外研版(2019)选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the Unknown Using language课件 （共36张PPT）
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| 名称 | 外研版(2019)选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the Unknown Using language课件 （共36张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-17 21:03:31 | ||
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(共36张PPT)
UNIT 5
Into the unknown
---
Using language
1. Students could learn some words and phrases.
2. Students could get the main usage of this grammar.
3. Students could write sentences about this grammar.
Learning Aims:
Review: noun clauses
名词从句
Review: noun clauses
What is your understanding of this title？
Share with others
Brainstorming: Before learning this grammar, what ideas come to your mind
1. object clause
2. predicative clause
3. ...
Look at the sentences and answer the questions.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,
it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
b. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the
Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
c. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
Grammar: noun clauses
1. Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the subject of the sentence
Sentence c.
Why Maya civilisation collapsed(主语）remains a mystery.
2. Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the object of the sentence
Sentence a.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,
it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people(宾语).
3. Which sentence contains a clause that gives further information about the subject in the sentence
Sentence b.
But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the
Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
4. What do “how” , “what” and “why” in each sentence refer to
“how” : the extent of power of Ancient Maya civilisation’s secrets;
“what” ： it caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities;
“why” ：the reason that Maya civilisation collapsed.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
b. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
c. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
名
词
性
从
句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
按在主句中充当的成分分类
名词性从句
名词性从句(Noun clause)是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句
主语从句通常由下列词引导:
1)从属连词that、whether等;2)连接代词what、who、which、whatever、whoever、whom 、whichever等;3) 连接副词how、when、where、why 等。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词都在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，连接代词主要作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，连接副词在从句中作状语。注:whom、who指人，what指物，whatever、whoever表示泛指意义。例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
名词性从句
(1)It be+ 名词 + that从句
It's a great pity that they didn't get married.幸好你上了保险。
(2)It be + 形容词 + that从句
It's strange that there are no lights on.真奇怪，没有一盏灯是开着的。
(3)It be + 动词的过去分词+ 主语从句
It's said that he has been there many times.据说他去过那儿很多次。
(4)it引导的强调句结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其它部分。
eg:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语:It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
宾语从句
名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句。
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用"(should)+ 动词原形"。
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
宾语从句
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
3.可运用it做形式宾语。
①动词make, find ,think,feel,consider,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置，结构:S.+vt+it+adj./n.(宾语补足语)+o(宾语)。
I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我没去聚餐，感觉非常遗憾。
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it，这类动词主要是:hate,take,owe,have,see to
We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的。
表语从句
在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时用as if引导。
其基本结构为:主语+ 联系动词+ that从句
1.that 引导表语从句，无词义，只起连接作用，不可省。
2.联系动词可为be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
3.主语可为名词fact,truth,cause,question,explanation,trouble,assumption,belief等，代词this,that,these,it等。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
Raw material is what we are badly in need of.原材料是我们所急需的。
China is not what it used to be.中国已不是过去的中国了。
同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:
The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
There are many mysteries about dinosaurs to which we
long to find explanations. You may think that dinosaurs
were big, green and scaly, right In fact, it seems that
they appeared very different from 1____________ (think).
what we think
In recent years, scientists have worked out 2 _________
_________________________ (look): many of them were small with feathers. However, 3_______________ (have) feathers still isn’t clear — it might have been for communicating or for staying warm, but not just for flight. Scientists also believe that many dinosaurs had bright colours. It seems 4_______________ (depend on) their habitats. That is, dinosaurs which could fly would have had different colours to those living in the sea.
what they
looked like / how they looked
whether they had
that depended on
Flight instinct is our instinctive reaction to get away from a strange, unfamiliar or dangerous situation.
What is the flight instinct
When something strange or unfamiliar happens, the flight instinct
can kick in. Often, making a quick getaway is a sensible and
understandable natural response, dating back to a time when our
ancestors were running for their lives from dangers, such as wild
animals, lightning and fire. So while you may be tempted to check
out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation, it can
be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
kick in 开始生效 ; 起作用
getaway 逃跑，逃走 ;
understandable 合情理的 ; 可以理解的 ; 易懂的
natural response 自然反应 ;
date back to 追溯到
such as 例如 ;
tempt 引诱 ; 诱惑 ;
new situation 新形势 ; 新情况
steer clear of 避开
subdue征服
What’s the meaning of the underlined words
However, not everyone chooses to follow this instinct. Instead of
retreating to their caves, some of our ancestors chose to subdue
their fears and pursue the unknown – and this curiosity led them to,
for instance, discover the use of fire.
