中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Space Exploration Period 5 Listening and Talking & Assessing Your Progress & Project 同步练习（解析版）
一、完成句子
1．（2023·高一课时练习）如果你想取得进步，弄清楚考试不及格的原因是很重要的。
If you want to make progress, it is ________the reason why you fail the exam.
【答案】important to figure out
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。分析可知，空处涉及固定句型：it be+adj.+to do“做某事是……的”；“重要的”是important，作表语，“弄清楚”是figure out，此处用其不定式形式作真正的主语。故填important to figure out。
2．（2023·高一课时练习）和他争论这个问题是没有用的，因为他不会改变主意。
It’s no use________the question, for he won’t change his mind.
【答案】arguing with him about
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“就……与某人争论”含义的动词短语为：argue with sb about…；分析句子中结构，空白处在句子中做主语，应使用非谓语东动词形式，因It is no use doing为固定结构，使用动名词，故填arguing with him about。
3．（2023·高一课时练习）如果电线没有恰当地连接到插座，电击意外可能发生。
If the wires are not ______ ______ ______ the socket, electrical shock accidents may take place.
【答案】 properly attached to
【详解】考查副词和语态。结合句意表示“连接到”应用attach to，且主语wires与attach构成被动关系，结合are可知为一般现在时的被动语态；表示“恰当地”应用副词properly，作状语。故填①properly；②attached；③to。
4．（2023·高一课时练习）我们在利用我们可利用的有限资源尽最大努力保护环境。(limited resources)
We are doing our best to protect our environment with __________________.
【答案】the limited resources available
【详解】考查固定短语和形容词。空格处在句中作with的宾语，结合句意“可利用的有限资源”是the limited resources available，其中形容词available作定语时放在被修饰名词之前或之后均可。故填the limited resources available。
5．（2023·高一课时练习）他拥有敏锐的视觉，能很快辨认出两个双胞胎的不同。
He has _________ _________ and can quickly tell the differences between the twins.
【答案】 keen vision
【详解】考查形容词和名词。分析句子可知，空处1应填形容词作定语修空处2，空处2应填名词作谓语动词has的宾语。keen“敏锐的”为形容词，vision“视觉”为不可数名词，符合语意。故空1填keen，空2填vision。
6．（2022春·高一课时练习）过去数十年,由于全球变暖,北极海冰已经减少。
Over the past decades,sea ice has decreased in the Arctic ________global warming.
【答案】as a result of/because of
【详解】考查固定短语。分析句意可知，此处用as a result of/because of表示“由于”，且在从句中做原因状语。故填 as a result of/because of。
7．（2022春·高一课时练习）人们现在比过去享有更好的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。
People have better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer ________ ________ ________.
【答案】as a result
【详解】考查固定短语。“因此”用固定短语as a result表示，在分句中作状语。故填①as；②a；③result。
8．（2022春·高一课时练习）我不知道我们是否可以赶上最后一班公共汽车,或是只好步行回家。
I wonder ________be in time for the last bus or have to walk home.
【答案】whether we shall
【详解】考查宾语从句。空格处是宾语从句，表达：是否......或是......，英语用whether....or ；由句意可知宾语从句要用一般将来时，由于从句主语是we，因此习惯上用shall。根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故填whether we shall。
9．（2023·高一课时练习）国内抗疫主题电影《中国医生》全面展现了武汉抗击新冠肺炎疫情的艰苦历程，使人们非常感动和自豪。
The domestic anti-epidemic-themed movie Chinese Doctors provides a panoramic view of the arduous fight against the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan,which ________.
【答案】makes people very moved and proud
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，副词，连词和时态。表示“使”应用动词make；表示“人们”应用名词people；表示“非常”应用副词very；表示“感动”应用形容词moved；表示“和”应用连词and；表示“自豪”应用形容词proud；分析句子结构和意思可知，“使人们非常感动和自豪”是which引导的非限制性定语从句的句子主干，这句话描述的是现在的事实，所以谓语用一般现在时，主语which指代的是movie，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故答案为makes people very moved and proud。
10．（2023·高一课时练习）他们在一天中不会觉得忙碌或充满活力。这是因为一天中充满了他们“不得不做”的事情而不是他们“想做”的事情。
They do not feel engaged or enlivened in their day. ________it is full of things they“have to do”rather than what they “want to do”.
