外研版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas &Presenting Ideas&Reflection同步课时作业（含答案）

Unit 5 Developing ideas&Presenting Ideas&Reflection
一、单词拼写
1.How can Foley's wristwatch d　　　　　 signs of an irregular heartbeat
2.Phones and blood pressure are closely l　　　　　.
3.This ruler have one scale in c　　　　　 and another in inch.
4.When they got to Beijing, they put down _____(根) and built a life.
5.That murder was a mystery for a long time, but a clever _____(侦探) cleared it up.
二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空
blame, characteristic, decline, detect, disgrace, distance, evolve, generate, link, suspect
1. According to the police's description of the murder _________, I _________ that he had killed the girl.
2. It's _________ that so many people just looked on without helping the girl being beaten so hard.
3. It was his fault. Why should I have been _________
4. 75 percent of the country's electricity is _________ by nuclear reactors.
5. With its population _________ sharply, the country needs more workers from abroad.
6. There is enough evidence _________ smoking with lung cancer.
7. Genes determine the _________ of every living thing.
8. It takes much time, perhaps months, to reach the _________ planets.
9. Most skin cancers can be cured if _________ and treated early.
10 . The _________ of plants and animals has been going on throughout history.
三、七选五
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. ①_____
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ②_____ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. ③_____
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. ④_____ The synapses(突触) in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 percent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information—our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seemed to be protected and stayed the same size. ⑤_____ "You keep what matters," Tononi says.
A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B.It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E.That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F."Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G.Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
四、语法填空
Once there was a man and a woman. They ①_________(marry) for more than 60 years. They kept no secrets from each other except that the old woman had a shoe box under her bed. She told her husband never to open or ask about it.
For all these years, he ②_________ (never think) about the box. But one day the old woman ③_________ (get) very sick and the doctor said she ④_________ (never get) better.
The woman said it was time that he should know what was in the box. The old man took the shoe box his wife ⑤_________ (place) under her bed to his wife's bedside.
When he opened it, he ⑥_________ (find) two beautiful doilies(装饰小垫) and some money. The money ⑦_________ (keep) in it was $ 25,000. "When we got married," she said, "my grandmother told me that the secret of a happy family was never to fight. She ⑧_________ (tell) me that if I ever got angry with you, I should just keep quiet and crochet(编织) one doily."
The old man was so moved because only two doilies were in the box. He thought she ⑨_________ (be) angry with him only twice in all those years. "My dear," he said, "but what about all the money Where did it all come from " "Oh," she said, "that's the money I made from selling the doilies. So far, I ⑩_________ (sell) 2,500 doilies."
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：detect
2.答案：linked
3.答案：centimeter
4.答案：roots
5.答案：detective
二、答案：1.suspect, suspected
2.disgraceful
3.blamed
4.generated
5.declining
6.linking
7.characteristics
8.distant
9.detected
10.evolution
三、答案： CEFGB
解析：语篇解读:本文是说明文,主要探讨了动物(包括人类)睡眠的重要性。
①解析:该空为首段最后一句。该段首句指出,所有动物(包括人)都会睡觉,但原因仍然是谜。接下来是具体例证,说明睡眠是一种普遍现象,如实验室的老鼠被剥夺了睡眠,一个月内就会死亡,而同样地,人类如果连续几天不睡觉,就会生病,所以答案选C。
②解析:该空为第二段的第二句话。第二段首句提出了第一个假设——睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。与这个论点相呼应的是E项,该项第一个词that指代的就是前面的假设。也就是说,这个假设能够解释为什么如果学生在学习之后睡觉,就会在考试中发挥更好,所以答案选E。
③解析:该空为第三段最后一句话,是对该段内容的总结。同时,结合第四段第一句话中的代词he可以知道,该空中必然包含一个人名,否则he就失去了所指对象。选项中包含人名的选项有F和G,但只有F选项能与第三段的内容衔接。也就是说,睡眠会帮助清除一部分记忆,为新记忆腾出空间。按照研究人员Tononi的话说,“睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价”。
④解析:该空为第四段第二句话。第四段首句说现在我们有直接证据证明Tononi的假设是对的,接下来应该是具体描述该证据。此外,该空后面一句话揭示了实验结果和意义。综合看来,只有G选项符合语境,指出了研究团队、实验对象以及实验内容。
⑤解析:该空为尾段的倒数第二句话,应该与其前后的句子意义连贯。该空前面一句里出现了protect和stay,而该空后面一句出现了keep和matter,正好与B选项里的preserve和important呼应。也就是说,重要的记忆会被保留下来。
四、答案：had been married; had never thought; got ;would never get; had placed ; found ; kept ; told ; had been; have sold
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