外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 2 Making a difference A卷 基础夯实（含答案）

Unit 2 A卷 基础夯实
一、阅读理解
1. Born in a fishing village in Japan, Fujiyama, 25, recalls a childhood controlled by health concerns. Debtors told his parents that he had a hole in his heart and "they didn't think I had a lot longer to live". But during a later visit to the doctor, his family learned the hole had closed. "Somehow I was cured and I became a normal kid," Fujiyama says. "And I had a second chance."
During his second year at the University of Mary Washington, he volunteered in Honduras with a campus group and was struck by the extreme poverty he saw—barefoot children collecting cans and sleeping in the streets. Fujiyama realised he could help give other children their own second chance.
Today, his organisation, Students Helping Honduras, brings education and community projects to children and families in need.
He started by telling his friends about his experience and collecting spare change at his two campus jobs. "When I had my very first meeting, only two people showed up," he says. "I knew I had to keep fighting." He persuaded his younger sister, Cosmo, to join the cause. "She's dynamite," he says. "When she talks in front of a crowd, she can move mountains. Knowing that she was behind it, I knew I could do anything." Since 2006, the siblings' organisation has grown to 25 campuses and raised more than $ 750,000 to fund projects, including the construction of two schools and the establishment of scholarships to help young women attend college.
Fujiyama says students are deeply committed to the organisation. They raise money and then travel to Honduras to help building houses. While Fujiyama spends his summers in Honduras working alongside volunteers, he spends a large portion of the year on the road visiting colleges to raise funds. Cosmo Fujiyama, 23, lives in Honduras full time to coordinate(协调) the group's building efforts on the ground.
Students Helping Honduras is working with community members of Siete de Abril to build a new village. Many of the families lost their belongings in Hurricane Mitch in 1998. A lot of them didn't have access to clean water or health care, and they didn't have a school. Fujiyama's group helped build 44 homes in the village named "Sunshine Village". The organisation is also raising funds to build a water tower, an eco-friendly sanitation system and a library.
1.At the beginning of his organisation, ________.
A.Fujiyama was supported by many friends B.Fujiyama had little idea of Honduras
C.things didn't go on smoothly D.many famous people joined in
2.We can infer that Fujiyama is a __________ man.
A.diligent B.mean C.cheerful D.sympathetic
3.The underlined word "siblings" can be replaced by ________.
A.brother and sister's B.brothers' C.friends' D.couple's
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A.Help the People in Need
B.Students Lend a Hand in America
C.Fujiyama Helps Build "Sunshine Village"
D.Fujiyama Gives Poor People in Honduras a Second Chance
2. During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status bora of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior."
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage," he said.
1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
3. What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
3. Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need. "
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. "People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took, " said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
"What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles," Bridges said. "There's a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
"After all,everyone has bad days and good days," he said. "Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand."
1.What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Money spent without hesitation. B.Money not legally made.
C.Money offered without conditions. D.Money not tied together.
2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride
A.Women tended to be more sociable. B.The activity attracted various people.
C.Economic problems were getting worse. D.Young couples needed financial assistance.
3.Why did Bridges carry out the project
A.To do a test on people's morals. B.To raise money for his company.
C.To earn himself a good reputation. D.To promote kindness and sympathy.
4. Mathilda, 15, is Turkana, a native people that has survived by raising cattle in a semiarid(半干旱) region. Mathilda's school, like most schools in the area, doesn't have access to clean water and sanitation facilities for its students. So instead of spending their whole school day learning, Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water—water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink. They do the same thing again in the afternoon, so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water.
Mathilda has to do the same thing outside of school hours to get the water her family needs at home, leaving her little time for studying. Because of rising temperatures, water has become harder and harder to find here, and people have to spend more and more time trying to find it.
This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder to realise people's rights to water, education and security. Unfortunately, most higher-income countries remained silent on the issue.
This shows that communities already facing marginalisation(边缘化), such as women and children, mostly suffer from climate change. This is especially the case for those in countries with limited resources and fragile ecosystems.
Meanwhile, women consist of the majority of the world's poor, and so are more dependent for their livelihood on natural resources that are threatened by climate change. And around the world, women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families.
This exposes them to danger and leaves them with less time to attend school, earn money, or simply to rest. But the fact is that the effects of climate change will be felt globally.
Despite the difficulties she is facing, trying to get an education, Mathilda says she hopes to serve her community in a leadership role when she grows up.
"All of the world's leaders need to work together to solve this problem that we are all facing," she said.
