2023届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题汇编：概要写作（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题汇编：概要写作（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 上外版（2020） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-18 00:12:19 | ||
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2023届上海市部分区高三英语二模试题分类汇编
概要写作
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Home sweet home-this phrase arouses allsorts of images and feelings. The place you call home might be a house, an apartment, a tent or any of a countless variety of places. But did you know that the condition of your living space can have an impact on your emotions and even on your mental health By controlling some of these variables, you can help to achieve a more peaceful life.
It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood. If the lighting is too weak, it can have a negative effect on your emotions, and your mood may end up matching the dark atmosphere. Artificial light may not do the trick, however. It is better to open your curtains because natural sunlight makes your whole day brighter.
You have to do more than just remove poisonous substances from your home. To ensure good mental health, surround yourself with nature. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood.
Let's all admit it: We have trouble keeping our space clean. Somehow stuff just tends to pile up. But this problem involves more than just aesthetics (美感). It doesn't just look terrible: it makes you feel terrible. A cluttered room both reveals stress and causes stress. Disorder can indicate that you're too busy to keep things tidy, but then looking at a mess can lead to more stress. Straightening up doesn't have to take all day -just take10 or 15 minutes and put a few things away. You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel.
The color palette(用色风格) of your environment does more than passively reflect your color preferences. It also has an active influence on your mood and even your mental health. Choosing colors that create a Calmat mosphere can be a type of therapy.
The sky is the limit to ways you can make your environment beneficial to good mental health. You could put up photos of your family and friends or post encouraging notes from people that show how much they love you. Just remember: Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home" even sweeter.
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71. Does Recycling Work For Plastic？
Dealing with plastic waste is always a tough problem. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), half of the world’s plastic waste ends up in a landfill, 19% burned, and another 22% escapes waste management systems and goes into uncontrolled dumpsites.
So environmentalists suggest plastic waste should be recycled properly, which proves an effective way to handle other waste like paper, cardboard, metal and glass. However, a new study by Greenpeace, and reporting in the Boston Globe, suggests that recycling plastic is a “myth” and raises a major question about the future: does recycling work Unfortunately, the short answer is “not really. ”
There’s been a lot of debate over what really happens to recycled plastic. But scientists say that recycling plastic waste has mostly failed because it’s very difficult to collect and nearly impossible to sort. Because plastic is often made from harmful materials, it can be harmful to the environment to reprocess.
Much of the solution falls on big companies to change the way they do business. The way forward seems to be mostly to cut down on companies’ reliance on plastic packaging, and to move toward reusable packaging and packaging-free alternatives. Above all, companies need to phase out all single-use plastics. For the consumer, living more plastic-free is the only real solution available. Avoiding drinks in plastic containers, using a travel mug or reusable water bottle, bringing your own reusable bag, buying in bulk and cutting back on pre-packaged foods are all a good start.
But in the end, corporate America needs a deeper commitment to the plastic waste problem. “Companies must take action now to get rid of single-use plastics and packaging and not rely on false solutions such as recycling, ” says Greenpeace.
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Dunning-Kruger Effect
In 1999, social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger did a series of studies evaluating people’s competence in certain areas. The people in the studies were also asked to evaluate their own abilities in each area. Dunning and Kruger found that people who scored very low on the test tended to overestimate their abilities. Later research has indicated that a similar principle applies to other areas as well. This principle has become known as the Dunning-Kruger effect after the researchers who discovered it. The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills. For example, in some situations it takes a scientist to recognize bad science.
The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves. An extreme case of this would be impostor syndrome, which is when a skilled person feels as if they are faking their skills despite knowing what they are doing.
It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence — and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even if someone is very intelligent in general, there are still things they don’t know much about. Expertise (专业知识) in one area cannot always be transferred to other areas.
That’s why it’s important to keep digging for information even when you think you’ve found answers. It can also be helpful to check your ideas with other people. Receiving negative feedback can hurt, but if you’re willing to listen, it can help you grow. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Ⅳ. Summary Writing (71)
Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
With the rise of urbanism(城市化), and the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy. Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt.
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains evolved in natural landscapes. This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfocused. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (注意力缺陷多动症) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of shaping and stretching materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor (感觉运动) development, according to the scientists at the University of Palermo, Italy. This allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
Given the known psychological benefits, many day-care centers and schools are already encouraging greater contact with nature: outdoor lessons, regular nature walks and the construction of mud kitchens that encourage children to play in the dirt.
