八年级(下)Units 7-8
重难点精讲
考点1—Would you mind turning down the music 你介意把音乐关小点吗?
—No, not at all. 不,一点也不(介意)。(page fifty-two)
【用法归纳】Would you mind doing... 句型
“Would you mind doing... ”句型表示礼貌地请求别人做某事,意为“你介意什么吗?”回答该句型时,如果介意,可以说:Yes.或I am sorry, but I do. 或 Better not.等,必要时可表示歉意:Sorry, I will not.如果不介意,可以这样回答:Not at all.或Certainly not.或Of course not.或No problem.
◆Would you mind one's doing something. 相当于Would或Do you mind if加从句?意为“你介意某人做某事吗?”如:
—Would you mind my trying on your new coat
等于Would you mind if I try on your new coat 你介意我试试你的新外套吗?
—Better not. 最好不要。
◆该句型的否定形式是在mind 后面直接加not 构成。Would you mind not doing something 如:
Would you mind not opening the window 你介意不要开窗户吗?
◆该句型中的would 也可以用do 来代替。如:
Do you mind turning off the TV 你介意关掉电视机吗?
考点2 ...but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. 不过还有一些地方大声说话是不被允许的。(page fifty-eight)
【用法归纳】allow的用法
allow用作动词,意为“允许,让(做某事)”。主要用法如下:
◆allow加名词/代词。如:
We can not stand by and allow such a thing. 对这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。
◆allow somebody. to do something.“允许某人做某事”;没有allow to do something.的搭配。如:
My mother allowed me to play for only thirty minutes. 我妈妈只允许我玩30分钟。
◆be allowed to do something.为被动结构,意为“被允许做某事”。如:
May I be allowed to use this typewriter 我能用一用这台打字机吗?
◆allow doing something.意为“允许做某事”。如:
He allows smoking here. 他允许在这儿吸烟。
考点3 Why do not you get her a scarf 你为什么不给她买一条围巾?(page sixty)
【用法归纳】Why do not you...?句型
◆句型“Why do not you do something. ”意为“你为什么不做某事呢?”表示商量或给对方建议,否定式疑问显得更加委婉,更容易被对方接受,也可用句型“Why not do... ”如:
Why do not we go shopping together 等于Why not go shopping together 我们为什么不一起去购物呢?
考点4 What?is the best gift Joe has ever received 乔收到的最好的礼物是什么?(page sixty-two)
【用法归纳】辨析receive与accept
receive只表示客观上收到,不表示主观上是否愿意接受。如:I received a letter from my old friend yesterday.昨天我收到了一位老朋友的信。
accept“接受”,表示主观乐意接受。如:Ican?not accept his idea.我不能接受他的观点。Later, the family accepted the new member.不久,这一家人接受了这个新的成员。
考点5 In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts.在美国,一些人让他们的家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善事业,而不是给他们买礼物。(page sixty-five)
【用法归纳】rather than的用法
◆rather than 是一个连词词组,意思是“而不是……;与其……不如……”,表示在两者之间进行选择,连接两个相同成分,如名词、动词、介词短语和代词。也可用于“prefer to do something. rather than do somgthing.”结构中,意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如:
He wants to play computer games rather than do his homework. 他想玩电脑游戏,而不是做作业。
He preferred to stay at home rather than go with us. 他宁愿待在家里也不愿同我们一起去。
◆rather than 这个词组也可以分开,构成would rather do...than do..., would do...rather than do...也可表达相同的意思,如以上例句可表示为:He would rather play computer games than do his homework.
The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里也不愿乘公共汽车(去)。
How regretful you are! I would rather not tell you the truth. 看你多后悔!早知道我就不告诉你真相了。八年级(下)Units 5-6
重难点精讲
考点1 If you go to the party, you?will have a great time!如果你去参加聚会的话,你将会玩得非常高兴!(page thirty-four)
【用法归纳】have a great time 的用法
have a great time为固定短语,意为“玩得开心”。如:
I had a great time in the park yesterday.昨天我在公园里玩得很开心。
◆have a good time等于have fun等于enjoy oneself 玩得开心;
◆have a great time 玩得非常开心,相当于have lots of fun或enjoy oneself very much;
以上短语都后接动词?ing形式。如:
—Did you have a great time playing games with your friends at the party 你在派对上和朋友们做游戏玩得开心吗?
—Sure! We enjoyed ourselves very much! 当然了!我们玩得非常开心!
