2023届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编：六选四（含答案）
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2023届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编
六选四
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
It doesn't take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable. What do you think of this phenomenon Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky. Hopefully, such issues could be resolved as soon as possible. But what if we could recycle them Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.
You're enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish, chatting with your friends. Being the responsible person that you are, when you're finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage, including your disposable (一次性的) chopsticks. These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. 67 Turns out we can.
For those consuming Asian food, using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature. It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world's population uses chopsticks on a daily basis. Not all of those are disposable, but no doubt many are. Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. 68
Enter Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects, and he had a particular interest in bamboo. One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend's house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks, and an idea began to form in his mind.
Bock's smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations. He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He also designed a method to clean and sanitize (消毒) the chopsticks so that they could be reused. 69 The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products. Bock's company, called ChopValue, has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations, desktops, cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes (多米诺骨牌).
Since 2016 when the company was founded, ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource. Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, "Frankly, I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us. " 70
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. Anyone who claims to know what animals feel doesn’t have science on their side. In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. Many people think that empathy is a special emotion only humans show. Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings.
Do animals have feelings
People often assign feelings to animals. That zoo polar bear’s vacant stare must mean he’s sad. The uh-oh expression a dog flashes after knocking over the garbage indicates shame. But scientists haven’t determined whether these human-like expressions really mean anything. After all, it’s very difficult to read a dog’s mind.
Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. 67
Even animals that don’t have spindle cells, such as dogs, have shown behaviors that can suggest a human-like social sense. 68 Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. Still, this only proves that dogs know how to find food, not that they have feelings.
Observations of apes have also revealed behavior that appears to represent various human-like desires. In some tests, chimpanzees demonstrate what looks like altruism (利他主义) helping their own kind and even other species without the expectation of a reward.
69 In a recent study, a Barnard College researcher tested dogs to see if their guilty looks were linked to actual bad behavior. Dogs were tempted with a treat and told by their owners not to eat it. The dog’s owners weren’t allowed to see whether their pets had eaten the treat or not, but were told either that they did or that they didn’t, and were then instructed to scold the dogs that disobeyed. The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong.
70 A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy(共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals.
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Trash-Eating Robots
It has become common knowledge that our oceans are filled with garbage. Broken objects, used plastic bottles and so on fill our beaches and cover the ocean floor, doing immense damage to ocean creatures. Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: trash-eating robots.
Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot. _____47_____ The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports.
_____48_____ Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash. A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely. Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the dustbins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities.
Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. _____49_____ Hence the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.
The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling with beach cleanup by hand. _____50_____
A. It isn’t just about removing the garbage from the ocean’s surface.
B. Hopefully, they can be a big part of the solution to ocean pollution.
C. This small robot gathers up everything it encounters, including gasoline and oil.
D. For larger, more open areas, a much larger robot called the Interceptor has a similar function.
E. If all goes well, they’re hoping to expand the number of robots and take the technology to other waterways in need of cleanup.
F. Cleaning up trash that litters the ocean is good, but to keep the oceans clean, new garbage must be stopped from getting there.
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Science has never had much influence on these decisions. B. There is no single age at which the teenage brain becomes an adult brain. C. However, neuroscience findings prove to be helpful in making a new boundary. D. Child growth pattens differ and how cultures understand child growth is so different. E. Some people think this knowledge can help us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults. F. This discovery may well indicate that neuroscience can help us better understand the interrelationship among different ages.
Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions of decision making, reasoning, comparing risk and reward, etc. Indeed, some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. 67
Maybe. But it’s not as simple as it seems for two reasons.
1. Different brain regions mature along with different timetables. 68 The part of the brain that handles logical thinking is usually fully developed by 16, but those involved in self-discipline are still developing in young adulthood. This means they may not have the same level of emotional control, which can make them less responsible for their actions.
2. 69 If it did, we wouldn’t have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It’s a pity that neuroscience won’t have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.
70 It is pointless to try to determine the “right” age of maturation. The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to neuroscience seriously and it’s a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age, I recognize that the government might never accept it.
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Their long-lasting relationships are important for survival in the wild. He teamed up with Fiona McCully, a scientist in animal behaviour. The scientists conclude that it’s important to keep flamingos in a large flock. According to a recent study, so do flamingos. This avoidance may serve to prevent the fights. New research shows that flamingos with brighter colors tend to be more aggressive.
Flamingos (火烈鸟) make long friendships
When it comes to making friends, humans often seek people with similar interests and personalities. ____67____. The long-legged birds can form friendships that last for years, and they depend on their friends for support when they fall out with rivals.