【答案】This is because
【详解】考查固定句型。表示“这是因为”应用this is because…，because引导表语从句。故填This is because。
二、汉译英（整句）(共0分
11．（2023·高一课时练习）在主题公园里漫步,孩子们会被各种各样的娱乐设施所吸引。(wander, theme park, entertainment) (汉译英)
【答案】Wandering in the theme park,children will be attracted by various entertainment facilities.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。分析句子可知，“孩子们”为句子主语译为children；“被吸引”应为谓语动词be attracted by，根据汉语意思可知，此处描述的是现在的客观情况，所以使用一般现在时态，句子主语是复数，所以谓语应译为are attracted by，表示“各种各样的娱乐设施”作介词by的宾语，译为various entertainment facilities，所以整句译为children will be attracted by various entertainment facilities；表示“在公园里漫步”应为wander in the theme park，分析汉语可知，该部分作状语，与逻辑主语children之间为主动关系，所以此处应使用现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写，所以该部分应译为Wandering in the theme park。故译为Wandering in the theme park, children will be attracted by various entertainment facilities.。
12．（2023·高一课时练习）有规律地锻炼对身体很有益。(regular) (汉译英)
【答案】Taking exercise regularly is of great benefit to our health.
【详解】考查动名词短语作主语。表示“锻炼身体”用短语：take exercise，表示经常性动作，作句子的主语，所以用动名词形式taking exercise；表示“有规律地”用副词regularly；表示“对身体很有益”用短语be of great benefit to our health，主语为动名词，为单数，表示习惯性动作，所以be用is。故翻译为：Taking exercise regularly is of great benefit to our health.
13．（2023·高一课时练习）众人拾柴火焰高。(make a difference)(汉译英)
【答案】Together, individuals can make a real difference.
【详解】考查情态动词+动词原形。根据所给中文提示词和题干要求可知，固定短语：make a difference意为“起（重要）作用”，主语“众人”可先用“individuals”，后用“together”作状语，修饰整个句子来表达“众人”之意，谓语用“情态动词can+动词原形”表达，形容词real (真的)。故译为：Together, individuals can make a real difference.
14．（2022春·高二课时练习）超市里卖各式各样的肥皂。（a variety of做主语）（汉译英）
【答案】A variety of soaps are sold at the supermarket.
【详解】考查短语、时态和语态。“各种各样的”使用固定短语a variety of，“肥皂”使用可数名词复数soaps，在句中作主语，“卖”使用动词sell，和主语soaps之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are，“超市里”译为介词短语at the supermarket，故翻译为：A variety of soaps are sold at the supermarket.
三、七选五
（2023·高一课时练习）Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth
Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____15____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.
Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____16____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft—the only air the astronauts can breathe.
____17____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____18____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.
Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____19____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.
A．Every plant grown in space must have several uses.
B．However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.
C．Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.
D．The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.
E．Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.
F．Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.
G．Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.
【答案】15．D 16．F 17．B 18．E 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是：园艺在离地球380公里的高空。宇航员必须经过身体、心理和技术的训练。他们还接受了如何照料植物的培训。这些“宇航员园丁”与植物分享他们的工作和生活空间。
15．根据上文“As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space.( 随着太空旅行时间的延长，有必要在太空中种植食物。)”以及下文“Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.( 正因为如此，把长途旅行所需要的东西都发送出去，只用一次就扔掉是不现实的。)”可推知，设空讲述有关送进太空的东西。D项“将任何物体送入太空的成本约为每公斤22,000美元。”切题。下文中的this指代该项中的The cost。故选D。
16．根据上文“Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things.( 植物在太空旅行中有许多用途。它们可以提供更多新鲜的东西。)”可知，它们可以提供更多新鲜的东西。再根据下文“Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen.( 此外，植物可以帮助改善空气质量，因为它们可以产生氧气。)”可知，此段在描述植物在太空旅行中有许多用途。设空是对用途的举例说明，F项“宇航员将欢迎在他们的干粮中加入水果和蔬菜。”切题。故选F。
17．根据下文“Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants.( 由于太空中缺乏重力，植物产生的氧气停留在植物周围。)”可知，缺乏重力使得植物产生的氧气停留在植物周围。再根据下文“Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.( 此外，土壤太重，无法送入太空，因此使用了特殊的液体凝胶来帮助植物生长。)”可知，本段主要讲述在太空种植植物会有困难。B项“然而，在太空种植植物也面临着挑战。”切题。故选B。
18．根据上文“Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves.( 没有重力，根不“知道”向下生长，叶子不“知道”，水也不容易从根流向叶子。)”以及下文“Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.( 此外，土壤太重，无法送入太空，因此使用了特殊的液体凝胶来帮助植物生长。)”可知，设空处讲述植物在没有重力的环境下的解决方式， E项“目前正在开发专门的容器来帮助植物正确生长。”切题。故选E。
19．根据上文“They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. (他们正试图让植物生长得更快，在太空中用更少的水和光生长，他们正在寻找让植物更抗病的方法。)”可知，本段讲述的是科学家的解决问题的方法。所以选项承接上文，说明这些方法的作用。C项“这样的方法可能改善地球上的植物”切题。该项中的methods与上文中的ways相吻合。故选C。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
（2023·高一课时练习）语法填空Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars __20__ other planets much further away.
