外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world Starting out&Understanding ideas随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world Starting out&Understanding ideas随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-17 20:06:25 | ||
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Unit 5 Starting out&Understanding ideas
一、单词拼写
1.Her task was to clone a _____(鼠)gene called neu.
2.A suitable _____(栖息地)would be needed for the extinct animals to lead a natural life.
3.The picture was surrounded by two plastic rings, a stuffed _____(企鹅), and a banana toy.
4.Nushu was made as a national cultural _____(遗产)in 2006.
5.We were out of breath _____(在中途)up the mountain.
6.She had set a _____(圈套) for him and he had walked straight into it.
7.The number of the new students _____(减少) from 210 to 160 last year.
8.The roof of the house _____(坍塌) under the weight of snow after the heavy snowfall.
9.First, the microbes quietly _____(大大增加) and then they suddenly switch their behaviour.
10.The _____(病毒) has infected the operating system of his computer.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
out of control ; take over ; come up with ; die out ; turn out
1. The party _____ to be very successful due to the careful preparation of the host.
2. As a professor, you could _____ solutions to the problem.
3. They didn't let themselves in trouble when they _____ this business.
4. The plane got _____ and crashed into the sea finally.
5. This kind of species _____ many years ago because people failed to protect them.
三、阅读理解
In the last 50 years, sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 1—2°C, which is more than twice the global average.
Loss of species
Global warming could basically change the ecosystem, leading to the loss of some species. Sharks are going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the warming trend continues, a bit more slowly than crabs—crabs are going to get there first, but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.
Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony fishes would lead to great changes in the number and proportions (比例)of species found there.
Shrimp, ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines. Animals living in shallow waters in Antarctica are unique on Earth today because they evolved (进化) in a very cold environment over tens of millions of years.
Extreme conditions
In the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago, all major seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because they were not able to deal with these extreme conditions.
However, today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and we've seen recently that crabs, especially king crabs, are on the doorstep of Antarctica—they can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if warming continues.
Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last environment and measures are needed to stop alien species being brought in through ships.
Strange creatures
Animals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth. The extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time, leading to the evolution of fish equipped with anti-freeze proteins in their blood.
1. How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica
A. They will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.
B. They will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.
C. The sea surface temperature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.
D. The number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.
2. How does the author feel about the alien species' invasion to Antarctica
A. Worried.
B. Doubtful.
C. Satisfied.
D. Excited.
3. Which is the best title of this passage
A. Creatures in Antarctica Are Unique
B. The Extreme Conditions in Antarctica
C. Alien Species Are Not Found in Antarctica
D. Alien Species May Change Antarctic Ecosystem
四、语法填空
Macquarie Island was a beautiful place ①_____ its native inhabitants, including royal ②_____ (penguin), king penguins, and elephant seals, existed ③_____ harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. However, in 1810, humans ④_____ (arrive) on the island with rats and mice. They quickly took over the island, eating birds' eggs and ⑤_____ (attack) baby birds. Cats ⑥_____ (bring) to control the rats and mice, but they also liked eating birds. Meanwhile, the exploding rabbit population provided food for cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased ⑦_____ (rapid). This in turn led to more cats hunting birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died ⑧_____ in 1891.