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71. How your unique story can get you hired
You’re sitting at your computer to apply for your dream job, but suddenly you’re not confident enough to get it. So you don’t even submit the application. It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment, especially if you’re people of color, first generation college student, or you don’t have a traditional background. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story.
Ask yourself two questions. The first one: why do you want to do this work Maybe you already know the kind of job or work environment that makes you happy, or maybe you haven’t quite figured that out yet. Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. For example, your brother had to overcome his dyslexia(诵读困难症), and you helped him with his reading. Gradually, you became interested in education. That motivated you to work as a teacher.
The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have For example, you undertook multiple jobs unrelated to your major while you were in college. When you’re in an interview, go ahead and talk about them, because it will show the employer that you have time management skills and a strong passion for work. Employers are looking for well-rounded individuals that are capable of accomplishing various job tasks.
Go back and reflect on those tough questions that you need to answer. The answers are what makes you you. Reframing your story can remake your confidence over and over again, but it takes time. It’s like running a marathon. You have to train and practice. When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You’re sure to stand out among all the candidates.
答案：
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
71. One’s living environment can contribute to his health. For example, curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. Also, tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended. In addition, putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人们居住的空间状况会影响人们的情绪，甚至是心灵健康，通过改变一下家的一些可变音素能够让居住者拥有一个更加平静的生活。
【详解】1要点摘录
①By controlling some of these variables, you can help to achieve a more peaceful life. ②It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood.
③Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood. ④Let's all admit it: We have trouble keeping our space clean. ⑤Choosing colors that create a calmatmosphere can be a type of therapy.
⑥Just remember: Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home" even sweeter. 2.缜密构思将第②③两个要点进行整合，将第④⑤两个要点进行整合，①⑥两个要点重组。3.遣词造句One's living environment can contribute to his health.
Curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. Also, tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended. In addition, putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A For example，curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. （运用
一个并列句将两个段落的要点连接起来，同时使用动名词短语作主语使得句式结构更丰富）。
【高分句型2】： Also， tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended.（运用被动语态使句子表达不单一，使用并列连词and连接两个要点使内容更简洁，表达非常高级）
【高分句型3】：In addition，putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.（运用in addition将最后一个要点连接，使得更连贯，句子使用动名词短语作主语的形式）
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
【答案】One possible version:
While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests. Plastic waste is hard to gather and classify as its reprocessing may release something harmful. To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，尽管环保人士建议回收塑料垃圾，但这种做法似乎行不通。塑料垃圾很难收集和分类，因为再处理可能会释放有害物质。为了解决这个问题，企业应该减少对塑料包装的依赖，对环境负责，消费者应该采取无塑料的生活方式。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①So environmentalists suggest plastic waste should be recycled properly, which proves an effective way to handle other waste like paper, cardboard, metal and glass.
②However, a new study by Greenpeace, and reporting in the Boston Globe, suggests that recycling plastic is a “myth” and raises a major question about the future: does recycling work Unfortunately, the short answer is “not really.”
③But scientists say that recycling plastic waste has mostly failed because it’s very difficult to collect and nearly impossible to sort. Because plastic is often made from harmful materials, it can be harmful to the environment to reprocess.
④The way forward seems to be mostly to cut down on companies’ reliance on plastic packaging, and to move toward reusable packaging and packaging-free alternatives.
2. 缜密构思
将1、2两个要点进行简化重组，将3、4两个要点进行简化整合。
3. 遣词造句
While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests.
Plastic waste is hard to gather and classify as its reprocessing may release something harmful.
To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle.
【点睛】[高分句型1]While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句对原文第二段进行了概括，其中动名词短语作主语、被动结构表达高级)
[高分句型2]To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle. (运用了并列句对第四段进行了概括，其中不定式作目的状语表达高级)
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
【答案】The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to a principle where people who don’t know much in certain areas tend to overestimate themselves. The opposite situation can also happen where capable people underestimate themselves. However, many people may not realize where they lack competence, so it’s advisable to admit the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep humble and learning.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，邓宁-克鲁格效应指的是在某些领域不太了解的人往往高估自己的原则。相反的情况也会发生，有能力的人会低估自己。然而，许多人可能没有意识到他们的能力不足，所以最好承认邓宁-克鲁格效应的存在，并保持谦虚和学习。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills.
②The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves.
③It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence — and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.
2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a rule that people who don’t leanr much in certain areas prefer to overestimate themselves.
The opposite situation where capable people underestimate themselves can also take place.
