(共37张PPT)
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world
人教新目标版 八年级下
2d&Grammar focus-4c优质课
Learning objectives
1.能正确运用形容词副词的比较级和最高级进行事物间的比较；
2.能用大数描述和谈论自然地理概述。
3.进一步掌握比较级最高级的构成及运用。
4. 了解我国的悠久历史、灿烂文化和大好河山。
Lead-in
It is a man-made object.
(人造的)
He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
(不到长城非好汉)
中国的长城共有近一万公里，东起河北秦皇岛的山海关，西到嘉峪关，这是明代修筑长城的两个最大关口，北京境内的长城有600余公里，比较著名的有八达岭长城、金山岭长城、司马台长城、慕田峪长城、居庸关长城和箭扣长城等。
Read 2d and answer the following questions.
1. How long is the Ming Great Wall
2.Which is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall
3. Why did the ancient emperors build the wall
4. What does the guide say about the wall
If we’re only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty,
it’s about 8,850 kilometers long.
Badaling part of the wall.
The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
It's quite tall and wide.
It's the longest wall in the world.
The ancient emperors built it to protect their parts of the country.
There are no man-made objects as big as this.
Badaling is the most famous part of the Ming Great Wall.
= It is the biggest man-made object.
=It’s bigger than any other man-made object.
Guide: Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour.
Tourist 1: How long is the wall
Guide: Ah, the most popular question! If we're only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty, it's about 8, 850 kilometers long. This makes it the longest wall in the world.
Tourist 2: Wow, that's amazing! Why did the ancient emperors build the wall
（可以）随便（做某事）,其后接动词不定式。
n. & v. 旅行；旅游
n. 墙
adj. 令人大为惊奇的；
令人惊喜（惊叹）的
adj. 古代的；古老的
n. 旅行者；观光者
Role play the conversation.
2d
Guide: The main reason was to protect their part of the country. As you can see, it's quite tall and wide. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.
Tourist 3: Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall
Guide: Yes, it's the most famous part.
v. 保护；防护
adj. 宽的；宽阔的
就我所知
adj. 人造的
不定式短语作表语
Language points
1. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. (教材 P50 2d)
tour n. & v. 旅行；旅游
Point
tour在此处作可数名词，还可以作动词用。
They went on a tour around Europe last year. ( n.)
We toured Italy for our holiday last year. ( v.)
【拓展延伸】
tour (v.) + 后缀 -ist → tourist (n.) 旅行者；观光者
The tourists (n.) toured (v.) Hong Kong for holidays. They all enjoyed their tour (n.).
Language points
2. Wow, that’s amazing. (教材 P50 2d)
amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的；令人惊喜（惊叹）的
Point
amazing一般用于修饰事物，amazed（感到惊奇的）常用于修饰人。 be amazed at 意为“对……感到惊讶”。
The amazing magic show made me feel so amazed.
I’m amazed at his rapid progress.
经典例句
【拓展延伸】类似的以 -ing（令人……），-ed（感到……）结尾的形容词：
interesting/interested, surprising/surprised, relaxing/relaxed, moving/moved, tiring/tired, boring/bored, exciting/exited, …
Language points
3. The main reason was to protect their part of the country.(教材 P50 2d)
protect v. 保护；防护
Point
protect此处用作及物动词, protect… against/from…“保护……免于……”。protection作不可数名词，意为“保护；防卫”。
Are we doing enough to protect the environment
He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes against/from the strong sunlight.
It’s parents’ duty to provide protection for their children.
Let's feel free ______ about the Great Wall. If we are only
talking about the parts from ______ ________, it is about
8,850 ______________. This makes it ______________ in
the world. The ancient emperors built it _________ their
part of country. ___ we can see, It's quite ____ and ____.
There are no other man-made _______ as ____as it. And
Badaling is _______________ part of the Great Wall.
to talk
kilometers long
the longest wall
to protect
tall
wide
objects
big
the most famous
As
Ming Dynasty
Fill in the blanks according to the conversation.
Consolidation
Guide: Feel free to ....
Tourist 1: How long ...
Guide: Ah, the ...! If ....
This ...
Tourist 2: Wow,...! Why ...
Guide:The main reason was ... As .... As far ....
Tourist 3: Is ...
Guide : Yes, ...
Role-play the conversation.
Role play
根据课本内容,完成下列句子。
1. 世界上哪座山最高？
What’s the _______ mountain in the world
2. 珠穆朗玛峰最高。
Qomolangma.
3. 珠穆朗玛峰多高？
____________ is Qomolangma
4. 它高8,844.43米。它比任何一座山都高。
It’s 8,844.43 meters _____. It’s _______ than ____________mountain.
highest
How high
high
higher
any other
Practice
5. 世界上哪一个咸水湖最深？
Which is the _________ salt lake in the world
6. 在所有的咸水湖中里海最深
The Caspian Sea is the ________ ______ _______the salt lakes.
7. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗
Did you know that China is one of the________ _________ in the world.
