外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas & Presenting ideas&Reflection随堂检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修 第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature Developing ideas & Presenting ideas&Reflection随堂检测（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-04-18 20:54:41 | ||
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Unit 5 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas&Reflection
一、单词拼写
1.A survey of the British diet has _____(显示) that a growing number of people are overweight.
2.There is a famous Greek _____(神话) in which Icarus flew too near to the sun.
3.That murder was a mystery for a long time, but a clever _____(侦探) cleared it up.
4.When they got to Beijing, they put down _____(根) and built a life.
5.This ruler have one scale in c and another in inch.
6.Phones and blood pressure are closely l .
7.You would have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is r_______ in this device.
8.How can Foley’s wristwatch d signs of an irregular heartbeat
二、根据语境用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空
adapt to, after all, carry out, come to exist, date back to, drive away, fight off, speak of
1. How do you know when this special animal __________ on the isolated island
2. It took me a whole month to __________ the working conditions in the new company.
3. They were determined to __________ all the invaders, and set up an independent government.
4. We hold strong belief that we can __________ the sudden burst of the disease.
5. If I hear my name __________ again in your speech, you will pay for it.
6. __________ the tenth century, the old temple has fallen into ruin.
7. Don't blame him too much. __________, he is but a child of no more than ten years old.
8. Once a plan is made, it should be __________.
三、阅读理解
Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galápagos Islands are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoises, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galápagos National Park— which controls 97 percent of the Galápagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador's national assembly.
"It's a very tense situation," said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galápagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. "We are watching it with concern."
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz Island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 1950s. Today there are more than 10,000,while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently having introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life "in paradise(天堂)". On top of this, more than 100, 000 tourists visit the islands every year.
Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands' iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit(开发利用) the islands' waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and R. O. Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galápagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions(让步) by increasing fishing quotas(配额), which angered conservationists. "It is tragic—the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galápagos Islands," said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. "They are killing the golden goose."
Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers(管理员), who run the national park and reserve, rebelled.
More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park's headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen's help—entered the park. "I am in office, I am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension," he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post.
However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
"We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm(缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off," said Stjepic.
1.What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 5 refer to
A.The island's swelling population. B.The law to limit waves of immigrants.
C.A life in paradise. D.The tourists' visiting the islands every year.
2.How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin
A.He based his theory on his studies there.
B.He built the Charles Darwin research centre there.
C.He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.
D.He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.
3.What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen
A.The dismissal of the previous director of the Galápagos National Park.
B.The exploitation of the islands.
C.The government's support of Galápagos Conservation Trust.
D.Cepeda's close ties with the fishing industry.
4.We can learn from the passage that __________.
A.the projects of Galápagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable
B.conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose
C.politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands
D.the government is trying to ease the tension
5.In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by "The Ecuador government took no chances"
A.The government did not seize opportunities. B.The government made no compromises.
C.The government did not run risks. D.The government shrank from responsibilities.
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man called Ambrosio Tut went into the jungle, as he did almost every day. Tut was a gum-collector(树胶采集者), ①________(look) for gum in the jungle. To do this, he had to climb the trees. ②________ this particular day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eyes. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old ③________ (build).
Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something ④________ (specially). He ran to tell the local governor, and together they ⑤________ (walk) into the jungle. There they found Tikal(蒂卡尔)—temples and pyramids, squares and houses, and places ⑥________ kings had lived when the Mayan people ruled the region.
For a long time before that day, local people, ⑦________ (know) that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city, ⑧________ no one had seen it for centuries. Between 200 and 900 A. D., the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation in the region, but then the Mayans left there—nobody knows why! After 1,000 A. D., the jungle began to cover it and people forgot that it was there.