However, many people may not realize what they lack , so it’s wise to acknowledge the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep modest and learning.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to a principle where people who don’t know much in certain areas tend to overestimate themselves.(运用where引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。)
[高分句型2] However, many people may not realize where they lack competence, so it’s advisable to admit the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep humble and learning.(用where引导宾语从句对第四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。)
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
(For reference only)
A possible version:
Urbanization and technology have made it difficult for children to be close to nature. Actually, outdoor play has many psychological benefits, such as recharging the brain and improving concentration, which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. Meanwhile, outdoor play can help children develop their sensorimotor skill through learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many organizations are offering outdoor activities.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说城市化和科技发展使得孩子们很难接近大自然。事实上，户外游戏有很多心理上的好处，比如
给大脑充电，提高注意力，这对患有多动症的儿童尤其有益。同时，户外游戏可以帮助孩子通过学习体验发展他们的感觉运动技能。意识到这些好处，许多组织都提供户外活动。
【详解】1要点摘录
①With the rise of urbanism（城市化），and the attraction of video games and social media，contact with nature is much rarer than in the past.
②Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established.
③This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfocused. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)（注意力缺陷多动症）were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park，compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area.
④Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of shaping and stretching materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact， known as sensorimotor（感觉运动） development， according to the scientists at the University of Palermo, Italy.
⑤Given the known psychological benefits, many day-care centers and schools are already encouraging greater contact with nature: outdoor lessons, regular nature walks and the construction of mud kitchens that encourage children to play in the dirt.
2. 缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行简化重组，将第4个要点进行简化整合。
3. 遣词造句Urbanization and technology have made it difficult for children to be close to nature. Actually， outdoor play has many psychological benefits, such as recharging the brain and improving concentration, which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. Meanwhile, outdoor play can help children develop their sensorimotor skill through learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many organizations are offering outdoor activities.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Actually， outdoor play has many psychological benefits， such as recharging the brain and improving concentration，which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. 运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段进行了概括。其中动名词短语和which引导的非限定性定语从句等。。
【高分句型2】Realizing these benefits，many organizations are offering outdoor activities. 运用现在分词作状语概括了第五段内容，用法比较高级。
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
(version1)
When you doubt yourself in job-hunting, viewing your own story from a different perspective is helpful. First, look for some possible motives from your previous experiences. Second, dig your strengths and demonstrate them to the employers. If you make full use of these skills, it is more likely for you to get your dream job. (55 words)
(version2)
Your unique story can help you get your dream job successfully. The key is to make good use of the story. First, ask yourself why you want to do this work by referring to your personal experiences. Second, figure out how you can demonstrate your unique strengths to the employers. With these skills, you are more likely to get hired. (60 words)
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在申请自己梦想中的工作时，要改变对自己故事的看法，首先弄清楚自己为什么要做这项工作，其次，在面试时，展现自己的独特品质，以此在所有候选人中脱颖而出。
【详解】
1. 要点摘录
①It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story. ②The first one: why do you want to do this work Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. ③The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have ④When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You're sure to stand out among all the candidates. 2. 缜密构思
将第1、4个要点进行重组，将第2、3个要点进行整合。
3. 遣词造句
When you experience self-doubt in job-hunting, perceiving your own story from a different perspective is helpful. First, look for some possible reasons from your personal experiences. Second, dig your unique qualities and exhibit them to the employers.
If you make full use of these skills, it is more likely to stand out among all the candidates.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】When you doubt yourself in job-hunting，viewing your own story from a different perspective is helpful. （运用了主从复合句对第一段进行概括，其中when引导的时间状语从句、动名词短语作句子主语表达高级）
【高分句型2】If you make full use of these skills，it is more likely for you to get your dream job. （运用了主从复合句对第四段进行概括，其中if引导的条件状语从句表达高级）
概要写作
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Home sweet home-this phrase arouses allsorts of images and feelings. The place you call home might be a house, an apartment, a tent or any of a countless variety of places. But did you know that the condition of your living space can have an impact on your emotions and even on your mental health By controlling some of these variables, you can help to achieve a more peaceful life.
It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood. If the lighting is too weak, it can have a negative effect on your emotions, and your mood may end up matching the dark atmosphere. Artificial light may not do the trick, however. It is better to open your curtains because natural sunlight makes your whole day brighter.
You have to do more than just remove poisonous substances from your home. To ensure good mental health, surround yourself with nature. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood.
