外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册同步课时训练Unit5 A delicate world SectionB Using language（含答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-04-17 20:13:38 | ||
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Unit 5 A delicate world SectionB Using language——2022-2023学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册同步课时训练
一、单词填空
1.At the current rate of decrease, many rain forest animals could become _____(绝种的) in less than 10 years.
2.They are only doing what is necessary to prevent the destruction of _____(植物).
3.This substance will not _____(溶解) in water.
4.Plants draw minerals and other _____(养分) from the soil.
5.Our goal is to make a substantial _____(突破) in the field of agriculture.
6.Under the agreement, _____(释放) of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent.
7.Official figures show a sharp _____(下降) in the number of foreign tourists.
8.The ecosystem is divided into three subsystems: the producer, the consumer and the _____(分解者).
9.His treatment was a _____(结合) of surgery and drugs.
10.Her lawyers say she should _____(给......赔偿) for the suffering she has experienced.
二、翻译
11.当你和你的姐妹们一起出去郊游时,你必须确保她们的安全。
When you go outing with your sisters, you must _____ _____ _____ _____they are safe.
12.他跟其他女孩谈话而常常把我忽略掉,这个我忍受不了。
I _____ _____ _____ _____ he often ignores me and talks with other girls.
13.会议取消了, 我们都感到很遗憾。
We all thought _____ _____ _____ _____the conference should have been cancelled.
14.我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。
I find _____ _____ _____ _____with him.
15.他发现和他辩论没有用。
He found _____ _____ _____ _____with him.
三、阅读理解
Australia is no stranger to wildfires. The country's weather patterns create heat and dryness, which fuel occasional bushfires in a natural cycle. However, one that started in September, 2019 continues to bum, and it may not be natural at all. So far, the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares (73,000 square kilometers) of land, killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process, reported The Telegraph. Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire's creation and duration.
"What we have are fires that might have occurred anyway," Peter Gleick, a US climate scientist, told Time. "But the extent, the severity and the intensity of these fires are far worse than them otherwise would have been without the fingerprints of climate change."
According to Australia's Bureau of Meteorology, the country's temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920. The spring of 2019 was Australia's driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9
"Due to enhanced evaporation in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly," Stefan Rahmstorf, a lead author of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fourth Assessment Report, told Time.
Worse still, researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology believe that wildfires like this might become "normal conditions" in the future, according to the BBC. They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires. They found that the link between the two had already been observed in many parts of the world, including the western US, Canada, southern Europe, and even Scandinavia and Siberia.
"These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate," Corinne Le Quere, a professor from the University of East Anglia in the UK, told the BBC. ''What we are seeing in Australia is not the 'new normal'. It's a transition to worse impacts."
1.What do we know about the bushfire that started in September, 2019 in Australia
A.It has done a lot of harm to people's living environment.
B.It followed the laws of nature.
C.It was soon under control.
D.It was started on purpose.
2.What did researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology learn from the 57 research papers mentioned in the article
A.How human activities cause climate change.
B.Where deadly wildfires happen more often.
C.Whether climate change brings more wildfires.
D.Why climate change has drawn international attention.
3.What did Quere tell people in the last paragraph
A.The future of Australia. B.Solutions to climate change.
C.The effects of wildfires. D.The urgency of fighting climate change.