Firstly, __21__ (explore) space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. As __22__ result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food__23__(feed) Earth’s increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological__24__(improve) that benefit us all. High-end products around the world __25__(make) to a higher standard now because of advanced technology __26__ was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.
__27__(final), sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are __28__(limit). The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
___29___ closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
【答案】
20．or 21．exploring 22．a 23．to feed 24．improvements 25．are made 26．that/which 27．Finally 28．limited 29．In
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了太空探索对人类的益处。
20．考查连词。句意：全球各国都在各种太空任务上花费数十亿美元和大量时间，无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。whether…or...无论是……还是……。故填or。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，太空探索已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。分析该句结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故填exploring。
22．考查冠词。句意：因此，基于空间的科学帮助农业努力生产足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增长的人口。as a result“因此”。故填a。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，基于空间的科学帮助农业努力生产足够的粮食来养活地球上不断增长的人口。此处应该用不定式作目的状语，即终止足够粮食的目的是养活不断增长的人口。故填to feed。
24．考查名词。句意：其次，太空探索已经促进了技术进步，使我们所有人都受益。所填词作及物动词promoted的宾语，因此应该是名词；再根据其后的定语从句中的谓语动词可知，该名词应该用复数形式。故填improvements。
25．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：由于为满足太空探索的要求而发明的先进技术，现在世界各地的高端产品都达到了更高的标准。空处为主句的谓语动词，主语 products与make之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态，再结合全文时态可知，此处应该用一般现在时，且主语为复数形式，故填are made。
26．考查定语从句。句意：由于为满足太空探索的要求而发明的先进技术，现在世界各地的高端产品都达到了更高的标准。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为technology，关系词在从句中作主语，因此应该填that或which。故填that/ which。
27．考查副词。句意：最后，将宇航员送入太空帮助人们思考世界上的问题，甚至找到解决问题的方法。修饰后文整个句子，应用所给词的副词形式，故填Fianlly。
28．考查形容词最高级。句意：看到我们的星球是浩瀚宇宙中的一个岛屿的照片，人们意识到我们星球的资源是有限的。空处应填形容词作表语，结合句意“有限的”表达为limited。故填limited。
29．考查介词。句意：最后，探索太空给世界带来了许多不同的好处。in closing“最后”。故填In。
五、完形填空
（2023·高一课时练习）Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have ____30____ to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after China’s Mars probe, Tianwen 1, was ____31____ on July 23 last year, there was an ____32____ wait for its progress.
The craft landed____33____ on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both ____34____ and celebration in the country. The landing was ____35____ exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering ____36____, and shows that China has ____37____the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades____38____some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early_____39_____in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country _____40_____largely a backward agricultural country. _____41_____, the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space,_____42_____a series of launches that will complete the building of the space station around 2022.