Scientist Dr Paul Rose had already spotted that flamingos seemed to form narrow exclusive circles. ____68____. To find out why flamingos befriend some but not others, they studied both Chilean and Caribbean flamingos living in a nature reserve in Gloucestershire, England.
Each bird wore a ring around one leg with a unique code to tell them apart. McCully spent months studying their behaviour and built a personality profile for each flamingo. She found that confident, aggressive flamingos walked proudly around in their friendship groups, while the quieter birds carefully avoid those individuals. ____69____.
McCully and Rose found that for the Caribbean birds, personality seemed to matter more in friendships than it did for Chilean flamingos. Caribbean birds were more likely to defend their friends and the confident ones had much larger social groups than the quieter birds. The researchers found this surprising because in many ways, including body shape and how they search for food in the wild, the two species are very similar.
____70____. In that case, all personality types are represented and each flamingo has the chance to find a like-minded friend. McCully and Rose said, “If humans require friendships to be happy, is it really such a great leap to think that flamingos might need the same ”
答案：
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
67-70 EACF
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了菲利克斯博克想办法对一次性筷子回收利用，说明每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情。
【小题67】根据后文Tums out we can（串实证明我们可以）"可推知，空处应是提出一件事，然后才说我们可以，根据前文"These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. （这些筷子和世界各地的其他筷子一起被扔进了垃圾填埋场）"可知，本文在讲一次性筷子处理问题，所以E项"But what if we could recycle them？（但如果我们可以回收它们呢？）"符合题意。故选E项。
【小题68】分析设空可知，空处位于第二段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. （据估计，全世界每年使用的一次性筷子多达800亿支）”可知A项“It doesn't take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable. （不需要环保主义者也能意识到这种做法是不可持续的）”是对前文的总结。故选A项。
【小题69】根据前文“He also designed a method to clean and sanitize the chopsticks so that they could be reused. （他还设计了一种清洁和消毒筷子的方法，这样筷子就可以重复使用）”和后文“The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products（然后，这些方形的物品被艺术地排列成家用和办公产品）"可知，前文没有提到方形这个概念，所以应该是在空处提出的， 所以CI页"Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky. （然后他把它们压成方形，涂上一层粘稠的东西）”符合题意。故选C项。
【小题70】分析设空可知，空处位于最后一段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文"Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, "Frankly, I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us. ”（博克在接受《全球震动》（Global Shakers）采访时表示："坦率地说，每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情，这让我感到沮丧。""可知，F项"Sometimes，as with chopsticks， those materials are right under our very noses. （有时， 就像筷子一样，这些材料就在我们的鼻子底下）”是对前文的总结其中in front of us和under our very noses是同义替换。故选F项。
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
【答案】67. A68. C69. E70. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。针对动物是否有感情，对黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼这类与人类有一样的棱形细胞的动物研究发现，虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。对被责骂的狗的研究发现，狗无论是否做错，面对责骂，都会表现出内疚的表情。
【67题详解】
前文“Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. (科学家们认为，人类大脑中被称为棱形细胞的特定细胞负责人类的社会行为以及思想和感情之间的相互作用。研究表明，黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有梭形细胞。)”说明黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有和人类一样的棱形细胞。结合选项，A项“Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. (虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。)”照应前文，符合语境，是对前文的转折。而且选项中的“these are all animals”指代前文中的“chimpanzee, dolphin and whale”。故选A。
【68题详解】
下文“Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. (科学家们报告说，这表明狗对人类的社交暗示很敏感，并且能够正确地解读它们。)”介绍某项实验结果。结合选项，C项“In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. (在最近的实验中，狗狗已经表明，它们知道跟着人类的手指找到食物。)”符合符合语意，照应了实验结果。且下文的“this”指代选项中“In recent experiments”。故选C。
【69题详解】
下文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。结合选项，E项“Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. (其他实验对动物行为能否可靠地表示一种潜在的感觉提出了质疑。)”为中心句。下文中的这句话是对中心句的证明，说明动物表达感情是不准确的。故选E。
【70题详解】
