claimed her. My _____32_____ made herself at home—even laying eggs in my backyard.
The biggest surprise was how Adrian _____33_____ her. His ADD makes him get angry easily. _____34_____ not with the chicken. She _____35_____ him around the house and sits in his lap. The _____36_____ between them has been such a blessing. That rainy Tuesday, I told the chicken to find her _____37_____. Little did I know it would turn out to be us!
18．A．happy B．peaceful C．enthusiastic D．difficult
19．A．eye B．ear C．mouth D．nose
20．A．hanging B．asking C．looking D．turning
21．A．trip B．doubt C．work D．car
22．A．dry B．full C．wet D．content
23．A．curious B．worried C．asking D．talking
24．A．realized B．dreamed C．regretted D．guessed
25．A．dressed B．rained C．changed D．injured
26．A．offered B．lent C．baked D．donated
27．A．standing B．sitting C．pushing D．staring
28．A．home B．company C．market D．hospital
29．A．day B．process C．ride D．morning
30．A．posted B．wrote C．expressed D．announced
31．A．found B．saw C．lost D．bought
32．A．plan B．motivation C．confidence D．rescue
33．A．took out B．took to C．took up D．took down
34．A．Then B．But C．And D．So
35．A．shows B．moves C．follows D．tolerates
36．A．bound B．secret C．dilemma D．action
37．A．zoo B．garden C．backyard D．family
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
____38____ I hated dinner parties, I decided to give another try because I’m in London. I did so ____39____ dinner parties in London were very different from those back in New York. Also, my friend Carla’s invitation encouraged me. There, “I’m having a dinner party” means: “I’m booking a table for 12 at a restaurant; you can’t afford and we’ll be sharing the money, no matter ____40____ you eat.” Worse, in New York someone always leaves ____41____ the bill arrives. They’ll throw down cash—half of ____42____ they owe, and then people like me, ____43____ don’t drink, end up paying even more. But ____44____ I try to use the same trick, the hostess will be angry. And it’s not like I can say I have somewhere to go—everyone knows I have nowhere to go.
But in London, dinner parties are in people’s homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. ____45____ I went to one last time, the guests were from France and Japan. ____46____ I arrived, I felt it was like a gathering at the United Nations. In New York, the mix is less striking. It’s like a gathering at a well-known department store.
For New Yorkers, people like talking about other parts of the world _____47_____ they are free. They are interested in new things.
五、根据首字母填写单词
48．In recent years, complaints against d ________ violence have increased obviously.(根据首字母单词拼写)
49．Climate and weather affect every a___________ of our lives. (根据首字母单词拼写)
50．A survey of the American diet has r__________ that a growing number of people are overweight. （根据首字母补全句子）
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
51．Greater efforts are still needed before we can ____(实现) our goal. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52．Don’t judge anything about the idea until you have understood it ________ (完全地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53．Joanna has finally made it to the first rank of ________(名人) after 25 years as an actress. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
七、根据中英文提示填写单词
54．Mother asked me to go to the g______(杂货店)store near my home to buy some food. (根据中英文提示填空)
55．The warm air g________ (产生) by a hot shower or bath will help clear blocked noses. (根据中英文提示填空)
八、根据所给汉语提示填空
56．His expression______________________(使我相信)he disagreed with the plan. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
57．Students should involve themselves in______(各种各样的)community activities. (根据中文提示完成句子)
58．Output consists of both exports and sales on the _____________ (国内市场). There is no shortage of causes that need our attention, both ______________(domestic) and globally. (所给词的适当形式填空)
九、句型转换
59．He is considering how to attract more talents to his company. (用不定式作表语改写下面句子)
60．Mathematics is the base for other sciences. It is known to all of us.(改成含有that引导的主语从句的复合句)
十、汉译英（整句）
61．所有的学生都不理解教授所说的意思。(once) (汉译英)
62．她开会缺席的原因是她的车在上班途中坏了。(定语从句) (汉译英)
63．最终他们赢了这场比赛，向所有球迷表明了他们是一支实力强大的球队。（ultimately, demonstrate）(汉译英）
十一、汉译英（单词/短语）
汉译英
64．尤其，特别 ________
65．（全公司或全国的）劳动力________
66．谋生，度日________
67．达到目标________
68．对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱________
69．喜爱________
70．预期做某事________
71．优于……，比……地位高________
72．对……有偏见________
73．舒适区，放松区________
十二、完成句子
74．他成功的演艺事业使他富有。
His successful acting career _____ _____ _____.