In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen
endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he
set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole – a region
of the planet ripe for exploration.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
Instead of 而不是 ; 代替，作为……的替换
some of 中的一些 ; 其中一些 ; 其中的一些
for instance 例如;譬如
Roald 罗尔德 ; 罗阿尔德
Amundsen 阿蒙森 ; 亚孟森
one of …之一
on Earth 在地球上 ; 地球上
set out 动身，出发，启程
South Pole 南极
ripe 成熟的
What other reactions could people have when facing the unknown
These reactions help humankind delve into the unknown and
advance towards a more progressive and civilised society. Of course,
exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into
the unknown, and it’s never wrong to think twice before taking
action. While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations,
we should always look into things first and consider our options.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
delve into 钻研 ; 探索
advance towards 向前进 ; 向推进
civilised 文明的
Of course 当然，自然 ; 当然
have to 不得不 ; 必须 ;
think twice 重新考虑;慎重考虑;思忖再三
there is no need 不必 ; 没有必要 ; 何必 ; 何须
for us 对我们来说 ; 对我们有利
shrink from 收缩 ; 退避
look into 考察，调查
Completing!
1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
Completing!
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
2.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.(NMET2001)
A.how B.after C.what D.when
Completing!
3. He asked ____ for a violin.(MET1992)
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
答案:D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
Completing!
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是"医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。"
4. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海2001年春季招生)
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
Completing!
答案B。根据句意"一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。"可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A. however 和D. whenever是不能作宾语的;排除A和D，whichever表示"无论哪一个，无论哪些"，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选 B.whatever，表示"无论什么"。
5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants. (NMET1997)
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
What other reactions could people have when facing the unknown
your opinions
... ...
technology
science
Try to think about others
Question
Talk with others.
Write your ideas.
1.
2.
3.
Thank you!
UNIT 5
Into the unknown
---
Using language
1. Students could learn some words and phrases.
2. Students could get the main usage of this grammar.
3. Students could write sentences about this grammar.
Learning Aims:
Review: noun clauses
名词从句
Review: noun clauses
What is your understanding of this title？
Share with others
Brainstorming: Before learning this grammar, what ideas come to your mind
1. object clause
2. predicative clause
3. ...
Look at the sentences and answer the questions.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,
it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
b. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the
Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
c. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
Grammar: noun clauses
1. Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the subject of the sentence
Sentence c.
Why Maya civilisation collapsed(主语）remains a mystery.
2. Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the object of the sentence
Sentence a.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,
it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people(宾语).
3. Which sentence contains a clause that gives further information about the subject in the sentence
Sentence b.
But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the
Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
4. What do “how” , “what” and “why” in each sentence refer to
“how” : the extent of power of Ancient Maya civilisation’s secrets;
“what” ： it caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities;
“why” ：the reason that Maya civilisation collapsed.
a. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
b. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
c. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
名
词
性
从
句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
按在主句中充当的成分分类
名词性从句
名词性从句(Noun clause)是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句
主语从句通常由下列词引导:
1)从属连词that、whether等;2)连接代词what、who、which、whatever、whoever、whom 、whichever等;3) 连接副词how、when、where、why 等。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词都在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，连接代词主要作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，连接副词在从句中作状语。注:whom、who指人，what指物，whatever、whoever表示泛指意义。例如:
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Who will win the match is still unknown. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
名词性从句
(1)It be+ 名词 + that从句
It's a great pity that they didn't get married.幸好你上了保险。
(2)It be + 形容词 + that从句
It's strange that there are no lights on.真奇怪，没有一盏灯是开着的。
(3)It be + 动词的过去分词+ 主语从句
It's said that he has been there many times.据说他去过那儿很多次。
(4)it引导的强调句结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其它部分。
eg:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调主语:It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
宾语从句
名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句。
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
注意:在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用"(should)+ 动词原形"。
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
宾语从句
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
3.可运用it做形式宾语。
①动词make, find ,think,feel,consider,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置，结构:S.+vt+it+adj./n.(宾语补足语)+o(宾语)。
I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我没去聚餐，感觉非常遗憾。
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it，这类动词主要是:hate,take,owe,have,see to
We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的。
表语从句
在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后，有时用as if引导。
其基本结构为:主语+ 联系动词+ that从句
1.that 引导表语从句，无词义，只起连接作用，不可省。
2.联系动词可为be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
3.主语可为名词fact,truth,cause,question,explanation,trouble,assumption,belief等，代词this,that,these,it等。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
Raw material is what we are badly in need of.原材料是我们所急需的。
China is not what it used to be.中国已不是过去的中国了。
同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如:
The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
There are many mysteries about dinosaurs to which we
long to find explanations. You may think that dinosaurs
were big, green and scaly, right In fact, it seems that
they appeared very different from 1____________ (think).