上文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”以及下文“A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. (根据巴纳德学院的研究，人脸上露出内疚的表情意味着内疚，但狗并不一定如此。同样，即使是明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。结合选项，F项“This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. (这说明了将动物行为准确解释为类人情感的标志的难度。)”是对上文实验的说明，而且下文再次论证选项的观点。故选F。
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
【答案】47. C48. D49. F50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了垃圾清理机器人，介绍了其工作方式以及优势。
【47题详解】
根据上文“Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot. (人们设计了各种形状的机器人来收集漂浮在海洋中的垃圾。例如，法国IADYS公司开发了一种名为水母机器人的机器人)”以及后文“The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports. (水母机器人是远程控制的，每小时最多可以清洁1000平方米。它包含一个可以容纳30升水的网。水母机器人体积小，易于控制，是清理港口等拥挤地区的理想选择)”可知，本句进一步解释水母机器人的功能，C选项This small robot对应上文jellyfishbot。故C选项“这个小机器人收集它遇到的所有东西，包括汽油和石油”符合语境，故选C。
【48题详解】
根据后文“Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash. A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely. Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the dustbins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities. (为了在河流上使用，“拦截器”看起来像一艘带着垃圾传送带的船。一个附着在“拦截器”上的浅屏障引导漂浮的垃圾进入传送带，但鱼可以安全地在它下面游泳。一旦传感器显示垃圾箱已满，“拦截器”就会自动向岸上操作员发送短信。这些经营者收集和清空垃圾箱，将垃圾送到当地的废物管理设施)”可知，本段主要介绍了一种名为“拦截器”的机器人。故D选项“对于更大、更开放的区域，一个大得多的名为拦截器的机器人具有类似的功能”符合语境，故选D。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. (海洋中的大部分垃圾都是顺流而下的)”以及后文“Hence the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean. (因此，“拦截器”被用于在污染进入海洋之前阻止污染)”可知，本句主要说明如何清理海洋中的垃圾。故F选项“清理海洋中的垃圾是件好事，但要保持海洋清洁，就必须阻止新的垃圾进入海洋”符合语境，故选F。
【50题详解】
根据上文“The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling with beach cleanup by hand. (“拦截器”完全由太阳能供电，并自行操作，这最大限度地减少了人类参与的需要。机器人能够清理大量垃圾，而无需人类手工清理海滩)”可知，本段主要说明了“拦截器”这种机器人在清理垃圾方面的优势，B选项中they对应上文Robots。故B选项“希望它们能成为解决海洋污染的一个重要部分”符合语境，故选B。
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
67. E 68. B 69. A 70. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于大脑成熟的知识以及做出相关决策的原因。
【小题67】根据上文“Neuroscientists（神经科学家）now know that brain maturation（成熟） occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions of decision making, reasoning, comparing risk and reward， etc. Indeed， some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. （神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。在青年时期，大脑仍在发生巨大的变化，特别是在决策、推理、比较风险和回报等区域。事实上，有些大脑区域直到20岁出头才完全成熟）"可知，上文主要说明了一些关于大脑的知识，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些知识的作用。故E选项"有些人认为，这些知识可以帮助我们重新思考儿童和成人之间的法律界限"符合语境，故选E。
【小题68】根据上文"Different brain regions mature along with different timetables. （不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表）"以及后文“The part of the brain that handles logical thinking is usually fully developed by 16， but those involved in self-discipline are still developing in young adulthood. This means they may not have the same level of emotional control, which can make them less responsible for their actions（大脑中负责逻辑思维的部分通常在16岁时就发育完全了，但负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育。这意味着他们可能没有同样程度的情绪控制，这可能会使他们对自己的行为不那么负责任J"可知，上文提到"不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表”，后文提到了大脑负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育，说明青少年的大脑何时成熟并没有一个特定的年轻，故B 选项“没有一个特定的年龄使青少年的大脑变成成人的大脑”符合语境，故选B。
【小题69】根据后文“If it did，we wouldn't have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It's a pity that neuroscience won't have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct（如果是这样，我们就不会生活在一个允许青少年在买啤酒之前开车的社会，年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因。遗憾的是，神经科学对政治没有太大影响，尽管它总是正确的"可知，后文提到"年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因"，说明科学没有对一些决策产生很大影响，故A选项"科学从来没有对这些决策产生过多大影响”符合语境，故选A。
【小题70】根据后文“It is pointless to try to determine the “right" age of maturation. The Dutch，for example，allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to neuroscience seriously and it's a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age， I recognize that the government might never accept it. （试图确定成熟的“正确”年龄是毫无意义的。例如，荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车，即使我坚定地认为法律决定应该认真地参考神经科学，降低饮酒年龄和提高驾驶年龄是个好主意，我也承认政府可能永远不会接受它）"可知，后文提到了"有兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车”，说明不同的文化对儿童成长的理解也不同。故D选项“儿童成长模式不同，文化对儿童成长的理解也不同”符合语境，故选D。