四、语法填空
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ①________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ②________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000 -25 ,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ③________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ④________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ⑤________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ⑥________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ⑦________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ⑧________ (high) than they actually are. Of ⑨________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ⑩________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：extinct
2.答案：vegetation
3.答案：dissolve
4.答案：nutrients
5.答案：breakthrough
6.答案：releases
7.答案：decline
8.答案：decomposer
9.答案：combination
10.答案：be compensated
二、11.答案：see to it that
12.答案：can't stand it when
13.答案：it a pity that
14.答案：it pleasant to work
15.答案：it no use arguing
三、答案：1-3.ACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的So far, the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares(73,000 square kilometers)of land, killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process可知,这场大火给人们的生活环境带来了很大的伤害。根据第一段第三句However, one that started in September, 2019 continues to burn, and it may not be natural at all.可知,始于2019年九月的野火还在继续燃烧,是不正常的情况,故B项“它符合自然规律”及C项“它很快得到控制”不正确;根据文章内容可知,这次野火是由天气原因造成的,不是故意的,故D项“它是(由人)故意点燃的”不正确。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires.(他们查阅了自2013年以来发表的57篇研究论文,这些论文调查了气候变化与野火风险之间的关系。)可知,这些科学家查阅的论文讨论的是气候变化和野火的发生之间的关系。A项“人类活动是如何导致气候变化的”和B项“哪里更经常发生致命的野火”文章未提及;D项“为什么气候变化引起了国际社会的关注”文中有所提及,但并不是the UK Bureau of Meteorology的研究人员从文章中提到的57篇研究论文中了解到的。故选C。
3.推理判断题。最后一段中的These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate(这些都是我们看到的全球气候变化1度的影响。如果我们不采取所需要的措施来稳定世界气候,影响将会变得更糟)说明了气候变化的危害,目的是告诉我们应对气候变化的紧迫性。根据文章最后What we are seeing in Australia is not the "new normal". It's a transition to worse impacts.(我们在澳大利亚看到的不是“新常态”,而是向更糟糕的影响的过渡。)可知,Quere教授是用澳大利亚的例子说明全球的状况,不是单指A项“澳大利亚的未来”;Quere教授没有提及B项“气候变化的解决方法”和C项“野火的影响”。故选D。
四、答案：that; poorly; of/for; to perform; have reported; belief; noting; higher; the; are
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。
①考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导同位语从句,解释说明evidence的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分且意义完整,故用that引导。
②考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。
③考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。
④考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语+be+adj.+不定式”结构,不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语"In recent years"可判断用现在完成时,又因主语为复数,故填have reported。
⑥考查词性转换。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知,此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法,信念)。
⑦考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时,应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.通过做某事回应。
⑧考查形容词的比较级。根据空格后的than可知,此处应用high的比较级形式higher。
⑨考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群,故用定冠词the。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;six指代"six polar bear subpopulations",谓语动词应用复数。
2
一、单词填空
1.At the current rate of decrease, many rain forest animals could become _____(绝种的) in less than 10 years.
2.They are only doing what is necessary to prevent the destruction of _____(植物).
3.This substance will not _____(溶解) in water.
4.Plants draw minerals and other _____(养分) from the soil.
5.Our goal is to make a substantial _____(突破) in the field of agriculture.
6.Under the agreement, _____(释放) of cancer-causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent.
7.Official figures show a sharp _____(下降) in the number of foreign tourists.
8.The ecosystem is divided into three subsystems: the producer, the consumer and the _____(分解者).
9.His treatment was a _____(结合) of surgery and drugs.
10.Her lawyers say she should _____(给......赔偿) for the suffering she has experienced.
二、翻译
11.当你和你的姐妹们一起出去郊游时,你必须确保她们的安全。
When you go outing with your sisters, you must _____ _____ _____ _____they are safe.
12.他跟其他女孩谈话而常常把我忽略掉,这个我忍受不了。
I _____ _____ _____ _____ he often ignores me and talks with other girls.
13.会议取消了, 我们都感到很遗憾。
We all thought _____ _____ _____ _____the conference should have been cancelled.
14.我觉得和他一起工作很愉快。
I find _____ _____ _____ _____with him.
15.他发现和他辩论没有用。
He found _____ _____ _____ _____with him.
三、阅读理解
Australia is no stranger to wildfires. The country's weather patterns create heat and dryness, which fuel occasional bushfires in a natural cycle. However, one that started in September, 2019 continues to bum, and it may not be natural at all. So far, the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares (73,000 square kilometers) of land, killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process, reported The Telegraph. Scientists say that man-made climate change has played a role in the fire's creation and duration.
"What we have are fires that might have occurred anyway," Peter Gleick, a US climate scientist, told Time. "But the extent, the severity and the intensity of these fires are far worse than them otherwise would have been without the fingerprints of climate change."
According to Australia's Bureau of Meteorology, the country's temperatures have risen by more than one degree Celsius since 1920. The spring of 2019 was Australia's driest in 120 years. In December, the country saw its hottest day ever, with an average temperature of 41.9
"Due to enhanced evaporation in warmer temperatures, the vegetation and the soils dry out more quickly," Stefan Rahmstorf, a lead author of the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fourth Assessment Report, told Time.
Worse still, researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology believe that wildfires like this might become "normal conditions" in the future, according to the BBC. They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires. They found that the link between the two had already been observed in many parts of the world, including the western US, Canada, southern Europe, and even Scandinavia and Siberia.
