高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册单元测试AB卷 Unit 4 Amazing art A卷 基础夯实（含答案）
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| 名称 | 高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册单元测试AB卷 Unit 4 Amazing art A卷 基础夯实（含答案） |  | |
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Unit 4 A卷 基础夯实
一、阅读理解
1. Two students stand, looking uncertainly at what appears to be a pleasant seating area just ahead. There are two tables in the café: one is taken by a young woman reading a book but the other is empty. But no one else seems to be walking in, because the seating area is actually a life-size painting on the wall of the college building.
A life-size seating area—that's only a painting That's John Pugh's specialty: large-scale public art. He uses the "trick of the eye" style. His paintings are realistic and appear to be three-dimensional (三维的). The café scene includes not only the young woman but also a statue, a piece of art, and a small cat.
In another of his paintings, a great wave appears suddenly across the entire front of a building. The painting is huge, the wave looks like it's about to crash, and three children appear to stand directly in its path. Stopping their truck in the middle of traffic, a group of firefighters ran over to save the "children" shortly before the piece was completed. When getting close enough to realise it was only a painting, the men had a good laugh. No one seemed to mind being fooled by Pugh's paintings. Most people, like the firefighters, are just impressed by Pugh's skill.
Pugh believes that by creating public art, he can communicate with a larger audience than if his art works were in a gallery. Many of his pieces, including the cafe scene described above, use the existing architecture. One of his other pieces creates the illusion(错觉) that part of a building's wall has fallen down, showing an ancient Egyptian storeroom. Like the café scene, the Egyptian scene includes a human figure. In this case, however, the woman is not part of the scene. Instead, she appears to be a modern passer-by, looking into the storeroom.
Cities around the world have the works from Pugh. Pugh's ability to create an obvious mystery in daily life makes his works speak to so many people. After all, who doesn't appreciate being tricked once in a while
1.What are the two students doing
A.They are reading painting books. B.They are having coffee together.
C.They are appreciating a painting. D.They are looking for empty seats.
2.In Paragraph 3, the word "children" is in quotation marks(引号) because _________.·
A.the firefighters were shocked B.the children were in great danger
C.the children were actually some adults D.the frightening scene was just a picture
3.How many Pugh's paintings are mentioned in the text
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
2. Sugar art is a specialty with in the candy an pastry(酥皮点心) making field which involves using sugar to create complex shapes, scenes, and patterns. Displays of sugar art appear from wedding cakes to store windows, with sugar art being especially common during the winter season. Artisans(工匠) at the top of their field even attend sugar art competitions to pit their skills against those of others. Some people specialise in eatable sugar art, such as decorations for cakes. Others may use stabilisers which are unsafe to eat to make more long-lasting sculptures.
A wide variety of techniques can be used for sugar art, including blown and pulled sugar, and all of these techniques require skills. Sugar can be very hard to work with, and sometimes dangerous, in the case of sugar working techniques which involve heating sugar to high temperatures. It is impossible to master all these techniques without repeated attempts.
Pulled sugar may be used to create ribbons of sugar and similar decorative items, and people may also work with sugar which has been molded into various shapes. A skilled artisan can create a range of shapes in blown sugar, including animals and decorations. While some artisans work with plain sugar, most use colouring for everything from surprisingly realistic flowers to delicate blown sugar decorations on a holiday-themed cake.
Sugar art will start to weaken and melt if it is exposed to high moisture(湿度) or high temperature, especially in summer, and many sugar creations are also very delicate. This nature of sugar is the thing that most appeals to artisans.
People who are interested in learning sugar art can take specialty courses from culinary(烹饪的) schools in which they will learn about handling sugar. Some cooks also offer at-home workshops to people who can organise a small group of interested individuals who want to learn about sugar art at home.
1.Why is sugar art especially common in winter
A.There are many important holidays in winter. B.Many art competitions are held in winter.
C.Winter has low temperature and low moisture. D.It is the season when people do the most shopping.
2.What is needed to create the shape of a tiger on the birthday cake
A.Pulled sugar. B.Plain sugar. C.Blown sugar. D.Colouring sugar.
3.To most sugar artisans, sugar art is attractive because _________.
A.they can enjoy delicious sugary food during the process
B.the works they create can only be enjoyed for a short period of time
C.it is a kind of art that can make a person become famous quickly
D.they can make a lot of money by making creative works of art
4.From the passage we can learn that _______.
A.sugar art is the most popular decorative form in stores
B.learning sugar art has been a subject in many schools
C.only eatable materials can be used in sugar art
D.it is not an easy thing to create a piece of sugar art
3. Some 30, 000 years ago, artists who lived in caves in Europe painted pictures of the animals around them. The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement. The artwork is considered the oldest group of human cave drawings that have ever been discovered. The drawings were created tens of thousands of years ago before human history was written. They were preserved because the cave was closed off for more or less 23,000 years.