1. Mathilda has to spend _____ fetching water every school day.
A. two hours B. four hours
C. more than four hours D. almost a whole day
2. The first two paragraphs are intended to tell us _____.
A. the cause and effect of lack of water
B. one serious consequence of climate change
C. the difficulties in fetching water in the semiarid region
D. the hardship of life for the people in the semiarid region
3. We can conclude from the passage that _____.
A. climate change is everyone's business
B. water is becoming rare because of rising temperatures
C. fetching water takes up Mathilda's half of studying time
D. females are more responsible for fetching water for their families
4. The passage is mainly about the problem caused by _____.
A. rising temperatures B. fetching water
C. climate change D. water shortage
二.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Passing the Torch: A Firefighter Dad's Legacy(传承)
When Dekalb Walcott Ⅲ was just 8 years old, his father, a Chicago fire chief, let Walcott follow him on a call. Dekalb says a lot of kids looked up to the basketball player Michael Jordan when he was growing up in Chicago in the 1990s. Not him.
"I wanted to be like Dekalb Walcott Jr." he says of his father. ①__________ "I'm jumping up and down, saying, 'Mum, can I go Can I go '"
The experience changed Dekalb's life; he tells his dad on a visit to StoryCorps. "My eyes got big from the moment the alarm went off," the younger Dekalb says. "This is the life that I want to live someday."
②__________ He became a firefighter at 21 and went to work alongside his dad at the Chicago Fire Department. Before his father retired,the pair even went out on a call together— father supervising(监督) son.
"You know, it's everything for me to watch you grow, his father says. But he also recalls worrying bout one particular fire that his son faced.
"I received a phone call that night. And they said, 'Well, your son was at this fire.' I said, 'OK, which way is this conversation going to go '" Dekalb Walcott Jr. recalls.
"They said, 'But he's OK. ③__________ Everybody here was proud of him. And the word went around, 'Who was out there managing that fire Oh,that's Walcott! That's Walcott up there!' ④__________ "
Dekalb Walcott Jr. retired in 2009. ⑤__________ "You know, it makes me look forward to fatherhood as well, because I'm definitely looking forward to passing that torch down to my son."
A. The younger Dekalb says he's proud of being a second-generation firefighter.
B. He looked forward to living such a worthy life.
C. So when his dad asked if he wanted to go on that call with him when he was 8, Dekalb was excited.
D. And he put it out all by himself.
E. Now 27, the younger Dekalb is living that life.
F. So, you know,moments like that, it's heaven on Earth for a dad.
G. Dekalb Walcott III is proud that his son has become an excellent firefighter.
三.完形填空
A Chicago woman's act of kindness helped homeless people stay warm. Candice Payne 1 20 hotel rooms on her credit card with a group of strangers following her.
Payne booked the hotel rooms after 2 how life-threatening the sub-zero temperatures would be for the Chicagoans without 3 . She posted about it on social media and soon the 4 and offers to help bring food came flooding in. " 5 they didn't know how to or where to start to help, so I'm glad that I was able to be that 6 ," she said.
When temperatures 7 to 22 degrees below zero, a group of homeless people had to abandon their tents near a highway. Payne and other volunteers dug 8 into their pockets and paid for 60 rooms at a hotel on Chicago's South Side. And the volunteers built 9 friendships even though most of them just met.
When Jermaine and Robert got the offer for a(n) 10 bed, they were getting ready to sleep on the 11 . "We don't get that type of help," Jermaine said. "I really needed them at that 12 , so they came right in time." They hugged Payne and thanked her, touched by the 13 kindness.
This volunteer group has been able to 14 three nights at the hotel for about 80 people. They're hoping to continue working together to help 15 a more long-term solution.
1. A. bought B. took C. charged D. built
2. A. checking B. measuring C. reporting D. realizing
3. A. home B. choice C. dream D. job
4. A. suggestions B. instructions C. donations D. solutions
5. A. Instead B. Hardly C. Fortunately D. Maybe
6. A. provider B. connecter C. organizer D. manager
7. A. reached B. dropped C. rose D. fell
8. A. deep B. long C. anxiously D. hopefully
9. A. amazing B. surprising C. amusing D. lasting
10. A. free B. warm C. attractive D. expensive
11. A. road B. beach C. street D. mountain
12. A. point B. movement C. place D. hotel
13. A. unexpected B. unwritten C. undelivered D. unmeasured
14. A. pay B. receive C. cover D. enjoy
15. A. determine B. provide C. design D. accomplish
四.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Rosa Parks was an African American civil rights activist. She ①__________(respect) by the world and was called by the US Congress later "Mother of the Modern-Day Civil Rights Movement".