【知识拓展】
◆have a difficult time doing something. 做某事有困难
◆have a hard time with/doing something. 在某方面或做某事感到困难
◆have trouble/difficulty/problem(s)(in)doing something. 做某事有困难
考点2 I?have been skating since I was seven years old. 我从七岁开始滑冰。(page forty-five)
【用法归纳】辨析since与for
两词引导的短语可以表示一段时间,都不能与短暂性词连用,对其提问用how long。
◆since+过去时间点或过去时态。如:
It?is five years since she joined Greener China. 她加入“绿色中国”这个组织已经五年了。
◆for加一段时间。如:
Your son has been playing basketball for a long time. 你儿子已经打篮球很长时间了。
◆since作连词时,还可译为“既然,由于”,引导原因状语从句,常置于句首。如:
Since you are not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然你感觉不是很好,你应该待在家里。
注意:ever since意为“从那以后”,多与完成时态连用。
考点3 Here, students are skating to raise money for charity. 这里,学生们滑冰为慈善机构筹集资金。(page forty-six)
【用法归纳】raise的用法
◆raise为及物动词,意为“筹集”。此外 raise还可意为“举起;抚养;提高”。如:
If anyone has questions, please raise your hand.如果有人疑问,请举手。
考点4 My mom says I have to stop, because we?have run out of room to store them. 我妈妈说我不得不停止,因为为了储存他们我们已经用尽了所有的房间。(page forty-eight)
【用法归纳】run out of的用法
run out of用完、用光。如:
I am running out of my money. 我身上的钱即将用完了。
【知识拓展】与run有关的短语
◆be out of没有;耗尽。如:
The car is out of gas. 这车没油了。
◆run out用光,耗尽。如:
My time ran out. I did not finish my test. 我没完成试卷,时间不够。
考点5 I?am interested in the job as a writer. 我对作家的工作感兴趣。(page forty-nine)
【用法归纳】辨析interested, interest与interesting
◆be interested in “对什么感兴趣”的意思。 如:
We are interested in the movie. 我们对这部电影感兴趣。
◆interest为动词,“使感兴趣”。如:
Computer games interest a lot of people. 电脑游戏使许多人感兴趣。
◆interesting为形容词,“有趣的”;interested为形容词“感兴趣的”。如:
This is an interesting story. 这是一个有趣的故事。八年级(下)Units 1-2
重难点精讲
考点1 I think I?will live in an apartment with my best friends, because I do not like living alone. 我认为我将会和我最好的朋友们住在公寓里,因为我不喜欢单独居住。(page six)
【用法归纳】辨析alone与lonely
两者都作形容词,表示“寂寞的,孤单的”,但用法不同:
◆alone 可用作形容词和副词,意为“单独,独自”,表客观事实。一般在句中作表语和状语,不作定语。如:
The old man lived alone in the village. 那个老人独自一人住在村子里。
◆lonely作形容词,指精神上感到寂寞,或指地方比较偏僻,人迹罕至,具有一定的感彩,在句中既可作定语,又可作表语。如:
The poor man has no children, but he never feels lonely. 那个贫穷的人没有孩子,但他从不感到寂寞。
She was taken to a lonely island. 她被带到一个荒岛上。
考点2 Before nineteen twenty-nine, there was no sound in movies. 1929年之前,电影都是无声的。(page seven)
【用法归纳】辨析sound, voice与noise
◆sound作名词时,指自然界各种各样的声音;作及物动词时,意为“发出声音”;作连系动词时,意为“听起来”,后接形容词作表语。如:
Did you hear the strange sound 你听到奇怪的声音了吗?