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
67-70 CBDE
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是火烈鸟拥有长久的友谊。
【小题67】根据空前“When it comes to making friends. humans often seek people with similar interests and personalities（说到交朋友. 人们通常会找兴趣和性格相似的人。）"可知，人类寻找兴趣和性格相似的人交友，空后的"The long-legged birds can form friendships that last for years，and they depend on their friends for support when they fall out with rivals.（这种长眼鸟可以建立持续多年的友谊，当它们与竞争对手闹翻时，它们依靠朋友的支持。）"讲述的是这种长腿的鸟可以建立持续多年的友谊，所以此空处要引出“这种长腿鸟”，即火烈鸟，D选项“According to a recent study，so do flamingos.（根据最近的一项研究，火烈鸟也是如此）”中的内容起到承上启下的作用，从人类交友到火烈鸟的完美过渡。故选D项。
【小题68】根据空前“Scientist Dr Paul Rose had already spotted that flamingos seemed to form narrow exclusive circles.（科学家保罗·罗斯博士已经发现火烈鸟似乎形成了狭窄的专属圈子。）"介绍的是科学家Dr Paul Rose的发现，而空后“To find out why flamingos befriend some but not others, they studied both Chilean and Caribbean flamingos living in a naturereserve in Gloucestershire. England. （为了我出为什么火烈鸟和一些人交朋友，而不是另一些人，他们研究了生活在英格兰格海斯特那自然保护区的智利和力和款出火
烈鸟。J"中使用的代词是they，所以they为解题关键，因空前只有一名科学家，而空后的句子主语是they，所以此空处需引出另外的科学家，B选项“He teamed up with Fiona McCully，a scientist in animal behaviour.（他与研究动物行为的科学家菲奥娜·麦卡利（Fiona McCully）合作。）"中提到的Dr Paul Rose与另一位科学家Fiona McCully一起研究火烈鸟，符合上下文逻辑。故选B项。
【小题69】根据空前的“She found that confident，aggressive flamingos walked proudly around in their friendship groups， while the quieter birds carefully avoid those individuals.（她发现自信、好斗的火烈鸟在友谊群中骄傲地走来走去，而安静的鸟儿则小心翼翼地避开那些个体。）"可知，有些安静的火烈鸟会避开这些在群体中骄傲地走来走去的火烈鸟，E选项"This avoidance may serve to prevent the fights.（这种回避可能有助于防止打架。）"中的this avoidance指代的内容与空前内容吻合，且符合逻辑。故选E项。
【小题70】根据空后“In that case，all personality types are represented and each flamingo has the chance to find a like-minded friend.（在这种情况下，所有性格类型都有代表，每只火烈鸟都有机会找到志同道合的朋友。）"中的In that case为解题的关键，在那种情况下，每只火烈鸟都有机会找到一个志同道合的朋友，由此可知，火烈鸟需要生活在群体中，C选项"The scientists conclude that it's important to keep flamingos in a large flock.（科学家们得出结论，将火烈鸟放在一大群中很重要。）"讲述的内容与in that case指代的内容一致，符合逻辑。故选C项。
六选四
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
It doesn't take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable. What do you think of this phenomenon Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky. Hopefully, such issues could be resolved as soon as possible. But what if we could recycle them Sometimes, as with chopsticks, those materials are right under our very noses.
You're enjoying a delicious bowl of noodles or your favorite rice dish, chatting with your friends. Being the responsible person that you are, when you're finished you clean up your table and throw away your garbage, including your disposable (一次性的) chopsticks. These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. 67 Turns out we can.
For those consuming Asian food, using chopsticks as eating tools is almost second nature. It has been estimated that 20 to 33 percent of the world's population uses chopsticks on a daily basis. Not all of those are disposable, but no doubt many are. Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. 68
Enter Felix Bock, a doctoral student at the time in the forestry program at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Bock was eager to find a way to recycle wood from construction projects, and he had a particular interest in bamboo. One day he found a drawer in his girlfriend's house filled with disposable bamboo chopsticks, and an idea began to form in his mind.
Bock's smart idea was to give a second life to disposable chopsticks by making them into home decorations. He tried to convince restaurant owners to install recycling bins in their restaurants. He also designed a method to clean and sanitize (消毒) the chopsticks so that they could be reused. 69 The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products. Bock's company, called ChopValue, has repurposed chopsticks into wall decorations, desktops, cutting boards and even table games such as dominoes (多米诺骨牌).