All these achievements have_____43_____greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. During its Mars mission, China has worked with European _____44_____and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
30．A．begun B．failed C．attempted D．succeeded
31．A．transported B．discovered C．launched D．settled
32．A．anxious B．aware C．awkward D．amazing
33．A．suddenly B．safely C．calmly D．obviously
34．A．protest B．regret C．pity D．relief
35．A．carried away B．carried off C．carried out D．carried on
36．A．explorers B．applicants C．officials D．editors
37．A．borrowed B．selected C．developed D．removed
38．A．without B．beyond C．except D．despite
39．A．promises B．impacts C．inventions D．breakthroughs
40．A．became B．remained C．ended D．started
41．A．Thus B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．However
42．A．getting off B．cutting off C．starting off D．putting off
43．A．appealed B．contributed C．responded D．belonged
44．A．neighbours B．friends C．partners D．classmates
【答案】
30．B 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．B 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国成功发射“天问一号”，此次成功登陆火星是中国空间技术发展的巨大飞跃。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未能到达距离地球5500万公里远的行星。A. begun开始；B. failed失败；C. attempted尝试；D. succeeded成功。根据“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和“Yet”可知，超过一半的火星任务失败了。故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. transported运输；B. discovered发现；C. launched发射；D. settled解决。根据“The craft landed____4____ on the surface of the planet on Saturday.”和常识可知，天问一号是去年7月23号发射的。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在中国的火星探测器“天问一号”于去年7月23日发射后，人们焦急地等待着了解它的进展。A. anxious焦急的；B. aware有意识的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. amazing令人惊讶的。根据“Yet more than half of them have 1 to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. ”可知，火星发射失败率很高，因此在天问一号发射之后，所有人都在焦急等待它的进展情况。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：该飞船于周六在火星表面安全着陆。A. suddenly突然地；B. safely安全地；C. calmly安静地；D. obviously明显地。根据“The news has been met with both ____5____ and celebration in the country.”可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面，举国欢庆。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个消息让这个国家感到宽慰和喜庆。A. protest反对；B. regret后悔；C. pity遗憾；D. relief宽慰。根据“The craft landed____4____ on the surface of the planet on Saturday.”可知，飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰。故选D。
35．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. carried away带走；B. carried off夺走；C. carried out实施；D. carried on继续。根据“which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering ____7____,”可知，飞行器安全着陆，因此它的着陆是按计划实行的。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. explorers探险者；B. applicants申请人；C. officials官员；D. editors编辑。根据“The landing was ____6____ exactly as planned,”可知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探险，中国已然跻身于世界先锋探险者行列。故选A。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次着陆完全按照计划进行，这使中国成为世界先锋探险者俱乐部的最新成员，也表明中国已经自主研发这项技术。A. borrowed借；B. selected选择；C. developed开发；D. removed开除。根据“the technologies independently”可知，此次火星着陆技术是中国自主研发的。故选C。
38．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管在探索外层空间方面有一些失败，但这种敢做敢为的精神在中国近几十年的科技发展中发挥了关键作用。A. without没有，缺乏；B. beyond超过；C. except除……之外；D. despite尽管。根据“some failures in exploring outer space.”可知，与主句之间有让步关系，太空探索尽管遇到失败，但是敢做能为的精神在科学技术发展方面起着关键的作用。故选D。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A. promises承诺；B. impacts影响；C. inventions发明；D. breakthroughs突破。根据“in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s”和下文的“the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades”可知，中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从上世纪60年代开始，中国在火箭和航天技术方面取得了早期突破，当时中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。A. become变成；B. remain仍然是；C. end结束；D. start启动。根据“largely a backward agricultural country.”和常识可知，中国在很大程度上仍是一个落后的农业国家。故选B。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，中国已经充分利用了它在过去60多年里所拥有的，努力向前推进航天事业。A. Thus因此；B. Therefore因此；C. Furthermore此外；D. However然而。根据“the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause. ”与前文的“largely a backward agricultural country”可知，此处为转折关系，所以用However。故选D。
42．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：上月末，中国将“天和”送入太空，开启了一系列发射，这些发射将在2022年前后完成空间站的建设。A. getting off下车；B. cutting off切断；C. starting off启动，开启；D. putting off推迟。根据“Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space,”和下文“ will complete the building of the space station around 2022”可知，随着天和核心舱进入太空，开始了一系列的太空站建设的发射任务。故选C。
43．考查动词搭配辨析。句意：这些成就为和平利用外太空作出了重要贡献。A. appealed (to)呼吁，吸引；B. contributed (to)促进；C. responded (to) 响应；D. belonged (to)属于。根据“greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.”可知，所有这些成就极大地促成外太空的和平使用。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在火星任务中，中国与欧洲伙伴和其他国家合作，将帮助推动人类在未来走得更快更远。A. neighbour邻居；B. friend朋友；C. partner伙伴；D. classmate同学。根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.”可知，在火星任务实施期间，中国已经和其它国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。
六、阅读理解
A
（2023·高一课时练习）China in Space
Did you know...