75．我想知道你是否能告诉我你最喜欢他们中的哪一个，以及哪些外国人更可能对他们感兴趣。
I'm wondering if you can let me know ________．(运用复合句， 彰显写作水准)
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。垃圾可能对环境有害，但对某些动物来说，垃圾可能就是它们的家。研究发现，垃圾为水里的一些无脊椎动物提供了生长环境。然而这并不意味着我们应该将垃圾留在河里，这反而启发我们应该为生物多样性的发展创造更好的环境。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“There they washed them individually to look for macroinvertebrates and then measured the surface area of each item.(他们在实验室分别对它们进行清洗，以寻找大型无脊椎动物，然后测量每个物体的表面积。)”可知，研究员们清洗了试样寻找附着在试样上的无脊椎动物。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Plastic, metal, fabric, and masonry samples of litter had the highest diversity of inhabitants, while glass and rock were much less diverse than other types of materials.(塑料、金属、织物和石料的栖息多样性最高，而玻璃和岩石的栖息多样性远远低于其他类型的材料。)”及第五段“However, we need more investigation to work out for sure which characteristics of litter attract so many animals.(然而，我们需要更多的调查来确定到底是哪些特性吸引了这么多的动物。)”可知，研究发现，垃圾创造的生存环境更利于生物多样性的发展。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While these invertebrates have found a use for plastic bags and other trash, that obviously doesn’t mean that’s a good reason to leave litter in the environment.(虽然这些无脊椎动物发现了塑料袋和其他垃圾的用途，但这显然并不意味着这是一个在环境中留下垃圾的好理由。)”可推断，Hazel Wilson 对将垃圾留在河里这件事的态度“总体上是不认可的”。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“Litter may be an environmental hazard and eyesore—but for some animals, it provides a home. In a study of local rivers, researchers at the University of Nottingham in the UK have found more invertebrates (无脊椎动物) like insects living on litter than on rocks in water.(垃圾可能会危害环境，也会碍眼，但对一些动物来说，它提供了一个家。在一项对当地河流的研究中，英国诺丁汉大学的研究人员发现，生活在垃圾上的昆虫等无脊椎动物比生活在水中的岩石上的要多。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个研究发现——垃圾为水里的一些无脊椎动物提供了生长环境。这一发现启发我们应该为生物多样性的发展创造更好的环境。故D项“垃圾为河流中的一些动物创造了栖息地”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，一项研究表明，植物在压力下会发出超声波叫声，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。
5．细节理解题。由第四段中的“On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11.”（平均来说，干旱压力下的番茄植株每小时发出35个声音，而烟草植株每小时发出11个声音。），可知缺水番茄比烟草更敏感，干旱条件下，番茄植株发声多。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation”（干旱压力下植物发出的声音可以用于精准农业的建议，如果在田间条件下设置录音成本不太高的话，这一建议似乎是可行的。）和最后一段中的“She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative（推测的）for now, she says.”（她警告说，研究结果还不能扩大到其他压力，如盐或温度，因为这些可能不会导致声音。此外，她还说，目前还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到并对植物发出的声音做出反应，所以这个想法目前仍然是推测性的。），可推断出Anne Visscher对实验的发现抱有谨慎的态度。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。由第一段中的“But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.”（但现在，有人首次记录到它们在压力下会发出超声波叫声，研究人员说，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。）和第五段中的“The researchers trained a machine-learning model to discriminate between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency.”（研究人员训练了一个机器学习模型来区分植物的声音和温室里的风、雨和其他噪音，根据声音的强度和频率，在大多数情况下正确地识别出压力是由干燥还是割伤引起的。），可推断出此研究可以帮助人们更快地诊断出植物状况。故选C项。