Fast forward to December 18, 1994, a group of French cave scientists were exploring caves in southern France. Jean-Marie Chauvet, who led the group then, described the process of discovering the cave paintings. "At that time I was in the front, Eliette just walked behind me, Christian behind. Eliette said she saw two marks made with red ochre and she said, 'They came here.' And at this very moment everything began. The drawings and everything were linked to the parietal art. That is where it started." Cave art expert Jean Clottes reviewed the paintings. "I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality."
The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it. However, its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings. So the cave is closed, and only people there for scientific purposes can go inside and see the artwork.
However, French authorities asked experts to create an exact copy of the cave, called the Pont d'Arc Cavern. The copy cost more than 59 million dollars to build. Pascal Terrasse is the president of the cave. He says everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings made by the first humans in Europe. He says the place is magic because it is done so well.
1. Who is the first scientist to enter the cave
A. Christian. B. Eliette.
C. Jean Clottes. D. Jean-Marie Chauvet.
2. Which words can be used to describe the paintings in the cave
A. Elegant and abstract. B. Vivid and superior.
C. Complicated and creative. D. Delicate and colourful.
3. What can be learned about the Chauvet Cave
A. It was closed off for some 30, 000 years.
B. It's the origin of modem parietal art.
C. The artwork is very easy to damage.
D. No one is given access to it now.
4. Why is the Pont d'Arc Cavern created
A. To show admiration for early artists in Europe.
B. To arouse visitors' awareness of protecting art.
C. To offer visitors chances to enjoy the artwork.
D. To collect money for preserving the cave.
4. In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain" is Celtic(凯尔特语). Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why there are so many place names in England which end in "-Chester" or "-caster"—Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" come from the Celtic word for church.
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in "-ham" or "-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village. So Birmingham, for example, means "Beormund's village".
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (the village on a hill—a good place to build a village) and Moreton (the village by a lake, where floods could make life hard). Place names that end in "-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066, England became Norman—the Normans gave us the place name "grange'', which means iarm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium but they were not the first inhabitants(居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
1. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of _____.
A. the death of local languages
B. the long lost history of the names
C. their lack of interest in it
D. the frequent changes to the names
2. According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town _____.
A. on a hill B. near a castle
C. beside a river D. with a church
3. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain
A. The Celts-The Romans-The Normans-The Anglo Saxons
B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans
C. The Romans-The Celts-The Anglo Saxons-The Normans
D. The Romans-The Anglo Saxons-The Celts-The Normans
4.What does London mean in Celtic
A. River. B. Londinium. C. Lud. D. Castle.
二、七选五
As most people know, in the past, Chinese women had no right to receive formal education. ①_____ One piece of evidence is Nüshu—literally "female script"—a written language only used by women.
A Nüshu museum opened in Puwei Island, Jiangyong county, Hunan province in May 2007. This beautiful island was home to many famous Nüshu authors. This year, according to Xinhua, many tourists visited the museum to appreciate the unique culture of Nüshu.
Known as "the world's only surviving characters simply for women", this slim script was developed from standard written Chinese. Centuries ago, Nüshu was taught to girls by elderly women in their homes. During village gatherings, women would use the characters to write poems. ②_____
Worried that this ancient culture would soon disappear, Zhao Liming, a professor at Tsinghua University, started a project in 2017, hoping to keep Nüshu alive. ③_____ Designed by Talkmate, a Beijing-based online language education platform, its purpose is to teach Nüshu to more people.
④_____ For example, people often misjudged the characters as "the symbols of some secret cults(邪教)". The truth is that many old poems written in Nüshu were created by women who wanted to express the difficulties they faced, and how they made it through those hardships. Zhao hopes the app will help people look past these old rumors.
"The words were full of encouragement and positive energy, and showed an uncommon open-mindedness among women at the time," Zhao said.
Ji Xianlin, a late linguist(语言学家), once wrote that Nüshu is a feminist(女权主义者) symbol, since "it was created by talented women deprived(剥夺) of the right to education."⑤_____
A. Many rumors were spread about Nüshu.
B. The project has made a great achievement.
C. But this doesn't mean they made no efforts to learn.
D. One of the project's biggest achievements is an app.
E. In this case men couldn't understand their meanings.
F. This might be why the ancient culture still has value in modem times.
G. In this way, they expressed the feelings they usually kept hidden from men.
三、完形填空
"Look Mom, he paints like me!" Eight-year-old Alexandra Nechita had just discovered Pablo Picasso's artwork for the first time. The art world 1 and began to call Alexandra the "Petite(小的) Picasso". This 2 artist has been turning heads in the art world ever since.
