(共31张PPT)
UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
单元语法精析
知识概览
Grammar——动词-ing形式作定语和表语
探究发现
①I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting.
②During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
③Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.
④Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
[我的发现]
(1)动词-ing形式作定语的句子为_________。
(2)动词-ing形式作表语的句子为_____。
②③④
①
要点突破
动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成，它同时具有名词和动词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、状语等。
构成 v. ＋-ing，如do—doing, be—being, ask—asking, etc.
否定式 not(never)＋v. -ing，如not knowing…
完成式 having done
被动式 being done, having been done
Anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach. (动词-ing形式作定语)
任何想竞走的人或许首先应该和教练商量一下。
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. (动词-ing形式作主语)
把英语当做第二语言来学是一个很痛苦的经历。
The researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard. (动词-ing形式作状语)
研究人员让100名志愿者用智能键盘敲击单词“touch”四次。
一、动词-ing形式作定语
1．动词-ing形式作定语表属性、作用或用途
表示名词的属性、作用或用途，作“供……用”讲，相当于介词for短语，常置于被修饰的名词前。
The answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area(＝the area for camping) is good.
如果你露营地的空气质量很好，答案是一个大大的YES。
They share a front door and a washing machine.
他们共同使用一个前门和一台洗衣机。
2．动词-ing形式(短语)作定语表示动作或状态
动词-ing形式(短语)作定语表示所修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与动词-ing形式(短语)之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。单个的动词-ing形式作定语时，放在被修饰词前；动词-ing形式短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词后。
Race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour.
以每小时六英里的速度移动的竞走者每小时燃烧大约800卡路里。
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件) for this program.
如果你是生活在本省某些地方的青少年，你就可能符合这个项目的条件。
being done表示正在进行的被动语态，作定语时，常用于被修饰词之后。
Hi, Mom being shown these days is really a good movie.
这几天正在被放映的电影《你好，李焕英》确实是部好电影。
3．作定语的动词-ing形式，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring，surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing, annoying等，这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.
对于航天员来说，细菌是一个令人恼火的问题。
动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式作定语的区别
动词-ing形式表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。
The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作正在进行)
会上正在讨论的问题非常重要。
The problem discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作已经完成)
会上讨论过的问题非常重要。
The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important. (表示动作将要发生)
会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
1
单句语法填空
①At midnight Spain began stopping cars ___________ (cross) its borders from France and Portugal.
②The topic _________________ (discuss) now has drawn some experts’ attention.
③The boys ____________ (gather) at the school gate are my classmates.
④There is a ___________ (swim) pool in our school.
crossing
being discussed
gathering
swimming
一句多译
⑤正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
→The man _______________________ is our monitor’s father.
→The man who _________________________ is our monitor’s father.
speaking to the teacher
is speaking to the teacher
二、动词-ing形式作表语
动词-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，两者都可作表语，但有所区别。
1．动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (＝Her staying too late every night is what worries me most. )
最使我担心的是她每天熬夜到很晚。
My favourite sport is swimming. (＝Swimming is my favourite sport. )
我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2．现在分词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，主语和表语的位置不可互换。
The news is so exciting that we were excited at the news.
这消息太令人兴奋了，我们听到这个消息都很振奋。
动名词(短语)与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别
动名词(短语)作表语表示抽象的、一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。
I have a good friend whose hobby is painting.
我有一个好友，他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作)
Today what he wants to do is to paint.
今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作)
2 2
单句语法填空
①My hobby is _____________ (collect) stamps.
②What you said is really ____________ (inspire)．
③What I am tired of is __________ (wait) here alone.
④One of his shortcomings is __________ (tell) lies.
collecting
inspiring
waiting
telling
试判断下列句中动词-ing形式的类型
A．动名词 B．现在分词
⑤This report is dull reading. _____
⑥The music is much pleasing to the ear. _____
⑦Her job was keeping the hall as clean as possible. _____
A
B
B
语法专练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．She told her boy not to stamp on the floor so as not to disturb the ___________ (sleep) baby.
2．The manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ____________ (hold) then.
3．I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ________ (lie) on the ground on the way back home.
sleeping
being held
lying
4．The news that they announced was so _____________ (surprise) that many couldn’t believe it.
5．Your task is __________ (keep) the windows as clean as you can.
6．When we returned to the dormitory, we found a stranger __________ (stand) there.
7．What he said at the meeting yesterday was very ________________ (disappoint)．
surprising
keeping
standing
disappointing
8．What will you do if the people __________ (sit) at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech
9．Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path __________ (lead) up to the house.