8．主旨大意题。由第一段中的“But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.”（但现在，有人首次记录到它们在压力下会发出超声波叫声，研究人员说，这可能会开辟一个精确农业的新领域，让农民们倾听缺水作物的声音。）和第二段“Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.”（以色列特拉维夫大学的伊扎克 哈伊特和他的同事们发现，番茄和烟草植物在缺水或茎被割下时发出的叫声频率是人类听不到的。），可知文章讲的是植物会在压力下发出人类听不到的超声波叫声，所以B选项“植物在压力下尖叫”，为短文最佳标题。故选B项。
9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。每年秋天，随着空气变冷, 阳光逐渐减弱, 成千上万的西部帝王蝶会返回加州过冬。Pismo Beach是观赏这一奇观的最佳地点之一。帝王蝶的数量在急剧减少，目前还不清楚这些保护措施的效果如何。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just like tourists, the western monarchs prefer the sunny and warm conditions of the beachside state park.(就像游客一样，帝王蝶喜欢海滨国家公园阳光明媚、温暖的环境)”可知，适宜的温度吸引帝王蝶前往Pismo Beach。故选D项。
10．根据第四段“Climate change, loss of natural habitat and harmful chemicals are just a few of the environmental threats that have caused a more than 99% decrease in populations since the 1980s, according to a research.(一项研究显示，自上世纪80年代以来，气候变化、自然栖息地的丧失和有害化学物质只是导致大帝王蝶数量减少99%以上的环境威胁中的一小部分。)”可知，气候变化、栖息地的丧失以及有害化学物质导致帝王蝶的数量急剧下降，使得这里的景象不如以前壮观。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。第4段指出帝王蝶数量减少。再根据第五段“In monarchs’ overwintering trees, there were once so many butterflies that the sound of their wings was described as a summer rain,” states the Center for Biological Diversity. “Early newspaper descriptions described branches breaking under the weight of so many butterflies.(“在帝王蝶的越冬树上，曾经有很多蝴蝶，以至于它们翅膀的声音被描述为夏雨，”生物多样性中心说。早期的报纸描述说，树枝都被这么多蝴蝶压垮了。)”由此可知，为什么会提到生物多样性中心的声明是为了作比较。故选B项。
12．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“However, it is unknown how successful these attempts will be. Scientists are concerned about the possibility of a complete collapse of the species since numbers have dropped so dramatically in the last few years.(然而，目前还不清楚这些尝试能取得多大的成功。科学家们担心，在过去的几年里，这种物种的数量急剧下降，可能会彻底灭绝。)”可知，最后一段主要是关于目前还不清楚这些努力的效果如何。故选A项。
13．G 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．D
【分析】本文说明文。父母是孩子的启蒙老师，父母的态度会影响孩子，文章提出了五个关于怎样为孩子做到最好的建议。
【详解】1.根据上句“Everyone makes mistakes, especially kids.”（每个人都会犯错，特别是孩子。）空格处可能继续谈论犯错在生活中是在所难免。G.Education is built on being able to make mistakes and then face the consequences of them（教育是建立在错误之上，要面对这个后果。）由此可知G.符合语境。故选G。
2.根据空格的位置可判断，此处是小标题。根据后文“So how do kids manage to turn homework in on time ”（孩子怎样按时上交作业？）B. Make sure they' re doing their work(确保孩子们在做他们的作业）由此可知B.符合语境。故选B。
3.根据前面在讲游戏，手机，电视等都妨碍了孩子们的发展，因此要减少这些电子产品的干扰。A .Help teachers out by cutting them out of your kids' daily activities（帮助老师将电子产品从孩子的日常活动排除掉。）由此可知，A符合语境。故选A。