A vims ⑨_____ (release) onto the island caused rabbits to decrease, but the cats, without enough rabbits to eat, killed native birds for food. Although all the cats were caught in 2000, rats and mice exploded once again. Besides, the rabbits' ⑩_____ (dig) caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
A programme was started to tackle those problems. This intervention is a long process, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：rat
2.答案：habitat
3.答案：penguin
4.答案：heritage
5.答案：halfway
6.答案：trap
7.答案：decreased
8.答案：collapsed
9.答案：multiply
10.答案：virus
二、
答案：1.turned out; 2.come up with; 3.took over; 4.out of control; 5.died out
三、答案：1-3BAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据“Loss of species”部分中的第二段可知,鲨鱼和甲壳类硬骨鱼的到来将导致南极洲的物种数量和比例发生巨大变化。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,需要采取紧急的地方和全球性措施来保护南极洲的环境。由全文中作者介绍和议论外来物种侵入南极洲生态的后果可推知,作者对此感到担忧。故选A项。
3.标题归纳题。文章通篇都是讲述外来物种入侵给南极洲带去的后果,故D选项“外来物种可能改变南极洲的生态系统”适合做文章标题。故选D项。
四、答案：① where② penguins③ in④ arrived⑤ attacking ⑥ were brought⑦ rapidly⑧ out⑨ released⑩ digging
解析：①考查定语从句的关系词。设空处应用关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a beautiful place。
②考查名词复数。根据后面的penguins和seals可知，应填penguin的复数形式。
③考查介词。in harmony with与……协调一致，故应填in。
④考查动词的时态。句意:然而，在1810年，人类带着大老鼠和老鼠来到了岛上。根据时间状语in 1810可知，本句时态应为一般过去时。
⑤考查非谓语动词。此处应用attacking与eating并列作伴随状语。
⑥考查时态和语态。句意:猫被带来控制大老鼠和老鼠，但它们也喜欢吃鸟。根据上下文可知，应用一般过去时，且Cats与bring之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。
⑦考查副词。设空处修饰动词increased,应填副词形式，故填rapidly。
⑧考查固定短语。die out灭绝。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:一种病毒被释放到岛上，导致兔子数量减少，但是猫没有足够的兔子吃，就杀当地的鸟类作为食物。根据句意和句子结构可知， release和virus之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
⑩考查动名词。设空处作主语，应用动名词形式，故填digging。
2
一、单词拼写
1.Her task was to clone a _____(鼠)gene called neu.
2.A suitable _____(栖息地)would be needed for the extinct animals to lead a natural life.
3.The picture was surrounded by two plastic rings, a stuffed _____(企鹅), and a banana toy.
4.Nushu was made as a national cultural _____(遗产)in 2006.
5.We were out of breath _____(在中途)up the mountain.
6.She had set a _____(圈套) for him and he had walked straight into it.
7.The number of the new students _____(减少) from 210 to 160 last year.
8.The roof of the house _____(坍塌) under the weight of snow after the heavy snowfall.
9.First, the microbes quietly _____(大大增加) and then they suddenly switch their behaviour.
10.The _____(病毒) has infected the operating system of his computer.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
out of control ; take over ; come up with ; die out ; turn out
1. The party _____ to be very successful due to the careful preparation of the host.
2. As a professor, you could _____ solutions to the problem.
3. They didn't let themselves in trouble when they _____ this business.
4. The plane got _____ and crashed into the sea finally.
5. This kind of species _____ many years ago because people failed to protect them.
三、阅读理解
In the last 50 years, sea surface temperatures around Antarctica have risen by 1—2°C, which is more than twice the global average.
Loss of species
Global warming could basically change the ecosystem, leading to the loss of some species. Sharks are going to arrive in Antarctica as long as the warming trend continues, a bit more slowly than crabs—crabs are going to get there first, but once they do get there they are able to eat the organisms that live there.
Professor Wilga said the arrival of sharks and shell-crushing bony fishes would lead to great changes in the number and proportions (比例)of species found there.
Shrimp, ribbon worms and brittle stars are likely to be the most attackable to population declines. Animals living in shallow waters in Antarctica are unique on Earth today because they evolved (进化) in a very cold environment over tens of millions of years.
Extreme conditions
In the course of a process we call Antarctic cooling that started about 40 million years ago, all major seafloor predators such as sharks and crabs went extinct in Antarctica because they were not able to deal with these extreme conditions.
However, today global warming is removing barriers to invasions and we've seen recently that crabs, especially king crabs, are on the doorstep of Antarctica—they can potentially re-invade the shallow waters if warming continues.
Urgent local and global actions are needed to protect this last environment and measures are needed to stop alien species being brought in through ships.
