2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习:专题三 完形填空 第二讲瞻前顾后稳蠕内句组层次题课件(共39张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习:专题三 完形填空 第二讲瞻前顾后稳蠕内句组层次题课件(共39张PPT) |  | |
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(共39张PPT)
第二讲 瞻前顾后 稳取句内、句组层次题
一、5 大方法速判句内层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
[典例] [2022·全国甲卷] The next week we 47.walked our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our __48__， Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚) I liked him too, but so 49.soon
48．A.breath B．balance
C．attention D．imagination
解析：根据上文中的“It was a hot day”可知，作者和史蒂夫停下来喘口气(catch one's breath)。由此可知正确选项。
方法2利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷] However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42.bad at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies __43__.
43．A.exposed B．examined
C．untouched D．imbalanced
解析：本题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。由生活常识及“They often cover only their eyes with their hands，”可推断，小朋友在捉迷藏时只用手盖住他们自己的眼睛，身体其他部分还都暴露在外，没有藏好。
方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷]We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47.child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48.ears. We then asked the child if she could __49__ or hear the adult.
49．A.see B．help C．reach D．fool
解析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
We then asked the child if she could
49 or hear the adult.
动词 并列连词 动词
从上述分析可以看出，第49题与hear形成对应关系。因为有or这一并列连词，且上句中的“eyes”与此空 “see”相呼应， “hear”与上句中的48空“ears”相呼应，由此可知正确选项。
方法4 利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[典例] [2022·新高考Ⅰ卷] I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44.uncomfortable，and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __45__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
45．A.due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。前文说作者给15个月大的孩子系上绳子，孩子因不舒服而哭叫。特别有连词so表示因果关系，空后表达作者只能紧盯着孩子，不再(instead of)用绳子拴着他。
方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例] [2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful
解析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的”
二、4大技巧稳抓句组层次题
句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
技巧1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
1．原词复现
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷] We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each __47__ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48.ears. We then asked the child if she could 49.see or hear the adult.
47．A.parent B．child
C．researcher D．doctor
解析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据“We brought young children...”及本空下一句中“the child”的提示可推断，此处跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的每一位儿童。
2．同义复现
[典例] [2021·3月天津高考]For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17.emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead．
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
解析：本题可以利用同义词复现解题。根据下文的After letting go of his anger and frustration可知，此处和“anger” “frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。
3．反义复现
[典例] [2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our48.roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds.51.Slow__down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high pressure than I'd 52.expected．
50．A.harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
解析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管上文提到了“Our 48.roles in the factory were simple”，但根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”和“a little more high pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成了反义复现。
4．代词复现
[典例] [2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed__off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go.
57．A.woman B．police C．man D．driver
解析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有police是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。
技巧2 利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
[典例] [2022·全国甲卷]You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their __41__ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A.ownership B.membership
C．companionship D．leadership
解析：本题可以利用作者的态度或感彩关联解题。根据“enjoyed living with my dogs”可知，作者喜欢和两只宠物狗一起生活，两只狗的陪伴能让作者避免孤单。
技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
[典例1] [2021·天津卷3月]In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self worth, and promote feelings of community. __32__， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
解析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就感。otherwise“否则，不然”；however“但是”；somehow“以某种方式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。
[典例2] [2022·全国乙卷] For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44.interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our __45__ research results in child developmental psychology 46.contradicted that idea.
45．A.disappointing B．mixed
C．surprising D．desired
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据本句中But提示语义转折可知，这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全“以自我为中心”的人的证据，但是我们在儿童发展心理学方面的研究发现反驳(contradicted)了那个观点， 故推测研究结果是“令人惊奇的”。
技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例1] [2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A.filled B．locked C．abandoned D．lost
解析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
[典例2] [2022·浙江卷1月]Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39.similar__problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in __40__. “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41.insignificant，” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42.compromised．”
40．A.turn B．peace C．vain D．silence
解析： 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据下文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都一声不吭地受着折磨。
练重点练难点
创新应用体验
Test 1
[2022·福州市高三质量检测] Once upon a time, my father and I got lost in a forest in France. I must have been about twelve or thirteen. Anyway, it was before the time when most people __1__ a mobile phone. It was in the Loire Valley. About half an hour later, my dad __2__ the truth. “Oh, it seems that we're lost.” We walked around and around in circles, trying to find the path, __3__ with no luck. I could tell my dad was starting to __4__， even if he was trying to hide it from me. We had been in the forest for hours then and we both knew my mom would be in a state of absolute __5__. At school, I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness and I found it easy to __6__ that would be our fate too. “If we keep going in a __7__ line, we'll get out of here，” my dad said.