Since 2016 when the company was founded, ChopValue has rescued billions of chopsticks from landfills. Instead of an economy based on the typical take-make-dispose model, ChopValue seeks to create one that transforms waste into a usable resource. Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, "Frankly, I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us. " 70
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. Anyone who claims to know what animals feel doesn’t have science on their side. In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. Many people think that empathy is a special emotion only humans show. Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings.
Do animals have feelings
People often assign feelings to animals. That zoo polar bear’s vacant stare must mean he’s sad. The uh-oh expression a dog flashes after knocking over the garbage indicates shame. But scientists haven’t determined whether these human-like expressions really mean anything. After all, it’s very difficult to read a dog’s mind.
Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. 67
Even animals that don’t have spindle cells, such as dogs, have shown behaviors that can suggest a human-like social sense. 68 Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. Still, this only proves that dogs know how to find food, not that they have feelings.
Observations of apes have also revealed behavior that appears to represent various human-like desires. In some tests, chimpanzees demonstrate what looks like altruism (利他主义) helping their own kind and even other species without the expectation of a reward.
69 In a recent study, a Barnard College researcher tested dogs to see if their guilty looks were linked to actual bad behavior. Dogs were tempted with a treat and told by their owners not to eat it. The dog’s owners weren’t allowed to see whether their pets had eaten the treat or not, but were told either that they did or that they didn’t, and were then instructed to scold the dogs that disobeyed. The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong.
70 A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy(共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals.
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Trash-Eating Robots
It has become common knowledge that our oceans are filled with garbage. Broken objects, used plastic bottles and so on fill our beaches and cover the ocean floor, doing immense damage to ocean creatures. Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: trash-eating robots.
Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot. _____47_____ The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports.
_____48_____ Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash. A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely. Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the dustbins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities.
Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. _____49_____ Hence the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.
The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling with beach cleanup by hand. _____50_____
A. It isn’t just about removing the garbage from the ocean’s surface.
B. Hopefully, they can be a big part of the solution to ocean pollution.
C. This small robot gathers up everything it encounters, including gasoline and oil.
D. For larger, more open areas, a much larger robot called the Interceptor has a similar function.
E. If all goes well, they’re hoping to expand the number of robots and take the technology to other waterways in need of cleanup.
F. Cleaning up trash that litters the ocean is good, but to keep the oceans clean, new garbage must be stopped from getting there.
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Science has never had much influence on these decisions. B. There is no single age at which the teenage brain becomes an adult brain. C. However, neuroscience findings prove to be helpful in making a new boundary. D. Child growth pattens differ and how cultures understand child growth is so different. E. Some people think this knowledge can help us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults. F. This discovery may well indicate that neuroscience can help us better understand the interrelationship among different ages.
Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions of decision making, reasoning, comparing risk and reward, etc. Indeed, some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. 67
Maybe. But it’s not as simple as it seems for two reasons.
1. Different brain regions mature along with different timetables. 68 The part of the brain that handles logical thinking is usually fully developed by 16, but those involved in self-discipline are still developing in young adulthood. This means they may not have the same level of emotional control, which can make them less responsible for their actions.
2. 69 If it did, we wouldn’t have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It’s a pity that neuroscience won’t have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.
70 It is pointless to try to determine the “right” age of maturation. The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to neuroscience seriously and it’s a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age, I recognize that the government might never accept it.
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Their long-lasting relationships are important for survival in the wild. He teamed up with Fiona McCully, a scientist in animal behaviour. The scientists conclude that it’s important to keep flamingos in a large flock. According to a recent study, so do flamingos. This avoidance may serve to prevent the fights. New research shows that flamingos with brighter colors tend to be more aggressive.
Flamingos (火烈鸟) make long friendships
When it comes to making friends, humans often seek people with similar interests and personalities. ____67____. The long-legged birds can form friendships that last for years, and they depend on their friends for support when they fall out with rivals.
Scientist Dr Paul Rose had already spotted that flamingos seemed to form narrow exclusive circles. ____68____. To find out why flamingos befriend some but not others, they studied both Chilean and Caribbean flamingos living in a nature reserve in Gloucestershire, England.
Each bird wore a ring around one leg with a unique code to tell them apart. McCully spent months studying their behaviour and built a personality profile for each flamingo. She found that confident, aggressive flamingos walked proudly around in their friendship groups, while the quieter birds carefully avoid those individuals. ____69____.
McCully and Rose found that for the Caribbean birds, personality seemed to matter more in friendships than it did for Chilean flamingos. Caribbean birds were more likely to defend their friends and the confident ones had much larger social groups than the quieter birds. The researchers found this surprising because in many ways, including body shape and how they search for food in the wild, the two species are very similar.