Seven years before Tut looked out for the trees, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle, but they didn't mention Tikal. Even ⑨________ (early) than this, local Indians had told European travellers about a great city ⑩________ (hide) in the trees, but no one would listen to them. Now the lost city had been found again, and archaeologists(考古学家) went there immediately to see it.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：revealed
2.答案：myth
3.答案：detective
4.答案：roots
5.答案：centimetre
6.答案：linked
7.答案：rooted
8.答案：detect
二、答案：1.came to exist
2.adapt to
3.drive away
4.fight off
5. spoken of
6. Dating back to
7. After all
8. carried out
三、答案：1-5.AABDC
解析：语篇解读:这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在加拉帕戈斯群岛发生了一场保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突。为了开发岛屿的问题,双方发生了激烈的冲突,政府正试图缓解岛上的局势。
1.解析:词义猜测题。由第五段首句"The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population."可知本段讲的是岛上日益增长的人口问题,this也与此相关,故选A项。
2.解析:细节理解题。由第一段的句子"Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection."可知这些岛屿对达尔文很重要,因为他的理论是建立在对这里的研究的基础上的。故选A项。
3.解析:细节理解题。根据短文第七段意思可知,保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突的主要原因是对这些岛屿的开发,故B项正确。
4.解析:细节理解题。根据文中的lower the tension和maintain the peace等可知政府正努力缓解紧张局势,故选D项。
5.解析:句意理解题。由第十三段的"sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace"可知,"The Ecuador government took no chances"的意思是“政府没有冒风险”,故C项正确。
四、答案：1ooking; On ; buildings ; special ; walked ; where ; had known ; but ; earlier ; hidden
解析：语篇解读:1848年的一个夏日,图特像往常一样进入丛林、爬上树采树胶,在一棵树的顶端,他看到一些旧建筑的屋顶,原来这里就是玛雅人统治这片区域的遗址——蒂卡尔。
①解析:考查非谓语动词。空前为完整的句子,因此此处填非谓语动词,Tut与look为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。
②解析:考查介词。表示在具体的某一天,用介词on。
③解析:考查词性转换及名词复数。根据句意可知,此处指“一些建筑物”, some后接复数名词,故填buildings。
④解析:考查词性转换。用形容词作后置定语修饰不定代词something。
⑤解析:考查动词时态。上下文都在描述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。
⑥解析:考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句,修饰先行词places,表地点,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故填where。
⑦解析:根据上文提示词before that day可知,此处指在那一天之前,表过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
⑧解析:考查连词。句意:在那天前的很长一段时间,当地人知道在从林中的某处有一座古老的玛雅城,但是几百年以来都没有人看见过。前后分句之间为转折关系,故填转折连词but。
⑨解析:考查形容词比较级。由空后的than可知要用比较级。
⑩解析:考查非谓语动词。句子主干为local Indians had told European travellers,句中不缺谓语,因此填非谓语动词;hide与city之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,表示“一座被隐藏在丛林中的城市”。
2
一、单词拼写
1.A survey of the British diet has _____(显示) that a growing number of people are overweight.
2.There is a famous Greek _____(神话) in which Icarus flew too near to the sun.
3.That murder was a mystery for a long time, but a clever _____(侦探) cleared it up.
4.When they got to Beijing, they put down _____(根) and built a life.
5.This ruler have one scale in c and another in inch.
6.Phones and blood pressure are closely l .
7.You would have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is r_______ in this device.
8.How can Foley’s wristwatch d signs of an irregular heartbeat
二、根据语境用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空
adapt to, after all, carry out, come to exist, date back to, drive away, fight off, speak of
1. How do you know when this special animal __________ on the isolated island
2. It took me a whole month to __________ the working conditions in the new company.
3. They were determined to __________ all the invaders, and set up an independent government.
4. We hold strong belief that we can __________ the sudden burst of the disease.
5. If I hear my name __________ again in your speech, you will pay for it.
6. __________ the tenth century, the old temple has fallen into ruin.
7. Don't blame him too much. __________, he is but a child of no more than ten years old.
8. Once a plan is made, it should be __________.
三、阅读理解
Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection. The Galápagos Islands are among the world's most important scientific treasures, a group of volcanic islands surrounded by deserted beaches and inhabited by unique varieties of giant tortoises, lizards, and birds.