4.根据上句“Kids learn from parents first and they learn from parents most. ”（孩子们常常从父母那里学。）因此我们父母要注意自己的言行。C .Thus, what you do, your kids will do（因此，你做什么，孩子将会做什么。）由此可知，C符合语境。故选C。
5.根据小标题“Work with their teachers, not against them”（要和老师一起努力而不是和他们不一致。）D.Be on our side（站在我们这一边）由此可知，D符合语境。故选D。
18．D 19．A 20．A 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．B 36．C 37．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在一个下雨的周二，偶然在一栋楼旁边发现了一只鸡并且最终决定把这只鸡带回家，后来随着这只鸡和儿子的相处，作者儿子的多动症也变得好转起来了。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和我患有严重多动症的儿子Adrian在一起，这是一个艰难的早晨。A. happy快乐的；B. peaceful安静的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. difficult困难的。由上文“already tired”（感到疲劳）以及下文“who has severe ADD (多动症)”（儿子患多动症），故可推断和多动症儿子在一起的早晨很艰难，所以作者感到疲劳。故选D项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大楼入口处，有个东西吸引了我的目光。一只鸡。A. eye眼睛；B. ear耳朵；C. mouth嘴巴；D. nose鼻子。由句意可知，caught one’s eye“吸引某人的注意”为固定短语，引出下文把鸡带回家的故事。故选A项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个男人告诉我，这只鸡最近几个晚上一直在附近徘徊。A. hanging悬挂，逗留；B. asking问；C. looking看；D. turning转向，改变。由下文“I saw her in the same spot”（鸡仍在这个地方），可知这只鸡一直在附近徘徊。hang around“徘徊”。故选A项。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我工作结束的时候，我看到她在同一个地方，又冷又湿。A. trip旅行；B. doubt怀疑；C. work工作；D. car汽车。由上文作者“headed toward my company”（去上班），以及后来又在同一地方看到这只鸡，故可知此时作者应该是下班结束工作了。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我工作结束的时候，我看到她在同一个地方，又冷又湿。A. dry干的；B. full慢的；C. wet湿的；D. content内容，目录。由前面“rainy Tuesday”提到的下雨，故可知此时这只鸡是又冷又湿。故选C项。
23．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：我整晚都在担心她。A. curious好奇的；B. worried担心的；C. asking询问；D. talking谈论。根据下文“What if a coyote (郊狼) got her ”（她是否被野狼抓走），可知，作者整晚都在担心她。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜她已经回家了。A. realized意识到；B. dreamed梦想；C. regretted后悔；D. guessed猜测。由上文“No sign of the chicken.”（没有鸡的迹象），可判断作者猜她已经回家了。故选D项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在那里，又被雨淋湿了。A. dressed打扮；B. rained雨淋、下雨；C. changed改变；D. injured受伤。由上文“It rained the next morning”以及后面的“again”可知，她又被雨淋湿了。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了她一些面包。A. offered提供；B. lent借出；C. baked烤；D. donated捐赠。由句意以及前面语境可知，作者此时提供了她一些面包。故选A项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝了，只是站在那里，抬头盯着我。A. standing站立；B. sitting坐；C. pushing推；D. staring盯着。由上文“refused it and just stood there”语境以及句意可知，她只是站在那里，抬头盯着我。故选D项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，在回家的半路上，我掉头回到公司。A. home家；B. company公司；C. market市场；D. hospital医院。由前文说到的鸡出现在作者公司大楼旁，可知作者掉头回到公司。故选B项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上把鸡放在我的腿上，它的嘴衔在我的肩膀上。A. day天；B. process过程；C. ride路程；D. morning早晨。由作者开车带她回家以及语境“放在我的腿上”和“嘴衔在我的肩膀上”，可知一路上都是保持着这种姿势。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在Facebook上发帖，问是否有人丢了一只鸡。A. posted发布；B. wrote写；C. expressed表达；D. announced宣布。