____70____. In that case, all personality types are represented and each flamingo has the chance to find a like-minded friend. McCully and Rose said, “If humans require friendships to be happy, is it really such a great leap to think that flamingos might need the same ”
答案：
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
67-70 EACF
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了菲利克斯博克想办法对一次性筷子回收利用，说明每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情。
【小题67】根据后文Tums out we can（串实证明我们可以）"可推知，空处应是提出一件事，然后才说我们可以，根据前文"These chopsticks wind up in a landfill along with other chopsticks around the globe. （这些筷子和世界各地的其他筷子一起被扔进了垃圾填埋场）"可知，本文在讲一次性筷子处理问题，所以E项"But what if we could recycle them？（但如果我们可以回收它们呢？）"符合题意。故选E项。
【小题68】分析设空可知，空处位于第二段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文“Estimates indicate that up to 80 billion disposable chopsticks are used worldwide every year. （据估计，全世界每年使用的一次性筷子多达800亿支）”可知A项“It doesn't take an environmentalist to realize that this practice is not sustainable. （不需要环保主义者也能意识到这种做法是不可持续的）”是对前文的总结。故选A项。
【小题69】根据前文“He also designed a method to clean and sanitize the chopsticks so that they could be reused. （他还设计了一种清洁和消毒筷子的方法，这样筷子就可以重复使用）”和后文“The square pieces were then artistically arranged into household and office products（然后，这些方形的物品被艺术地排列成家用和办公产品）"可知，前文没有提到方形这个概念，所以应该是在空处提出的， 所以CI页"Then he pressed them into square pieces and coated them with something sticky. （然后他把它们压成方形，涂上一层粘稠的东西）”符合题意。故选C项。
【小题70】分析设空可知，空处位于最后一段段尾，所以是本段的总结句，根据前文"Bock states in an interview with Global Shakers, "Frankly, I'm frustrated by everyone trying to be sustainable when they are looking away from the visible things that we can do immediately with the materials right in front of us. ”（博克在接受《全球震动》（Global Shakers）采访时表示："坦率地说，每个人都在努力实现可持续发展，却忽视了我们可以立即用眼前的材料做的可见事情，这让我感到沮丧。""可知，F项"Sometimes，as with chopsticks， those materials are right under our very noses. （有时， 就像筷子一样，这些材料就在我们的鼻子底下）”是对前文的总结其中in front of us和under our very noses是同义替换。故选F项。
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
【答案】67. A68. C69. E70. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。针对动物是否有感情，对黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼这类与人类有一样的棱形细胞的动物研究发现，虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。对被责骂的狗的研究发现，狗无论是否做错，面对责骂，都会表现出内疚的表情。
【67题详解】
前文“Scientists believe that certain brain cells in humans called spindle cells (棱形细胞) are responsible for human social behavior and the interplay between thoughts and feelings. Studies have revealed that chimpanzee, dolphin and whale brains also possess spindle cells. (科学家们认为，人类大脑中被称为棱形细胞的特定细胞负责人类的社会行为以及思想和感情之间的相互作用。研究表明，黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有梭形细胞。)”说明黑猩猩、海豚和鲸鱼的大脑也有和人类一样的棱形细胞。结合选项，A项“Although these are all animals that can act people-like, the presence of these cells does not mean that the animals have feelings. (虽然这些动物都能像人一样行动，但这些细胞的存在并不意味着动物有感情。)”照应前文，符合语境，是对前文的转折。而且选项中的“these are all animals”指代前文中的“chimpanzee, dolphin and whale”。故选A。
【68题详解】
下文“Scientists report that this shows dogs are sensitive to human social cues and are able to correctly interpret them. (科学家们报告说，这表明狗对人类的社交暗示很敏感，并且能够正确地解读它们。)”介绍某项实验结果。结合选项，C项“In recent experiments, dogs have shown that they know to follow a human’s pointed finger to find a food treat. (在最近的实验中，狗狗已经表明，它们知道跟着人类的手指找到食物。)”符合符合语意，照应了实验结果。且下文的“this”指代选项中“In recent experiments”。故选C。
【69题详解】