Rosa Parks is best known for the day she refused to give ②__________ her seat on a segregated bus, ③__________ (inspire) people to fight and sparking the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott(抵制). On December 1, 1955, Parks, whose behaviours made her ④__________ (fame) later, refused to obey bus driver James Blake's order ⑤__________ she give up her seat to make room for a white passenger. This action of civil rebellion started the Montgomery Bus Boycott, which is one of ⑥__________ (large) movements against racial segregation.
Rosa Parks lived in Detroit ⑦__________ she died from ⑧__________ (sick) at the age of ninety-two on October 24, 2005. Her casket(棺材) ⑨__________ (deliver) to Washington, DC, and taken aboard a bus similar to the one in which she made her protest, to lie in honour in the US Capitol Rotunda, ⑩__________ made her the first woman and second African American over to receive this honour.
五.写作
1.根据以下句子,用英语把它们连成一篇80词左右的短文
1.白芳礼,天津的一位平凡的老人,在生命的最后18年, 顶风冒雨奔波在街头蹬三轮车,把积攒的近35万元毫不犹豫全都捐给了多所学校,参与资助贫困学生的项目。他所做的一切对这些学生产生了巨大的影响。
2.他自己过着贫苦的生活。一年365天,他没有歇过一天。
3.白芳礼老人致力于帮助众多需要帮助的学生,不要任何回报。
4.当问老人对受他资助的孩子有什么要求时,老人的回答很简单、朴实:“我希望他们努力学习,好好工作,多为国家做贡献。”
5.2005年9月23日早晨,这位备受尊敬的老人静静地走了,享年93岁,可他永远活在成千上万人的心中。
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2.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On February 15, 1910, Irena Krzyzanowska was born in Warsaw, Poland. Irena studied Polish literature at Warsaw University, and eventually joined the Polish Socialist Party.
Then World War II broke out. It was 1940 and Germany had taken over. The Germans had begun shifting Warsaw's population of 380,000 Jews to a separate Ghetto(聚居区). Irena worked in the Warsaw health department and was allowed to enter the Ghetto.
Irena was a member of Zegota(援助犹太人委员会), a secret organization set up by the Polish government. The goal of Zegota was to rescue Polish Jews. Irena's job was to rescue as many children as she could.
Regardless of the danger it posed, Irena began aiding Jews in earnest(真挚地) in the early 1940s. She and her sympathetic co-workers created more than 3,000 false documents to help Jewish families, and that was just the beginning of the efforts.
Irena and her team began smuggling children out during these visits. They used various methods, such as hiding them in ambulances, leading them through sewer pipes or underground passages, even stuffing them into suitcases or boxes that they'd then take through the courtyard to the non-Jewish area.
Irena was helped by a network of over 30 volunteers, most of whom were women. Their hope was to get the children back to their families once the war was won. Irena and her helpers noted the names of the children on cigarette papers and sealed them in glass bottles. Then they buried the bottles in a friend's garden for safekeeping. When the war was done, the bottles were dug up and the lists handed to Jewish representatives. Sadly, reuniting the children with their parents proved mostly impossible, as almost all had been killed in concentration camps.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
The Polish Government honored Irena many awards. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
She insisted that she did nothing special. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-4.CDAD
解析：1.语篇解读:本文讲述的是一个日本青年Fujyama在上大学期间创建了一个志愿者组织"Students Helping Honduras",旨在帮助洪都拉斯贫困地区的人特别是孩子,并且取得了很可观的成就。