★ In 1956 China opened the first missile and rocket research institute
★ Who is the first Chinese astronaut in space
★ What is China’s first Mars rover
The beginning of China’s space program
In 1956, China opened its first missile and rocket research institute. Qian Xuesen (1911—2009), a Chinese scientist honored as “the father of China’s space program” was the director. With great determination to build China’s own rockets, he devoted himself to China’s space program. Less than ten years later, on July 19, 1964, China launched a biology rocket “T-7A(S1)” into space with the first Chinese “astronauts”—4 big rats and 4 small rats inside it. In 1968, China opened another institute for manned space flight. But that was just the beginning.
China’s First Astronaut in Space
At 9 a.m. October 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, aboard the Shenzhou V manned spaceship, took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, starting his long-expected trip in space. More than 20 hours later, Yang Liwei finished his last action of this trip by cutting the rope of the parachute (降落伞) and walked out of the spaceship, putting an end to Chinese people’s successful trip to space for the first time.
China’s first Mars rover
On April 24, China’s Space Day, China’s first Mars rover has been named Zhurong, announced the China National Space Administration (CNSA). On May 22, the six-wheeled solar-powered rover, looking like a blue butterfly, left the first “footprints” on the red planet. Zhurong’s first successful drive made China the second country after the United States to land and operate a rover on Mars.
Zhurong is the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology. Literally, Zhu expresses the good wishes for humankind’s exploration of the universe. Rong means integration and cooperation, reflecting China’s vision of the peaceful use of space. The name is another example of Chinese scientific romance including Tianwen, Chang’e and Beidou, which also shows the Chinese spirit of exploration and cultural confidence, according to Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the CNSA．
45．Which word can best describe Qian Xuesen’s quality
A．Patient. B．Committed.
C．Gentle. D．Responsible.
46．How many “astronauts” were inside the biology rocket “T-7A(S1)”
A．One. B．Four.
C．Five. D．Eight.
47．What is Zhurong according to the text
A．A rocket. B．A rover.
C．A butterfly. D．A missile.
【答案】45．B 46．D 47．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的航天史上的重要人物和重要成就。
45．推理判断题。根据文中The beginning of China’s space program部分中的“With great determination to build China’s own rockets, he devoted himself to China’s space program.(带着建造中国自己的火箭的巨大决心,全身心投入到中国的太空计划中。)”可知,钱学森带着建造中国自己的火箭的巨大决心,全身心投入到中国的太空计划中。由此推知,“committed(尽心尽力)”一词最能形容钱学森的品质。故选B。
46．细节理解题。根据The beginning of China’s space program部分中的“Less than ten years later, on July 19, 1964, China launched a biology rocket “T-7A(S1)” into space with the first Chinese “astronauts”—4 big rats and 4 small rats inside it.(不到十年，在1964年7月19日，中国向太空发射了一枚生物火箭“T-7A(S1)”，火箭里有中国首批“宇航员”——四只大鼠和四只小鼠。)”可知,在生物火箭“T-7A(S1)”里搭载了八只“宇航员”。故选D。
47．细节理解题。根据China’s first Mars rover部分中的第一段“On April 24, China’s Space Day, China’s first Mars rover has been named Zhurong, announced the China National Space Administration (CNSA).( 中国国家航天局宣布,在4月24日，中国航天日，中国首个火星车被命名为“祝融号”。)”可知，中国首个火星车被命名为“祝融号”。所以“祝融号”是一个登陆车。故选B。
B
（2023·高一课时练习）Space Hotel Promises Guests A Truly
Out-Of-This-World Vacation
Looking for a truly out-of-this-world vacation Then you are in luck! On Thursday, April 5, Texas-based start-up Orion Span announced they were taking reservations for Aurora Station, the world’s first luxury hotel in space, which is expected to be launched in 2021 and begin welcoming visitors by 2022.
The pill-shaped space station, which began construction in 2019, will measure 43.5 feet long and 14.1 feet wide—about the size of a large private jet’s cabin—when completed. It will accommodate four guests in two private suites (套房) and two crew members, most likely former astronauts. Flying about 200 miles above the Earth, Aurora Station will circle the planet once every 90 minutes, enabling guests to enjoy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scores of the breathtaking northern and southern auroras (极光) that the hotel is named after.
While admiring the beauty of our planet, tourists can eat non-astronaut food and drinks or entertain themselves with playing cards. Those hoping to do something more worthwhile will be able to engage in astronaut-like experiments such as growing food in a special environment. The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy for guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on the earth. At the end of the vacation, returning guests will be treated to a special “hero’s welcome”, similar to the one experienced by astronauts returning from a real mission.
