2023重庆中考复习专项--阅读理解（无答案）

2023重庆中考复习专项---阅读理解
阅读理解是中考英语中非常重要的一部分，所占分数比例较大。文章体裁涉及也很广，主要有记叙文，说明文，议论文，应用文；主要题型有主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题等。
解题步骤：
一、先读问题，弄清考查要点
二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌
三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词
四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案
1．主旨大意题
此类题目考查学生对整篇文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，所以要统览全篇。在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心思想，捕捉主题句，因为一些显性的答案可以从主题句中直接找出，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。
主题句一般具有以下特征：
①概括全段思想。
②一般位于段首、段尾或段中。
③解这种题目时，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。
主旨题常见的命题形式：
①The main idea of this text may be …
②This passage is mainly about …
③The author's purpose in writing this text …
④Which of the following is the best title for the passage
⑤What's the topic of the text
⑥The passage gives us …
2．推理判断题
这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理。
注意事项：
①与原文相同的细节不能选；
②推理的根据来自于上下文；
③不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；
④在提问中常用的词有suggest，mean，infer(推断)，from the fact，indicate(暗示)，conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to等。
推断题常有的命题形式：
①It can be known from the text that …
②From the text we know that …
③The story implies that …
④The paragraph following the passage will most probably be …
⑤The writer suggests that …
3．细节理解题
首先是直接理解性题目，这种题目只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。
4．词义猜测题
这类问题需要根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。
注意事项：
①注意一些过渡词语，如that is，this is，in other words等，它们直接引出了同义解释；
②注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果、让步、递进、转折、列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。
③注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句、相似或相反的结构等。
(2022·重庆A卷)“Lots of restaurants say they're the best.To be honest，we are not and we've never said we are.We just try to be a little bit better every day，”said Mr.Yang，who runs a restaurant named Grandpa Yang in Chongqing.
Yang started the restaurant in 2011.He was unhappy when quite a lot of food was left uneaten.“If customers know more about the food before they order，they will know what to pick，”he thought.So he decided to write something about each dish on his menu online.
Now there is something about the food.“Compared with our General Tao Chicken, this one is not THAT good，”says the introduction of Orange Beef.Another introduction warns，“Don't let the name fool you.This one is NOT a real Sichuan dish.”
“People often search online to find the right restaurant.I don't want them to say，‘Oh，it's one of the best in the area，and it must be very good，' but then they come here only to find it's not so good，”Yang said.“Customers should read more about the food before they order，not only my introductions，but also other customers' opinions.”
Thanks to his honesty，the restaurant is having a moment under the sun.“It's been a very exciting and busy time，”said Yang，“and I love it.”
1．The restaurant Grandpa Yang was started .
A．in 2001 B．in 2011
C．in 2012 D．in 2021
【解析】　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Yang started the restaurant in 2011.”可知，Mr.Yang于2011年创办了这家餐厅。故选B。
2．Mr.Yang was unhappy when .
A．the food was almost sold out
B．customers know a lot about the food
C．customers found the food unhealthy
D．quite a lot of food was left uneaten
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“He was unhappy when quite a lot of food was left uneaten.”可知，当很多食物没吃完时，他很不高兴。故选D。
3．Mr.Yang thinks that .
A．his restaurant is the best
B．people shouldn't search online
C．General Tao Chicken is good
D．customers shouldn't say anything
【解析】　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“Compared with our General Tao Chicken，this one is not THAT good”可知，Orange Beef与General Tao Chicken相比，General Tao Chicken更好。故选C。
4．According to the passage，the restaurant becomes successful mainly because .