由句意以及post on “在……上面发帖”为固定搭配。故选A项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在Facebook上发帖，问是否有人丢了一只鸡。A. found发现；B. saw看到；C. lost丢失；D. bought买。由下文“But no one claimed her.”可知，作者发帖询问是否有人丢了一只鸡。故选C项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的救援让她感觉在家一样，甚至在我家后院下蛋。A. plan计划；B. motivation动机；C. confidence自信；D. rescue拯救。由作者把鸡带回家，以及后文让她感觉在家一样，可知是作者的救援使她感觉像在家一样。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最大的惊喜是Adrian对她的好感。A. took out 拿出来；B. took to喜欢，习惯于；C. took up占据；D. took down 开始做，着手做。由下文“sits in his lap”可知，鸡坐在Adrian的腿上，可见二者关系好，take to“喜欢，习惯于”为固定短语。此处为Adrian对这只鸡的喜爱。故选B项。
34．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但对于这只鸡不是。A. Then然后；B. But但是；C. And和，然后；D. So所以。由上文“His ADD makes him get angry easily.”（多动症使他很容易生气），以及他对鸡的喜爱，可知此处为对于这只鸡他并没有生气，和下文形成转折。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她带着他在屋子里转来转去，坐在他的腿上。A. shows展示；B. moves跑，移动；C. follows遵循；D. tolerates忍受。由句意以及语境“转来转去”可知，此处为鸡带着他在屋子里转来转去。故选B项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们之间的两难处境是一种福气。A. bound边界；B. secret秘密；C. dilemma两难处境，困境；D. action行动。由鸡的丢失以及作者儿子的多动症可知，此时他们之间的两难处境是一种福气。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个下雨的星期二，我告诉小鸡去找她的家人。A. zoo动物园；B. garden花园；C. backyard后花园；D. family家人。由文章第二段中“Go find your family”（找你的家人），和此处的family“家人”与此相呼应。故选D项。
38．While##Although 39．because 40．what 41．before 42．what 43．who 44．if 45．When 46．When 47．when##whenever
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在伦敦参加晚宴的经历，以及对于伦敦晚宴情况进行了简要介绍。
38．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我讨厌晚宴，但我决定再试一次，因为我在伦敦。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导状语从句。结合句意，从句与主句表达的意思相反，此处表示“虽然，尽管”之意，由连词while或although引导。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填While或Although。
39．考查原因状语从句。句意：我这样做是因为伦敦的晚宴与纽约的晚宴非常不同。根据空前“I did so”可知，设空处解释原因，应由连词引导原因状语从句。故填because。
40．考查让步状语从句。句意：在那里，“我正在举行晚宴”的意思是：“我在一家餐馆预定了一张12人的桌子”；你买不起，无论你吃什么，我们都会分享这笔钱。根据空前no matter“无论”可知，设空处应用连词引导让步状语从句。且从句谓语eat后缺少宾语，应由连词what引导。no matter what表示“无论什么”，故填what。
41．考查时间状语从句。句意：更糟糕的是，在纽约，总有人在账单到达之前就离开了。根据句中副词Worse可知，人们离开应该是在账单到达之前。设空处应由连词“before”引导时间状语从句。故填before。
42．考查宾语从句。句意：他们会扔下现金——他们欠的钱的一半，然后像我这样不喝酒的人，最终会付得更多。根据空前介词of可知，设空处应用连词引导宾语从句。从句谓语动词owe后缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
43．考查定语从句。句意：他们会扔下现金——他们欠的钱的一半，然后像我这样不喝酒的人，最终会付得更多。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导非限定性定语从句。从句中缺少主语，先行词people指人，应由关系代词who引导。故填who。
44．考查条件状语从句。句意：但是，如果我使用相同的伎俩，主人会生气的。根据句中表示转折关系的词But及下文“use the same trick”可知，空格处应用连词引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”之意，应用连词if。故填if。
45．考查时间状语从句。句意：当我最后一次去的时候，客人来自法国和日本。分析句子结构，设空处应由连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，应用连词when。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。