Before the once-in-a-lifetime trip, guests will have to undergo the three-month-long special training learning how to move in a weightless environment, along with the basics of spaceflight and orbital mechanics. Also, before you start packing your bags, you will have to pay $ 9.5 million for the 12-day round-trip vacation.
While several companies are planning to build hotels in space, Orion Span hopes to transform sections of used rockets floating in space into hotel rooms, instead of crowding the already messy skies with additional man-made objects.
48．What can be learned about Aurora Station
A．People can visit it now.
B．Its construction will last for about 5 years.
C．It can only hold four people in this station.
D．It looks like a pill with the size of a small plane.
49．Why is the hotel named Aurora Station
A．Because the hotel is lit up by the auroras of the Earth.
B．Because the hotel will give off auroras while travelling.
C．Because guests can enjoy fantastic auroras of the Earth.
D．Because the hotel will run around the auroras of the Earth.
50．What can guests do in the space hotel
A．Communicate with their family.
B．Enjoy astronaut food and drinks.
C．Cook meals like they do at home.
D．Receive welcome as a real hero.
51．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．There is little room for people to live on the Earth.
B．Too many spacecraft have aroused people’s concern.
C．Space hotels will be necessary in the near future.
D．Used rockets floating in space are easy to recycle.
【答案】48．D 49．C 50．A 51．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。总部位于得克萨斯州的Orion Span公司宣布，他们正在为世界上第一家太空豪华酒店Aurora Station做准备，预计它将于2021年发射进入太空，2022年开始接待游客。太空旅馆预示着客人可以真正意义上进行一次出世之旅。
48．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pill-shaped space station, which began construction in 2019, will measure 43.5 feet long and 14.1 feet wide—about the size of a large private jet’s cabin—when completed. (这个药丸状的空间站于2019年开始建造，建成后长43.5英尺，宽14.1英尺，大约相当于一架大型私人飞机的机舱大小。)”可知，Aurora Station的形状是药丸状的，大约相当于一架大型私人喷气机的座舱大小。因此Aurora Station看起来像是一颗小型飞机大小的药丸。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Flying about 200 miles above the Earth, Aurora Station will circle the planet once every 90 minutes, enabling guests to enjoy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scores of the breathtaking northern and southern auroras that the hotel is named after.(极光站在地球上空约200英里处飞行，每90分钟绕地球一周，让客人每天都能欣赏到16次壮观的日出和日落，以及数十次令人惊叹的南北极光，酒店就是以极光命名的。)”可知，酒店被命名为Aurora Station，是因为客人每天都能欣赏到很多次令人惊叹的南北极光。故选C。
50．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy for guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on the Earth.(搭载Wi-Fi功能的太空飞船将方便游客与地球上的朋友和家人分享他们的经历。)”可知，有Wi-Fi的航天器将使游客很容易与地球上的朋友和家人分享他们的经历。因此在太空旅馆的客人能与他们的家人沟通。故选A。
51．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Orion Span hopes to transform sections of used rockets floating in space into hotel rooms， instead of crowding the already messy skies with additional man-made objects.( Orion Span公司希望将漂浮在太空中的废旧火箭碎片改造成酒店房间，而不是在本已混乱的天空中放置额外的人造物体)”可知，Orion Span希望将漂浮在太空中的废旧火箭的部件改造成酒店客房，而不是用额外的人造物品挤占已经凌乱的天空。因此从最后一段可以推断出，太多的航天器已经引起了人们的担忧。故选B。
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Unit 4 Space Exploration Period 5 Listening and Talking & Assessing Your Progress & Project 同步练习（原卷版）
一、完成句子
1．（2023·高一课时练习）如果你想取得进步，弄清楚考试不及格的原因是很重要的。
If you want to make progress, it is ________the reason why you fail the exam.
2．（2023·高一课时练习）和他争论这个问题是没有用的，因为他不会改变主意。
It’s no use________the question, for he won’t change his mind.
3．（2023·高一课时练习）如果电线没有恰当地连接到插座，电击意外可能发生。
If the wires are not ______ ______ ______ the socket, electrical shock accidents may take place.
4．（2023·高一课时练习）我们在利用我们可利用的有限资源尽最大努力保护环境。(limited resources)
We are doing our best to protect our environment with __________________.
5．（2023·高一课时练习）他拥有敏锐的视觉，能很快辨认出两个双胞胎的不同。
He has _________ _________ and can quickly tell the differences between the twins.