A．it offers good service
B．Mr.Yang is honest
C．it offers a good price
D．Mr.Yang is foolish
【解析】　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Thanks to his honesty，the restaurant is having a moment under the sun.”可知，由于他的诚实，这家餐厅经历了一段美好的时光。因此可推断，Mr.Yang的餐厅成功的原因主要是他的诚实。故选B。
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章由Mr.Yang提出“很多餐馆称赞自己是最好的”引出话题，通过Mr.Yang对观察到的自己餐馆内的实际情况的叙述——有很多食物没吃完这一现象，进而引出Mr.Yang为解决这个问题做出的努力。文章呼吁我们提高节约意识，并希望商家能坚守诚信。
Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun.What about free time with parents around？Some teenagers want free play without parents' supervision(监管) while parents and experts(专家) may think differently.
Lin Tao，a middle school student，thinks teenagers should be free to play.“Last time I played with my parents around，I was nervous and just couldn't enjoy myself to the fullest，”Lin says.“And my friend Chen Xiaoxin has similar experiences.Once，he went out to play with his classmates.Everyone felt uncomfortable with his mother's supervision.”
Wang Min，a mother of a 14-year-old boy，thinks playtime needs supervision.She explains，“People usually say I like to control my kid，but that's not true.I am just worried that he will get into trouble.Some guys may have a bad influence on him，and some games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him.He might even get indulged in the stories and can't get back to real life.”
Mr.Ma，a doctor of social studies，says it's understandable for teenagers to wish for freedom.Free play helps them to be independent.Parents can give them more space.They don't have to supervise them all the time.However，teenagers should find out the exact details(细节) about the activities before playtime.Then they can communicate with their parents and decide together whether they can go out to play alone.
1．According to the passage，free time is a good chance for teenagers to .
A．study hard
B．have fun
C．get into trouble
D．mislead parents
2．Lin Tao supports his own idea by .
A．listing numbers B．raising questions
C．comparing facts D．giving examples
3．The underlined words “get indulged in”in Para.(段落) 3 probably mean “ ”．
A．get lost in B．get interested in
C．be tired of D．be proud of
4．According to the passage，which of the following may Mr.Ma support
A．He Kai's parents are around every time he plays with his friends.
B．Feng Zhongfan's parents never ask him about whom he plays with.
C．Liu Xiang goes out without knowing anything about the activities.
D．Xie Hao talks to his parents about the exact details before playtime.
①On January 4th，the China National Traditional Orchestra(中央民族乐团) played some well-known traditional music in their concert.Audiences(观众)enjoyed the beautiful sounds of guzheng，the powerful tunes of suona，the tearful notes of erhu and so on.Each traditional Chinese musical instrument tells its own story.
②“I've fallen in love with the sounds of traditional instruments，especially pipa，a four-stringed(弦) instrument with a history of more than 2，000 years.It can produce different sounds，such as the sounds of falling snow and raindrops.Every time I listen to a pipa tune，I have a strong feeling of peace，”said Yang Tian，an audience of the concert.
③However，a recent report suggests ▲ ．To wake up people's love for traditional music，something creative has been done.
④In some traditional music concerts，VR(虚拟现实) technology is used to bring the starry sky or the beautiful sandy view of Dunhuang to the music hall.It makes the experience like wat-ching a 3D movie.
⑤Li Xiaobing，a music teacher from Beijing，mixes traditional folk(民间) singing，operas and Chinese instruments through technology.People are surprised at his works and they love them!
⑥Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music.They bring modern music like pop and rap into traditional music.When the east meets the west，the new form of music wins the hearts of both the old and the young.
⑦Traditional music shows the beauty of our culture，and with some creativity，great things happen.
1．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ？
A．pipa can not produce the sound of falling snow
B．traditional music is much better than modern music
C．the number of traditional music listeners is dropping
D．more young people show interest in traditional music
2．To wake up people's love for traditional music，Li Xiaobing .
A．tells many tearful stories
B．makes good 3D movies
C．mixes traditional music
D．sings pop and rap songs
3．The structure(结构) of the passage is .
4．According to the passage，the writer believes .
A．traditional music should only be played in concerts
B．the ways to play traditional music must be changed
C．traditional music must remain unchanged all the time
D．traditional music with creativity will be more popular