46．考查时间状语从句。句意：当我到达时，我觉得这就像在联合国聚会。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导时间状语从句，意为“当…….时”，应用连词when。设空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。
47．考查时间状语从句。句意：对于纽约人来说，人们喜欢在空闲时候谈论世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用连词引导时间状语从句。此处表示纽约人在有空的时候谈论世界其他地方，应用连词when引导。亦可表示“无论什么时候”，可用whenever引导。故填when或whenever。
48．domestic##omestic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：近年来，关于家庭暴力的投诉明显增多。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词domestic，作定语，修饰名词violence，名词短语domestic violence“家庭暴力”。故填domestic。
49．aspect##spect
【详解】考查名词。句意：气候和天气影响着我们生活的方方面面。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用名词作宾语。结合句意及首字母提示，aspect是名词，意为“方面”，由于空前有every修饰，此处应用名词单数形式。故填aspect。
50．revealed
【详解】考查时态。句意：一个对美国人饮食的调查显示，越来越多的人超重。 reveal表示“显示”，空前有has，所以这里构成现在完成时，动词需要用过去分词形式。故填revealed。
51．attain##achieve
【详解】考查动词。句意：在实现我们的目标之前，仍需做出更大的努力。根据汉语提示“实现”和空后的our goal可知，这里应用及物动词attain或achieve。再结合空前的情态动词can可知，空处应用动词原形。故填attain或achieve。
52．entirely
【详解】考查副词。句意：在你完全理解这个想法之前，不要对它做任何评价。根据汉语提示可知应填副词entirely，作状语。故填entirely。
53．celebrity
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔安娜当了25年女演员，终于跻身名人之列。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词celebrity“名人”，满足句意要求。故填celebrity。
54．grocery##rocery
【详解】考查名词。句意：母亲让我去我家附近的杂货店买一些食物。根据首字母以及汉语提示“杂货店”，以及句子结构可知此处构成名词短语grocery store杂货店。故填grocery。
55．generated##enerated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：热水澡或浴缸产生的热空气有助于清除堵塞的鼻子。动词generate意为“产生”，分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是will help clear，generate与逻辑主语air 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式generated作后置定语，修饰名词air 。故填generated。
56．convinced me that
【详解】考查动词及其时态。句意：他的表情使我相信他不同意这个计划。固定搭配convince sb. that ...意为“使某人相信……”符合句意和句子结构。句子分析可知convince是谓语动词，从后文的宾语从句“he disagreed with the plan”可知此句为一般过去时，从句句意完整，成分齐全，所以填convinced me that，that引导宾语从句，在从句中只起引导作用，不做句子成分，无词汇意义。故填convinced me that。
57．varieties of/a variety of
【详解】考查短语。句意：学生应该参加各种各样的社区活动。varieties of/a variety of许多的；各种各样的。故填varieties of/a variety of。
58． domestic market domestically
【详解】考查名词、形容词和副词。句意：产量包括出口和国内市场的销售。无论在国内还是在全球，都不乏需要我们关注的事业。第一空表示“国内市场”应填domestic market，domestic是形容词作定语修饰名词market；第二空和globally并列，需填副词domestically作状语。故填①domestic market；②domestically。
59．What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company.
【详解】考查不定式和名词性从句。句意：他正在考虑如何吸引更多的人才来他的公司。“特殊疑问词+不定式”可以在句中作表语，此句可转换为：他正在考虑的是如何吸引更多的人才来他的公司。句子为主系表结构，“他正在考虑的”在句中作主语，用名词性从句what he is considering表达，what在从句中作宾语；how to attract more talents to his company在句中作表语；根据句意可知，谓语动词用be动词，为一般现在时，what he is considering作主语，表语为how+不定式，谓语动词be用第三人称单数，因此，此句可改写为：What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company. 故答案是What he is considering is how to attract more talents to his company.