1.A.owned B．borrowed C．invented D．promoted
2．A.revealed B．realized C．told D．faced
3．A.all B．therefore C．yet D．so
4．A.complain B．erupt C．regret D．panic
5．A.terror B．anger C．disappointment D．loss
6．A.decide B．announce C．imagine D．clarify
7．A.simple B．short C．straight D．similar
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——一路向前，走向希望
【语篇解读】 作者年少时和父亲外出的时候，在法国的一片森林里迷了路。他们绕了很多圈，毫无进展。最后，父亲提议一路向前，他们终于走出了森林。这个策略也在作者以后的生活中发挥了很大的作用，并使作者深受启发：勇往直前，方能战胜困难。
1．答案与解析：A 根据上句“I must have been about twelve or thirteen”可知，作者当时只有十二三岁，当时还没有到大部分人可以拥有手机的时期。
2．答案与解析：B 根据作者父亲所说的话“Oh，it seems that we're lost”可知，大约半个小时后，父亲才意识到他们迷路了。
3．答案与解析：C 结合语境可知，空前的“我们不停地绕圈，试图找到出去的路”和空后的“运气不佳”形成了转折。
4．答案与解析：D 根据空后的“even if he was trying to hide it from me”可以推测，尽管父亲在试图掩饰，但是作者可以看出他已经开始慌了。erupt “喷发；爆发”。
5．答案与解析：A 根据本句中的“We had been in the forest for hours”和常识可知，他们已经在森林里迷路几个小时了，因此，他们都知道作者的母亲会很恐惧。
6．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，作者在学校听过登山者在野外死亡的故事，因此，在森林里迷路几个小时之后，作者很容易会想到那也会是他们的命运。clarify“澄清，阐明”。
7．答案与解析：C 结合下文中的描述以及结尾部分的“keep walking forward”可知，作者的父亲建议走直线。
And he was right. __8__ we heard the sounds of cars and __9__ a main road. We were eleven miles from the village where we had __10__， but at least we had signposts. And I often think of that strategy, when I am totally __11__ —literally or metaphorically. I thought of it when I was in the middle of a __12__， and when my heart beat rapidly with __13__ and I didn't know how I could carry on living. Walking one foot in front of the other, in the same __14__， will always get you further than running around in circles. It's about the __15__ to keep walking forward.
8．A.Regularly B．Eventually C．Surprisingly D．Generally
9．A.chose B．missed C．followed D．reached
10．A.set off B．passed C．called on D．lived
11．A.lost B．sensitive C．angry D．stuck
12．A.term B. race C．performance D．breakdown
13．A.excitement B．surprise C．fear D．interest
14．A.way B．cycle C．direction D．distance
15．A.ambition B．determination C．inspiration D．cooperation
8．答案与解析：B 根据语境和空前的“he was right”可知，他们最终听到了车声，到达了大路。
9．答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
10．答案与解析：A 根据上句中讲到的到达大路和下文中的“at least we had signposts”可以推测，路标可以指引他们到达出发(set off)的村庄。call on“探访”。
11．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，空前的“that strategy”指的是作者和父亲在迷路时用的策略，所以作者在迷路或迷惘的时候，经常会想起那个策略。
12．答案与解析：D 本句是对上一句的阐述，作者会在精神崩溃、因为害怕而心跳加速等时想起这个策略。
13．答案与解析：C 参见上题解析。
14．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“will always get you further than running around in circles”可知，一步一步地朝着相同的方向会让你走得更远。
15．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，无论你是真的迷路还是感到迷惘，都要有一路向前的决心。
Test 2
[2022·石家庄高三质量检测(二)]Your first day anywhere can be tough. As a supply teacher, I had one such experience when I was __1__ to work at a special education school.