下文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。结合选项，E项“Other experiments have cast doubt that animal behavior can reliably signify an underlying feeling. (其他实验对动物行为能否可靠地表示一种潜在的感觉提出了质疑。)”为中心句。下文中的这句话是对中心句的证明，说明动物表达感情是不准确的。故选E。
【70题详解】
上文“The experimenters noted that scolded dogs showed a guilty look whether or not they had actually done wrong. (实验人员注意到，被责骂的狗无论是否真的做错了，都会表现出内疚的表情。)”以及下文“A guilty look suggests a feeling of guilt in a human but not necessarily in a dog, according to the Barnard research. Similarly, even apparent empathy (共情) behavior might not actually mean these feelings are present in the brains of animals. (根据巴纳德学院的研究，人脸上露出内疚的表情意味着内疚，但狗并不一定如此。同样，即使是明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。)”表明无论是否做错，面对责骂，狗都会表现出内疚的表情。明显的共情行为也不一定意味着这些感觉存在于动物的大脑中。结合选项，F项“This illustrates the difficulty in accurately interpreting animal behavior as a marker of human-like feelings. (这说明了将动物行为准确解释为类人情感的标志的难度。)”是对上文实验的说明，而且下文再次论证选项的观点。故选F。
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
【答案】47. C48. D49. F50. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了垃圾清理机器人，介绍了其工作方式以及优势。
【47题详解】
根据上文“Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot. (人们设计了各种形状的机器人来收集漂浮在海洋中的垃圾。例如，法国IADYS公司开发了一种名为水母机器人的机器人)”以及后文“The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. It contains a net that can hold up to 30 liters. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports. (水母机器人是远程控制的，每小时最多可以清洁1000平方米。它包含一个可以容纳30升水的网。水母机器人体积小，易于控制，是清理港口等拥挤地区的理想选择)”可知，本句进一步解释水母机器人的功能，C选项This small robot对应上文jellyfishbot。故C选项“这个小机器人收集它遇到的所有东西，包括汽油和石油”符合语境，故选C。
【48题详解】
根据后文“Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt that picks up trash. A shallow barrier attached to the Interceptor guides floating trash to the conveyor belt, but fish can swim under it safely. Once a sensor indicates that the dustbins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the dustbins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities. (为了在河流上使用，“拦截器”看起来像一艘带着垃圾传送带的船。一个附着在“拦截器”上的浅屏障引导漂浮的垃圾进入传送带，但鱼可以安全地在它下面游泳。一旦传感器显示垃圾箱已满，“拦截器”就会自动向岸上操作员发送短信。这些经营者收集和清空垃圾箱，将垃圾送到当地的废物管理设施)”可知，本段主要介绍了一种名为“拦截器”的机器人。故D选项“对于更大、更开放的区域，一个大得多的名为拦截器的机器人具有类似的功能”符合语境，故选D。
【49题详解】
根据上文“Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. (海洋中的大部分垃圾都是顺流而下的)”以及后文“Hence the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean. (因此，“拦截器”被用于在污染进入海洋之前阻止污染)”可知，本句主要说明如何清理海洋中的垃圾。故F选项“清理海洋中的垃圾是件好事，但要保持海洋清洁，就必须阻止新的垃圾进入海洋”符合语境，故选F。
【50题详解】
根据上文“The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement. Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling with beach cleanup by hand. (“拦截器”完全由太阳能供电，并自行操作，这最大限度地减少了人类参与的需要。机器人能够清理大量垃圾，而无需人类手工清理海滩)”可知，本段主要说明了“拦截器”这种机器人在清理垃圾方面的优势，B选项中they对应上文Robots。故B选项“希望它们能成为解决海洋污染的一个重要部分”符合语境，故选B。
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
67. E 68. B 69. A 70. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于大脑成熟的知识以及做出相关决策的原因。
【小题67】根据上文“Neuroscientists（神经科学家）now know that brain maturation（成熟） occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood, especially in the regions of decision making, reasoning, comparing risk and reward， etc. Indeed， some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. （神经科学家现在知道，大脑成熟的时间比以前认为的要晚得多。在青年时期，大脑仍在发生巨大的变化，特别是在决策、推理、比较风险和回报等区域。事实上，有些大脑区域直到20岁出头才完全成熟）"可知，上文主要说明了一些关于大脑的知识，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这些知识的作用。故E选项"有些人认为，这些知识可以帮助我们重新思考儿童和成人之间的法律界限"符合语境，故选E。