60．That mathematics is the base for other sciences is known to all of us.
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：修建新办公室的计划应立即实施。这是我的主意。根据句意及题目要求可知，Mathematics is the base for other sciences.可以改为that引导的主语从句。故答案为That mathematics is the base for other sciences is known to all of us.
61．None of the students could understand what the professor had once said.
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句，主句中表示“理解”应用动词understand；“所有的学生都不理解……”即“没有学生理解……”，根据句意主句谓语动词应该用一般过去时，翻译为“None of the students could understand”；连接词在宾语从句中作said的宾语，表示“说的意思”，应该用what引导宾语从句，从句动作“说”在主句动作之前，从句应该用过去完成时had said，副词once在助动词had 后表示“曾经”。故翻译为None of the students could understand what the professor had once said。
62．The reason why she was absent from meeting was that her car broke down on the way to work.
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。结合语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“原因”应用the reason；表示“她开会缺席的”应用定语从句，why she was absent from meeting，先行词reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导；表示“是”应用be动词，此处使用第三人称单数形式was；表示“她的车在上班途中坏了”应用表语从句，that her car broke down on the way to work，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故翻译成：The reason why she was absent from meeting was that her car broke down on the way to work.
63．Ultimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.
【详解】考查副词、时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据提示词可知本句用副词Ultimately(最终)位于句首作状语；语境表明“赢得比赛”发生在过去，用一般过去时；“向所有球迷证明了……”是“赢得比赛”的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果；“他们是一支强大的球队”为宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that仅起连接作用，无实义；从句的内容为客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Ultimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.
64．not least 65．labour force 66．earn/make a living/earn/make one’s living 67．attain one’s objective/goal 68．have a passion for 69．be fond of 70．anticipate doing sth. 71．be superior to 72．have (a) prejudice against 73．comfort zone
【解析】64．“尤其、特别”在英文中可翻译为短语not least。故答案为not least。
65．“（全公司或全国的）劳动力”在英文中可翻译为labour force。故答案为labour force。
66．“谋生、度日”在英文中可用固定短语earn/make a living或earn/make one’s living。故答案为earn/make a living或earn/make one’s living。
67．“达到目标”在英文中可用短语attain one’s objective/goal。故答案为attain one’s objective/goal。
68．“对……有强烈的爱好；酷爱”在英文中可用短语have a passion for。故答案为have a passion for。
69．“喜爱”在英文中可用短语be fond of。故答案为be fond of。
70．“预期做某事”在英文中可用短语anticipate doing sth.。故答案为anticipate doing sth.。
71．“优于……，比……地位高”在英文中可用短语be superior to。故答案为be superior to。
72．“对……有偏见”在英文中可用短语have (a) prejudice against，故答案为have (a) prejudice against。
73．“舒适区，放松区”在英文中可用短语comfort zone。故答案为comfort zone。
74． makes him wealthy
【详解】考查动词make用法。空处表示“使他富有”，可使用“make+宾语+宾语补足语”表达，宾语使用宾格him，宾语补足语使用形容词wealthy，此处是讲述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语是His successful acting career，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数，故填makes him wealthy。
75．which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in
【详解】考查宾语从句。“他们中的哪一个”翻译为which of them；“最喜欢……”翻译为like sth. bset；“哪些外国人”翻译为which of them from outside of China；“更可能”翻译为be more likely；“对……感兴趣”翻译为be interested in；根据空前动词know以及所给要求，可知，此句可用and连接两个which引导的宾语从句，第一个为“你最喜欢他们中的哪一个”，which of them you like best；第二个为hich of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in。故翻译为：which of them you like best and which of them people from outside of China are more likely to be interested in。
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