When I received the call asking if I was available that day, a wave of __2__ rushed over me. I'd never taught in a special school before, but I __3__ pulled myself together and drove to the school. On the way there, I had __4__ about everything I couldn't do.
As I __5__， I was greeted by the head who __6__ me there was “nothing to worry about”， but I was feeling anything but ! I was told I would teach Key Stage 1.
1．A.forced B．required
C．allowed D．guided
2．A.panic B．sadness
C．anger D．sympathy
3．A.hesitantly B．regularly
C．eventually D．desperately
4．A.plans B．thoughts
C．doubts D．opinions
5．A.broke up B．sped up
C．picked up D．pulled up
6．A.assured B．warned
C．reminded D．informed
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——在特殊教育学校教书
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者在一所特殊教育学校的一日教书经历。起初，作者心里满是担忧，但是学生们的表现超出了他的预期，给了他很大的触动。那天结束后，作者认为这是自己教学生涯中最棒的经历之一，并希望其他人也可以投入到特殊教育中，让那里的孩子们的热情唤醒自己对教学的热情。
1．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“When I received the call asking if I was available”可知，作者被要求去一所特殊教育学校教书。
2．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“nothing to worry about”和“I tried to __8__ my anxious feelings”可以推断出，作者听到这个请求的时候，内心很恐慌。
3．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“pulled myself together and drove to the school”可以看出，作者最终接受了这个请求。
4．答案与解析：B 根据语境和常识可知，作者在去那所特殊教育学校的路上，想了自己不能做的所有事情。
5．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“drove to the school”和下文中的“I was greeted by the head”可知，作者停下车时，受到了校长的欢迎。pull up“停车；停止”。
6．答案与解析：A 根据后面的“there was‘nothing to worry about’”可知，校长向作者保证没有什么可担心的。
__7__ by their parents, the children began to show up. I tried to __8__ my anxious feelings, although a few drops of __9__ were noticeable.
The whole class, a total of 8 with various special needs, arrived by 9：30. Contrary to my __10__， as the day went on, my __11__ levels went down. The children were expressive, unique and passionate, though there were times that left me slightly __12__ by their screams.
As the day ended, I could __13__ say it was one of the best experiences of my teaching career. I hope anyone will __14__ working at a special school and allow the passion of the children there to __15__ their love of teaching.,
7．A.Abandoned B. Suspected C．Accompanied D．Raised
8．A.maintain B．hide C．spread D．enhance
9．A.ink B．rain C．sweat D．blood
10．A.decisions B．conclusions C．suggestions D．predictions
11．A.stress B．education C．energy D．confidence
12．A.inspired B．refreshed C．shocked D．satisfied
13．A.regretfully B．honestly C．jokingly D．patiently
14．A.admit B．recommend C．tolerate D．consider
15．A.celebrate B．earn C．guarantee D．awaken
7．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“a total of 8 with various special needs”和常识可知，特殊学校的孩子需要家长陪同去学校。
8．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，作者上课前努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。
9．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，尽管几滴汗水显而易见但作者努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。
10．答案与解析：D 根据上文中对作者出发前的描述和下文中的“The children were expressive, unique and passionate”可知，学生的实际表现与作者之前的预测相反。
11．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“The children were expressive，unique and passionate”可知，孩子们的表现很好，作者没有那么紧张了。
12．答案与解析：C 作者尽管对学生们的表现较为满意，但有几次还是有点被他们的尖叫所惊到了。
13．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“I hope anyone will __14__ working at a special school”可知，作者真的认为这是自己教学生涯中最棒的经历之一。
14．答案与解析：D 结合上文内容可知，作者认为这次经历很棒，因此希望其他人也可以考虑来特殊学校教书。
15．答案与解析：D 结合上文内容可知，作者希望其他人也可以考虑来特殊学校教书，让那里的学生的热情唤醒他们的教学热情。
第二讲 瞻前顾后 稳取句内、句组层次题
一、5 大方法速判句内层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
方法1利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
[典例] [2022·全国甲卷] The next week we 47.walked our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our __48__， Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚) I liked him too, but so 49.soon
48．A.breath B．balance
C．attention D．imagination
解析：根据上文中的“It was a hot day”可知，作者和史蒂夫停下来喘口气(catch one's breath)。由此可知正确选项。
方法2利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷] However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42.bad at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies __43__.
