2023届上海市部分区高三下学期4月二模英语试卷汇编：六选四专题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届上海市部分区高三下学期4月二模英语试卷汇编：六选四专题（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-04-18 00:00:50 | ||
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上海市部分区2023届高三下学期4月二模英语解析版试卷分类汇编
六选四专题
2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Tailor Vitamin C intake to your weight. The subjects who couldn’t perform this had a higher risk of death. Vitamin C supplements are always safe and effective for everyone. Regular exercise can improve your balance and reduce the risk of falls. Both are harmless and don’t require treatment unless their appearance is an issue. F. But these products can contain a large amount of salicylic acid (水杨酸) and could leave you with permanent scars.
News From The
World of Medicine
The balance challenge
Can you stand on one leg for ten seconds This question could help doctors assess the overall health of their middle-aged and older patients, argues a Brazilian-led study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. (67) ____________________ During a follow-up period of seven years, the researchers drew the above conclusion after accounting for basic factors like age and sex.
Besides causing falls, poor balance can also signal underlying medical issues, such as declining eyesight or nerve damage caused by diabetes (糖尿病). Much like grasp strength and walking speed, balancing ability doesn’t tell the whole story of your health, but it’s a useful clue.
Don’t remove skin tags and moles yourself.
Two of the most common types of skin spots among adults are dark spots known as moles and the growths known as skin tags. (68) ____________________
In some places, mole- and skin-tag removal kits are sold for home use. (69) ____________________ US FDA recently issued a warning about these kits after receiving reports about consumers who had injured themselves. You’re better off visiting a dermatologist, who are experts in treating skin diseases. Plus, they can perform the all-important screening for skin cancer.
(70) ____________________
Researchers from New Zealand recommend a 60-kilogram person consume 110 milligrams of vitamin C per day through a balanced diet, while someone weighing 90 kilograms needs 140 milligrams. That is to say, when taking vitamin C, it’s best to take your weight into account. Eating foods like oranges—which contain on average 70 milligrams of vitamin C each—can really help.
2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C (8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B. For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. C. But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. D. Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. E. There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. F. Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality.
Bedtime Rituals
At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. _____________67_____________ Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual—that is, if you do them every night around the same time—you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need.
A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes. _____________68_____________ Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning.
_____________69_____________ Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day. If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath.
Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up (蜷曲) under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. _____________70_____________
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
You’re enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish, chatting with your friends. Being the responsible person that you are, when you’re finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage, including your disposable (一次性的) chopsticks. These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. ______67______ Turns out we can.
For those consuming Asian food, using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature. It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world’s population uses chopsticks on a daily basis. Not all of those are disposable, but no doubt many are. Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. ______68______
Enter Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects, and he had a particular interest in bamboo. One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend’s house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks, and an idea began to form in his mind.
Bock’s smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations. He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He also designed a method to clean and sanitize (消毒) the chopsticks so that they could be reused. ______69______ The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products. Bock’s company, called ChopValue, has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations, desktops, cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes (多米诺骨牌).
Since 2016 when the company was founded, ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource. Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, “Frankly, I’m frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us.” ______70______
A．It doesn’t take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable.
B．What do you think of this phenomenon
C．Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky.
D．Hopefully, such issues could be resolved as soon as possible.
E．But what if we could recycle them
F．Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.
2023届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
The Enduring Appeal of Peter Rabbit
“I don’t know what to write to you, so I shall tell you a story about four little rabbits, whose names were Flopsy, Mopsy, Cottontail and Peter,” wrote Beatrix Potter, an English writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist in 1893, in a letter to a little boy who was suffering from a serious infectious disease.
Like many children-story authors, Potter was not a writer by profession. Her chief enthusiasm was natural history. Childhood family holidays in Perthshire and the Lake District had given her the freedom to experience the natural world first-hand. ___67___ Owing to Potter’s illustrations, the humanized rabbits seemed to exist in a recognizably real place. As Potter once admitted, the “careful botanical studies of my youth” informed the reality of her fantasy drawings. ___68___ In these images, Peter in the vegetable garden ate radishes (萝卜) or jumped off the wall.
The Tale of Peter Rabbit was first published by Frederick Warne in 1902. ___69___ However, Warne disagreed. Only after Potter had the book privately published did Warne change his mind. It was an immediate success, much to Potter’s surprise. “The public must be fond of rabbits! What a shocking quantity of Peter,” she said. The original tales, under the Warne imprint, are still available today.
___70___ In 1903, she registered a Peter Rabbit doll, making him the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. After that, there were licensed wallpapers, board games and painting books. She earned large amounts of money. After her death, almost all her property was left to the National Trust.
A．Potter surely had a business mind.
B．A decade later, with slight adjustments, the lines formed the opening to what became the bestselling.
C．It was this experience that gave Peter Rabbit its unique atmosphere of believable wonder.