解析:细节推理题。根据第四段的信息"When I had my very first meeting, only two people showed up"及"I knew I had to keep fighting."可知Fujiyama集资帮助洪都拉斯贫苦孩子的过程是艰辛的。故C项正确。
2.解析:推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是Fujiyama在美国上大学期间到洪都拉斯做志愿者时,看到那里的孩子光着脚,晚上睡在大街上,于是决定成立一个组织来帮助他们,可见他是一个有同情心的人。故选D项。
3.解析:词义猜测题。根据文意可知, Fujiyama首先创立了"Students Helping Honduras",之后他的妹妹加入了这个组织,故本题A项正确。
4.解析:主旨大意题。根据短文的开头可知, Fujiyama自己因为身患心脏病,几乎丧命,但后来不知怎么地就痊愈了,这让他有了a second chance,当他在洪都拉斯看到那些贫穷的孩子时,就联想到自己,于是他也想这些孩子有a second chance,因此本文的标题应该是D项。
2.答案：1-4 CABA
解析：1.推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者在上小学的低年级时 是什么样的女孩？根据题干中的early years of elementary school可定位到第一段第一句中的During the rosy years of elementary school，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes(喜欢分享玩偶和笑话），因此可以推断作者是大方的，故选C项。A:不友善的;B:孤独的;D:酷的。
2.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:第二段的主要内容是什么？ 根据第二段第二句Mitch Prinstein，a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories： the likable and the status seekers.可知，本段对受欢迎的人进行分类，故选A项。B:青少年的特点;C:人际交往技巧的重要性;D:不光彩行为的原因。
3.细节理解题。本题题干意为:Prinstein博士的研究中针对最受喜欢的小孩的发现是什么？根据题干中的study和the most liked kids 可定位到第四段中的 It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us。healthy adjustment(调整，适应） 对应B项中的adaptable(能适应的），故答案为B项。A:他们显得有侵略性;C:他们喜欢最高的地位;D:他们学习成绩很好。
4.主旨大意题。本题题干意为:本文最好的标题是什么？文章将受欢迎的人分成两类——讨人喜欢的人和追逐高地位的人。根据对这两种人的介绍可以总结出整篇文章都是在引导读者做讨人喜欢的人，对人友善、学会分享、敞开心扉，因此答案为A项。B:地位越高越好;C:做到最好——你可以做到;D:自制力越强，侵略性越小。
3.答案：1-3.CBD
解析：语篇解读:本文通过一个街头活动呼吁人们要有善心、乐善好施。
1.解析:词义猜测题。根据下文的信息"Give What You Can"和"many others pinned their own cash to the board"可知, no strings attached指“无附加条件;不求回报”; without conditions意为“无条件”,故选C项。
2.解析:由前文"People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic(社会经济的) backgrounds"可知,很多人都参与到了这个项目中。因此后文新娘的事情是就此进行进一步的说明,故选B项。
3.解析:由文章最后Bridges的话"Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand."可知这个项目的主要目的是鼓励人们心存善意、伸出援手,故D项正确。
4.答案：1-4 CBAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段第一句可知选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder to realise people's rights to water, education and security.”可知，选B项。
3.推理判断題。本文重点讲的是“气候变化关乎全人类”这一主题，即A项。B选项中的rare不准确;C项是对第一段中“they often lose around half of their school day fetching water”的误解;D选项与第五段中的“women and girls are the most likely…”不符，故选A项。
4.推理判断题。从第三段可以知道，文章的中心是“气候变化”带来的问题，故C项正确。
二、
答案：CEDFA
解析： 本文是一篇故事类短文,讲述了一家两代对消防工作的热爱。当Dekalb Walcott Ⅲ 8岁的时候他父亲就带他去消防现场,当时他激动不已,希望自己以后也做一名消防员。现在27岁的他已经成为一名优秀的消防员。
①解析:下文的信息"I'm jumping up and down, saying, 'Mum, can I go Can I go '"表明听到这个消息时, Dekalb很激动,故选C项。
②解析:根据上一段的信息"This is the life that I want to live someday."和下文的信息"He became a firefighter at 21..."可以推断, Dekalb终于实现了自己的愿望,故E项合适。
③解析:根据下文的信息"Everybody here was proud of him."可知, Dekalb独自把火扑灭了,但是人没事,故选D项。
④解析:听到那些人很为自己的儿子独自把火扑灭了而感到自豪,作为父亲肯定也非常开心。选项中能够表达父亲心情的应该是F项“就像是在人间天堂”。
⑤解析:根据下文的信息“Dekalb也盼望成为父亲那样,这样就可以把火炬传递给自己的儿子”可知,本句应该选A项,表示他自己已经从父亲那儿接过了火炬。
三、
答案：1-5 CDACD 6-10 BBADB 11-15 CACCB
解析：1.坎迪斯·佩恩用她的信用卡预订了（charged) 20个宾馆房间，一伙陌生人跟她一起参与这次救人行动。charge sth. on one's credit card用某人的信用卡购买某物。根据第二段中的 booked the hotel rooms 可知，选 C。buy 买，take 拿， charge 支付，build 建设。
2.当意识到（realizing)零下的气温对芝加哥无家可归者的生命构成威胁后，佩恩预订了宾馆房间。故选D。check 检查，measure测量，report报告，realize意识到。
3.根据文章首句的homeless people可知，这些需要救助的贫穷的芝加哥人没有家（home)，故选A。
4.她把这个消息发到社交网站后，很快就收到了很多捐款（donations)和志愿者提供的食物。好心人纷纷响应，为芝加哥无家可归的人提供捐助，故选C。suggestion建议， instruction 指导，donation 捐赠，solution 方案。
5.也许（Maybe)他们不知道该怎么提供或者从哪里开始帮助，因此我很高兴能够成为一个联系人。这是佩恩猜测的原因，故选D。instead反而，hardly几乎不，fortunately幸运地，maybe也许。
