2023届高考英语写作专项复习定语从句在写作中的应用课件 (共27张PPT)

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名称 2023届高考英语写作专项复习定语从句在写作中的应用课件 (共27张PPT)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2023-04-19 06:08:11

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(共27张PPT)
定语从句在写作中的应用
1.定语从句的基本写作步骤
第一步,写一句话,引出或交代人/物/事/地点/时间/原因;
例 我期待那一天。 I look forward to that day.
第二步,再写一句话,修饰/描写上句话中的某一名词/代词;
例 在那一天,我们可以再次相见。
On that day, we can meet each other again.
第三步,替换、合并 -用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
替换:I look forward to that day. + On that day, we can meet each other again.
which
合并:I look forward to that day on which (= when) we can meet each other again.
合并四大注意事项:
①关系词必须放在从句句首。先行词是物时,关系词用that/which;先行词是人时,关系词用that/who。
逗号和介词后不能使用that。
②相同名词前的介词不能省略--在上例中,that day前的介词on不能省略。
③合并后“介词+which”可以根据所表达的内容替换成其他连接词:in/on/at/during/...which=when(表时间),in/on/at/...which=where(表地点),for which= why(表原因),of which/whom=whose(表“谁的”)。
④合并时定语从句一般紧跟先行词。
2.定语从句的使用场景
定语从句适用范围很广,可以用来描述人、物、事、地点、时间、原因等。历年真题要求写人的相对较少,只有2012年广东卷、2020年全国I卷等,下面我们依次来看如何将定语从句运用到这六大场景中。
六大场景
1 写人
2 写物
3 写事
4 写地点
5 写时间
6 写原因
使用场景1:写人
第一步,写一句话,引出一个/些人;
例 我最喜欢的老师是李老师。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这个/些人-可以描写这个/些人的特点、形象、性格、动作等;
例 李老师教给我英语知识和成长的智慧。
第三步,替换、合并-用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
替换:
My favorite teacher is Miss Li.
Miss Li has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
My favorite teacher is Miss Li. + Miss Li has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
合并:My favorite teacher is Miss Li who has taught me knowledge of English and wisdom for growth.
1.第一步,写一句话,引出一个/些人;
①你应该和中国学生交朋友。
②第二步,再写一句话,描写这个/些人;你可以和中国学生练习口语。
③第三步,替换、合并。
①You should make friends with Chinese students.
② You can practice your spoken English with Chinese students.
③ You should make friends with Chinese students with whom you can practice your spoken English.
使用场景2 写物
第一步,写一句话,引出一个物;
例 希望你给我们学校英文报写一篇文章。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这个物-可以描写物的特点、用途、评价、来源、形状等;例 这篇文章介绍了美国节日风俗。
第三步,替换、合并一用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
替换:
I hope you will write an article for our school English newspaper.
The article introduces American festival customs. (The article = an article)
I hope you will write an article for our school English newspaper. + The article introduces American festival customs.
合并:I hope you will write an article which introduces American festival customs for our school English newspaper.
练一练
第一步,写一句话,引出一个物;
① 我建议购置一些科普类书籍。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这个物;
② 科普类书籍有助于培养学生对于科学的兴趣。
③ 第三步,替换,合并
① I advise buying some popular science books.
②Popular science books can help cultivate students' interest in science.
③I advise buying more popular science books which can help cultivate students' interest in science.
使用场景3:写事
示例
第一步,写一句话,交代一件事;
例这次活动将在6月10号到6月14号之间举办。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这件事-可以描写对这件事的评价等;
例这对于所有人来说都方便。
第三步,替换、合并-用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
The activity will be held from June 10th to June 14th.
It is convenient for everyone. (It = The activity will be held from June 10th to June 14th.)
替换,合并:The activity will be held from June 10th to June 14th,which is convenient for everyone.
上例中的It指代的是第一步中的整个句子,所以应该写成非限制性定语从句,即用逗号隔开,从句是对整个主句的补充说明。
练一练
第一步,写一句话,交代一件事;
中国结在传统文化中代表财富和幸福。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这件事;
这使得它们在人们中很受欢迎。
第三步,替换、合并。
①Chinese knots stand for fortune and happiness in traditional culture.