D．Potter was determined that the book should be small enough to fit into a child’s hands and inexpensive.
E．She spent holidays in the Lake District, developing a love of landscape, which she closely observed and painted.
F．Though her later stories would contain more strikingly detailed illustrations, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has charming pictures of its naughty hero.
2023届上海市杨浦区高考二模英语试题
Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
20．
A.As that reduces effort over a sustained period，it could result in even more significant negative effects. B.Before receiving the text，half the participants were asked to think about the different ways they could obtain free food，should they fail to earn the snack. C.But participants asked to brainstorm other things before unscrambling sentences did just fine. D.However，the costs of making backup plans haven't previously been examined. E.If you prepare for failure，you may be more likely to fail. F.They might not have been aware of this shift in their mindset while working，but they were less motivated.
Making a Backup Plan Weakens Performance
There are certainly important benefits to making backup plans.One is the psychological comfort it brings：People think， "I'm going to be Okay，even if I fail because I can then do X or Y." Another benefit is that if you fail，you won't keep thinking about it；you can quickly implement your backup plan. （1） Jihae Shin of Wisconsin School of Business believes that acknowledging the costs and benefits can lead to better and more informed decision making.
She gave 160 university students a sentence﹣unscrambling（理清句子）task and promised an energy bar to those who performed it well.（2） People encouraged to think about those backup plans unscrambled significantly fewer sentences on average than people who hadn't been asked to formulate a plan B.
In the follow﹣up experiment，Shin took the same approach but offered people different rewards﹣an extra dollar. "We think that when achieving a goal requires work，not luck，making a backup plan can hurt performance by reducing the desire for the goal." said professor Shin. "In the third studying which participants were asked about how much they wanted the promised reward of one dollar，those who had been asked to think through backup plans reported that they wanted the cash less than others. （3） So they put in less effort which hurt their results.
The participants in the lab studies spent less than 10 minutes，thinking about their backup plans﹣﹣a tiny investment of their attention ﹣﹣yet it significantly affected their motivation and performance on goal pursuit.In real life when the stakes are higher，people would be expected to devote more time and energy to mapping out the detailed backup plans.（4）
The practical advice from the researchers is：Hold off on making back up plans until you've put as much effort as possible into your primary goal.
参考答案
2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题
67．B
68．E
69．F
70．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是来自于医学领域的三个新闻消息。
67．
根据空后的“During a follow-up period of seven years, the researchers drew the above conclusion after accounting for basic factors like age and sex.(在7年的随访期间，研究人员在考虑了年龄和性别等基本因素后得出了上述结论)”可知，研究者基于年龄和性别等基本因素得出了以上的研究结论，由此可推断，此空处应为对研究对象研究后的结论，B选项“The subjects who couldn’t perform this had a higher risk of death.(无法做到这一点的受试者死亡风险更高。)”讲述的为研究后得出的结论，符合题意，内容与本段吻合。故选B项。
68．
根据空前的“Two of the most common types of skin spots among adults are dark spots known as moles and the growths known as skin tags.(成年人最常见的两种皮肤斑点是黑斑，即痣，以及生长的皮赘。)”可知，成年人中有两种常见的皮肤斑，E选项“Both are harmless and don’t require treatment unless their appearance is an issue.(两者都是无害的，不需要治疗，除非它们的外观有问题。)”讲述的是两种皮肤斑的性质，与空前的内容吻合。故选E项。
69．
根据空前的“In some places, mole- and skin-tag removal kits are sold for home use.(在一些地方，家庭使用的去除痣和皮肤赘的工具也有售。)”可知，有出售治疗这两种斑的套装，根据空后的“US FDA recently issued a warning about these kits after receiving reports about consumers who had injured themselves.(美国食品药品监督管理局在收到消费者受伤的报告后，最近对这些工具包发出了警告。)”可知，美国的FDA收到一些治疗受伤的报告并对这些试剂发出警告，由此可推断，此空处讲述的内容与治疗两种斑出现了问题相关，F选项“But these products can contain a large amount of salicylic acid (水杨酸) and could leave you with permanent scars.(但这些产品含有大量的水杨酸，可能会给你留下永久性的疤痕。)”讲述的是这些产品会给消费者留下永久的疤痕，起到承上启下的作用，且内容与本段吻合。故选F项。
70．
