外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 6 Earth first-Starting out&Understanding Ideas课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
新外研社高中英语必修二Unit6Earth First
Starting Out&Understanding Ideas
Starting Out
What environmental problem does each cartoon refer to
water pollution
deforestation
滥伐森林
air pollution
global warming
Step I: lead-in
Enjoy the cartoons on P61 and answer the following questions.
1.What environmental problem does each cartoon refer to
______________________________________________________________________
2.What are the casues of these problems
______________________________________________________________________
3.What do you think is the most serious environmental problem we face today What should be done to help solve it
______________________________________________________________________
water pollution; deforestation; air pollution; global warming
Students' own answers
Students' own answers
Useful expressions: ignore; cause/lead to; people's awareness of environmental
protection ; invest; recycle; classification of waste; green energy...
Step II: Exchange ideas with each other in groups
Step III: Brainstorming
Please make a list the words related to environmental problems and solutions to them.
列举分类：
Protect the earth:(保护地球)
Damage the earth(破坏地球)
Natural environment:(自然环境)
Natural disasters(自然灾害)
Understanding Ideas
Lead in
Watch a clip from the film Jaws and find out what happens.
dangerous
man-eating
terrifying
fierce
What’s your feeling
horrible
scary
Within the text
Activity 1: Divide the passage into 3 parts and give the main idea of each part.
Activity 2: Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage.
(Highlight the evidence while reading.)
Look through the text quickly and finish the two activities.
Sharks:
Dangerous or Endangered
Part 1: (para. __& para. __)
Sharks are ___________
Part 2:(Para. __ & Para.__) Sharks are ____________
Part 3:(para. __)
Sharks are being ___________
dangerous
endangered
protected
1
2
3
4
5
Activity 1: The basic structure of the text
Activity 2: Choose the author's purpose in writing the passage.
A. To criticise Peter Benchley's misleading description of sharks in his book and advocate the protection of sharks.
B. To explain people's misunderstanding of sharks and raise awareness of shark protection.
C. To inform people about sharks and recommend the film and the book to them.
About the text
1.What does Jaws mainly talk about
2.What influence did Jaws have on people’s attitude to sharks
3.What did they do to these “dangerous” sharks
It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers.
It strengthened people’s long-held idea of sharks as dangerous animals.
They stopped swimming, started fishing, killed sharks and didn’t care about the killing.
Read para. 1&2 and answer the following questions.
Summary of para.1 & 2:
People's ________________________ makes sharks' number fall quickly.
misunderstanding (fear)
Do you think it is right to totally believe what a film tells us How should we learn about unknown species
Critical thinking
We should believe ______________________________
instead of ____________________________________.
authority(权威）and science
misleading or uncertain information
Absolutely not.
Finning
Finning's effect on sharks is _________.
(adj.)
Finning's effect on Peter Benchley is _______________.
(adj.)
awful
Fins are cut off.
Sharks are thrown back.
They die slowly and painfully.
Millions of them are killed.
Supportive evidence
Supportive evidence
He used to think sharks were __________
animals.
In 1980, he came to see people as __________ to sharks.
After 1980, he _________________ sharks and ________ that his book was wrong.
unexpected
A life
Read para. 3&4 and complete the chart.
dangerous
a danger
fought to protect
admitted
A bowl
Why are people crazy about finning
Shark fin soup is a sign of _______ and ________ and they are in high demand and value.
status
wealth
Further thinking
Summary of para. 3 & 4:
People's _________________________ makes sharks endangered.
desire for status and wealth
List some other reasons for the decrease of sharks.
Think & share
1. ocean pollution
2. climate change
3. volcanic eruption
4. ...
Useful expressions for giving reasons:
One of the reasons why sharks are endangered is that ...
Another reason for this is ...
In movie
In reality
We should
take action !
How does people’s attitude towards sharks change
Read para. 5 and answer the following question.
be more
frightened
want to protect
be scared
learn more,understand
what else
The 1975 film Jaws was a great success, 1.attracting(attract) huge audiences and winning many awards. People have always been 2.scared(scare) of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. Many people 3.who/that saw the film considered sharks as bad animals. Some even began to fish for sharks. As 4.a result, the number of sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of sharks, 5.but also finning. After finning, the sharks 6.are thrown(throw) back into the sea where they die painfully. In 1980, Peter Benchley came across an awful sight. He 7.admitted(admit) that his book was wrong about sharks’ 8.behaviour(behave). 9.Fortunately(fortunate), more people become interested in sharks now, and they want 10.to protect(protect) them from extinction.