②That makes them popular among us.(That =Chinese knots stand for fortune and happiness in traditional culture.)
③Chinese knots stand for fortune and happiness in traditional culture,which makes them popular among us.
使用场景4:写地点
示例
第一步,写一句话,引出一个地点;
例比赛将会在学校体育馆内进行。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这个地点-可以描写这个地点发生的事情等;
例在体育馆内,我们将会和其他球队竞争。
·第三步,替换、合并-用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子
合并。
The competition will be held in the school stadium.
In the school stadium we will compete with other teams.
The competition will be held in the school stadium in which (= where) we will compete with other teams.
第一步,写一句话,引出一个地点;
①我会组织更多的校内活动。
②第二步,再写一句话,描写这个地点;在这些活动中学生可以提升自己的综合能力。
③第三步,替换、合并。
①I will organize more activities inside the school.
②In those activities students can improve their comprehensive capacity. (those activities = activities inside the school)
③I will organize more activities inside the school in which (= where) students can improve their comprehensive capacity.
使用场景5:写时间
示例
第一步,写一句话,引出一个时间;
例 我期待那样的日子。
第二步,再写一句话,描写这个时间-可以描写这个时间发生的事情等;
例在那些日子里,我们生活在没有交通堵塞和空气污染的城市里。
第三步,替换、合并-用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
I look forward to the days.
In those days we can live in a city without traffic congestion or air pollution.(those days = the days)
I look forward to the days in which (= when) we can live in a city without traffic congestion or air pollution.
练一练
1.第一步,写一句话,引出一个时间;
中秋节是一个重要的时刻。
第二步,再写一句话,描述这个时间;
在这个时刻,我们与家人团聚在一起,进行很多庆祝活动。
第三步,替换、合并。
①The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important occasion.
②On the occasion we are reunited with family for many celebrations.
③The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important occasion on which (= when) we are reunited with family for many celebrations.
使用场景6:写原因
第一步,写一句含有the reason的话,引出原因;
例我写信来向你解释原因。
.
第二步,写一句含有 for the reason 的话,引出结果;
例 出于这个原因,周末我不能和你一起去书店。
第三步,替换、合并-用关系词替换第二个句子中的相同名词/代词,将两个句子合并。
I write this letter to explain to you the reason.
For the reason I can't go to the bookstore with you.
合并:I write this letter to explain to you the reason for which (= why) I can't go to the bookstore with you.
练一练
1.第一步,写一句含有the reason的话,引出原因;
①原因很简单。
第二步,写一句含有 for the reason的话,引出结果;
②出于这个原因,我想在这次夏令营活动中申请一个职位。
③第三步,替换、合并。
① The reason is very simple.
②For the reason I apply for a position in the summer camp.
③The reason for which (= why) I apply for a position in the summer camp is very simple.
难度升级
定语从句在高考中的写作应用
2014浙江卷
1 众所周知,文学类图书在学生中很受欢迎。这类图书有助于提高学生的写作能力。
2019 陕西卷
2 首先,你的妈妈非常爱你,想保护你不受伤害。这就是她一直把你当成孩子的原因。
It is universally acknowledged that literary books are very popular among students, which contribute to improving students’ writing competence.
First,so much does your mother love you that she wants to protect you from being hurt, which is the reason why she continues to treat you like a child.
2018年全国二卷
3 我的第一个建议是参加中文学习班。专家的指导能帮你提高学习效率。
4 比赛将于下周末在本校体育馆举行,到时候我们会遇见强劲的对手。
Among the many suggestions which I would like to offer, the first is to attend Chinese learning classes, where you can learn efficiently under an expert’s guidance.
The competition will be held next week in our school stadium, where we will be faced with other powerful opponents.
Summary
1 learn how to combine the sentences
2 focus on how to use the right link words
Homework
Use five attributive clauses we have learned to combine a new passage.(50 words)