Yet life on this United Nations world heritage site has turned sour. Battles have broken out between fishermen and conservationists. Ecuador, which owns the islands, has sent a naval patrol (海军巡逻队) to put down disturbances.
The controversial director of the Galápagos National Park— which controls 97 percent of the Galápagos land and the reserve extending to 40 miles offshore—has been fired, while an air of uneasy tension hangs over the islands, as the islanders prepare for election when they pick their representatives in Ecuador's national assembly.
"It's a very tense situation," said Leonor Stjepic, director of the London-based Galápagos Conservation Trust, which raises money to help projects on the islands. "We are watching it with concern."
The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population. Puerto Ayora, on Santa Cruz Island, housed just 45 inhabitants in the 1950s. Today there are more than 10,000,while the islands' total population is more than 19,000 and growing by 6 percent a year, despite recently having introduced a law to limit waves of immigrants fleeing the poor areas of Ecuador for a life "in paradise(天堂)". On top of this, more than 100, 000 tourists visit the islands every year.
Such numbers have put the islands, special ecology under intense pressure. Conservationists backed by the Ecuador government have replied by exercising strict controls to protect the islands' iguanas, blue-footed boobies, and giant tortoises.
These moves have angered many local people, however. They want to exploit(开发利用) the islands' waters and catch its protected species of sharks, lobsters and sea cucumbers, which can fetch high prices in Japan and R. O. Korea.
Angry fishermen surrounded the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz last February, threatened to kill Lonesome George—the last surviving member of the Pinta Island species of the Galápagos giant tortoise.
The situation got improved after the Ecuador government made concessions(让步) by increasing fishing quotas(配额), which angered conservationists. "It is tragic—the short-term gain of a few fishermen versus the long-term survival of the Galápagos Islands," said John McCosker of the California Academy of Sciences. "They are killing the golden goose."
Then, the Ecuador government appointed Fausto Cepeda as the national park's new director, a post that has become a political football for the mainland government. There have been nine directors in the past 18 months.
This appointment was particularly controversial, however. Cepeda was known to have close ties with the fishing industry, and the rangers(管理员), who run the national park and reserve, rebelled.
More than 300 staged a sit-in at the park's headquarters and prevented Cepeda from taking up his post. A battle broke out, and at least two people suffered serious injuries. Eventually, Cepeda—with the fishermen's help—entered the park. "I am in office, I am in control. And I am trying to lower the tension," he announced.
The Ecuador government took no chances, and sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace. A few days later, Ecuador Environment Minister Fabian Valdivicso met representatives of rangers. After discussions, he told newspapers that he had decided to remove Cepeda from the post.
However, as the population continues to rise, the long-term pressures on the islands are serious and will not disappear that easily.
"We have to balance its special environment with the needs of local people. In that sense, it is a microcosm(缩影) for all the other threatened parts of the world. So getting it right here is going to be a very, very important trick to pull off," said Stjepic.
1.What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 5 refer to
A.The island's swelling population. B.The law to limit waves of immigrants.
C.A life in paradise. D.The tourists' visiting the islands every year.
2.How significant were the islands for Charles Darwin
A.He based his theory on his studies there.
B.He built the Charles Darwin research centre there.
C.He advocated the balance between ecology and people there.
D.He found the last surviving giant tortoise there.
3.What is the primary contributing factor to the conflict between conservationists and fishermen
A.The dismissal of the previous director of the Galápagos National Park.
B.The exploitation of the islands.
C.The government's support of Galápagos Conservation Trust.
D.Cepeda's close ties with the fishing industry.
4.We can learn from the passage that __________.
A.the projects of Galápagos Conservation Trust on the islands are profitable
B.conservationists get angry when fishermen are killing a goose
C.politicians from the mainland government play football on the islands
D.the government is trying to ease the tension
5.In Paragraph 13, what does the author mean by "The Ecuador government took no chances"
A.The government did not seize opportunities. B.The government made no compromises.
C.The government did not run risks. D.The government shrank from responsibilities.