10．The students today need to adapt to the rapidly ___________ (change) world.
sitting
leading
changing
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．The progress that you have made ______________.
你取得的进步鼓舞人心。
2．The stadium ________________ will be the largest in our city.
现在正在建设的体育馆将是我们市最大的体育馆。
3．The furniture in a large shopping center comes in a variety of colors， __________________________.
大型购物中心里的家具有各种颜色，从黑色到白色。
is inspiring
being built now
ranging from black to white
4．The boys ___________________________ are my classmates.
聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。
5．The boy _________________________ is our monitor.
在教室里学习的男孩是我们的班长。
6．Who is the boy ________________ ？(stand)
站在那儿的男孩是谁？
7．He was an __________________.(inspire)
他是一个鼓舞人心的领导。
gathering at the school gate
studying in the classroom
standing there
inspiring leader
8．His brother, ____________________ ，lives in Beijing. (work as)
他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
9．That question _________________ was presented by the headmaster.
正在被讨论的那个问题是校长提出来的。
10．Mr. Smith has two sons ____________________________.
史密斯先生有两个儿子，在同一个公司上班。
working as a teacher
being discussed
who work in the same company
Ⅲ．语法主题应用
用动词-ing形式作定语和表语的句子简要介绍你母亲的工作。
1．妈妈的工作是在超市里卖水果。(动词-ing形式作表语)
2．这些水果种类繁多，从常见的苹果、梨到进口的水果。(动词-ing形式作定语)
3．妈妈经常给我们带来一些卖得好的水果让我们品尝。(动词-ing形式作定语)
4．虽然一些人认为我母亲的工作是无聊的，但我认为她的工作是有意义的。(动词-ing形式作表语)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
My mother’s job is selling fruit in a supermarket. There are all kinds of fruits, ranging from common apples and pears to imported fruit. She often brings us some fruit selling well to let us taste it. Though some people think my mother’s job is boring, I think it is meaningful.UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．She received an e-mail the other day __saying__(say) her uncle was coming to visit her.
2．The real problem is __getting__(get) to know the needs of the customers.
3．She asked the primary school to accept her six-year-old son who has a __hearing__(hear) disability.
4．The situation both at home and abroad is very __inspiring__(inspire)．
5．The book is __interesting__(interest) and I’m interested in it.
6．No one is allowed to speak aloud in the __reading__(read) room.
7．Poems which had seemed dull and __boring__(bore) suddenly came to life.
8．She looked small and gentle and altogether __charming__(charm)．
9．The boy __playing__(play) football on the playground is my younger brother.
10．A young man __writing__(write) novels came to speak to us yesterday.
Ⅱ．句型转换
1．Watch the men who are coming this way.
→Watch the men__coming this way__．
2．The dog that drank the polluted water yesterday is dead.
→The dog __drinking the polluted water yesterday__is dead.
3．The baby who is crying makes me annoyed.
→__The crying baby__makes me annoyed.
4．Anyone who wishes to leave early may do so.
→Anyone __wishing to leave early__may do so.
5．The result made us disappointed.
→The result __was disappointing__to us.
6．The sun that is rising looks beautiful.
→__The rising sun__looks beautiful.
7．The boy who stood near the window was good at playing football.
→The boy __standing near the window__was good at playing football.
8．The question that is embarrassing is hard to answer.
→__The embarrassing question__is hard to answer.
9．Designing machines is my job.
→My job is__designing machines__．
10．Arriving at the factory half an hour early is his habit.
→His habit is__arriving at the factory half an hour early__．
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A Thai town’s popular “monkey festival” returned Sunday after a two-year break caused by the pandemic.
The fun event took place in Lopburi in central Thailand. There，thousands of monkeys ate lots of fruits and vegetables. The animals could be seen climbing on people and colorful fruit formations made of pineapples，bananas and even costly durians(榴莲)．
“Today’s special is the durian，which is expensive. Lopburi monkeys like expensive things，” said Yongyuth Kitwatananusont. She has organised over 30 monkey festivals.
The huge fresh meal cost over $3，000. It is a yearly tradition for locals in Lopburi to thank the monkeys for doing their part in bringing tourists to the area，which is sometimes known as “Monkey Province”．The event takes place on the last Sunday in November.
The theme for this year’s festival was wheelchair monkeys. Yongyuth，the event organiser，planned to give 100 wheelchairs to people who have difficulty in walking.
