外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world Using Language随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world Using Language随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-17 20:07:07 | ||
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Unit 5 Using Language
一、单词拼写
1.At the current rate of decrease, many rain forest animals could become _____(绝种的) in less than 10 years.
2.They are only doing what is necessary to prevent the destruction of _____(植物).
3.This substance will not _____(溶解) in water.
4.Plants draw minerals and other _____(养分) from the soil.
5.Our goal is to make a substantial _____(突破) in the field of agriculture.
6.Under the agreement, _____(释放) of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent.
7.Official figures show a sharp _____(下降) in the number of foreign tourists.
8.The ecosystem is divided into three subsystems: the producer, the consumer and the _____(分解者).
9.His treatment was a _____(结合) of surgery and drugs.
10.Her lawyers say she should _____(给......赔偿) for the suffering she has experienced.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
take in, break down, rely on, feed on
1.Caterpillars(毛虫) _____ a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.
2.You should _____ your methods so that each method does a particular job.
3.They _____ the weekly boat for their supplies of food in the past.
4.What we collected and _____ became the source material for the creation.
三、阅读理解
It is true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There is also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2012 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that, "The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity."
You may not believe that humans could change the planet's climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the earth's climate has always been changing due to "natural" factors(因素) such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth's going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it, "If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren't carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be "
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without That obviously isn't possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
1. In most scientists' opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by _____.
A. solar activities B. volcanic activities C. natural factors D. human factors
2. The passage is developed by_____.
A. giving typical examples B. following the order of space
C. analyzing a theory and arguing it D. comparing and finding differences
3. We can reasonably know from the passage that _____.
A. "natural" factors also contribute to changes of earth's climate
B. greenhouse gases also have some benefits to the earth
C. there is another planet that is exactly the same as the earth
D. increasing temperature cannot be proved with 100% certainty
4. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific
B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to
C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming
D. What's Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases
四、语法填空
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ①_____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ②_____ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ③_____ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ④_____ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ⑤_____ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ⑥_____ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ⑦_____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements， leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ⑧_____ (high) than they actually are. Of ⑨_____ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations， three are declining, six ⑩_____ (be)stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：extinct
2.答案：vegetation
3.答案：dissolve
4.答案：nutrients
5.答案：breakthrough
6.答案：releases
7.答案：decline
8.答案：decomposer
9.答案：combination
10.答案：be compensated
二、
答案：1.feed on 2.break down 3.relied on 4.took in
三、答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和最后一句可知,人类因素是气候变暖的主要原因。故选D项。
2.篇章结构题。纵观全文,第一段提出人类活动因素是全球气候变暖的主要原因。接着分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。文章按照先分析理论再论证的方式行文。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可推断出A项。 B和C找不到相应信息点;根据文章首句和文章最后一段可知D项也不符合。地球变暖是早已经被证实的,不能完全证实的是全球变暖是否是因为人类的活动。故选A项。
4.标题归纳题。文章开始提出人类活动因素导致了全球气候变暖,然后分析讨论为什么人类活动会导致全球气候变暖。文章通篇都贯穿“人类的活动”。C项“的确是人类造成了全球气候变暖吗 ”适合做文章标题。故选C项。
四、答案：①that; ②poorly; ③of/for; ④to perform; ⑤have reported; ⑥belief; ⑦noting; ⑧higher; ⑨the; ⑩are
解析：①考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,空格后为同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。
②考查副词。根据句意和分析结构可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词“has been studied”， poorly意为 “不好地”。故填poorly。
③考查介词。method of/for doing sth.意为 “做……的方法”,为固定结构。故填of/for。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:追踪北极熊数量的现代方法从二十世纪八十年代中期才开始被使用,并且在如此大区域内持续使用是昂贵的。主系表结构之后常用不定式做原因或目的状语。故填to perform。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语“In recent years”可知,主句用现在完成时,主语some Inuit people为复数意义,故填have reported。
⑥考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处用名词形式,故填belief。
⑦考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词“by”可知, 此处用动名词做宾语,故填noting。
⑧考查形容词比较级。根据其后“ than they actually are”可知,此处为形容词的比较级,故填higher。
⑨考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已识别的十九个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。根据"three are declining"可知此处要用复数谓语,时态为一般现在时,故填 are。
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一、单词拼写
1.At the current rate of decrease, many rain forest animals could become _____(绝种的) in less than 10 years.