6.佩恩是无家可归者与捐助者的联系人（connecter)，故选B。provider 提供者，connecter联系人，organizer组织者， manager 经理。
7.当气温降到（dropped)零下22℃，一伙无家可归者不得不放弃他们靠近公路的帐篷。气温继续下降，无家可归者面临的危险也越大了，故选B。reach抵达，drop降低，rise升高， fall跌倒。
8.佩恩与其他志愿者花大（deep)价钱在芝加哥南部预订了60个宾馆房间。dig deep into one's pockets 花很多钱， 60个宾馆房间要花很多钱，故选A。deep在深处，long长， anxiously焦急地，hopefully有希望地。
9.尽管这些志愿者大部分刚刚见面，但是他们建立了永恒的（lasting)友谊。amazing惊人的，surprising惊讶的， amusing好笑的，lasting长久的。
10.他们打算在大街上过夜的时候，志愿者们为他们提供了温暖的（warm)床铺。根据上下文可知，选B。free免费的， warm温暖的，attractive迷人的，expensive昂贵的。
11.这些人无家可归者已经做好了在大街上（street)过夜的打算，故选C。road道路，beach海滩，mountain山。
12.“那时候（point)我确实需要他们的帮助，他们来得正是时候。”Jermain说。at that point那时候，气温骤降，无处御寒的时候，故选A。movement运动，place地方，hotel宾馆。
13.他们与佩恩拥抱，对她表示感激，这出乎意料(unexpected)的善意感动了他们。佩恩和其他志愿者的帮助出乎他们（无家可归者）的意料，故选A。unexpected 出乎意料的，unwritten不成文的，undelivered没有运送的， unmeasured没有测量的。
14.这个志愿者组织已经能够为大约80人支付（cover)三个晚上的宾馆费用。cover支付，根据第二段的booked the hotel rooms 可知，选C。pay 偿还，receive 收到，cover 覆盖，支付，enjoy喜欢。
15.他们希望继续在一起工作，帮助提供（provide)长期的解决方案。故选B。determine决定，provide提供，design 设计，accomplish完成。
四、
答案：was respected; up ; inspiring; famous ; that ; the largest; until ; sickness ; was delivered; which
解析：语篇解读:罗莎·帕克斯是一位美国黑人民权行动主义者,美国国会后来称她为“现代民权运动之母”。
①解析:此处陈述过去发生的事情,逻辑上是动宾关系,用一般过去时。
②解析:固定短语give up在此处的意思是“让给”,指罗莎·帕克斯拒绝把座位让给白人。
③解析:此处是现在分词短语表示结果,且逻辑上是主动关系。
④解析:此处是形容词作宾语补足语。
⑤解析:同位语从句中,不缺成分,语意完整,用连接词that 引导。
⑥解析:分析语境可知,这里指公车抵制是反对种族隔离政策的最大的运动之一。
⑦解析:until “直到……才”。
⑧解析:此处指疾病,用名词sickness。
⑨解析:陈述过去的情况,逻辑上是动宾关系,故用was delivered。
⑩解析:此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是事物,关系代词用which。
五、
1.答案：
Bai Fangli, an ordinary old man in Tianjin, spent the last 18 years of his life cycling along the streets regardless of wind and rain, earning nearly 350,000 yuan, all of which was donated to fund a programme of helping the students in poverty without hesitation. However, he himself lived a poor life without a single day of rest all year round. What he had done made a great difference to the students. The old man devoted himself to helping the students in need, but never asked anything in return. When asked what he wanted to expect from the students he had assisted, he answered simply and honestly, "I'd like them to study hard, work well to make more contributions to our country."
The much respected old man passed away peacefully on Sept. 23, 2005, at the age of 93, but he remained living forever in the hearts of thousands of people.
2.答案：
The Polish Government honored Irena many awards. She was honored for rescuing "the most defenseless victims—the Jewish children". Many years later, she was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for her effort to prevent Jewish children from being killed. Then, only a few years ago, a group of elderly people, came to her and thanked her for her rescue. They were some of the thousands of children saved by Irena in the war. She said their happy life was the biggest prize to her.
She insisted that she did nothing special. "I was brought up to believe that a person must be rescued when drowning, regardless of religion and nationality." She said the term "hero" encouraged her greatly. It gave her inspiration and determination to help those in danger. She said, however, her fellow workers were true heroes. Some of them sacrificed their lives in the rescue work. They were the people that really deserve respect and memory of the world.
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