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man called Ambrosio Tut went into the jungle, as he did almost every day. Tut was a gum-collector(树胶采集者), ①________(look) for gum in the jungle. To do this, he had to climb the trees. ②________ this particular day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eyes. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old ③________ (build).
Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something ④________ (specially). He ran to tell the local governor, and together they ⑤________ (walk) into the jungle. There they found Tikal(蒂卡尔)—temples and pyramids, squares and houses, and places ⑥________ kings had lived when the Mayan people ruled the region.
For a long time before that day, local people, ⑦________ (know) that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city, ⑧________ no one had seen it for centuries. Between 200 and 900 A. D., the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation in the region, but then the Mayans left there—nobody knows why! After 1,000 A. D., the jungle began to cover it and people forgot that it was there.
Seven years before Tut looked out for the trees, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle, but they didn't mention Tikal. Even ⑨________ (early) than this, local Indians had told European travellers about a great city ⑩________ (hide) in the trees, but no one would listen to them. Now the lost city had been found again, and archaeologists(考古学家) went there immediately to see it.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：revealed
2.答案：myth
3.答案：detective
4.答案：roots
5.答案：centimetre
6.答案：linked
7.答案：rooted
8.答案：detect
二、答案：1.came to exist
2.adapt to
3.drive away
4.fight off
5. spoken of
6. Dating back to
7. After all
8. carried out
三、答案：1-5.AABDC
解析：语篇解读:这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在加拉帕戈斯群岛发生了一场保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突。为了开发岛屿的问题,双方发生了激烈的冲突,政府正试图缓解岛上的局势。
1.解析:词义猜测题。由第五段首句"The violence has been triggered by an alarming growth in the islands' population."可知本段讲的是岛上日益增长的人口问题,this也与此相关,故选A项。
2.解析:细节理解题。由第一段的句子"Spanish explorers called them Las Encantadas, the Enchanted Isles, and Charles Darwin used his studies of the islands as the foundation for his theory of natural selection."可知这些岛屿对达尔文很重要,因为他的理论是建立在对这里的研究的基础上的。故选A项。
3.解析:细节理解题。根据短文第七段意思可知,保护主义者和渔民之间的冲突的主要原因是对这些岛屿的开发,故B项正确。
4.解析:细节理解题。根据文中的lower the tension和maintain the peace等可知政府正努力缓解紧张局势,故选D项。
5.解析:句意理解题。由第十三段的"sent a patrol boat to maintain the peace"可知,"The Ecuador government took no chances"的意思是“政府没有冒风险”,故C项正确。
四、答案：1ooking; On ; buildings ; special ; walked ; where ; had known ; but ; earlier ; hidden
解析：语篇解读:1848年的一个夏日,图特像往常一样进入丛林、爬上树采树胶,在一棵树的顶端,他看到一些旧建筑的屋顶,原来这里就是玛雅人统治这片区域的遗址——蒂卡尔。
①解析:考查非谓语动词。空前为完整的句子,因此此处填非谓语动词,Tut与look为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。
②解析:考查介词。表示在具体的某一天,用介词on。
③解析:考查词性转换及名词复数。根据句意可知,此处指“一些建筑物”, some后接复数名词,故填buildings。
④解析:考查词性转换。用形容词作后置定语修饰不定代词something。
⑤解析:考查动词时态。上下文都在描述过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。
⑥解析:考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句,修饰先行词places,表地点,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故填where。
⑦解析:根据上文提示词before that day可知,此处指在那一天之前,表过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
⑧解析:考查连词。句意:在那天前的很长一段时间,当地人知道在从林中的某处有一座古老的玛雅城,但是几百年以来都没有人看见过。前后分句之间为转折关系,故填转折连词but。
⑨解析:考查形容词比较级。由空后的than可知要用比较级。
⑩解析:考查非谓语动词。句子主干为local Indians had told European travellers,句中不缺谓语,因此填非谓语动词;hide与city之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,表示“一座被隐藏在丛林中的城市”。
2