分析篇章结构特点可知，此处应为本段的小标题，根据空格后的“Researchers from New Zealand recommend a 60-kilogram person consume 110 milligrams of vitamin C per day through a balanced diet, while someone weighing 90 kilograms needs 140 milligrams.(新西兰的研究人员建议，体重60公斤的人每天通过均衡饮食摄入110毫克的维生素C，而体重90公斤的人每天需要140毫克。)”可知，该段讲述的内容与摄入维生素C有关系，A选项“Tailor Vitamin C intake to your weight.(根据您的体重调整维生素 C 摄入量。)”讲述的为根据体重调整维生素C的摄入量，内容与本段吻合，且概括段落的主题。故选A项。
2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷
47．C
48．A
49．E
50．D
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。
47．
上文“At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.”（在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫在电视机前看一集你最喜欢的节目。）说明静止的放松方式。下文“Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep.”（坐下来喝一杯柠檬茶或读一本书可以告诉你的身体是时候睡觉了。）说明睡前的具体的活动。故可推知空格处为睡前建议做一些活动。结合选项，C项But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better.（但在睡前做一些活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选C项。
48．
上文“If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.”（如果你现在的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前仪式可以帮助你做出必要的改变。）可知，睡前仪式的作用。结合选项，A项Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety.（睡前仪式也可以帮助你减少焦虑。）也是讲的关于睡前仪式的作用，与上文意思一致，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
49．
由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文“Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.”（在确定一个固定的作息时间之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么适合你。根据你的需要和喜好，从两到三个活动开始。）可知，本段讲的是根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。结合选项，E项There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual.（完美的睡前仪式没有固定的模式。）为总结该段内容。故选E项。
50．
根据上文“Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.”（无论你的睡前仪式是在床上还是在其他地方，确保你的环境是放松的。穿上舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下，把灯光调暗。）可知，讲的是睡前的准备过程。结合选项D项Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready.（然后当你要入睡的时候，你就准备好了。）可知，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
67．E
68．A
69．C
70．F
【导语】
本文是说明文。主要讲述了菲利克斯·博克想办法对一次性筷子回收利用，说明每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情。
67．
根据后文“Turns out we can.(事实证明我们可以)”可推知，空处应是提出一件事，然后才说我们可以，根据前文“These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe.(这些筷子和世界各地的其他筷子一起被扔进了垃圾填埋场)”可知，本文在讲一次性筷子处理问题，所以E项“But what if we could recycle them (但如果我们可以回收它们呢 )”符合题意。故选E项。
68．
分析设空可知，空处位于第二段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year.(据估计，全世界每年使用的一次性筷子多达800亿支)”可知A项“It doesn’t take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable.(不需要环保主义者也能意识到这种做法是不可持续的)”是对前文的总结。故选A项。
69．
根据前文“He also designed a method to clean and sanitize the chopsticks so that they could be reused.(他还设计了一种清洁和消毒筷子的方法，这样筷子就可以重复使用)”和后文“The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products.(然后，这些方形的物品被艺术地排列成家用和办公产品)”可知，前文没有提到方形这个概念，所以应该是在空处提出的，所以C项“Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky.(然后他把它们压成方形，涂上一层粘稠的东西)”符合题意。故选C项。
70．
分析设空可知，空处位于最后一段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, “Frankly, I’m frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us.”(博克在接受《全球震动》(Global Shakers)采访时表示:“坦率地说，每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情，这让我感到沮丧。”)”可知，F项“Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.(有时，就像筷子一样，这些材料就在我们的鼻子底下)”是对前文的总结，其中in front of us和under our very noses是同义替换。故选F项。
2023届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题
67．C
68．F
69．D
70．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Beatrix Potter的个人经历以及这种经历对她创作The Tale of Peter Rabbit影响。
67．
空格前的句子“Childhood family holidays in Perthshire and the Lake District had given her the freedom to experience the natural world first-hand.”（儿时在佩思郡和湖区的家庭度假给了她亲身体验自然世界的自由）”是说儿时经历对Beatrix Potter的影响，而C项“It was this experience that gave Peter Rabbit its unique atmosphere of believable wonder.”（正是这段经历给了彼得兔一种独特的、令人信服的奇妙氛围）正好提到这种经历对Beatrix Potter创作的影响，C项中的this experience就是指上一句提到的Beatrix Potter的经历，所以C项填入空格处和上文是顺接关系。故选C项。
68．
空格后的句子“In these images, Peter in the vegetable garden ate radishes or jumped off the wall.”（在这些图片中，Peter在菜园里吃萝卜或从墙上跳下来）提到了“these images”和“Peter”，所以空格处的句子也应该提到这两者，而F项“Though her later stories would contain more strikingly detailed illustrations, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has charming pictures of its naughty hero.”（尽管她后来的故事中有更引人注目的详细插图，但The Tale of Peter Rabbit中有顽皮的主人公迷人的照片）提到的“Peter”和“charming pictures of its naughty hero”和下一句中的“Peter”和“these images”是对应的，所以F项填入空格处和下文是顺接关系。故选F项。
69．
空格后的句子“However, Warne disagreed.”（然而，Warne不同意）是说，Warne不同意某种观点或做法，所以空格处的句子肯定应该提到某人的观点或做法，而D项“Potter was determined that the book should be small enough to fit into a child’s hands and inexpensive.”（Potter下定决心要让这本书既小到能放进孩子手里，又不贵）正是Potter对The Tale of Peter Rabbit这本书的想法，所以D项填入空格处和下一句正好是转折关系。故选D项。