43．A.exposed B．examined
C．untouched D．imbalanced
解析：本题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。由生活常识及“They often cover only their eyes with their hands，”可推断，小朋友在捉迷藏时只用手盖住他们自己的眼睛，身体其他部分还都暴露在外，没有藏好。
方法3 利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷]We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47.child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48.ears. We then asked the child if she could __49__ or hear the adult.
49．A.see B．help C．reach D．fool
解析：本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
We then asked the child if she could
49 or hear the adult.
动词 并列连词 动词
从上述分析可以看出，第49题与hear形成对应关系。因为有or这一并列连词，且上句中的“eyes”与此空 “see”相呼应， “hear”与上句中的48空“ears”相呼应，由此可知正确选项。
方法4 利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[典例] [2022·新高考Ⅰ卷] I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44.uncomfortable，and his crying let the whole campground know it. So __45__ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
45．A.due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。前文说作者给15个月大的孩子系上绳子，孩子因不舒服而哭叫。特别有连词so表示因果关系，空后表达作者只能紧盯着孩子，不再(instead of)用绳子拴着他。
方法5 利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例] [2021·全国卷乙]She was__49__for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge，we shared in her50.delight at her recovery. As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
49．A.grateful B．thoughtful C．sorrowful D．fearful
解析：本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thoughtful“周到的，体贴的”；sorrowful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的，害怕的”
二、4大技巧稳抓句组层次题
句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需瞻前顾后，综合意群信息解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
技巧1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
1．原词复现
[典例] [2022·全国乙卷] We brought young children aged 2－4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each __47__ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48.ears. We then asked the child if she could 49.see or hear the adult.
47．A.parent B．child
C．researcher D．doctor
解析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据“We brought young children...”及本空下一句中“the child”的提示可推断，此处跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的每一位儿童。
2．同义复现
[典例] [2021·3月天津高考]For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17.emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead．
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
解析：本题可以利用同义词复现解题。根据下文的After letting go of his anger and frustration可知，此处和“anger” “frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。
3．反义复现
[典例] [2021·新高考Ⅰ卷]Our48.roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds.51.Slow__down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night，it was all a little more high pressure than I'd 52.expected．
50．A.harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
解析：本题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管上文提到了“Our 48.roles in the factory were simple”，但根据下文中的“the cakes pile up”和“a little more high pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成了反义复现。
4．代词复现
[典例] [2016·全国卷Ⅰ]Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56.backed__off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the __57__ if he was needed or 58.free to go. They let him and the other man go.
57．A.woman B．police C．man D．driver
解析：本题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是这些急救人员。下文中的代词“They”是复数，四个选项中只有police是集合名词，表示复数，也符合常识。
技巧2 利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
[典例] [2022·全国甲卷]You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their __41__ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A.ownership B.membership
C．companionship D．leadership
解析：本题可以利用作者的态度或感彩关联解题。根据“enjoyed living with my dogs”可知，作者喜欢和两只宠物狗一起生活，两只狗的陪伴能让作者避免孤单。
技巧3 利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。
[典例1] [2021·天津卷3月]In addition to 31.practical skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self worth, and promote feelings of community. __32__， the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
32．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
解析：本题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就感。otherwise“否则，不然”；however“但是”；somehow“以某种方式”；meanwhile“与此同时”。
[典例2] [2022·全国乙卷] For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44.interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our __45__ research results in child developmental psychology 46.contradicted that idea.
45．A.disappointing B．mixed
C．surprising D．desired
解析：本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据本句中But提示语义转折可知，这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全“以自我为中心”的人的证据，但是我们在儿童发展心理学方面的研究发现反驳(contradicted)了那个观点， 故推测研究结果是“令人惊奇的”。
技巧4 利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[典例1] [2021·全国卷甲]Burchill was 41.staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42.visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he __44__ a suitcase full of pepperoni.