Strange creatures
Animals that live on the seafloor of Antarctica are some of the strangest creatures on Earth. The extreme cold and darkness has presented huge challenges to marine life over the passage of time, leading to the evolution of fish equipped with anti-freeze proteins in their blood.
1. How will these alien species affect the ecosystem in Antarctica
A. They will change the extremely cold conditions in Antarctica.
B. They will change the numbers and proportions of species in Antarctica.
C. The sea surface temperature of Antarctica will rise more quickly.
D. The number of shrimp and ribbon worms will increase in Antarctica.
2. How does the author feel about the alien species' invasion to Antarctica
A. Worried.
B. Doubtful.
C. Satisfied.
D. Excited.
3. Which is the best title of this passage
A. Creatures in Antarctica Are Unique
B. The Extreme Conditions in Antarctica
C. Alien Species Are Not Found in Antarctica
D. Alien Species May Change Antarctic Ecosystem
四、语法填空
Macquarie Island was a beautiful place ①_____ its native inhabitants, including royal ②_____ (penguin), king penguins, and elephant seals, existed ③_____ harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. However, in 1810, humans ④_____ (arrive) on the island with rats and mice. They quickly took over the island, eating birds' eggs and ⑤_____ (attack) baby birds. Cats ⑥_____ (bring) to control the rats and mice, but they also liked eating birds. Meanwhile, the exploding rabbit population provided food for cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased ⑦_____ (rapid). This in turn led to more cats hunting birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died ⑧_____ in 1891.
A vims ⑨_____ (release) onto the island caused rabbits to decrease, but the cats, without enough rabbits to eat, killed native birds for food. Although all the cats were caught in 2000, rats and mice exploded once again. Besides, the rabbits' ⑩_____ (dig) caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
A programme was started to tackle those problems. This intervention is a long process, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：rat
2.答案：habitat
3.答案：penguin
4.答案：heritage
5.答案：halfway
6.答案：trap
7.答案：decreased
8.答案：collapsed
9.答案：multiply
10.答案：virus
二、
答案：1.turned out; 2.come up with; 3.took over; 4.out of control; 5.died out
三、答案：1-3BAD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据“Loss of species”部分中的第二段可知,鲨鱼和甲壳类硬骨鱼的到来将导致南极洲的物种数量和比例发生巨大变化。故选B项。
2.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,需要采取紧急的地方和全球性措施来保护南极洲的环境。由全文中作者介绍和议论外来物种侵入南极洲生态的后果可推知,作者对此感到担忧。故选A项。
3.标题归纳题。文章通篇都是讲述外来物种入侵给南极洲带去的后果,故D选项“外来物种可能改变南极洲的生态系统”适合做文章标题。故选D项。
四、答案：① where② penguins③ in④ arrived⑤ attacking ⑥ were brought⑦ rapidly⑧ out⑨ released⑩ digging
解析：①考查定语从句的关系词。设空处应用关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a beautiful place。
②考查名词复数。根据后面的penguins和seals可知，应填penguin的复数形式。
③考查介词。in harmony with与……协调一致，故应填in。
④考查动词的时态。句意:然而，在1810年，人类带着大老鼠和老鼠来到了岛上。根据时间状语in 1810可知，本句时态应为一般过去时。
⑤考查非谓语动词。此处应用attacking与eating并列作伴随状语。
⑥考查时态和语态。句意:猫被带来控制大老鼠和老鼠，但它们也喜欢吃鸟。根据上下文可知，应用一般过去时，且Cats与bring之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。
⑦考查副词。设空处修饰动词increased,应填副词形式，故填rapidly。
⑧考查固定短语。die out灭绝。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:一种病毒被释放到岛上，导致兔子数量减少，但是猫没有足够的兔子吃，就杀当地的鸟类作为食物。根据句意和句子结构可知， release和virus之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
⑩考查动名词。设空处作主语，应用动名词形式，故填digging。
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