Read and fill
Practice
Post-Reading
Beyond the text
Discuss & share
Share some other measures to protect them.
People The government Experts
say no to shark fin soup
raise our awareness of protecting them
stop polluting the ocean
pass laws to stop illegal killing
establish reserves
do more research and offer more findings about sharks
How can we protect sharks
Suppose our school hold an online live public welfare activity(网络直播公益活动) themed “Keep sharks in the sea” .
You are invited to deliver an online live initiative (网络直播倡议) about shark protection.
Read for use
You may organize it like this:
Dear netizens,
I'm making this online speech to raise your awareness of shark protection.
It is high time that we should start from ourselves and take action immediately. Joint efforts will change the situation！
Make an oral initiative to protect sharks.
(Use what we have learned today.)
An online live initiative about shark protection
(保护鲨鱼网络直播倡议)
situation, reasons, measures
Look dangerous but in fact endangered
pangolin（穿山甲）
Chinese alligator (扬子鳄)
Snow Leopard（雪豹）
South China Tiger (华南虎)
We should start to protect wild animals from now on. Only when we protect the wildlife can we live in harmony with nature.
Please remember no matter what we do, the earth comes first.
Language Points
SHARKS: DANGEROUS OR ENDANGERED
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater①. She surfaces②， cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, [1]showing a shark attack．It tells the story of a great white shark that attacks and kills swimmers. Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards.It strengthened people's long-held③ idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
[1]动词-ing短语作定语，可改写为定语从句which shows a shark attack。
①underwater adv.在水面下
②surface vi.升到水面，
浮出水面
③long-held长期持有的
People have always been scared④ of sharks, but Jaws [2]made things worse．It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.[3]Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.Some people stopped swimming in the sea, [4]afraid of the horrible creature from the film. Other people started fishing for sharks, [5]killing as many as they could．At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed. People just wanted them killed.
④scare v．使(某人)
惊恐，吓唬
After 1975，the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world.This was not only due to⑤ fear of sharks, but also finning⑥.Finning is a type of fishing [6]where sharks are caught and their fins cut off⑦．The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully. The fins are used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
[6]where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a type of fishing；cut off前省略了are。
⑤due to 由于，因为
⑥fin v．切去(鱼的)鳍
n．鱼鳍
⑦cut off切掉；被隔绝；
切断(供给)；中断
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, [7]the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on．In 1980, Benchley was diving⑧ when he came across an awful sight.It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks. Benchley [8]saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than⑨ the other way round⑩.
⑧dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
go diving去潜水
diver n．(通常指有专用装备的)潜水员
⑨rather than而不是
⑩the other way round相反的情况；颠倒过来，反过来
From that day on, he fought to protect sharks.He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks' behaviour. “Sharks don't target humans，” he said. [9]Experts have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake ．Only around six people are killed by sharks every year.
target v．把……作为目标
by mistake错误地，无意中
[近义词组]by chance
偶然，意外地
[反义词组]on purpose
故意地；有意地
Fortunately ，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction ．
fortunately adv.幸运地
[近义]luckily adv.幸运地
extinction n．灭绝，绝种
be threatened with
extinction/in danger of
extinction 面临灭绝的威胁/有灭绝的危险
extinct adj.已灭绝的，绝种的
Analyze some important sentences
(1) We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
我们看见一个女人晚上在深色的海里游泳。
分析：see a woman swimming ( see +宾语+doing做宾补:“看见某人正在做事”)
doing做宾补,表示与宾语之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行。
【知识链接】see sb. do (与sb.是主动关系，动作完成)
see sb./ sth. done (表示与宾语是被动关系)
【实战演练】a. I saw him going out when I came in.
b. I saw him go out.
c. I saw the boy beaten by his father just now.
(2)She surfaces, cries in fear, and then disappears forever.
(这个句子是3个并列谓语，正式的语法结构，do, do， and do。原文不太正式)
她浮出水面，恐惧地叫喊，之后永远地消失了。
【知识链接】容易与分词做状语混淆--看清结构与意义。
a. He put on his coat, picked up his bag, and then went out.
b. He went out, leaving the door open.
(3)This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, showing a shark attack.
这是1975年电影《大白鲨》的开场镜头，展示了鲨鱼攻击的场景。
把此句转变为定语从句做定语：
This is the opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws, which shows a shark attack.
(4) Jaws was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards.
《大白鲨》大获成功，吸引了大批观众，赢得了许多奖项。
attracting… and winning …这一部分是现在分词做伴随状语。
a great success 是抽象名词具体化，类似的词还有failure, success, surprise,
honor, comfort, pity…
(5)It strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark as a dangerous animal.