6．（2022春·高一课时练习）过去数十年,由于全球变暖,北极海冰已经减少。
Over the past decades,sea ice has decreased in the Arctic ________global warming.
7．（2022春·高一课时练习）人们现在比过去享有更好的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。
People have better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer ________ ________ ________.
8．（2022春·高一课时练习）我不知道我们是否可以赶上最后一班公共汽车,或是只好步行回家。
I wonder ________be in time for the last bus or have to walk home.
9．（2023·高一课时练习）国内抗疫主题电影《中国医生》全面展现了武汉抗击新冠肺炎疫情的艰苦历程，使人们非常感动和自豪。
The domestic anti-epidemic-themed movie Chinese Doctors provides a panoramic view of the arduous fight against the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan,which ________.
10．（2023·高一课时练习）他们在一天中不会觉得忙碌或充满活力。这是因为一天中充满了他们“不得不做”的事情而不是他们“想做”的事情。
They do not feel engaged or enlivened in their day. ________it is full of things they“have to do”rather than what they “want to do”.
二、汉译英（整句）(共0分
11．（2023·高一课时练习）在主题公园里漫步,孩子们会被各种各样的娱乐设施所吸引。(wander, theme park, entertainment) (汉译英)
12．（2023·高一课时练习）有规律地锻炼对身体很有益。(regular) (汉译英)
13．（2023·高一课时练习）众人拾柴火焰高。(make a difference)(汉译英)
14．（2022春·高二课时练习）超市里卖各式各样的肥皂。（a variety of做主语）（汉译英）
三、七选五
（2023·高一课时练习）Gardening 380 Kilometers above Earth
Astronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isn’t a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. ____15____ Because of this, it’s not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.
Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. ____16____ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraft—the only air the astronauts can breathe.
____17____ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots don’t “know” to grow down, leaves don’t “know” to grow up, and water doesn’t easily travel up the roots to the leaves. ____18____ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (胶) are used to help plant growth.
Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. ____19____ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the world’s population now at seven billion (十亿) people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.
A．Every plant grown in space must have several uses.
B．However, there are challenges with growing plants in space.
C．Such methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.
D．The cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.
E．Specialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.
F．Astronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.
G．Currently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks and then caught again so it can be reused.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
（2023·高一课时练习）语法填空Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars __20__ other planets much further away.
Firstly, __21__ (explore) space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. As __22__ result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food__23__(feed) Earth’s increasing population.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological__24__(improve) that benefit us all. High-end products around the world __25__(make) to a higher standard now because of advanced technology __26__ was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.
__27__(final), sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are __28__(limit). The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
___29___ closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
五、完形填空
（2023·高一课时练习）Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960. Yet more than half of them have ____30____ to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from the Earth. So after China’s Mars probe, Tianwen 1, was ____31____ on July 23 last year, there was an ____32____ wait for its progress.
The craft landed____33____ on the surface of the planet on Saturday. The news has been met with both ____34____ and celebration in the country. The landing was ____35____ exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering ____36____, and shows that China has ____37____the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades____38____some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early_____39_____in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country _____40_____largely a backward agricultural country. _____41_____, the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades, making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
Late last month, China sent Tianhe into space,_____42_____a series of launches that will complete the building of the space station around 2022.
All these achievements have_____43_____greatly to the peaceful use of outer space. During its Mars mission, China has worked with European _____44_____and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
30．A．begun B．failed C．attempted D．succeeded
31．A．transported B．discovered C．launched D．settled
32．A．anxious B．aware C．awkward D．amazing
33．A．suddenly B．safely C．calmly D．obviously
34．A．protest B．regret C．pity D．relief
35．A．carried away B．carried off C．carried out D．carried on
36．A．explorers B．applicants C．officials D．editors
37．A．borrowed B．selected C．developed D．removed
38．A．without B．beyond C．except D．despite
39．A．promises B．impacts C．inventions D．breakthroughs
40．A．became B．remained C．ended D．started
41．A．Thus B．Therefore C．Furthermore D．However
42．A．getting off B．cutting off C．starting off D．putting off
43．A．appealed B．contributed C．responded D．belonged
44．A．neighbours B．friends C．partners D．classmates
六、阅读理解
A
（2023·高一课时练习）China in Space
Did you know...
