外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 2 Exploring English Using language 课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
新外研社高中英语必修一
Unit 2Exploring English
Using Language
Lead in:
pineapple
basketball
butterfly
butter
fly
mooncake
moon
cake
Review: Word formation
Look at the sentences and expressions from the reading passage. Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.
a Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
b ...sculpt a sculpture...
c When we...see rain..., we can say “it’s raining”...
d WHO
1 abbreviating
2 changing the part of speech
3 adding a prefix or suffix
4 combining two or more words
Review: Word formation
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.
Words formed by combining other words are called compounds, for example, 1______________ (a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen) and 2_______________ (known by many people).
Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite.
penfriend
well-known
Review: Word formation
For example, if something isn’t correct it’s 3__________, and if someone isn’t happy they’re 4__________. Words with the suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improved a lot, they have made great 5____________.
Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm somebody down, they become 6__________. And we can give someone a present by 7__________ it.
incorrect
unhappy
improvement
calm
presenting
Review: Word formation
And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words: “World Trade Organization” can be referred to as 8__________, and 9__________ is short for “as soon as possible”.
It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.
WTO
ASAP
Review: Word formation
Work in groups. Choose one type and come up with as many words as possible.
□ abbreviating
□ changing the part of speech
□ adding a prefix or suffix
□ combining two or more words
like
1.unlike，adj. 不同;不像;相异
2.dislike vt.不喜欢;厌恶;n.厌恶;反感
3.likely adj.可能的;预料的;
4.likelihood n.可能;可能性
5.likeness n.相像;相似;
6.liking n.喜欢;喜好;嗜好;乐趣
v.like的现在分词
7.unlikely adj.不大可能发生的
构词法
英语构词法主要有四种：派生法、合成法、转化法和缩略法。
1 派生法
在一个词根的前面或后面加上某个词缀生成一个新词，这种构词法称为派生法。加在前面的词缀叫前缀，加在后面的词缀叫后缀。
（1）前缀
前缀一般只改变词的意义，不改变词性。
①表示否定意义的前缀
①表示否定意义的前缀
（2）后缀：后缀通常改变词性，构成意思相近的其他词性的词，少数后缀会改变词义。①形容词后缀
续表
单句语法填空
第一组：前缀
(1) She never gets any exercise—she must be really ___________（fit）.
(2) ［词汇复现］ Her nervousness quickly ___________ （appear）once she was on stage.
(3) No，I ___________ （agree）. I don’t think it would be the right thing to do.
(4) —I want to speak to Mr Franks.
—I’m afraid that’s ___________ （possible）.
(5) This meeting room is a ___________ （smoking）area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
(6) Don’t ________________ （understand）me—I am grateful for all you’ve done.
unfit
disappeared
disagree
impossible
non-smoking
misunderstand
(7) He was so tired that he fell ___________ （sleep）at his desk.
(8) It was a bad accident—they’re lucky to be ___________（live）.
(9) The study of science has ___________（rich）all our lives.
(10) Reading will ___________（large）your vocabulary.
(11) How do you find an ___________ （national）partner for your project
(12) We take all our bottles to be ___________（cycle）.
(13) Lucy turned on the ___________（vision）to watch the evening news.
asleep
alive
enriched
enlarge
international
recycled
television
第二组：后缀
(14) For this course a pass in English at grade B is ___________ （accept）.
(15) ［词 汇 复 现］ It is important to look at the political and ___________（culture）context in which the novel was written.
(16) In the picture，we can see a boy in worn clothes，sitting at a shabby ___________ （wood）table with a pile of books on it.
(17) ［2019·天津卷］ Personally，I’d want to learn about ___________ （west）painting.
(18) ［2019· 江 苏 卷］ It’s an opportunity to make the ___________ （China）culture better known to international students.
(19) If we know that gossip（流言蜚语）can be ___________ （harm），then why do so many of us do it
(20) Water had got into the radio，and now it was completely ___________ （use）.
acceptable
cultural
wooden
western
Chinese
harmful
useless
(21) She was very ___________ （impress）in the interview.
(22) The forest in the dark is ___________（danger）for them.