what we think
In recent years, scientists have worked out 2 _________
_________________________ (look): many of them were small with feathers. However, 3_______________ (have) feathers still isn’t clear — it might have been for communicating or for staying warm, but not just for flight. Scientists also believe that many dinosaurs had bright colours. It seems 4_______________ (depend on) their habitats. That is, dinosaurs which could fly would have had different colours to those living in the sea.
what they
looked like / how they looked
whether they had
that depended on
Flight instinct is our instinctive reaction to get away from a strange, unfamiliar or dangerous situation.
What is the flight instinct
When something strange or unfamiliar happens, the flight instinct
can kick in. Often, making a quick getaway is a sensible and
understandable natural response, dating back to a time when our
ancestors were running for their lives from dangers, such as wild
animals, lightning and fire. So while you may be tempted to check
out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation, it can
be safer to steer clear of the unfamiliar.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
kick in 开始生效 ; 起作用
getaway 逃跑，逃走 ;
understandable 合情理的 ; 可以理解的 ; 易懂的
natural response 自然反应 ;
date back to 追溯到
such as 例如 ;
tempt 引诱 ; 诱惑 ;
new situation 新形势 ; 新情况
steer clear of 避开
subdue征服
What’s the meaning of the underlined words
However, not everyone chooses to follow this instinct. Instead of
retreating to their caves, some of our ancestors chose to subdue
their fears and pursue the unknown – and this curiosity led them to,
for instance, discover the use of fire.
In more recent times, Norwegian explorer, Roald Amundsen
endured one of the most hostile environments on Earth when he
set out into uncharted territory to reach the South Pole – a region
of the planet ripe for exploration.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
Instead of 而不是 ; 代替，作为……的替换
some of 中的一些 ; 其中一些 ; 其中的一些
for instance 例如;譬如
Roald 罗尔德 ; 罗阿尔德
Amundsen 阿蒙森 ; 亚孟森
one of …之一
on Earth 在地球上 ; 地球上
set out 动身，出发，启程
South Pole 南极
ripe 成熟的
What other reactions could people have when facing the unknown
These reactions help humankind delve into the unknown and
advance towards a more progressive and civilised society. Of course,
exploration doesn’t have to mean blindly throwing ourselves into
the unknown, and it’s never wrong to think twice before taking
action. While there is no need for us to shrink from new situations,
we should always look into things first and consider our options.
Take notes quickly！
重点词汇
delve into 钻研 ; 探索
advance towards 向前进 ; 向推进
civilised 文明的
Of course 当然，自然 ; 当然
have to 不得不 ; 必须 ;
think twice 重新考虑;慎重考虑;思忖再三
there is no need 不必 ; 没有必要 ; 何必 ; 何须
for us 对我们来说 ; 对我们有利
shrink from 收缩 ; 退避
look into 考察，调查
Completing!
1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995)
A. There B. This C. That D. It
答案D。当名词从句在句中作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语从句放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无实义。此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.
Completing!
答案C。从句子结构可知，句子的空白处应该填引导宾语从句的连词，做主句谓语动词do的宾语，同时该连接词还是从句中的do的宾语，因此，此处的连接词应该用what。
2.A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do.(NMET2001)
A.how B.after C.what D.when
Completing!
3. He asked ____ for a violin.(MET1992)
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
答案:D。宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，句子语序要用陈述语序。
Completing!
答案C。这是一个表语从句。根据 doubt一词可知，所怀疑的应是是否能治好病，所以要填whether。这句话的意思是"医生真的怀疑我妈妈是否能很快从重病中恢复过来。"
4. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(上海2001年春季招生)
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
Completing!
答案B。根据句意"一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不好的。"可以看出后面的从句应是一个宾语从句，而从句中wants缺少宾语，A. however 和D. whenever是不能作宾语的;排除A和D，whichever表示"无论哪一个，无论哪些"，应表示一定范围内的人或物，此处没有涉及事物的范围，所以应选 B.whatever，表示"无论什么"。
5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants. (NMET1997)
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
What other reactions could people have when facing the unknown
your opinions
... ...
technology
science
Try to think about others
Question
Talk with others.
Write your ideas.
1.
2.
3.
Thank you!