This plan sounds wonderful.这个计划听起来很不错。
◆voice为名词,指人的声音。如:
It?is very nice to hear your voice.很高兴听到你的声音。
◆noise意为“噪音”,作名词,指任何可以对人的休息、工作和生活造成影响的声音。如:
Do not make so much noise.不要制造如此多的噪音。
考点3 No, he does not have money, either. 不,他也没有钱。(page twelve)
【用法归纳】辨析either, too, also与as well
“也”的辨析either位于否定句句尾。too一般用于肯定句句尾,还可以位于人称代词的宾格之后。also位于肯定句句中。as well一般位于肯定句句尾,比too较为正式。如:My father has been to Beijing. I have been there, too.我爸去过北京。我也去过那。
Li Ming also takes part in the ceremony.李明也参加了仪式。
Lucy does not go to the party, either.露西也没有参加聚会。
Tony speaks Chinese as well.托尼也说中文。
【知识拓展】
either表示两者之中的任何一个(三者以上中的任何一个用any),常用短语either... or...作主语时,谓语动词的数与or后面的主语保持一致。如:
Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错了,就是我错了。
考点4 Everyone else in my class was invited except me.除了我以外,我们班里其他人都被邀请了。(page forteen)
【用法归纳】辨析except, besides与but
◆except意为“除什么外,不再有什么(不包括)”,表示一种排除关系。如:
We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.除周六和周日外,我们每天都上学。
◆besides意为“除什么外,还有什么(包括)”,表示一种累加关系。如:
There are three more visitors besides me. 除了我之外,还有三名参观者。
◆but着重强调整体,常用在no, all, nobody, where, who等词之后,后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词原形。如:
Mary did nothing but clean the dishes.玛丽只洗了盘子。
【知识拓展】
including意为“包括……(在内)”,是except的反义词。如:
There are six members in the club including me.这个俱乐部包括我在内有六个成员。八年级(下)Units 3-4
重难点精讲
考点1 What was the girl doing when the UFO took off 当UFO起飞时那个女孩正在干什么?(page nineteen)
【用法归纳】
1. take off的用法
take off意为“起飞”,还可表示“脱掉(衣、帽、鞋等),动身”。如:
When I got to school, the had begun.当我到达学校时,已经开始上课了。
【知识拓展】take短语小结
take an exam参加考试take part in参加
take a taxi乘出租车take away带走;拿走
take place发生take out拿出
take it easy别着急;慢慢来
2. 辨析while与when(2009年29题)
◆while常指一段时间,而不可指时间点,引导的从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,谓语常用进行时态。如:
The door bell rang while we were watching TV. 门铃响的时候,我们正在看电视。
◆when引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”,它引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词,从句的谓语可以是进行时态,也可以是非进行时态。
When my mother came back, I was doing my homework. 我母亲回来时,我在做作业。
考点2 You can imagine how strange it was! 你可以想象它有多奇怪!(page twenty)
【用法归纳】imagine的用法(2012年26题)
imagine一般用作及物动词,意为“想象,设想,料想”,常用的五种句型为:
◆imagine something.意为“想象某物;设想某物”。如:
We cannot imagine life without any hardships.我们不能想象没有任何坎坷的生活。
◆imagine somebody.加名词. 意为“认为某人是……”。如:
I once imagined him a thin tall man. 我曾以为他是个高高瘦瘦的人。
◆imagine somebody.或something.(to be)...意为“想象某人/
物怎么样”。如:
The boy imagined himself (to be)a pilot.那个男孩想象自己是一名飞行员。
◆imagine doing something.意为“想象做某事”。如:
I can not imagine myself teaching in front of so many people.我不能想象自己在那么多人面前教学。
◆imagine+that从句,意为“认为/想象某人....”。如:
I imagine(that)you are very tired. 我想你已经很累了。
考点3 What happened while Linda was on the telephone 琳达打电话时发生了什么?(page twenty-two)
【用法归纳】辨析happen与take place
◆happen 表示“发生”,是不及物动词,无被动语态。happen是指事情偶然“发生”,事先并未作安排,happen to do something常表示“碰巧做某事”。如:
The earthquake happened when the people were sleeping soundly. 当人们熟睡的时候,地震发生了。
①something. happen加表示地点的介词短语或表示时间的介词短语。如:
The story happened in two thousand three. 故事发生在2003年。
②something. happen to somebody. 表示“某人发生了什么事”。如:
A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天早晨她发生了车祸。
◆take place也表示“发生”,是不及物动词短语,常用于预先安排好的或人们积极参与的事情。如:
The next Olympic Games will take place in Brazil in two thousand sixteen. 下一届奥运会将于2016年在巴西举行。
考点4 In English, I?am better at reading than listening. 在英语方面,我的阅读能力比听力好。(page twenty-nine)
【用法归纳】辨析be good at与do well in
◆be good at意为“擅长,在某方面做得好”,反义词组为be weak/poor in或at“在某方面差/弱”。如:
Linda does very well in playing table tennis.But I?am good at tennis. 琳达擅长打乒乓球,而我擅长打网球。
◆do well in也表示“在某方面做得好”,反义词组为do badly in“在某方面做得差/不好”。如:
Mary does well in maths. 玛丽数学学得很好。
Tom did well in that English test或sports meeting. 汤姆在那次英语考试中/运动会中考得很好(表现出色)。
Wu Dong does badly in his lessons. 吴冬功课不好。
【知识拓展】
◆be good for意思是“对什么有益/好处”;反义词组为be bad for,意思是“对什么有害”。如:
Eating fruit and vegetables is good for your
health, but eating junk food is bad for your health. 吃水果和蔬菜有益于你的健康,但吃垃圾食品有害健康。
◆be good with意思是“和什么相处得很好”。如:
She is good with her mother?in?law. 她和婆婆相处得很好。
◆be good to相当于be kind to或be friendly to,意思是“对什么友好”。如:
The Chinese people are good to foreigners. 中国人对外国人很友善。八年级(下)Units 9-10
重难点精讲
考点1 Linda has been to the aquarium. 琳达去水族馆了。(page sixty-nine)
【用法归纳】辨析have been to, have gone to与have been in
◆have been to表示“某人曾经去过某地”,已经回来了。如:
I have been to Tibet for three times. 我去过西藏三次。(现在不在西藏,强调曾经去过)
◆have gone to意为“到某地去了”,表示已经去往某地,现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿,实际上讲的是现在的情况,着重指现在人不在,限用于第三人称,不用于第一、二人称。如:
She has gone to Tibet. 她去西藏了。(现在还未回来)
◆have been in意为“到某地多长时间了”,常与时间段连用。
①其后接表示次数的状语时,意为“到过”。如:
We have been in this lab three times. 这个实验室我们来过三次了。
②其后接表示时间段的状语时,则指到目前为止的一段时间。如:
I have been in Australia for three years.我到澳大利亚已有三年了。
③其后还可接表示组织、团体的名词,意为“某人加入某组织”。如:
He has been in the Party for two years. 他入党有两年了。
注意:have been to, have gone to与have been in后接表示地点的副词there, here等时,介词to和in常省略。如:
You have never been there before, have you?你以前从来没有去过那儿,是吗?
They have gone there.他们已去那儿了。
考点2 I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, ...我发现了最重要的要求是英语说得好,……(page seventy-two)
【用法归纳】辨析discover, invent, create, find与find out
◆discover 意为“发现,找到”,表示发现过去就存在但尚未被人发现或知晓的事物,如地点、物体或事实等,名词形式是discovery;如:
Columbus discouered America in forteen ninety-two. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美州。
◆invent 意为“发明,创造”,指通过研究和实验而“创造,发明”出前所未有的产品或装置;如:
janes Naismith invented the basketball game. 詹姆斯·奈史密斯发明了篮球运动。
◆create指从无到有“创作”或创作出原本不存在的东西,如艺术作品,理论等;如:
It is labor that creates the world. 是劳动创造了世界。
◆find 指偶然发现或经过寻找才得到所需要的东西或丢失的东西;如:
At last, I found that my bag was under the sofa. 最后,我在沙发底下找到了我的包。
◆find out 意为“查明,找出”,多指通过调查、询问、研究之后“搞清楚,弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义。
考点3 On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese.另一方面,四分之三以上的人口是中国人。(page seventy-four)
【用法归纳】population的用法
◆集体名词,是人口的总称,被看作一个整体,一般不加s,在句子中作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。表部分人口时,谓语动词多用复数形式。如:
The world's population is growing faster and faster.世界人口增长得越来越快。
seventy percent of the population of China are peasants.中国百分之七十的人口是农民。
◆对人口数量提问用what,而不用how much。用large或big表示人口多,用small表示人口少。如:
What is the population of China 中国的人口是多少?