(23) I needn’t have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very ___________（friend）to me.
(24) He left as a poor，working-class boy and returned as a ___________（wealth）man.
(25) The books in the library are ___________（class）according to subject.
(26) If we go on a trip abroad，we can ___________ （broad）our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.
(27) I think you should ____________________（apology） to your brother.
impressive
dangerous
friendly
wealthy
classified
broaden
apologize/apologise
American English and British English
Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their British equivalents.
subway / underground
highway / motorway
theater / theatre
gas / petrol
apartment / flat
elevator / lift
American English and British English
Complete the passage with the following words.
subway / underground highway / motorway
theater / theatre gas / petrol
apartment / flat elevator / lift
Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed “-re” spellings to “-er”, which is why________ is spelt _______ in American English.
theatre
theater
American English and British English
subway / underground highway / motorway
theater / theatre gas / petrol
apartment / flat elevator / lift
The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting ______ in their cars and driving along the ___________, whereas in the UK, people put _________ in their cars and drive along the ___________. Americans take the _________ to the top floor of a building, but the British use the _____.
gas
highway
petrol
motorway
elevator
lift
American English and British English
subway / underground highway / motorway
theater / theatre gas / petrol
apartment / flat elevator / lift
In the US, they take the _________, but in the UK, people travel on the _____________, Americans live in a(n) ___________ while the British live in a(n) _______.
It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the “right” one!
subway
underground
apartment
flat
American English and British English
Background information
Noah Webster was an American lexicographer renowned for his American Dictionary of the English
Language and his contribution to American English. Webster played a significant part in defining the words that Americans use, and adopted many American English spellings in his dictionary, for example, “color” and “center”.
Noah Webster (1758-1843)
American English and British English
Background information
He also added commonly used American words that were not part of the British English dictionaries, such as “squash”. He believed that spelling, grammar, and
language usage should be based upon and reflect people’s ways of life, enabling those living in different parts of America to communicate in a common language.
English was brought to America by British settlers due to the colonialism during the 17th century. With further migration in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the various cultural and language influences that this brought, the English in America developed some unique features.
American English and British English
Background information
American English
When America became an independent nation after the War of Independence, Americans regarded their language as another symbol of that independence and believed that they should have a language system of their own.
American English and British English
Background information
American English
American English and British English
Work in pairs. Find more examples of differences between American and British English. Use a dictionary or search on the lnternet.
lf you’d like to find out more about British English and American English, you can search a library or online using these key words:
Development of English
History of the English Language
Before listening
Each year, many additions are made to English dictionaries. Recent additions include “selfie” (a photograph that you take of yourself, usually with a mobile phone) and “netizen” (a citizen who uses the Internet) .
Some messaging abbreviations have also been added, for example, BRB (be right back), COZ (because) and G2G (got to go).
Did you know
Before listening
Look at the three pictures, let’s predict what will be talked about in each conversation
While-listening
Listen to three conversations and match them to the pictures.
Conversation 1
Conversation 2
Conversation 3
b
c
a
While-listening
Listen again and complete the table.
Words Meaning Origin
dim sum a kind of traditional ______________ from _______________
_________________
_______ using a cellphone without caring about others a combination of the words ________ and ______
_______ a shorter way of saying ______________ from the Internet
Chinese food
dialect
the Guangdong
cellfish
cellphone
selfish
“laugh out loud”
LOL
Now talk about how the speakers ask for and explain the meanings of the words. Listen again if necessary.
Speaking
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to ask for and explain the meanings of the expressions.
Student A: Turn to Page 81.
Student B: Turn to Page 84.
Discussion
Some of the language used on the Internet is different to the language used in other forms of communication. lt may be a quick and, to you, clear way to communicate, but before you use it, stop and think: who do you want to communicate with and why Make sure that any abbreviations and emojis you use are appropriate for the situation, and consider whether your readers will even know what you mean by BRB or Coz.
Learning to learn
Homework
Review word formation and find more examples of differences between American and British English. Use a dictionary or search on the Internet.
Find new words and their meanings on the Internet, and have a similar conversation.