★ In 1956 China opened the first missile and rocket research institute
★ Who is the first Chinese astronaut in space
★ What is China’s first Mars rover
The beginning of China’s space program
In 1956, China opened its first missile and rocket research institute. Qian Xuesen (1911—2009), a Chinese scientist honored as “the father of China’s space program” was the director. With great determination to build China’s own rockets, he devoted himself to China’s space program. Less than ten years later, on July 19, 1964, China launched a biology rocket “T-7A(S1)” into space with the first Chinese “astronauts”—4 big rats and 4 small rats inside it. In 1968, China opened another institute for manned space flight. But that was just the beginning.
China’s First Astronaut in Space
At 9 a.m. October 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, aboard the Shenzhou V manned spaceship, took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, starting his long-expected trip in space. More than 20 hours later, Yang Liwei finished his last action of this trip by cutting the rope of the parachute (降落伞) and walked out of the spaceship, putting an end to Chinese people’s successful trip to space for the first time.
China’s first Mars rover
On April 24, China’s Space Day, China’s first Mars rover has been named Zhurong, announced the China National Space Administration (CNSA). On May 22, the six-wheeled solar-powered rover, looking like a blue butterfly, left the first “footprints” on the red planet. Zhurong’s first successful drive made China the second country after the United States to land and operate a rover on Mars.
Zhurong is the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology. Literally, Zhu expresses the good wishes for humankind’s exploration of the universe. Rong means integration and cooperation, reflecting China’s vision of the peaceful use of space. The name is another example of Chinese scientific romance including Tianwen, Chang’e and Beidou, which also shows the Chinese spirit of exploration and cultural confidence, according to Wu Yanhua, deputy director of the CNSA．
45．Which word can best describe Qian Xuesen’s quality
A．Patient. B．Committed.
C．Gentle. D．Responsible.
46．How many “astronauts” were inside the biology rocket “T-7A(S1)”
A．One. B．Four.
C．Five. D．Eight.
47．What is Zhurong according to the text
A．A rocket. B．A rover.
C．A butterfly. D．A missile.
B
（2023·高一课时练习）Space Hotel Promises Guests A Truly
Out-Of-This-World Vacation
Looking for a truly out-of-this-world vacation Then you are in luck! On Thursday, April 5, Texas-based start-up Orion Span announced they were taking reservations for Aurora Station, the world’s first luxury hotel in space, which is expected to be launched in 2021 and begin welcoming visitors by 2022.
The pill-shaped space station, which began construction in 2019, will measure 43.5 feet long and 14.1 feet wide—about the size of a large private jet’s cabin—when completed. It will accommodate four guests in two private suites (套房) and two crew members, most likely former astronauts. Flying about 200 miles above the Earth, Aurora Station will circle the planet once every 90 minutes, enabling guests to enjoy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scores of the breathtaking northern and southern auroras (极光) that the hotel is named after.
While admiring the beauty of our planet, tourists can eat non-astronaut food and drinks or entertain themselves with playing cards. Those hoping to do something more worthwhile will be able to engage in astronaut-like experiments such as growing food in a special environment. The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy for guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on the earth. At the end of the vacation, returning guests will be treated to a special “hero’s welcome”, similar to the one experienced by astronauts returning from a real mission.
Before the once-in-a-lifetime trip, guests will have to undergo the three-month-long special training learning how to move in a weightless environment, along with the basics of spaceflight and orbital mechanics. Also, before you start packing your bags, you will have to pay $ 9.5 million for the 12-day round-trip vacation.
While several companies are planning to build hotels in space, Orion Span hopes to transform sections of used rockets floating in space into hotel rooms, instead of crowding the already messy skies with additional man-made objects.
48．What can be learned about Aurora Station
A．People can visit it now.
B．Its construction will last for about 5 years.
C．It can only hold four people in this station.
D．It looks like a pill with the size of a small plane.
49．Why is the hotel named Aurora Station
A．Because the hotel is lit up by the auroras of the Earth.
B．Because the hotel will give off auroras while travelling.
C．Because guests can enjoy fantastic auroras of the Earth.
D．Because the hotel will run around the auroras of the Earth.
50．What can guests do in the space hotel
A．Communicate with their family.
B．Enjoy astronaut food and drinks.
C．Cook meals like they do at home.
D．Receive welcome as a real hero.
51．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．There is little room for people to live on the Earth.
B．Too many spacecraft have aroused people’s concern.
C．Space hotels will be necessary in the near future.
D．Used rockets floating in space are easy to recycle.
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