2.They are only doing what is necessary to prevent the destruction of _____(植物).
3.This substance will not _____(溶解) in water.
4.Plants draw minerals and other _____(养分) from the soil.
5.Our goal is to make a substantial _____(突破) in the field of agriculture.
6.Under the agreement, _____(释放) of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent.
7.Official figures show a sharp _____(下降) in the number of foreign tourists.
8.The ecosystem is divided into three subsystems: the producer, the consumer and the _____(分解者).
9.His treatment was a _____(结合) of surgery and drugs.
10.Her lawyers say she should _____(给......赔偿) for the suffering she has experienced.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
take in, break down, rely on, feed on
1.Caterpillars(毛虫) _____ a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.
2.You should _____ your methods so that each method does a particular job.
3.They _____ the weekly boat for their supplies of food in the past.
4.What we collected and _____ became the source material for the creation.
三、阅读理解
It is true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There is also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2012 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that, "The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity."
You may not believe that humans could change the planet's climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the earth's climate has always been changing due to "natural" factors(因素) such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth's going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it, "If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren't carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be "
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without That obviously isn't possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
1. In most scientists' opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by _____.
A. solar activities B. volcanic activities C. natural factors D. human factors
2. The passage is developed by_____.
A. giving typical examples B. following the order of space
C. analyzing a theory and arguing it D. comparing and finding differences
3. We can reasonably know from the passage that _____.
A. "natural" factors also contribute to changes of earth's climate
B. greenhouse gases also have some benefits to the earth
C. there is another planet that is exactly the same as the earth
D. increasing temperature cannot be proved with 100% certainty
4. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific
B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to
C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming
D. What's Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases
四、语法填空
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ①_____ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ②_____ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ③_____ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ④_____ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ⑤_____ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ⑥_____ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ⑦_____ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements， leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ⑧_____ (high) than they actually are. Of ⑨_____ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations， three are declining, six ⑩_____ (be)stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：extinct
2.答案：vegetation
3.答案：dissolve
4.答案：nutrients
5.答案：breakthrough
6.答案：releases
7.答案：decline
8.答案：decomposer
9.答案：combination
10.答案：be compensated
二、
答案：1.feed on 2.break down 3.relied on 4.took in
三、答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和最后一句可知,人类因素是气候变暖的主要原因。故选D项。
2.篇章结构题。纵观全文,第一段提出人类活动因素是全球气候变暖的主要原因。接着分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。文章按照先分析理论再论证的方式行文。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可推断出A项。 B和C找不到相应信息点;根据文章首句和文章最后一段可知D项也不符合。地球变暖是早已经被证实的,不能完全证实的是全球变暖是否是因为人类的活动。故选A项。
4.标题归纳题。文章开始提出人类活动因素导致了全球气候变暖,然后分析讨论为什么人类活动会导致全球气候变暖。文章通篇都贯穿“人类的活动”。C项“的确是人类造成了全球气候变暖吗 ”适合做文章标题。故选C项。
四、答案：①that; ②poorly; ③of/for; ④to perform; ⑤have reported; ⑥belief; ⑦noting; ⑧higher; ⑨the; ⑩are
解析：①考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,空格后为同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。
②考查副词。根据句意和分析结构可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词“has been studied”， poorly意为 “不好地”。故填poorly。
③考查介词。method of/for doing sth.意为 “做……的方法”,为固定结构。故填of/for。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:追踪北极熊数量的现代方法从二十世纪八十年代中期才开始被使用,并且在如此大区域内持续使用是昂贵的。主系表结构之后常用不定式做原因或目的状语。故填to perform。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语“In recent years”可知,主句用现在完成时,主语some Inuit people为复数意义,故填have reported。
⑥考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知,空格处用名词形式,故填belief。
⑦考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词“by”可知, 此处用动名词做宾语,故填noting。
⑧考查形容词比较级。根据其后“ than they actually are”可知,此处为形容词的比较级,故填higher。
⑨考查定冠词。此处为特指,意为“在已识别的十九个北极熊亚种群中”,故填the。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。根据"three are declining"可知此处要用复数谓语,时态为一般现在时,故填 are。
2