44．A.filled B．locked C．abandoned D．lost
解析：本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east”，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。
[典例2] [2022·浙江卷1月]Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39.similar__problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in __40__. “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41.insignificant，” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42.compromised．”
40．A.turn B．peace C．vain D．silence
解析： 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据下文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都一声不吭地受着折磨。
练重点练难点
创新应用体验
Test 1
[2022·福州市高三质量检测] Once upon a time, my father and I got lost in a forest in France. I must have been about twelve or thirteen. Anyway, it was before the time when most people __1__ a mobile phone. It was in the Loire Valley. About half an hour later, my dad __2__ the truth. “Oh, it seems that we're lost.” We walked around and around in circles, trying to find the path, __3__ with no luck. I could tell my dad was starting to __4__， even if he was trying to hide it from me. We had been in the forest for hours then and we both knew my mom would be in a state of absolute __5__. At school, I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness and I found it easy to __6__ that would be our fate too. “If we keep going in a __7__ line, we'll get out of here，” my dad said.
1.A.owned B．borrowed C．invented D．promoted
2．A.revealed B．realized C．told D．faced
3．A.all B．therefore C．yet D．so
4．A.complain B．erupt C．regret D．panic
5．A.terror B．anger C．disappointment D．loss
6．A.decide B．announce C．imagine D．clarify
7．A.simple B．short C．straight D．similar
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——一路向前，走向希望
【语篇解读】 作者年少时和父亲外出的时候，在法国的一片森林里迷了路。他们绕了很多圈，毫无进展。最后，父亲提议一路向前，他们终于走出了森林。这个策略也在作者以后的生活中发挥了很大的作用，并使作者深受启发：勇往直前，方能战胜困难。
1．答案与解析：A 根据上句“I must have been about twelve or thirteen”可知，作者当时只有十二三岁，当时还没有到大部分人可以拥有手机的时期。
2．答案与解析：B 根据作者父亲所说的话“Oh，it seems that we're lost”可知，大约半个小时后，父亲才意识到他们迷路了。
3．答案与解析：C 结合语境可知，空前的“我们不停地绕圈，试图找到出去的路”和空后的“运气不佳”形成了转折。
4．答案与解析：D 根据空后的“even if he was trying to hide it from me”可以推测，尽管父亲在试图掩饰，但是作者可以看出他已经开始慌了。erupt “喷发；爆发”。
5．答案与解析：A 根据本句中的“We had been in the forest for hours”和常识可知，他们已经在森林里迷路几个小时了，因此，他们都知道作者的母亲会很恐惧。
6．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，作者在学校听过登山者在野外死亡的故事，因此，在森林里迷路几个小时之后，作者很容易会想到那也会是他们的命运。clarify“澄清，阐明”。
7．答案与解析：C 结合下文中的描述以及结尾部分的“keep walking forward”可知，作者的父亲建议走直线。
And he was right. __8__ we heard the sounds of cars and __9__ a main road. We were eleven miles from the village where we had __10__， but at least we had signposts. And I often think of that strategy, when I am totally __11__ —literally or metaphorically. I thought of it when I was in the middle of a __12__， and when my heart beat rapidly with __13__ and I didn't know how I could carry on living. Walking one foot in front of the other, in the same __14__， will always get you further than running around in circles. It's about the __15__ to keep walking forward.
8．A.Regularly B．Eventually C．Surprisingly D．Generally
9．A.chose B．missed C．followed D．reached
10．A.set off B．passed C．called on D．lived
11．A.lost B．sensitive C．angry D．stuck
12．A.term B. race C．performance D．breakdown
13．A.excitement B．surprise C．fear D．interest
14．A.way B．cycle C．direction D．distance
15．A.ambition B．determination C．inspiration D．cooperation
8．答案与解析：B 根据语境和空前的“he was right”可知，他们最终听到了车声，到达了大路。
9．答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
10．答案与解析：A 根据上句中讲到的到达大路和下文中的“at least we had signposts”可以推测，路标可以指引他们到达出发(set off)的村庄。call on“探访”。
11．答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，空前的“that strategy”指的是作者和父亲在迷路时用的策略，所以作者在迷路或迷惘的时候，经常会想起那个策略。
12．答案与解析：D 本句是对上一句的阐述，作者会在精神崩溃、因为害怕而心跳加速等时想起这个策略。
13．答案与解析：C 参见上题解析。
14．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“will always get you further than running around in circles”可知，一步一步地朝着相同的方向会让你走得更远。
15．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，无论你是真的迷路还是感到迷惘，都要有一路向前的决心。
Test 2
[2022·石家庄高三质量检测(二)]Your first day anywhere can be tough. As a supply teacher, I had one such experience when I was __1__ to work at a special education school.