【小题68】根据上文"Different brain regions mature along with different timetables. （不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表）"以及后文“The part of the brain that handles logical thinking is usually fully developed by 16， but those involved in self-discipline are still developing in young adulthood. This means they may not have the same level of emotional control, which can make them less responsible for their actions（大脑中负责逻辑思维的部分通常在16岁时就发育完全了，但负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育。这意味着他们可能没有同样程度的情绪控制，这可能会使他们对自己的行为不那么负责任J"可知，上文提到"不同大脑区域的成熟伴随着不同的时间表”，后文提到了大脑负责自律的部分在青年时期仍在发育，说明青少年的大脑何时成熟并没有一个特定的年轻，故B 选项“没有一个特定的年龄使青少年的大脑变成成人的大脑”符合语境，故选B。
【小题69】根据后文“If it did，we wouldn't have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It's a pity that neuroscience won't have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct（如果是这样，我们就不会生活在一个允许青少年在买啤酒之前开车的社会，年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因。遗憾的是，神经科学对政治没有太大影响，尽管它总是正确的"可知，后文提到"年龄界限的划分主要是出于政治原因，而不是科学原因"，说明科学没有对一些决策产生很大影响，故A选项"科学从来没有对这些决策产生过多大影响”符合语境，故选A。
【小题70】根据后文“It is pointless to try to determine the “right" age of maturation. The Dutch，for example，allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to neuroscience seriously and it's a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age， I recognize that the government might never accept it. （试图确定成熟的“正确”年龄是毫无意义的。例如，荷兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车，即使我坚定地认为法律决定应该认真地参考神经科学，降低饮酒年龄和提高驾驶年龄是个好主意，我也承认政府可能永远不会接受它）"可知，后文提到了"有兰允许16岁的孩子喝酒，但直到19岁才能开车”，说明不同的文化对儿童成长的理解也不同。故D选项“儿童成长模式不同，文化对儿童成长的理解也不同”符合语境，故选D。
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
67-70 CBDE
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是火烈鸟拥有长久的友谊。
【小题67】根据空前“When it comes to making friends. humans often seek people with similar interests and personalities（说到交朋友. 人们通常会找兴趣和性格相似的人。）"可知，人类寻找兴趣和性格相似的人交友，空后的"The long-legged birds can form friendships that last for years，and they depend on their friends for support when they fall out with rivals.（这种长眼鸟可以建立持续多年的友谊，当它们与竞争对手闹翻时，它们依靠朋友的支持。）"讲述的是这种长腿的鸟可以建立持续多年的友谊，所以此空处要引出“这种长腿鸟”，即火烈鸟，D选项“According to a recent study，so do flamingos.（根据最近的一项研究，火烈鸟也是如此）”中的内容起到承上启下的作用，从人类交友到火烈鸟的完美过渡。故选D项。
【小题68】根据空前“Scientist Dr Paul Rose had already spotted that flamingos seemed to form narrow exclusive circles.（科学家保罗·罗斯博士已经发现火烈鸟似乎形成了狭窄的专属圈子。）"介绍的是科学家Dr Paul Rose的发现，而空后“To find out why flamingos befriend some but not others, they studied both Chilean and Caribbean flamingos living in a naturereserve in Gloucestershire. England. （为了我出为什么火烈鸟和一些人交朋友，而不是另一些人，他们研究了生活在英格兰格海斯特那自然保护区的智利和力和款出火
烈鸟。J"中使用的代词是they，所以they为解题关键，因空前只有一名科学家，而空后的句子主语是they，所以此空处需引出另外的科学家，B选项“He teamed up with Fiona McCully，a scientist in animal behaviour.（他与研究动物行为的科学家菲奥娜·麦卡利（Fiona McCully）合作。）"中提到的Dr Paul Rose与另一位科学家Fiona McCully一起研究火烈鸟，符合上下文逻辑。故选B项。
【小题69】根据空前的“She found that confident，aggressive flamingos walked proudly around in their friendship groups， while the quieter birds carefully avoid those individuals.（她发现自信、好斗的火烈鸟在友谊群中骄傲地走来走去，而安静的鸟儿则小心翼翼地避开那些个体。）"可知，有些安静的火烈鸟会避开这些在群体中骄傲地走来走去的火烈鸟，E选项"This avoidance may serve to prevent the fights.（这种回避可能有助于防止打架。）"中的this avoidance指代的内容与空前内容吻合，且符合逻辑。故选E项。
【小题70】根据空后“In that case，all personality types are represented and each flamingo has the chance to find a like-minded friend.（在这种情况下，所有性格类型都有代表，每只火烈鸟都有机会找到志同道合的朋友。）"中的In that case为解题的关键，在那种情况下，每只火烈鸟都有机会找到一个志同道合的朋友，由此可知，火烈鸟需要生活在群体中，C选项"The scientists conclude that it's important to keep flamingos in a large flock.（科学家们得出结论，将火烈鸟放在一大群中很重要。）"讲述的内容与in that case指代的内容一致，符合逻辑。故选C项。