Tourists have been slowly returning to Thailand after the government started a quarantine-free(免隔离) travel plan for vaccinated(已接种疫苗的) visitors in November. The country saw more than 100，000 travelers in November. That is as many as the number of arrivals in the first 10 months of 2021.
The festival proved to be a popular event this year. Tourists were seen playing with monkeys with their cameras. “I’m really happy to get to see this and now I’ m thinking about going to the next festival，”said Ayoub Boukhari，a visitor from Morocco. “It’s quite unexpected and the monkeys are quite lovely. ”
The return of the tradition also pleased locals. “It’s the first time in two years that monkeys have got a chance to eat all kinds of fruits and vegetables，” said Lopburi local Thanida Phudjeeb. “I’m happy for them. ”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。泰国一个小镇受欢迎的“猴子节”在因疫情中断两年之后于周日恢复。这个有趣的活动在泰国中部的华富里举行。在那里，成千上万的猴子吃大量的水果和蔬菜。人们可以看到这些动物爬在人身上和各种各样的水果堆上。
1．What did the monkeys do on this year’s festival？__B__
A．They went anywhere they want.
B．They were offered a special treat.
C．They handed out fruits to tourists.
D．They were dressed up to amuse visitors.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“There，thousands of monkeys ate lots of fruits and vegetables. The animals could be seen climbing on people and colorful fruit formations made of pineapples，bananas and even costly durians. ”(在那里，成千上万的猴子吃了很多水果和蔬菜。人们可以看到这些动物爬到人身上和用菠萝、香蕉甚至昂贵的榴莲做成的五颜六色的水果堆上。)可知，在今年的节日上，猴子们得到了特殊的款待。故选B。
2．What is the purpose of this year’s monkey festival？__C__
A．To protect wild monkeys.
B．To attract more foreign tourists.
C．To bring benefits to some people.
D．To introduce local cultural traditions.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“The theme for this year’s festival was wheelchair monkeys. Yongyuth，the event organiser，planned to give 100 wheelchairs to people who have difficulty in walking. ”(今年的主题是轮椅猴。活动组织者Yongyuth计划为行走困难的人提供100台轮椅。)可知，今年活动的目的是为了给行动不便的人带来好处。故选C。
3．What can we know about the festival from paragraph 7？__A__
A．Positive reaction from tourists.
B．Requirements visitors need to meet.
C．A big increase in the number of tourists.
D．Locals’ passion for the festival.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第七段关键句“The festival proved to be a popular event this year. Tourists were seen playing with monkeys with their cameras. ”(事实证明，今年的节日很受欢迎。游客们用相机和猴子玩耍。)及下文游客的发言可知，本段主要叙述了游客对于该活动的积极反应。故选A。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text？__D__
A．Monkeys Make Local Tourism a Success
B．Tourists Visit Thailand to Watch Monkeys
C．Animals Live Peacefully with Humans Here
D．Monkey Festival Returns to Town in Thailand
解析：标题判断题。根据第一段关键句“A Thai town’s popular ’monkey festival’ returned Sunday after a two-year break caused by the pandemic. ”(泰国一个小镇流行的 “猴子节”在因疫情中断两年之后于周日恢复。)并结合全文内容可知，文章谈论的话题是：泰国一个小镇受欢迎的“猴子节”在因疫情中断两年之后于周日恢复。Monkey Festival Returns to Town in Thailand(泰国猴子节回归)适合作为本文最佳标题。故选D。
Ⅱ．完形填空
Standing in front of the bike shop，Dave stared at the shiny red bicycle in the window. He could __1. A__ himself riding the bike in Saturday’s race and winning the first-place medal and prize money. “With that bike，I could even beat Adam，” Dave thought.
He rode on and stopped at Peck’s clothing store. The coat he planned to buy his mother for her birthday was still on sale. Dave knew she would __2. D__ buy it for herself. She worked hard just to make __3. B__ meet. But the prize money would be enough for him to buy that coat and surprise her.
Dave looked at his old bike. Two years ago，he found some old bicycles at the __4. A__ and used the parts to make one bike. He called it his recycled bike. “I’ll never
__5. C__ the race on this old bike，” Dave sighed.
As Dave passed the junkyard，he noticed a newer-looking bike tire. He started __6. B__ the huge junk pile. Finally，he found what he was looking for. “These two tires and the handgrips (手把) are just __7. C__ for my bike. ”
Arriving home，Dave put the used tires and the handgrips on his __8. D__ bike，and oiled the chained. He stood back and admired the __9. D__ he had made. “I might win that race after all，” he said to himself.