70．
空格处的句子应该是该段的主题句。空格后的部分“In 1903, she registered a Peter Rabbit doll, making him the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. After that, there were licensed wallpapers, board games and painting books. She earned large amounts of money. After her death, almost all her property was left to the National Trust.”（1903年，她注册了一个彼得兔娃娃，使他成为第一个被制成专利填充玩具的虚构人物。在那之后，有了授权壁纸、棋盘游戏和绘画书。她赚了很多钱。她死后，几乎所有的财产都留给了国家信托基金）是说Beatrix Potter充分利用Peter Rabbit这一角色的商业价值，赚了很多钱，这说明Beatrix Potter很有商业头脑，所以A项“Potter surely had a business mind.”（Potter当然有商业头脑） 填入空格处，作为该段的主题句，可以引领全段。故选A项。
2023届上海市杨浦区高考二模英语试题
20．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了制定备份计划会影响人们追求目标的动机和表现，因此研究人员认为在你为主要目标付出尽可能多的努力之前，先不要制定备份计划。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据上文There are certainly important benefits to making backup plans.One is the psychological comfort it brings：People think， "I'm going to be Okay，even if I fail because I can then do X or Y." Another benefit is that if you fail，you won't keep thinking about it；you can quickly implement your backup plan.（制定备份计划当然有很多好处。一是它带来的心理安慰：人们会想，"即使我失败了，我也会好起来的，因为我可以做X或y。"另一个好处是，如果你失败了，你不会一直想它；你可以迅速实施你的备份计划。）以及下文Jihae Shin of Wisconsin School of Business believes that acknowledging the costs and benefits can lead to better and more informed decision making..（威斯康星商学院的Jihae Shin认为，承认成本和收益有助于做出更好、更明智的决策。）可知，上下文构成转折关系，制定备份计划虽然有很多好处，但是需要考虑其成本。故D项"然而，制定备份计划的成本之前没有被研究过。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的the costs与下文中的the costs一致。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文She gave 160 university students a sentence﹣unscrambling（理清句子）task and promised an energy bar to those who performed it well.（她给160名大学生布置了一项句子整理任务，并承诺给那些完成得好的人一根能量棒。）以及下文People encouraged to think about those backup plans unscrambled significantly fewer sentences on average than people who hadn't been asked to formulate a plan B.（被鼓励考虑备用计划的人比没有被要求制定B计划的人平均能整理的句子要少得多。）可知，此处应该谈论"整理句子"任务的实验结果。故C项"但是被要求在整理句子之前头脑风暴其他事情的参与者表现得很好。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的unscrambling sentences与上文中的sentence﹣unscrambling一致。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文In the third studying which participants were asked about how much they wanted the promised reward of one dollar，those who had been asked to think through backup plans reported that they wanted the cash less than others.（在第三项研究中，参与者被问及他们对承诺的一美元奖励有多想要，那些被要求考虑备用计划的人报告说，他们比其他人更想要现金。）以及下文So they put in less effort which hurt their results.（所以他们投入较少的努力，这影响了他们的结果。）可知，空处与下文构成因果关系。故F项"他们在工作时可能没有意识到这种心态的转变，但他们的积极性降低了。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的less motivated与下文中的less effort对应。故选F。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文The participants in the lab studies spent less than 10 minutes，thinking about their backup plans﹣﹣a tiny investment of their attention ﹣﹣yet it significantly affected their motivation and performance on goal pursuit.In real life when the stakes are higher，people would be expected to devote more time and energy to mapping out the detailed backup plans.（实验室研究的参与者花了不到10分钟的时间来考虑他们的后备计划﹣﹣这只是他们注意力的一小部分投资﹣﹣但却极大地影响了他们追求目标的动机和表现。在现实生活中，当风险更高时，人们会被期望投入更多的时间和精力来制定详细的备份计划。）可知，现实生活中制定备用计划成本会更高，故A项"由于这会在一段时间内减少努力，可能会导致更严重的负面影响。"承接上文，符合语境。选项中的significant negative effects与上文中的significantly affected对应。故选A。
【点评】六选四阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
六选四专题
2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Tailor Vitamin C intake to your weight. The subjects who couldn’t perform this had a higher risk of death. Vitamin C supplements are always safe and effective for everyone. Regular exercise can improve your balance and reduce the risk of falls. Both are harmless and don’t require treatment unless their appearance is an issue. F. But these products can contain a large amount of salicylic acid (水杨酸) and could leave you with permanent scars.
News From The
World of Medicine
The balance challenge
Can you stand on one leg for ten seconds This question could help doctors assess the overall health of their middle-aged and older patients, argues a Brazilian-led study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. (67) ____________________ During a follow-up period of seven years, the researchers drew the above conclusion after accounting for basic factors like age and sex.