8. 是的。它比美国历史悠久的多。
Yes, I did. It’s _______ ________ than the US.
deepest
deepest
of
all
oldest
countries
much
older
大数字的表达和读法
大于1000的基数词的表达法：
①从数字的右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗点；
②第一个逗点前的数为thousand（千），
第二个逗点前的数为million（百万），
第三个逗点前的数为billion（十亿）。
③读的时候通常在hundred后加and，如果百位数为0，则在thousand后加and。
2674
2, 674
thousand
and
two thousand six hundred and seventy-four
hundred
1. 从数字右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗点；
2. 第一个逗点前的数为thousand（千）；
3. 读的时候通常在hundred后加and。
18357089
18,357,089
million
and
eighteen million, three hundred and fifty-seven thousand, and eighty-nine
thousand
1. 从数字右端向左数，每三位数加一个逗点；
2. 第一个逗点前的数为thousand（千）；第二个逗点前的数为million（百万）；
3. 读的时候通常在hundred后加and，如果百位数为0，则在thousand后加and。
32, 304, 410
3, 121, 078, 506
401, 450, 048
302.54
1, 078.306
_________ million _____________________ thousand _______________________.
thirty-two
three hundred and four
four hundred and ten
_______ billion ________________________ million _________________ thousand __________________.
three
one hundred and twenty-one
and seventy-eight
five hundred and six
___________________ million ___________________ thousand ______________.
four hundred and one
four hundred and fifty
and forty-eight
____________________ point __________.
three hundred and two
five four
_____thousand _______________ point _____________.
one
and seventy-eight
three zero six
2, 002
_____ thousand and ______.
two
two
Lead in
Practice
说明人或事物的特征、性质、状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词
放在名词、代词之前，作定语，起修饰限定作用
放在系动词之后，做表语
作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与make、stay、keep等动词连用。
The beautiful girl is my sister.
We are healthy.
you must keep your eyes closed.
形容词
表示行为特征或性状特征的词。主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。在句子中做状语
放在动词后修饰V，做状语
放在形容词前修饰形容词
放在句子开头，修饰整个句子，作状语
副词
He came in quickly.
He is very cool.
Unluckly, I did't have time to go to Disneyland .
构成 例词
1、与adj同形 low fast late much deep little hard long
2、adj后直接加ly sad-sadly; polite-politely
3、辅音字母+y，变y为i加ly happy-happily; angry-angrily; busy-buily
4、辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y simple-simply; terrible-terribly
5、少数e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加ly true-truly; due-duly
形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较, 表示“较…...”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。
语法概述
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
一、比较级和最高级的构成
1. 规则变化
单音节和部分双音节词 多音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾直接加 er或-est 以e结尾的，加-r或 -st 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-er或-est 重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 -er或-est 在单词前加 more构成比较级，加most构成最高级
long→longer→longest nice→nicer→nicest heavy→heavier→heaviest big→bigger→biggest beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/badly worse worst
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
“比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”=“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示“比其他任何……都……”, 表示最高级含义， 可与表示最高级的句子进行转换。
My father is the tallest one in my family.
=My father is taller than any other member in my family.
=My father is taller than the other members in my family.
可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有：
much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等。
二、比较级的用法
1.（the + ）最高级 + in/of 短语
该结构意为“……中最……的”。
I think spring is the best time of a year.
Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3.
2. one of the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 + in/of 短语
该结构意为“……中最……的……之一”。
Hangzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
of与in都有“在......当中”的意思。但它们有严格的区别。用of的时候,主语同of后面的词是指同一类的人或物。而用in的时候,主语同in后面的词是指不同类的人或物。
二、最高级的用法
3. the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 可数名词单数 + in/of 短语
该结构意为“……在……中是第几……的……”（从第二开始）。
China is the third largest country in the world.
4. Which/Who … + 最高级, A, B or C
该结构意为“A，B，C中，哪个/谁最……？”。
Which is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou
【特别提醒】(1)最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不加the。
The Yangtze River is China’s longest river.
(2)当most表示“非常”时，其前不加the。
It is a most useful book.
1. The Amazon River is one of the _________ rivers in the world. It’s a little ________ than the Yangtze River.
2. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _______. It’s one of the most __________ places for serious mountain climbers.
3. No ocean in the world is as ________ as the Pacific Ocean.
4. Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is ________ smaller.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
4a
big
much
popular
long
old
high
longest
longer
high
popular
big
older
much
太平洋
n. 大海，海洋
Make comparisons according to the table.
the Nile River the Amazon River the Yangtze River the Yellow River
6,671 km 6,480 km 6,300 km 5,464 km
The Nile River is the longest river in the world.
No river in the world is as long as the Nile River.
The Amazon River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
The Amazon River is a little longer than the Yangtze River.
The Nile River is much longer than the Yellow River.
Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
4b
e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon River
The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze is the longest river in China.
Two cities: ________________ and _______________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Two animals: ________________ and _______________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Singapore
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur is as modern as Singapore.
Singapore is bigger than Kuala Lumpur and has a larger population than Kuala Lumper.
Rabbit
Snail
A rabbit is bigger than a snail.
A snail is a lot smaller than a rabbit, and it runs much slower than a rabbit.
Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions.
4c
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________
What is the highest building in our city
What is the busiest subway station in our city
What is the largest shopping mall in our city
Which is the biggest park in our city
Which is the longest road in our city
形容词和副词的最高级
构成
规则变化
不规则变化
加后缀 -est
前面加 most
用法
(the+)最高级+in/of短语
one of the+最高级+可数名词复+in/of短语
the+序数词+最高级+可数名词单+in/of短语
Which/Who…+最高级, A, B or C
【特别提醒】最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不加the。
当most表示“非常”时，其前不加the。
Summary
形容词和副词的比较级
构成
规则变化
不规则变化
加后缀 -er
前面加 more
比较级表示最高级
比较级+than any other+可数名词单数
比较级+than the other+可数名词复数
可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有： much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等。
形容词和副词的原级
as+形容词/副词原级+as 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面一样。
Summary
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