The next morning，when Dave and his mom got to the park，about thirty kids had already __10. C__．Dave headed for the start line __11. A__ Mom found a seat at the finish line.
Bang! The riders rushed off. Dave __12. B__ Adam，who was in the lead. He __13. D__ to pass one rider after another and was approaching Adam. Leaning forward，Dave pedaled harder and faster. __14. A__ he sped by Adam and crossed the finish line.
As the announcer awarded Dave the medal and the check for fifty dollars，he asked，“What are you going to do with the prize money，Dave？”
“It’s a __15. C__，” Dave said and waved to his mom.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Dave用回收利用的旧自行车赢得自行车比赛，为妈妈购买生日礼物的故事。
1．A．picture B．spot
C．keep D．prefer
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他可以想象自己在周六的比赛中骑着自行车，赢得第一名的奖牌和奖金。A．picture想象，描绘；B．spot看见，发现；C．keep保持；D．prefer更喜欢。根据前文“Standing in front of the bike shop，Dave stared at the shiny red bicycle in the window. ”和后文“in Saturday’s race and winning the first-place medal and prize money”及“Dave thought”等内容可知，这是Dave的想象。故选A。
2．A．desperately B．definitely
C．seldom D．never
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dave知道她永远不会买给自己。A．desperately绝望地；B．definitely肯定地；C．seldom很少；D．never从不。根据后文“She worked hard just to make __3__ meet. But the prize money would be enough for him to buy that coat and surprise her. ”可知，Dave知道妈妈从不舍得为自己买衣服，所以他给妈妈买。故选D。
3．A．criteria B．ends
C．budgets D．expenses
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她努力工作只能勉强维持生计。A．criteria标准；B．ends末端；C．budgets 预算；D．expenses费用。根据后文“But the prize money would be enough for him to buy that coat and surprise her. ”以及“Two years ago，he found some old bicycles at the __4__ and used the parts to make one bike. He called it his recycled bike. ”等内容可以推知，Dave家里不富裕，自己用旧自行车零件组装自行车，说明妈妈的工作只能勉强维持生计。make ends meet意为“勉强维持生计”。故选B。
4．A．junkyard B．port
C．school D．court
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年前，他在垃圾场发现了一些旧自行车，并用这些零件做了一辆自行车。A．junkyard垃圾场；B．port港口；C．school学校；D．court球场。根据前文“some old bicycles”及后文“As Dave passed the junkyard”可知，那是个垃圾场。故选A。
5．A．enter B．lose
C．win D．abandon
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“用这辆旧自行车我永远也赢不了比赛，” Dave叹了口气。A．enter进入；B．lose丢失，输掉；C．win赢，赢得；D．abandon放弃。根据常识、语境及后文“on this old bike”可知，Dave认为用这辆旧自行车不会赢得比赛。故选C。
6．A．throwing away B．going through
C．carrying out D．bringing back
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他开始翻看巨大的垃圾堆。A．throwing away扔掉；B．going through翻找；C．carrying out执行；D．bringing back带回。根据后文“Finally，he found what he was looking for. ”可知，他从垃圾堆里翻找他需要的零件。故选B。
7．A．advanced B． B．unique
C．right D．fancy
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个轮胎和把手正适合我的自行车。A．advanced先进的；B．unique 独特的；C．right正确的，适当的；D．fancy花哨的，精致的。根据语境及后文“Arriving home，Dave put the used tires and the handgrips on his __8__ bike”可知，Dave认为这些零件适合他的自行车。故选C。
8．A．hired B．used
C．purchased D．recycled
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家，Dave把用过的轮胎和把手放在他的回收的自行车上，并给链条上了油。A．hired雇佣；B．used使用；C．purchased购买；D．recycled回收利用。根据前文“He called it his recycled bike. ”可知，这是他那辆回收的自行车。故选D。
9．A．contributions B．discoveries
C．profits D．changes
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他退后一步，对自己所做的改变表示赞赏。A．contributions贡献；B．discoveries 发现；C．profits利润；D．changes变化。根据前文“Dave put the used tires and the handgrips on his __8__ bike，and oiled the chained. ”可知，Dave对自行车进行了修改。故选D。
10．A．rode B．separated
C．gathered D．recovered
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，当Dave和他妈妈到达公园时，已经有大约30个孩子聚集在一起了。A．rode骑；B．separated分离；C．gathered聚集；D．recovered康复。根据前文“He could __1__ himself riding the bike in Saturday’s race”可知，孩子们要进行自行车比赛，所以聚集在一起。故选C。
11．A．while B．but
C．so D．or
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：Dave朝起跑线走去，这时妈妈则在终点线找到了座位。A．while然而；B．but但是；C．so因此；D．or否则，或者。根据语境可知，Dave朝起跑线走去，然而妈妈找到自己观看比赛的座位，前后文是对比关系。故选A。