Let's all admit it: We have trouble keeping our space clean. Somehow stuff just tends to pile up. But this problem involves more than just aesthetics (美感). It doesn't just look terrible: it makes you feel terrible. A cluttered room both reveals stress and causes stress. Disorder can indicate that you're too busy to keep things tidy, but then looking at a mess can lead to more stress. Straightening up doesn't have to take all day -just take10 or 15 minutes and put a few things away. You'll be surprised how much better you'll feel.
The color palette(用色风格) of your environment does more than passively reflect your color preferences. It also has an active influence on your mood and even your mental health. Choosing colors that create a Calmat mosphere can be a type of therapy.
The sky is the limit to ways you can make your environment beneficial to good mental health. You could put up photos of your family and friends or post encouraging notes from people that show how much they love you. Just remember: Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home" even sweeter.
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71. Does Recycling Work For Plastic？
Dealing with plastic waste is always a tough problem. According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), half of the world’s plastic waste ends up in a landfill, 19% burned, and another 22% escapes waste management systems and goes into uncontrolled dumpsites.
So environmentalists suggest plastic waste should be recycled properly, which proves an effective way to handle other waste like paper, cardboard, metal and glass. However, a new study by Greenpeace, and reporting in the Boston Globe, suggests that recycling plastic is a “myth” and raises a major question about the future: does recycling work Unfortunately, the short answer is “not really. ”
There’s been a lot of debate over what really happens to recycled plastic. But scientists say that recycling plastic waste has mostly failed because it’s very difficult to collect and nearly impossible to sort. Because plastic is often made from harmful materials, it can be harmful to the environment to reprocess.
Much of the solution falls on big companies to change the way they do business. The way forward seems to be mostly to cut down on companies’ reliance on plastic packaging, and to move toward reusable packaging and packaging-free alternatives. Above all, companies need to phase out all single-use plastics. For the consumer, living more plastic-free is the only real solution available. Avoiding drinks in plastic containers, using a travel mug or reusable water bottle, bringing your own reusable bag, buying in bulk and cutting back on pre-packaged foods are all a good start.
But in the end, corporate America needs a deeper commitment to the plastic waste problem. “Companies must take action now to get rid of single-use plastics and packaging and not rely on false solutions such as recycling, ” says Greenpeace.
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Dunning-Kruger Effect
In 1999, social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger did a series of studies evaluating people’s competence in certain areas. The people in the studies were also asked to evaluate their own abilities in each area. Dunning and Kruger found that people who scored very low on the test tended to overestimate their abilities. Later research has indicated that a similar principle applies to other areas as well. This principle has become known as the Dunning-Kruger effect after the researchers who discovered it. The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills. For example, in some situations it takes a scientist to recognize bad science.
The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves. An extreme case of this would be impostor syndrome, which is when a skilled person feels as if they are faking their skills despite knowing what they are doing.
It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence — and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even if someone is very intelligent in general, there are still things they don’t know much about. Expertise (专业知识) in one area cannot always be transferred to other areas.
That’s why it’s important to keep digging for information even when you think you’ve found answers. It can also be helpful to check your ideas with other people. Receiving negative feedback can hurt, but if you’re willing to listen, it can help you grow. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.
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2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
Ⅳ. Summary Writing (71)
Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
With the rise of urbanism(城市化), and the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy. Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt.
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains evolved in natural landscapes. This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfocused. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (注意力缺陷多动症) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.
Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of shaping and stretching materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor (感觉运动) development, according to the scientists at the University of Palermo, Italy. This allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.
Given the known psychological benefits, many day-care centers and schools are already encouraging greater contact with nature: outdoor lessons, regular nature walks and the construction of mud kitchens that encourage children to play in the dirt.
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71. How your unique story can get you hired
You’re sitting at your computer to apply for your dream job, but suddenly you’re not confident enough to get it. So you don’t even submit the application. It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment, especially if you’re people of color, first generation college student, or you don’t have a traditional background. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story.
Ask yourself two questions. The first one: why do you want to do this work Maybe you already know the kind of job or work environment that makes you happy, or maybe you haven’t quite figured that out yet. Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. For example, your brother had to overcome his dyslexia(诵读困难症), and you helped him with his reading. Gradually, you became interested in education. That motivated you to work as a teacher.
The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have For example, you undertook multiple jobs unrelated to your major while you were in college. When you’re in an interview, go ahead and talk about them, because it will show the employer that you have time management skills and a strong passion for work. Employers are looking for well-rounded individuals that are capable of accomplishing various job tasks.