When I received the call asking if I was available that day, a wave of __2__ rushed over me. I'd never taught in a special school before, but I __3__ pulled myself together and drove to the school. On the way there, I had __4__ about everything I couldn't do.
As I __5__， I was greeted by the head who __6__ me there was “nothing to worry about”， but I was feeling anything but ! I was told I would teach Key Stage 1.
1．A.forced B．required
C．allowed D．guided
2．A.panic B．sadness
C．anger D．sympathy
3．A.hesitantly B．regularly
C．eventually D．desperately
4．A.plans B．thoughts
C．doubts D．opinions
5．A.broke up B．sped up
C．picked up D．pulled up
6．A.assured B．warned
C．reminded D．informed
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——在特殊教育学校教书
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者在一所特殊教育学校的一日教书经历。起初，作者心里满是担忧，但是学生们的表现超出了他的预期，给了他很大的触动。那天结束后，作者认为这是自己教学生涯中最棒的经历之一，并希望其他人也可以投入到特殊教育中，让那里的孩子们的热情唤醒自己对教学的热情。
1．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“When I received the call asking if I was available”可知，作者被要求去一所特殊教育学校教书。
2．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“nothing to worry about”和“I tried to __8__ my anxious feelings”可以推断出，作者听到这个请求的时候，内心很恐慌。
3．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“pulled myself together and drove to the school”可以看出，作者最终接受了这个请求。
4．答案与解析：B 根据语境和常识可知，作者在去那所特殊教育学校的路上，想了自己不能做的所有事情。
5．答案与解析：D 根据上文中的“drove to the school”和下文中的“I was greeted by the head”可知，作者停下车时，受到了校长的欢迎。pull up“停车；停止”。
6．答案与解析：A 根据后面的“there was‘nothing to worry about’”可知，校长向作者保证没有什么可担心的。
__7__ by their parents, the children began to show up. I tried to __8__ my anxious feelings, although a few drops of __9__ were noticeable.
The whole class, a total of 8 with various special needs, arrived by 9：30. Contrary to my __10__， as the day went on, my __11__ levels went down. The children were expressive, unique and passionate, though there were times that left me slightly __12__ by their screams.
As the day ended, I could __13__ say it was one of the best experiences of my teaching career. I hope anyone will __14__ working at a special school and allow the passion of the children there to __15__ their love of teaching.,
7．A.Abandoned B. Suspected C．Accompanied D．Raised
8．A.maintain B．hide C．spread D．enhance
9．A.ink B．rain C．sweat D．blood
10．A.decisions B．conclusions C．suggestions D．predictions
11．A.stress B．education C．energy D．confidence
12．A.inspired B．refreshed C．shocked D．satisfied
13．A.regretfully B．honestly C．jokingly D．patiently
14．A.admit B．recommend C．tolerate D．consider
15．A.celebrate B．earn C．guarantee D．awaken
7．答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“a total of 8 with various special needs”和常识可知，特殊学校的孩子需要家长陪同去学校。
8．答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，作者上课前努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。
9．答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，尽管几滴汗水显而易见但作者努力隐藏自己的不安情绪。
10．答案与解析：D 根据上文中对作者出发前的描述和下文中的“The children were expressive, unique and passionate”可知，学生的实际表现与作者之前的预测相反。
11．答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“The children were expressive，unique and passionate”可知，孩子们的表现很好，作者没有那么紧张了。
12．答案与解析：C 作者尽管对学生们的表现较为满意，但有几次还是有点被他们的尖叫所惊到了。
13．答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“I hope anyone will __14__ working at a special school”可知，作者真的认为这是自己教学生涯中最棒的经历之一。
14．答案与解析：D 结合上文内容可知，作者认为这次经历很棒，因此希望其他人也可以考虑来特殊学校教书。
15．答案与解析：D 结合上文内容可知，作者希望其他人也可以考虑来特殊学校教书，让那里的学生的热情唤醒他们的教学热情。