这加强了人们长期以来持有的大白鲨是种危险动物的认知观念。
与strengthen类似的构词：shorten； broaden; widen; lengthen…
另一形式：enrich；encourage; enlarge…
(6) People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse.
人们一直都害怕鲨鱼，但《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟糕。
scare v.使害怕 adj. scary令人害怕的; scared感到害怕的；
短语： scare sb. away/off把…吓跑 be scared of 害怕…
Seeing the scary film, Linda was almost scared to death.
(7)It made people frightened of sharks, especially of the great white shark.
它使人们更加恐惧鲨鱼，尤其是大白鲨。
make+宾语+形容词短语(过去分词形式的形容词)作宾补，
表示宾语所处的状态。
a. The book made more and more children interested in reading.
b. The boss made the workers finish the job within two days.
c. He was made to solve the problem by himself.
(8)At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many
were killed. People just want them killed.
那时，没有人关心鲨鱼是否被杀了，以及有多少鲨鱼被杀了。
人们只想要他们死掉。
care后接if引导的宾语从句；want+宾语+过去分词作宾补（与宾语之间是被动关系）
医生们不在乎他们自己是否将被感染(infect)。他们想要病人们被拯救。
Doctors don’t care if/whether they will be infected.
They want patients saved.
(9)This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.
这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。割鳍是一种捕鱼方式，
在这种捕鱼方式中，鲨鱼被捕获，鱼鳍被割断。
cut off: 切掉； 隔离；阻断；中断 due to : 由于…
a.由于这场可怕的疾病，很多人被与外面的世界隔绝了。
Due to the terrible disease, many people are cut off from the outside world.
b.由于工人们的努力，他们减少了成本费。
Due to the workers’ efforts, they cut down the cost.
(10)The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and painfully.
鲨鱼被扔向海里，在那里它们缓慢而痛苦地死去.
(11) Finning would have an unexpected effect on Peter, the man who wrote
the book the film Jaws was based on.
割鳍带给《大白鲨》的原著作者彼得.本奇利预料之外的影响。
have an effect// impact on… 对…有影响
the man 做Peter的同位语，其后是个定语从句，在此定语从句内部，
the book 后是省略which或that 的定语从句。
(12) In 1980, Benchley was diving when he came across an awful sight.
1980年，本奇力正在潜水，就在那时他看到了可怕的一幕。
come短语：实现come true 出版 come out 形成 come into being
加油；快点；得了吧 come on 提出 come up with
sight短语: 看见 catch sight of… 第一眼 at first sight
在视野外 out of sight 在视野内 in sight
13.It was an area where fishermen were finning, and the sea floor was
covered with dead sharks.
那是一片海域，渔民们正在这片海域采割鲨鱼的鱼鳍，
海底遍布着鲨鱼的尸体。
where 引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。
14.Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a change in him.
本奇利亲眼目睹鲨鱼被杀，这引起了他内心的深刻转变。
15.He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round.
他意识到人类才是鲨鱼的威胁，而鲨鱼并非人类的敌人。
the other way round: 反过来，反之亦然
16. Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks—
some became interested in understanding them.
本句中not everyone是部分否定，意为“不是每个人”。
e.g. I hate to disillusion you, but not everyone is as honest as you.
我实在不愿把实情告诉你，但并非人人都像你那样诚实。
(1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)若表示完全否定，可借助于no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither, never等。
Underline the important phrases
在夜晚
恐惧地
开场画面
讲述…的故事
长久以来对…的看法
害怕…
捕杀鲨鱼
…的数量
由于…
割掉，阻断
对…产生出乎意料的影响
基于…
正在做…就在这时…
偶然遇到…
at night
in fear
the opening scene
tell the story of…
long-held idea of…
be scared// frightened of…
fish for sharks
the number of…
due to…// as a result of…
cut off
have an unexpected effect on…
be based on…
be doing…when…
come across
而不是…
反之亦然
从那天起
努力做某事
错误地
保护某人/某物免遭…
rather than
the other way round
from that day on
fight to do sth.
by mistake
protect … from …
Assignment
1. Write down your initiative and polish it.
2. Make a poster about endangered animals and call on people to protect them. (including situation, reasons, measures)
Suggested websites:
1. 中国珍惜野生动物现状
https://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/endangered_species/
2. 中国野生动物保护协会
http://www.cwca.
3. 保护生态的公益活动
http://www.earthhour.