Besides causing falls, poor balance can also signal underlying medical issues, such as declining eyesight or nerve damage caused by diabetes (糖尿病). Much like grasp strength and walking speed, balancing ability doesn’t tell the whole story of your health, but it’s a useful clue.
Don’t remove skin tags and moles yourself.
Two of the most common types of skin spots among adults are dark spots known as moles and the growths known as skin tags. (68) ____________________
In some places, mole- and skin-tag removal kits are sold for home use. (69) ____________________ US FDA recently issued a warning about these kits after receiving reports about consumers who had injured themselves. You’re better off visiting a dermatologist, who are experts in treating skin diseases. Plus, they can perform the all-important screening for skin cancer.
(70) ____________________
Researchers from New Zealand recommend a 60-kilogram person consume 110 milligrams of vitamin C per day through a balanced diet, while someone weighing 90 kilograms needs 140 milligrams. That is to say, when taking vitamin C, it’s best to take your weight into account. Eating foods like oranges—which contain on average 70 milligrams of vitamin C each—can really help.
2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C (8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety. B. For adults, bedtime rituals typically last 30 minutes to an hour. C. But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better. D. Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready. E. There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual. F. Evidence indicates that people who read a book in bed have better sleep quality.
Bedtime Rituals
At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show. _____________67_____________ Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep. If you turn these activities into a ritual—that is, if you do them every night around the same time—you will be all the more likely to get the rest you need.
A bedtime ritual is important not only because it prepares you for sleep but also because it helps establish healthy sleep habits. If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes. _____________68_____________ Worry can make it hard to fall asleep at night, but for some people, anxiety at bedtime is common. Rituals can provide comfort by offering predictability and structure. Some rituals, such as journaling, might also relieve anxiety by giving the writer a fresh perspective or sense of meaning.
_____________69_____________ Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences. If you enjoy exercise and movement, try yoga or gentle stretching. If you find comfort in order, create a to-do list for the next day. If classical music calms you, turn on some Bach or Mozart enjoying a bath.
Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up (蜷曲) under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low. _____________70_____________
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
You’re enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish, chatting with your friends. Being the responsible person that you are, when you’re finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage, including your disposable (一次性的) chopsticks. These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. ______67______ Turns out we can.
For those consuming Asian food, using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature. It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world’s population uses chopsticks on a daily basis. Not all of those are disposable, but no doubt many are. Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. ______68______
Enter Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects, and he had a particular interest in bamboo. One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend’s house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks, and an idea began to form in his mind.
Bock’s smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations. He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He also designed a method to clean and sanitize (消毒) the chopsticks so that they could be reused. ______69______ The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products. Bock’s company, called ChopValue, has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations, desktops, cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes (多米诺骨牌).
Since 2016 when the company was founded, ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource. Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, “Frankly, I’m frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us.” ______70______
A．It doesn’t take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable.
B．What do you think of this phenomenon
C．Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky.
D．Hopefully, such issues could be resolved as soon as possible.
E．But what if we could recycle them
F．Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.
2023届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
The Enduring Appeal of Peter Rabbit
“I don’t know what to write to you, so I shall tell you a story about four little rabbits, whose names were Flopsy, Mopsy, Cottontail and Peter,” wrote Beatrix Potter, an English writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist in 1893, in a letter to a little boy who was suffering from a serious infectious disease.
Like many children-story authors, Potter was not a writer by profession. Her chief enthusiasm was natural history. Childhood family holidays in Perthshire and the Lake District had given her the freedom to experience the natural world first-hand. ___67___ Owing to Potter’s illustrations, the humanized rabbits seemed to exist in a recognizably real place. As Potter once admitted, the “careful botanical studies of my youth” informed the reality of her fantasy drawings. ___68___ In these images, Peter in the vegetable garden ate radishes (萝卜) or jumped off the wall.
The Tale of Peter Rabbit was first published by Frederick Warne in 1902. ___69___ However, Warne disagreed. Only after Potter had the book privately published did Warne change his mind. It was an immediate success, much to Potter’s surprise. “The public must be fond of rabbits! What a shocking quantity of Peter,” she said. The original tales, under the Warne imprint, are still available today.
___70___ In 1903, she registered a Peter Rabbit doll, making him the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. After that, there were licensed wallpapers, board games and painting books. She earned large amounts of money. After her death, almost all her property was left to the National Trust.
A．Potter surely had a business mind.
B．A decade later, with slight adjustments, the lines formed the opening to what became the bestselling.
C．It was this experience that gave Peter Rabbit its unique atmosphere of believable wonder.
D．Potter was determined that the book should be small enough to fit into a child’s hands and inexpensive.
E．She spent holidays in the Lake District, developing a love of landscape, which she closely observed and painted.
F．Though her later stories would contain more strikingly detailed illustrations, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has charming pictures of its naughty hero.