12．A．held back B．concentrated on
C．gave in to D．broke away from
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Dave把注意力集中在Adam身上，他领先了。A．held back退宿；B．concentrated on集中精力于；C．gave in to屈服于；D．broke away from脱离。根据常识和后文“Adam，who was in the lead”可知，Dave把注意力集中在竞争对手上。故选B。
13．A．succeeded B．arranged
C．offered D．managed
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他设法超过一个又一个骑手，接近Adam。A．succeeded成功；B．arranged 安排；C．offered提供；D．managed设法做到。根据后文“to pass one rider after another and was approaching Adam”以及“he sped by Adam and crossed the finish line”可知，他设法完成了超越骑手和接近竞争对手。故选D。
14．A．Eventually B．Causally
C．Roughly D．Naturally
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他从Adam身边疾驰而过，冲过了终点线。A．Eventually最终；B．Causally有原因地；C．Roughly粗略地；D．Naturally自然地。根据语境和后文“he sped by Adam and crossed the finish line”可知，这是最终结果。故选A。
15．A．reward B．credit
C．surprise D．promise
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是个惊喜，” Dave边说边向妈妈挥手。A．reward奖励；B．credit信用；C．surprise惊喜；D．promise承诺。根据语境和前文“But the prize money would be enough for him to buy that coat and surprise her. ”可知，Dave要给妈妈买礼物，他认为这对妈妈来说会是个惊喜。故选C。
Ⅲ．语法填空
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new competition has been added to the calendar of world sports events—the Balloon World Cup. We are all familiar __1. with__ the “sport” of keeping balloon up. Most of us have joined in the decades—old pastime of
__2. keeping__(keep) a balloon up in the air without letting it touch the floor. Spanish soccer star Gerard Pique loved this so much __3. that__ he developed it into an international event. The first Balloon World Cup __4. was held__(hold) in Spain on Thursday. Peru’s Francesco de la Cruz was the very first man __5. to win__(win) world champion. He defeated Germany’s Jan Spiess in the final with a 6-2 victory.
Mr. Pique got his __6. inspiration__(inspire) for the tournament from Tik Tok videos that went popular. He loved watching clips of the game __7. played__(play) by an American family during the COVID-19 lockdown. It then developed from the family’s living room into a “Keep-Up Balloon League”．Pique then made the game global. The contests took place on an 8m×8m court, __8. which__ contained living room furniture as __9. obstacles__(obstacle)．Teams from 32 countries participated. Pique said，“It’s something __10. totally__(total) different. Sometimes you have to get out of your comfort zone and try new things. ” There are hopes that it could become an Olympic event.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍气球世界杯，介绍了这项赛事的一些背景知识。
解析：
1．考查介词。句意：我们都熟悉热气球运动。结合句意表示“对……熟悉”短语为be familiar with。故填with。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们大多数人都加入了几十年来的一项娱乐活动，即让气球在空中飞行而不让它触地。介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填keeping。
3．考查状语从句。句意：西班牙足球明星杰拉德·皮克非常喜欢这项运动，并将其发展成为一项国际赛事。引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以致于……”句型为so… that… 。故填that。
4．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：首届气球世界杯于周四在西班牙举行。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Balloon World Cup，谓语用单数。故填was held。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：秘鲁的弗朗西斯科·德拉·克鲁兹是第一个赢得世界冠军的人。名词前有序数词修饰时，要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to win。
6．考查名词。句意：皮克先生从流行的Tik Tok视频中获得了比赛的灵感。作宾语，表示“灵感”应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他喜欢看COVID-19封锁期间一个美国家庭玩的比赛视频。分析句子结构可知play在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the game构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填played。
8．考查定语从句。句意：比赛在一个8×8米的场地进行，场地内有客厅家具作为障碍。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词court，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用which引导。故填which。
9．考查名词的数。句意：比赛在一个8×8米的场地进行，场地内有客厅家具作为障碍。obstacle可数名词，前文没有冠词，故用复数形式。故填obstacles。
10．考查副词。句意：这是完全不同的。修饰形容词different，应用副词totally。故填totally。