"These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate," Corinne Le Quere, a professor from the University of East Anglia in the UK, told the BBC. ''What we are seeing in Australia is not the 'new normal'. It's a transition to worse impacts."
1.What do we know about the bushfire that started in September, 2019 in Australia
A.It has done a lot of harm to people's living environment.
B.It followed the laws of nature.
C.It was soon under control.
D.It was started on purpose.
2.What did researchers at the UK Bureau of Meteorology learn from the 57 research papers mentioned in the article
A.How human activities cause climate change.
B.Where deadly wildfires happen more often.
C.Whether climate change brings more wildfires.
D.Why climate change has drawn international attention.
3.What did Quere tell people in the last paragraph
A.The future of Australia. B.Solutions to climate change.
C.The effects of wildfires. D.The urgency of fighting climate change.
四、语法填空
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ①________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ②________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000 -25 ,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ③________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ④________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ⑤________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ⑥________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ⑦________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are ⑧________ (high) than they actually are. Of ⑨________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ⑩________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：extinct
2.答案：vegetation
3.答案：dissolve
4.答案：nutrients
5.答案：breakthrough
6.答案：releases
7.答案：decline
8.答案：decomposer
9.答案：combination
10.答案：be compensated
二、11.答案：see to it that
12.答案：can't stand it when
13.答案：it a pity that
14.答案：it pleasant to work
15.答案：it no use arguing
三、答案：1-3.ACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的So far, the fire has burned 7.3 million hectares(73,000 square kilometers)of land, killing at least 28 people and destroying more than 3,000 homes in the process可知,这场大火给人们的生活环境带来了很大的伤害。根据第一段第三句However, one that started in September, 2019 continues to burn, and it may not be natural at all.可知,始于2019年九月的野火还在继续燃烧,是不正常的情况,故B项“它符合自然规律”及C项“它很快得到控制”不正确;根据文章内容可知,这次野火是由天气原因造成的,不是故意的,故D项“它是(由人)故意点燃的”不正确。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句They looked at 57 research papers published since 2013, which examined the relationship between climate change and the risk of wildfires.(他们查阅了自2013年以来发表的57篇研究论文,这些论文调查了气候变化与野火风险之间的关系。)可知,这些科学家查阅的论文讨论的是气候变化和野火的发生之间的关系。A项“人类活动是如何导致气候变化的”和B项“哪里更经常发生致命的野火”文章未提及;D项“为什么气候变化引起了国际社会的关注”文中有所提及,但并不是the UK Bureau of Meteorology的研究人员从文章中提到的57篇研究论文中了解到的。故选C。
3.推理判断题。最后一段中的These are impacts we are seeing for one degree of global climate change. The impact will get worse if we don't do what it takes to stabilize the world's climate(这些都是我们看到的全球气候变化1度的影响。如果我们不采取所需要的措施来稳定世界气候,影响将会变得更糟)说明了气候变化的危害,目的是告诉我们应对气候变化的紧迫性。根据文章最后What we are seeing in Australia is not the "new normal". It's a transition to worse impacts.(我们在澳大利亚看到的不是“新常态”,而是向更糟糕的影响的过渡。)可知,Quere教授是用澳大利亚的例子说明全球的状况,不是单指A项“澳大利亚的未来”;Quere教授没有提及B项“气候变化的解决方法”和C项“野火的影响”。故选D。
四、答案：that; poorly; of/for; to perform; have reported; belief; noting; higher; the; are
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。
①考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导同位语从句,解释说明evidence的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分且意义完整,故用that引导。
②考查词性转换。修饰动词studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。
③考查介词。a method of/for doing sth.做某事的方法。
④考查非谓语动词。此处是“主语+be+adj.+不定式”结构,不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。
⑤考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语"In recent years"可判断用现在完成时,又因主语为复数,故填have reported。
⑥考查词性转换。根据空格前的不定冠词a可知,此处应填believe的名词形式belief(看法,信念)。
⑦考查非谓语动词。介词后接动词时,应用其动名词形式。respond by doing sth.通过做某事回应。
⑧考查形容词的比较级。根据空格后的than可知,此处应用high的比较级形式higher。
⑨考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群,故用定冠词the。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;six指代"six polar bear subpopulations",谓语动词应用复数。
2