Beijing has a large population.北京人口很多。
Singapore has a small population.新加坡人口少。
九年级(全)Units 1到2
重难点精讲
考点1 Do you learn English by watching English?language videos 你是通过看英语录像片的方式学习英语的吗?(page three)
【用法归纳】by的用法
by作介词时,后接动词的 i n g形式,表示方法、手段,意思是“通过什么方式(途径)”。如:
Mr. Green makes a living by teaching. 格林先生以教书为生。
I study by working with a group. 我通过小组合作来学习。
【知识拓展】by 的其他用法
◆“经过(某人/某物)”。如:
He went by the supermarket on his way to school. 在上学的路上,他经过那家超市。
◆“在什么旁边,在什么附近”。如:
Li Lei sits by my side in the classroom. 在教室里,李雷坐在我的旁边。
◆“在什么之前,不迟于……”。如:
I can finish doing my homework by six o'clock. 我能在6点之前做完作业。
◆表示交通方式,意为“乘……;坐……”。如:
I usually go to school by bike. 我通常骑自行车去上学。
◆“被;由”,后接动作的执行者,常用于被动语态。如:
The window was broken by Sally.窗户是被萨利弄坏的。
◆固定短语 by the way “顺便说一下”; by accident “偶然,碰巧”; by mistake“由于差错,由于疏忽”。如:
By the way, I forgot to tell you the news. 哦,对了,我忘记告诉你那个消息了。
Sorry, I took your umbrella by mistake. 对不起,我错拿了你的雨伞。
考点2 What about reading aloud to practice pronuciation 大声朗读练习发音怎么样?(page three)
【用法归纳】 辨析aloud, loud与loudly
三个词都有“大声”之意,但用法有区别:
◆aloud重点在于“出声”,指声音能让人听见,但不一定大,无比较级形式。只有与read, cry, call或shout等动词连用时,才表示“大声”之意。如:
Read English aloud every day, you will become more interested in it. 每天大声朗读英语,你将会对它更感兴趣。
◆loud强调声音响亮,常与speak,sing,laugh等动词连用,可作副词、形容词,常用比较级形式。如:
She was singing loud. I could not sleep well. 她唱歌声音太大,我睡不好觉。
◆loudly意为“高声地”,与作副词的loud可替换,不过loudly有时含有“喧闹”之意。强调声音高、喧闹、不悦耳或令人感到厌烦的声音。如:
Someone knocked loudly at the door.有人在大声地敲门。
考点3 I was also afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates might laugh at me.我也很害怕在课堂上发言,因为我觉得我的同学可能会嘲笑我。(page six)
【用法归纳】afraid的用法
◆be afraid to do something.害怕做某事或不敢做某事。如:
He was afraid to fly in a plane. 他不敢坐飞机。
He was afraid to go into the house and meet his father. 他不敢进屋去见他父亲。
◆be afraid of doing something.担心会发生某事或某情况(但实际上未必会发生)。如:
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕伤害她的感情。
注意:be afraid of doing something.表示“担心会发生某事或某情况”时,其后可用be afraid that替换。如:
He was afraid of losing face.=He was afraid (that) he would lose face. 他怕失面子。
考点4 If you do not know how to spell new words, look them up in a dictionary. 如果你不知道怎样拼写新单词,你可以在字典中查找。(page seven)
【用法归纳】辨析 look up,look for, find与find out
◆look up指(在词典、参考书等中)查阅。如:
If you do not know the new word, you can look it up in the dictionary. 如果你不认识这个生词,你可以在词典里查一下。
◆look for寻找(强调寻找的动作)。如:
He?is looking for his dinner. 他正在寻找他的晚餐。
They looked for the lost dog everywhere, but could not find it. 他们到处找那只走丢的狗,但没找到。
◆find找到(强调寻找的结果或偶然的发现)。如:
You can find the lost key in the desk. 你能在书桌里找到丢失的钥匙。
◆find out查明(强调经过一番努力后得出的结果或发现抽象事物)。如:
Please find out when the plane takes off. 请查一下那趟航班什么时候起飞。
考点5 Mario, you used to be short, didn't you 玛里奥,你过去个子矮,对吗?(page ten)
【用法归纳】辨析used to do something.,be used to do something.与be used to doing something.
used to “过去常常”(后接动词不定式,表示过去的习惯)。否定式有两种: did not use to或used not to。 疑问式有两种: Did...use to... 或Used...to do... 但常用第一种。答语形式与did和used的形式一致。
◆used to do something. 意为“过去常常做某事”(而现在已经不做了),表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或状态,和现在对比,暗示现在不做了。to为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。如:
I used to go shopping on Saturdays, but now I no longer do so. 过去我经常星期六去购物,但现在我不再那样了。
◆be used to do something. 表示被动,意为“.....被用来做……”。如:
Computers are used to help people do many things. 电脑被用来帮助人们做很多事情。
◆be used to doing something. 意为“习惯于做某事”。to 在这里是介词,后接名词或动名词。如:
The teacher is used to going to bed late in the evening. 那个老师习惯于晚睡觉。