2023届上海市杨浦区高考二模英语试题
Section C Directions： Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
20．
A.As that reduces effort over a sustained period，it could result in even more significant negative effects. B.Before receiving the text，half the participants were asked to think about the different ways they could obtain free food，should they fail to earn the snack. C.But participants asked to brainstorm other things before unscrambling sentences did just fine. D.However，the costs of making backup plans haven't previously been examined. E.If you prepare for failure，you may be more likely to fail. F.They might not have been aware of this shift in their mindset while working，but they were less motivated.
Making a Backup Plan Weakens Performance
There are certainly important benefits to making backup plans.One is the psychological comfort it brings：People think， "I'm going to be Okay，even if I fail because I can then do X or Y." Another benefit is that if you fail，you won't keep thinking about it；you can quickly implement your backup plan. （1） Jihae Shin of Wisconsin School of Business believes that acknowledging the costs and benefits can lead to better and more informed decision making.
She gave 160 university students a sentence﹣unscrambling（理清句子）task and promised an energy bar to those who performed it well.（2） People encouraged to think about those backup plans unscrambled significantly fewer sentences on average than people who hadn't been asked to formulate a plan B.
In the follow﹣up experiment，Shin took the same approach but offered people different rewards﹣an extra dollar. "We think that when achieving a goal requires work，not luck，making a backup plan can hurt performance by reducing the desire for the goal." said professor Shin. "In the third studying which participants were asked about how much they wanted the promised reward of one dollar，those who had been asked to think through backup plans reported that they wanted the cash less than others. （3） So they put in less effort which hurt their results.
The participants in the lab studies spent less than 10 minutes，thinking about their backup plans﹣﹣a tiny investment of their attention ﹣﹣yet it significantly affected their motivation and performance on goal pursuit.In real life when the stakes are higher，people would be expected to devote more time and energy to mapping out the detailed backup plans.（4）
The practical advice from the researchers is：Hold off on making back up plans until you've put as much effort as possible into your primary goal.
参考答案
2023届上海市金山区高考二模英语试题
67．B
68．E
69．F
70．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是来自于医学领域的三个新闻消息。
67．
根据空后的“During a follow-up period of seven years, the researchers drew the above conclusion after accounting for basic factors like age and sex.(在7年的随访期间，研究人员在考虑了年龄和性别等基本因素后得出了上述结论)”可知，研究者基于年龄和性别等基本因素得出了以上的研究结论，由此可推断，此空处应为对研究对象研究后的结论，B选项“The subjects who couldn’t perform this had a higher risk of death.(无法做到这一点的受试者死亡风险更高。)”讲述的为研究后得出的结论，符合题意，内容与本段吻合。故选B项。
68．
根据空前的“Two of the most common types of skin spots among adults are dark spots known as moles and the growths known as skin tags.(成年人最常见的两种皮肤斑点是黑斑，即痣，以及生长的皮赘。)”可知，成年人中有两种常见的皮肤斑，E选项“Both are harmless and don’t require treatment unless their appearance is an issue.(两者都是无害的，不需要治疗，除非它们的外观有问题。)”讲述的是两种皮肤斑的性质，与空前的内容吻合。故选E项。
69．
根据空前的“In some places, mole- and skin-tag removal kits are sold for home use.(在一些地方，家庭使用的去除痣和皮肤赘的工具也有售。)”可知，有出售治疗这两种斑的套装，根据空后的“US FDA recently issued a warning about these kits after receiving reports about consumers who had injured themselves.(美国食品药品监督管理局在收到消费者受伤的报告后，最近对这些工具包发出了警告。)”可知，美国的FDA收到一些治疗受伤的报告并对这些试剂发出警告，由此可推断，此空处讲述的内容与治疗两种斑出现了问题相关，F选项“But these products can contain a large amount of salicylic acid (水杨酸) and could leave you with permanent scars.(但这些产品含有大量的水杨酸，可能会给你留下永久性的疤痕。)”讲述的是这些产品会给消费者留下永久的疤痕，起到承上启下的作用，且内容与本段吻合。故选F项。
70．
