外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate worldStarting out&Understanding ideas课时作业（含答案）

Unit 5 Starting out&Understanding ideas
一、单词拼写
1.Her task was to clone a _____(鼠)gene called neu.
2.A suitable _____(栖息地)would be needed for the extinct animals to lead a natural life.
3.The picture was surrounded by two plastic rings, a stuffed _____(企鹅), and a banana toy.
4.Nushu was made as a national cultural _____(遗产)in 2006.
5.We were out of breath _____(在中途)up the mountain.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
out of control ; take over ; come up with ; die out ; turn out
1. The party _____ to be very successful due to the careful preparation of the host.
2. As a professor, you could _____ solutions to the problem.
3. They didn't let themselves in trouble when they _____ this business.
4. The plane got _____ and crashed into the sea finally.
5. This kind of species _____ many years ago because people failed to protect them.
三、七选五
Most of us don't think twice about refilling our plastic water bottles. After all, there's absolutely nothing harmful about a simple bottle of water, right
Wrong! ①_____ Why Plastic water bottles have Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical used to manufacture plastics. This harmful chemical can go into the water and quickly grow dangerous bacteria in the bottle's cracks, and the health consequences are pretty serious.
We spoke to Kent Atherton, CEO of PuriBloc technology, about the risks of reusing plastics. "Even BPA free products are not safe because manufacturers are now using other estrogenic(雌激素的)chemicals. ②_____," said Atherton.
These estrogenic chemicals can have a negative effect on human being's hormonal balances. ③_____ In a study of 259 plastic water bottles at the State University of New York, scientists found that 93% of the surveyed bottles had some form of microplastic contamination(污染). Additionally, single-use plastic bottles are mostly made of polyethylene terephthalate, or PET, which is safe to use, but not to reuse.
④_____. "The thing about water bottles is that they come into contact with our mouth and hands—which are home to a lot of bacteria," says Professor Stephanie Liberatore in the academic journal The Science Teacher. "Their openings are small, which makes them difficult to clean. This, combined with their wet environment, can make water bottles a bacterial breeding ground."
To drink water without harm, smart drinkers should avoid re-using disposable(—次性的) bottles. ⑤_____. Not only will doing so benefit your health, but you can help the environment, too.
A. There's also the factor of bacteria to consider
B. They may also cause the same danger to human health
C. Instead, they should recycle them after drinking up once
D. Plastic water bottle could actually do harm to your body
E. Many people believe buying plastic water bottles is healthy
F. These plastics can make chemicals go into your water if heated
G. However, the potential dangers of plastic water bottles don't stop there
四、语法填空
Macquarie Island was a beautiful place ①_____ its native inhabitants, including royal ②_____ (penguin), king penguins, and elephant seals, existed ③_____ harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. However, in 1810, humans ④_____ (arrive) on the island with rats and mice. They quickly took over the island, eating birds' eggs and ⑤_____ (attack) baby birds. Cats ⑥_____ (bring) to control the rats and mice, but they also liked eating birds. Meanwhile, the exploding rabbit population provided food for cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased ⑦_____ (rapid). This in turn led to more cats hunting birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died ⑧_____ in 1891.
A vims ⑨_____ (release) onto the island caused rabbits to decrease, but the cats, without enough rabbits to eat, killed native birds for food. Although all the cats were caught in 2000, rats and mice exploded once again. Besides, the rabbits' ⑩_____ (dig) caused some land to collapse and killed many penguins.
A programme was started to tackle those problems. This intervention is a long process, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：rat
2.答案：habitat
3.答案：penguin
4.答案：heritage
5.答案：halfway
二、答案：1.turned out; 2.come up with; 3.took over; 4.out of control; 5.died out
三、答案：①-⑤DBGAC
解析：①根据下文的“Why ”及后面的解释“这种有害的化学物质会进入水中,并在瓶子的裂缝中迅速滋生危险的细菌, 对健康的影响非常严重”可知,选项D“塑料水瓶实际上会对你的身体造成伤害”符合语境。故选D项。
②根据上文语境可知,BPA会进入水中,而且制造商现在正在使用其他的雌激素。根据第四段第一句可知,这些雌激素化学物质会对人类的荷尔蒙平衡产生负面影响。选项 B“它们也可能对人类健康造成同样的危害”符合语境。故选 B项。
③上文提到这些雌激素化学物质会对人类的荷尔蒙平衡产生负面影响。下文进一步提出纽约州立大学的一项研究发现了某种形式的微塑料污染,所以空后内容是对塑料水瓶危害的进一步说明。选项G“然而,塑料水瓶的潜在危险还不止于此”符合语境。故选G项。
④上文提到塑料含有的化学物质对人体有害,是塑料瓶本身的问题,结合本段关于细菌滋生地的说明可知,A项 “还要考虑细菌的因素”符合语境。故选A项。
⑤根据上文"为了喝水而不受伤害,聪明的饮用者应该避免重复使用一次性饮料瓶”可知,选项C“相反,他们应该在喝完一次后回收它们”符合语境。故选C项。
四、答案：① where② penguins③ in④ arrived⑤ attacking ⑥ were brought⑦ rapidly⑧ out⑨ released⑩ digging
解析：①考查定语从句的关系词。设空处应用关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a beautiful place。
②考查名词复数。根据后面的penguins和seals可知，应填penguin的复数形式。
③考查介词。in harmony with与……协调一致，故应填in。
④考查动词的时态。句意:然而，在1810年，人类带着大老鼠和老鼠来到了岛上。根据时间状语in 1810可知，本句时态应为一般过去时。
⑤考查非谓语动词。此处应用attacking与eating并列作伴随状语。
⑥考查时态和语态。句意:猫被带来控制大老鼠和老鼠，但它们也喜欢吃鸟。根据上下文可知，应用一般过去时，且Cats与bring之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。
⑦考查副词。设空处修饰动词increased,应填副词形式，故填rapidly。
⑧考查固定短语。die out灭绝。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意:一种病毒被释放到岛上，导致兔子数量减少，但是猫没有足够的兔子吃，就杀当地的鸟类作为食物。根据句意和句子结构可知， release和virus之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
⑩考查动名词。设空处作主语，应用动名词形式，故填digging。
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