外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 A delicate world Using Language课时作业（含答案）

Unit 5 Using Language
一、单词拼写
1.At the current rate of decrease, many rain forest animals could become _____(绝种的) in less than 10 years.
2.They are only doing what is necessary to prevent the destruction of _____(植物).
3.This substance will not _____(溶解) in water.
4.Plants draw minerals and other _____(养分) from the soil.
5.Our goal is to make a substantial _____(突破) in the field of agriculture.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
take in, break down, rely on, feed on
1.Caterpillars(毛虫) _____ a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.
2.You should _____ your methods so that each method does a particular job.
3.They _____ the weekly boat for their supplies of food in the past.
4.What we collected and _____ became the source material for the creation.
三、阅读理解
It is true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There is also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2012 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that, "The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity."
You may not believe that humans could change the planet's climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the earth's climate has always been changing due to "natural" factors(因素) such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth's going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere—not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it, "If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren't carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be "
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths—one with human influence and one without That obviously isn't possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
1. In most scientists' opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by _____.
A. solar activities B. volcanic activities C. natural factors D. human factors
2. The passage is developed by_____.
A. giving typical examples B. following the order of space
C. analyzing a theory and arguing it D. comparing and finding differences
3. We can reasonably know from the passage that _____.
A. "natural" factors also contribute to changes of earth's climate
B. greenhouse gases also have some benefits to the earth
C. there is another planet that is exactly the same as the earth
D. increasing temperature can not be proved with 100% certainty
4. Which of the following can be the best title
A. Are All the Scientists Really Scientific
B. Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to
C. Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming
D. What's Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases
四、语法填空
Around the end of the first century AD, a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he ①_____(witness) as a young man. The eruption had occurred on August 24th, 79 AD. The tragedy left ②_____ deep impression on Pliny ③_____ had lost an uncle in the eruption. However, more than 1,600 years later, some ④_____(science) found that the lost towns had been buried under the ash of Mount Vesuvius. Pompeii is like a "time capsule" ⑤_____(preserve) a frozen moment in history. ⑥_____ the eruption occurred, ⑦_____ had been a booming Roman city with temples, markets, restaurants and theaters. Today you can visit these buildings by walking along the ⑧_____(origin) streets of the city. And ⑨_____(many) than 250 years since excavations started, thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit Pompeii every year ⑩_____(learn) more about the ancient world.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：extinct
2.答案：vegetation
3.答案：dissolve
4.答案：nutrients
5.答案：breakthrough
二、答案：1.feed on 2.break down 3.relied on 4.took in
三、答案：1-4DCAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和最后一句可知,人类因素是气候变暖的主要原因。故选D项。
2.篇章结构题。纵观全文,第一段提出人类活动因素是全球气候变暖的主要原因。接着分析讨论为什么说人类活动可以导致气候变暖。文章按照先分析理论再论证的方式行文。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可推断出A项。 B和C找不到相应信息点;根据文章首句和文章最后一段可知D项也不符合。地球变暖是早已经被证实的,不能完全证实的是全球变暖是否是因为人类的活动。故选A项。
4.标题归纳题。文章开始提出人类活动因素导致了全球气候变暖,然后分析讨论为什么人类活动会导致全球气候变暖。文章通篇都贯穿“人类的活动”。C项“的确是人类造成了全球气候变暖吗 ”适合做文章标题。故选C项。
四、答案：①had witnessed ②a ③who ④scientists ⑤preserving ⑥Before ⑦it ⑧original ⑨more ⑩to learn
解析：①考查动词的时态。句意: 大约公元一世纪末, 一位名叫普林尼的罗马作家写了自己年轻时目睹的一次可怕的火山爆发。根据对句子结构的分析可知, 设空处作从句的谓语。因为动词witness发生在动词wrote之前, 所以要用过去完成时。故填had witnessed。
②考查冠词。此处是指那场悲剧给普林尼留下了深刻的印象。短语leave a deep impression on sb. 表示"给某人留下深刻的印象"。故填a。
③考查关系代词。句意: 那场悲剧给普林尼留下了深刻的印象, 在那场火山爆发中, 他失去了一个叔叔。根据对句子结构的分析可知, 设空处引导定语从句, 先行词是Pliny, 关系词指代人且在定语从句中作主语, 所以要用关系代词who。
④考查名词的复数。由语境可知, 此处表示"科学家", 且结合设空处前的some可知, 此处应用名词的复数形式。故填scientists。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意: 庞贝就像一个"时间胶囊", 保存着历史上一个冻结的时刻。preserve与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系, 所以应用v.-ing的形式。故填preserving。
⑥考查连词。句意: 在火山爆发之前, 它是一座繁荣的罗马城市, 这里有寺庙、市场、餐馆和剧院。根据句意可知应填Before。
⑦考查代词。设空处作主语, 要用人称代词it指代前面的名词Pompeii, 故填it。
⑧考查形容词。句意: 现在你可以沿着这座城市原来的街道漫步来参观这些建筑物。根据对句子结构的分析可知, 设空处应用形容词来修饰后面的名词streets。origin的形容词是original, 表示"原来的, 最初的", 符合语境。
⑨考查比较级。根据空后的than可知, 这里要用many的比较级more, 短语more than表示"多于, 超出"。
⑩考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知, 此处表示目的, 要用动词不定式to learn, 这里表示"为了了解"之意。
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