分析篇章结构特点可知，此处应为本段的小标题，根据空格后的“Researchers from New Zealand recommend a 60-kilogram person consume 110 milligrams of vitamin C per day through a balanced diet, while someone weighing 90 kilograms needs 140 milligrams.(新西兰的研究人员建议，体重60公斤的人每天通过均衡饮食摄入110毫克的维生素C，而体重90公斤的人每天需要140毫克。)”可知，该段讲述的内容与摄入维生素C有关系，A选项“Tailor Vitamin C intake to your weight.(根据您的体重调整维生素 C 摄入量。)”讲述的为根据体重调整维生素C的摄入量，内容与本段吻合，且概括段落的主题。故选A项。
2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷
47．C
48．A
49．E
50．D
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡前仪式以及它的重要性。
47．
上文“At the end of a long day, you might want to collapse in front of the TV and watch an episode of your favorite show.”（在漫长的一天结束时，你可能想瘫在电视机前看一集你最喜欢的节目。）说明静止的放松方式。下文“Settling down with a cup of lemon tea or reading a book can tell your body it’s time to sleep.”（坐下来喝一杯柠檬茶或读一本书可以告诉你的身体是时候睡觉了。）说明睡前的具体的活动。故可推知空格处为睡前建议做一些活动。结合选项，C项But engaging in some bedtime activities could actually help you sleep better.（但在睡前做一些活动实际上可以帮助你睡得更好。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选C项。
48．
上文“If your current habits don’t support good sleep, a bedtime ritual can help you make necessary changes.”（如果你现在的习惯不支持良好的睡眠，睡前仪式可以帮助你做出必要的改变。）可知，睡前仪式的作用。结合选项，A项Bedtime rituals can also help you reduce anxiety.（睡前仪式也可以帮助你减少焦虑。）也是讲的关于睡前仪式的作用，与上文意思一致，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
49．
由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文“Consider trying several bedtime rituals before settling on a consistent routine. What’s important is figuring out what works for you. Start out with two or three activities according to your needs and preferences.”（在确定一个固定的作息时间之前，可以考虑尝试几个睡前仪式。重要的是弄清楚什么适合你。根据你的需要和喜好，从两到三个活动开始。）可知，本段讲的是根据你的需要和喜好确定一个睡前仪式，即没有一个固定的模式。结合选项，E项There’s no fixed format for the perfect bedtime ritual.（完美的睡前仪式没有固定的模式。）为总结该段内容。故选E项。
50．
根据上文“Whether your bedtime ritual takes place in bed or somewhere else, make sure your environment is relaxing. Wear comfortable clothes or pajamas, curl up under a cozy blanket, and keep the lights low.”（无论你的睡前仪式是在床上还是在其他地方，确保你的环境是放松的。穿上舒适的衣服或睡衣，蜷缩在舒适的毯子下，把灯光调暗。）可知，讲的是睡前的准备过程。结合选项D项Then when the time comes to fall asleep, you’ll be ready.（然后当你要入睡的时候，你就准备好了。）可知，为上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
67．E
68．A
69．C
70．F
【导语】
本文是说明文。主要讲述了菲利克斯·博克想办法对一次性筷子回收利用，说明每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情。
67．
根据后文“Turns out we can.(事实证明我们可以)”可推知，空处应是提出一件事，然后才说我们可以，根据前文“These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe.(这些筷子和世界各地的其他筷子一起被扔进了垃圾填埋场)”可知，本文在讲一次性筷子处理问题，所以E项“But what if we could recycle them (但如果我们可以回收它们呢 )”符合题意。故选E项。
68．
分析设空可知，空处位于第二段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year.(据估计，全世界每年使用的一次性筷子多达800亿支)”可知A项“It doesn’t take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable.(不需要环保主义者也能意识到这种做法是不可持续的)”是对前文的总结。故选A项。
69．
根据前文“He also designed a method to clean and sanitize the chopsticks so that they could be reused.(他还设计了一种清洁和消毒筷子的方法，这样筷子就可以重复使用)”和后文“The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products.(然后，这些方形的物品被艺术地排列成家用和办公产品)”可知，前文没有提到方形这个概念，所以应该是在空处提出的，所以C项“Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky.(然后他把它们压成方形，涂上一层粘稠的东西)”符合题意。故选C项。
70．
分析设空可知，空处位于最后一段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, “Frankly, I’m frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us.”(博克在接受《全球震动》(Global Shakers)采访时表示:“坦率地说，每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情，这让我感到沮丧。”)”可知，F项“Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.(有时，就像筷子一样，这些材料就在我们的鼻子底下)”是对前文的总结，其中in front of us和under our very noses是同义替换。故选F项。
2023届上海市松江区高考二模英语试题
67．C
68．F
69．D
70．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Beatrix Potter的个人经历以及这种经历对她创作The Tale of Peter Rabbit影响。
67．
空格前的句子“Childhood family holidays in Perthshire and the Lake District had given her the freedom to experience the natural world first-hand.”（儿时在佩思郡和湖区的家庭度假给了她亲身体验自然世界的自由）”是说儿时经历对Beatrix Potter的影响，而C项“It was this experience that gave Peter Rabbit its unique atmosphere of believable wonder.”（正是这段经历给了彼得兔一种独特的、令人信服的奇妙氛围）正好提到这种经历对Beatrix Potter创作的影响，C项中的this experience就是指上一句提到的Beatrix Potter的经历，所以C项填入空格处和上文是顺接关系。故选C项。
68．