Go back and reflect on those tough questions that you need to answer. The answers are what makes you you. Reframing your story can remake your confidence over and over again, but it takes time. It’s like running a marathon. You have to train and practice. When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You’re sure to stand out among all the candidates.
答案：
2023届上海市宝山区高考二模英语试题
71. One’s living environment can contribute to his health. For example, curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. Also, tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended. In addition, putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人们居住的空间状况会影响人们的情绪，甚至是心灵健康，通过改变一下家的一些可变音素能够让居住者拥有一个更加平静的生活。
【详解】1要点摘录
①By controlling some of these variables, you can help to achieve a more peaceful life. ②It goes without saying that the lighting in your room or in your house can affect your mood.
③Numerous studies have demonstrated that the presence of green plants in your home can improve your mood. ④Let's all admit it: We have trouble keeping our space clean. ⑤Choosing colors that create a calmatmosphere can be a type of therapy.
⑥Just remember: Your surroundings can make your "home sweet home" even sweeter. 2.缜密构思将第②③两个要点进行整合，将第④⑤两个要点进行整合，①⑥两个要点重组。3.遣词造句One's living environment can contribute to his health.
Curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. Also, tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended. In addition, putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A For example，curtains should be drawn to let in more sunlight and adding more green plants will bring better mood. （运用
一个并列句将两个段落的要点连接起来，同时使用动名词短语作主语使得句式结构更丰富）。
【高分句型2】： Also， tidy and clean space can help reduce pressure and appropriate color is highly recommended.（运用被动语态使句子表达不单一，使用并列连词and连接两个要点使内容更简洁，表达非常高级）
【高分句型3】：In addition，putting up photos or positive posts can be beneficial to mental health.（运用in addition将最后一个要点连接，使得更连贯，句子使用动名词短语作主语的形式）
2023届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题
【答案】One possible version:
While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests. Plastic waste is hard to gather and classify as its reprocessing may release something harmful. To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，尽管环保人士建议回收塑料垃圾，但这种做法似乎行不通。塑料垃圾很难收集和分类，因为再处理可能会释放有害物质。为了解决这个问题，企业应该减少对塑料包装的依赖，对环境负责，消费者应该采取无塑料的生活方式。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①So environmentalists suggest plastic waste should be recycled properly, which proves an effective way to handle other waste like paper, cardboard, metal and glass.
②However, a new study by Greenpeace, and reporting in the Boston Globe, suggests that recycling plastic is a “myth” and raises a major question about the future: does recycling work Unfortunately, the short answer is “not really.”
③But scientists say that recycling plastic waste has mostly failed because it’s very difficult to collect and nearly impossible to sort. Because plastic is often made from harmful materials, it can be harmful to the environment to reprocess.
④The way forward seems to be mostly to cut down on companies’ reliance on plastic packaging, and to move toward reusable packaging and packaging-free alternatives.
2. 缜密构思
将1、2两个要点进行简化重组，将3、4两个要点进行简化整合。
3. 遣词造句
While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests.
Plastic waste is hard to gather and classify as its reprocessing may release something harmful.
To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle.
【点睛】[高分句型1]While recycling plastic waste is recommended by environmentalists, the practice seems unworkable, as a new study suggests. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句对原文第二段进行了概括，其中动名词短语作主语、被动结构表达高级)
[高分句型2]To address the problem, companies should be environmentally responsible by reducing their dependence on plastic packaging and consumers should adopt a plastic-free lifestyle. (运用了并列句对第四段进行了概括，其中不定式作目的状语表达高级)
2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷
【答案】The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to a principle where people who don’t know much in certain areas tend to overestimate themselves. The opposite situation can also happen where capable people underestimate themselves. However, many people may not realize where they lack competence, so it’s advisable to admit the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep humble and learning.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，邓宁-克鲁格效应指的是在某些领域不太了解的人往往高估自己的原则。相反的情况也会发生，有能力的人会低估自己。然而，许多人可能没有意识到他们的能力不足，所以最好承认邓宁-克鲁格效应的存在，并保持谦虚和学习。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs because only when people have skills in a given area are they equipped to evaluate their own skills.
②The opposite of the Dunning-Kruger effect also happens: capable people have a more accurate view of their own abilities, and sometimes they even underestimate themselves.
③It’s tempting to think of the Dunning-Kruger effect as a problem that other people have. People may even laugh at those who think themselves more competent than they are. But everyone has areas where they lack competence — and the Dunning-Kruger effect means they may be especially bad at identifying those areas. Even just keeping in mind that the Dunning-Kruger effect exists can help you stay humble, accept criticism and, thus, keep learning throughout your life.
