初中英语必备常见短语汇总（按字母表顺序--J&K开头）
join in v.参加(某活动)
辨析：join in:表示“参加某活动”，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。
attend:指出席、参加某种场合，侧重动作。
take part in:指参加某项活动，并在活动中起一定作用。
She listens but she never joins in她只是听，但从不发表意见。
join...in... v.和……一起...
join后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，in后接表示某项活动的名词或动词ing形式。
Will you join us in our discussion 你愿意加入到我们的讨论中来吗
join up v.入伍，参军;(使)联合
作“入伍，参军”时，为不及物动词短语。
He joined up last year.他去年参军了
just now adv.刚才;此时，现在
辨析：just now:表示“刚才”时，常用于一般过去时，不用于完成时。
just:通常用于现在完成时，位于助动词与实义动词之间。
I saw her in the supermarket just now刚才我在超市见到她了
Jack of all trades, (and )master of none.
样样皆通，样样稀松。
keep away v.不靠近;远离
是不及物动词短语，其后接宾语时，需加介词from
keep away from sb/sth不让某人/物接近
Keep away from the edge of the cliff切勿靠近悬崖边。
keep back v.抑制;留下;隐瞒;保持距离
I tried to keep back my tears but failed我竭力忍住眼泪但没忍住。
keep doing sth v.不停地做某事
辨析：keep doing sth;强调动作的连续性和客观性，常含不间断之意。
keep on doing sth:强调动作的重复性。
keep sb doing sth让某人一直做事
The little girl kept crying小女孩一直哭
keep fit v.保持健康
keep healthy保持健康
She keeps fit by swimming every morning
她每天早上游泳来保持身体健康。
keep... from v.阻止……做...
from后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。
Prevent/stop from阻止……做
I hope I'm not keeping you from your work希望我没有妨碍你工作。
keep... in mind v.记住
keep后可接sb/sth作宾语。
He asked us to keep his advice in mind他要求我们要牢记他的建议。
keep in touch (with) v.(与……)保持联系
lose touch(with)(与……)失去联系
get in touch(with)(与……)取得联系
Are you still keeping in touch with your old friends
你跟你的老朋友还有联系吗
keep off v.让开;不接近
Keep off the grass.请勿践踏草地。
keep on doing sth v.继续做某事
I've told him to stop but he keeps on crying我叫他不要哭了，但他还是哭个不停。
keep one’s mind on v.专心于
put one’s mind to专心于
It's difficult to keep my mind on the job.我很难专心工作
keep one's promise v.遵守诺言
keep one’s word遵守诺言
break one’s promise违背诺言
make a promise许下诺言
She keeps her promise to visit her aunt regularly.
她信守承诺，定期去看望姑姑。
keep out v.不让…进入
I need a new coat. This one doesn’t keep out the cold.
我需要一件新外套。这件不能御寒。
keep silent v.保持沉默
keep quiet保持安静 break the silence打破沉默
It's bad manners to keep silent when you are asked questions.
当别人问你问题时，保持沉默是不礼貌的。
keep up with v.跟上;不落后
catch up with赶上;超过
In order to keep up with others, he works hard
为了赶上其他人，他工作很努力。
kick off v.踢掉鞋子;(中场)开球;开始
The boy kicked off his shoes when he was playing football
在踢足球时，男孩踢掉了鞋子。
kind of adv.有几分;有点儿
在句中作状语，相当于a little，修饰形容词、副词/动词。
It's kind of dangerous to work there在那儿工作有点儿危险
knock at /on v.敲;敲击
不用于被动语态。
knock at/on the door敲门
I knocked at /on the door, but nobody answered我敲了门，但没有人应声。
knock down v.击倒;撞倒
可以分开使用，常用于被动语态。
knock sb down将某人击倒 knock sth down拆除
He was knocked down by a drunk driver他被一名醉汉开车撞倒了。
knock into v.与……相撞
into在此是介词，不论宾语是名词还是代词，都要置于into后。
knock...into...把...敲进...
Be careful! Don＇t knock into other people，小心别撞着人。
knock over v.撞伤;撞死
代词作宾语时，要置于 knock和over之间。
Beth was knocked over by a motorcyclist when she was crossing the street.
贝斯横穿马路时被一个骑摩托车的人撞伤了。
know about v.知道;了解
know much/little about对…了解得多/少
辨析：know about:指了解关于…的情况或信息。
know of:指听说过某事，但不是亲眼目睹。
I don't know about you, but I'm ready for something to eat.
不管你怎么样，反正我要吃点儿东西。
know of v.得知;听说过
指间接从别人那里听说或者了解。
I don't know the singer, but I know of her.
我不认识这位歌手，但我听说过她。
know...by heart v.背诵;记住
You should know the text by heart.
你应该把课文背诵下来。
Keep on going, never give up！
勇往直前，决不放弃!初中英语必备常见短语汇总（J&K开头）练习
v.参加(某活动)
v.和……一起...
v.入伍，参军;(使)联合
adv.刚才;此时，现在
样样皆通，样样稀松。
v.不靠近;远离
v.抑制;留下;隐瞒;保持距离
v.不停地做某事
v.保持健康
v.阻止……做...
v.记住
v.(与……)保持联系
v.让开;不接近
v.继续做某事
v.专心于
v.遵守诺言
v.不让…进入
v.保持沉默
v.跟上;不落后
v.踢掉鞋子;(中场)开球;开始
adv.有几分;有点儿
v.敲;敲击
v.击倒;撞倒
v.与……相撞
v.撞伤;撞死
v.知道;了解
v.得知;听说过
v.背诵;记住
勇往直前，决不放弃!