空格后的句子“In these images, Peter in the vegetable garden ate radishes or jumped off the wall.”（在这些图片中，Peter在菜园里吃萝卜或从墙上跳下来）提到了“these images”和“Peter”，所以空格处的句子也应该提到这两者，而F项“Though her later stories would contain more strikingly detailed illustrations, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has charming pictures of its naughty hero.”（尽管她后来的故事中有更引人注目的详细插图，但The Tale of Peter Rabbit中有顽皮的主人公迷人的照片）提到的“Peter”和“charming pictures of its naughty hero”和下一句中的“Peter”和“these images”是对应的，所以F项填入空格处和下文是顺接关系。故选F项。
69．
空格后的句子“However, Warne disagreed.”（然而，Warne不同意）是说，Warne不同意某种观点或做法，所以空格处的句子肯定应该提到某人的观点或做法，而D项“Potter was determined that the book should be small enough to fit into a child’s hands and inexpensive.”（Potter下定决心要让这本书既小到能放进孩子手里，又不贵）正是Potter对The Tale of Peter Rabbit这本书的想法，所以D项填入空格处和下一句正好是转折关系。故选D项。
70．
空格处的句子应该是该段的主题句。空格后的部分“In 1903, she registered a Peter Rabbit doll, making him the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy. After that, there were licensed wallpapers, board games and painting books. She earned large amounts of money. After her death, almost all her property was left to the National Trust.”（1903年，她注册了一个彼得兔娃娃，使他成为第一个被制成专利填充玩具的虚构人物。在那之后，有了授权壁纸、棋盘游戏和绘画书。她赚了很多钱。她死后，几乎所有的财产都留给了国家信托基金）是说Beatrix Potter充分利用Peter Rabbit这一角色的商业价值，赚了很多钱，这说明Beatrix Potter很有商业头脑，所以A项“Potter surely had a business mind.”（Potter当然有商业头脑） 填入空格处，作为该段的主题句，可以引领全段。故选A项。
2023届上海市杨浦区高考二模英语试题
20．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了制定备份计划会影响人们追求目标的动机和表现，因此研究人员认为在你为主要目标付出尽可能多的努力之前，先不要制定备份计划。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据上文There are certainly important benefits to making backup plans.One is the psychological comfort it brings：People think， "I'm going to be Okay，even if I fail because I can then do X or Y." Another benefit is that if you fail，you won't keep thinking about it；you can quickly implement your backup plan.（制定备份计划当然有很多好处。一是它带来的心理安慰：人们会想，"即使我失败了，我也会好起来的，因为我可以做X或y。"另一个好处是，如果你失败了，你不会一直想它；你可以迅速实施你的备份计划。）以及下文Jihae Shin of Wisconsin School of Business believes that acknowledging the costs and benefits can lead to better and more informed decision making..（威斯康星商学院的Jihae Shin认为，承认成本和收益有助于做出更好、更明智的决策。）可知，上下文构成转折关系，制定备份计划虽然有很多好处，但是需要考虑其成本。故D项"然而，制定备份计划的成本之前没有被研究过。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的the costs与下文中的the costs一致。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文She gave 160 university students a sentence﹣unscrambling（理清句子）task and promised an energy bar to those who performed it well.（她给160名大学生布置了一项句子整理任务，并承诺给那些完成得好的人一根能量棒。）以及下文People encouraged to think about those backup plans unscrambled significantly fewer sentences on average than people who hadn't been asked to formulate a plan B.（被鼓励考虑备用计划的人比没有被要求制定B计划的人平均能整理的句子要少得多。）可知，此处应该谈论"整理句子"任务的实验结果。故C项"但是被要求在整理句子之前头脑风暴其他事情的参与者表现得很好。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的unscrambling sentences与上文中的sentence﹣unscrambling一致。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文In the third studying which participants were asked about how much they wanted the promised reward of one dollar，those who had been asked to think through backup plans reported that they wanted the cash less than others.（在第三项研究中，参与者被问及他们对承诺的一美元奖励有多想要，那些被要求考虑备用计划的人报告说，他们比其他人更想要现金。）以及下文So they put in less effort which hurt their results.（所以他们投入较少的努力，这影响了他们的结果。）可知，空处与下文构成因果关系。故F项"他们在工作时可能没有意识到这种心态的转变，但他们的积极性降低了。"承上启下，符合语境。选项中的less motivated与下文中的less effort对应。故选F。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文The participants in the lab studies spent less than 10 minutes，thinking about their backup plans﹣﹣a tiny investment of their attention ﹣﹣yet it significantly affected their motivation and performance on goal pursuit.In real life when the stakes are higher，people would be expected to devote more time and energy to mapping out the detailed backup plans.（实验室研究的参与者花了不到10分钟的时间来考虑他们的后备计划﹣﹣这只是他们注意力的一小部分投资﹣﹣但却极大地影响了他们追求目标的动机和表现。在现实生活中，当风险更高时，人们会被期望投入更多的时间和精力来制定详细的备份计划。）可知，现实生活中制定备用计划成本会更高，故A项"由于这会在一段时间内减少努力，可能会导致更严重的负面影响。"承接上文，符合语境。选项中的significant negative effects与上文中的significantly affected对应。故选A。
【点评】六选四阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。