2.缜密构思将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a rule that people who don’t leanr much in certain areas prefer to overestimate themselves.
The opposite situation where capable people underestimate themselves can also take place.
However, many people may not realize what they lack , so it’s wise to acknowledge the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep modest and learning.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The Dunning-Kruger effect refers to a principle where people who don’t know much in certain areas tend to overestimate themselves.(运用where引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。)
[高分句型2] However, many people may not realize where they lack competence, so it’s advisable to admit the existence of the Dunning-Kruger effect and keep humble and learning.(用where引导宾语从句对第四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。)
2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷
(For reference only)
A possible version:
Urbanization and technology have made it difficult for children to be close to nature. Actually, outdoor play has many psychological benefits, such as recharging the brain and improving concentration, which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. Meanwhile, outdoor play can help children develop their sensorimotor skill through learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many organizations are offering outdoor activities.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说城市化和科技发展使得孩子们很难接近大自然。事实上，户外游戏有很多心理上的好处，比如
给大脑充电，提高注意力，这对患有多动症的儿童尤其有益。同时，户外游戏可以帮助孩子通过学习体验发展他们的感觉运动技能。意识到这些好处，许多组织都提供户外活动。
【详解】1要点摘录
①With the rise of urbanism（城市化），and the attraction of video games and social media，contact with nature is much rarer than in the past.
②Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established.
③This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfocused. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)（注意力缺陷多动症）were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park，compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area.
④Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of shaping and stretching materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact， known as sensorimotor（感觉运动） development， according to the scientists at the University of Palermo, Italy.
⑤Given the known psychological benefits, many day-care centers and schools are already encouraging greater contact with nature: outdoor lessons, regular nature walks and the construction of mud kitchens that encourage children to play in the dirt.
2. 缜密构思将第2、3两个要点进行简化重组，将第4个要点进行简化整合。
3. 遣词造句Urbanization and technology have made it difficult for children to be close to nature. Actually， outdoor play has many psychological benefits, such as recharging the brain and improving concentration, which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. Meanwhile, outdoor play can help children develop their sensorimotor skill through learning experience. Realizing these benefits, many organizations are offering outdoor activities.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Actually， outdoor play has many psychological benefits， such as recharging the brain and improving concentration，which is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. 运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第二段进行了概括。其中动名词短语和which引导的非限定性定语从句等。。
【高分句型2】Realizing these benefits，many organizations are offering outdoor activities. 运用现在分词作状语概括了第五段内容，用法比较高级。
2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷
(version1)
When you doubt yourself in job-hunting, viewing your own story from a different perspective is helpful. First, look for some possible motives from your previous experiences. Second, dig your strengths and demonstrate them to the employers. If you make full use of these skills, it is more likely for you to get your dream job. (55 words)
(version2)
Your unique story can help you get your dream job successfully. The key is to make good use of the story. First, ask yourself why you want to do this work by referring to your personal experiences. Second, figure out how you can demonstrate your unique strengths to the employers. With these skills, you are more likely to get hired. (60 words)
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在申请自己梦想中的工作时，要改变对自己故事的看法，首先弄清楚自己为什么要做这项工作，其次，在面试时，展现自己的独特品质，以此在所有候选人中脱颖而出。
【详解】
1. 要点摘录
①It is natural for you to experience self-doubt at such a crucial moment. The secret is to transform how you perceive your own story. ②The first one: why do you want to do this work Usually, your personal experiences can help give you clues. ③The second question you have to ask yourself: how can you tell your story to exhibit the unique qualities you have ④When you learn to practice your story, tell it with assurance. You're sure to stand out among all the candidates. 2. 缜密构思
将第1、4个要点进行重组，将第2、3个要点进行整合。
3. 遣词造句
When you experience self-doubt in job-hunting, perceiving your own story from a different perspective is helpful. First, look for some possible reasons from your personal experiences. Second, dig your unique qualities and exhibit them to the employers.
If you make full use of these skills, it is more likely to stand out among all the candidates.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】When you doubt yourself in job-hunting，viewing your own story from a different perspective is helpful. （运用了主从复合句对第一段进行概括，其中when引导的时间状语从句、动名词短语作句子主语表达高级）
【高分句型2】If you make full use of these skills，it is more likely for you to get your dream job. （运用了主从复合句对第四段进行概括，其中if引导的条件状语从句表达高级）