Even at age two, Alexandra 3 nearly all her time on her colouring books. 4 their daughter spent too much time alone, Alexandra's parents took her colouring books away. They hoped she'd start to jump rope or play with dolls. But taking away her 5 was like taking the air out of her life. Alexandra began to colour on paper her mother 6 home from office.
When Alexandra was four, her parents began to notice the portraits she drew. They were abstract and 7 Picasso's work, with four eyes and two faces. She 8 painting with watercolours and then with other paints.
Alexandra's classmates would sometimes 9 her paintings. But her 10 school teacher saw talent in her drawings. She helped eight-year-old Alexandra organise her first 11 at a local library.
Within a year, Alexandra had several other exhibitions. Her exhibition at the famous Mary Paxon Gallery brought her to the 12 of national art critics(评论家). She began to 13 on television, in news and talk shows around America.
Admirers have spent a large amount of money buying her paintings. But the 14 doesn't seem to have affected her negatively(消极地). Through various charities, Alexandra shares her wealth with those 15 around the world.
1. A. improved B. agreed C. waited D. broke
2. A. friendly B. talented C. worried D. honest
3. A. spent B. forgot C. remembered D. wasted
4. A. Afraid B. Sure C. Proud D. Ashamed
5. A. phones B. ropes C. colours D. dolls
6. A. called B. drove C. brought D. sent
7. A. referred to B. looked like C. consisted of D. depended on
8. A. stopped B. started C. suggested D. avoided
9. A. learn from B. seek for C. point at D. laugh at
10. A. medical B. high C. primary D. previous
11. A. conference B. system C. party D. exhibition
12. A. appear B. perform C. shop D. train
13. A. appear B. perform C. shop D. train
14. A. style B. time C. energy D. money
15. A. on holiday B. in power C. on duty D. in need
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qi Baishi, one of China's greatest painters, followed the ①_________(tradition) Chinese style of painting. Chinese painting is known ②_________ its brush drawings in black ink and natural colours. Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully, and his paintings are special because of this.
Xu Beihong was one of China best-known twentieth-century artists. Like Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong painted in the traditional Chinese style. Both painters have a beautiful brush line. Xu Beihong believed that artists should show ③_________ (real), but not just imitate it. Instead, a picture should try to show the "life" of its subject. He is most famous for his ④_________ (live) paintings of horses.
Pablo Picasso is the twentieth-century greatest western artist. He was born in Spain and at the age of ten was already ⑤_________ excellent artist. He first had his works of art ⑥_________ (exhibit) at the age of 16. Picasso studied art in Spain, but moved to France ⑦_________ his early twenties. From 1902 to 1904 he painted a series of pictures where the main colour was blue. These pictures showing poor, ⑧_________ (happy) people are known as Picasso's "blue period". From 1904 to 1906 Picasso painted much happier pictures in the colour pink. This period was known as Picasso's "pink period". With another Spanish artist ⑨_________ (call) George Braque, Picasso then started an important new ⑩_________ (art) movement called Cubism(立体派).
五、写作
（1）根据下列提示,写一篇说明文,介绍卢浮宫。60-80词。
1.卢浮宫是世界上最大的艺术博物馆。(museum)
2.目前,大约有35000件作品在博物馆的300多个房间里展出,要看完所有的展品要花一辈子的时间! (currently, take a lifetime to)
3.在所有的作品中,《蒙娜丽莎》是最吸引人的。(works, attractive)
4.人们在画前被推来推去,每个人都想近距离地观看这些举世闻名的艺术作品。(push around, close)
语法结构: be being +过去分词
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2）根据课文语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Han Gan and His Horses
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3.CDB
解析：语篇解读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了画家John Pugh和他的三维立体壁画。
1.解析:细节理解题。由第一段中的Two students stand... just ahead和because the seating area is actually a life-size painting可知,这两个学生正在欣赏一幅画。
2.解析:推理判断题。由第三段中的a group of firefighters ran over... it was only a painting可知,这些孩子只是画中的人物,所以作者加了引号。
3.解析:细节理解题。前两段介绍的是同一幅图画,第三、四段各介绍了一幅,故总共提到三幅画。
2.答案：1-4.CCBD
解析：1.语篇解读:这是说明文,短文介绍中国的一种传统艺——糖果艺术。
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的"...with sugar art being especially common during the winter season."以及第四段中的"Sugar art will start to weaken and melt if it is exposed to high moisture(湿度) or high temperature, especially in summer..."可知冬天气温低,湿度低,适合糖果艺术。
2.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的"A skilled artisan can create a range of shapes in blown sugar, including animals and decorations."可知答案。
3.解析:推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知糖果艺术品无法长期存在,而这一特点让手艺人尤为着迷。
4.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段以及第四段可知创造出糖果艺术作品不是件容易的事。
3.答案：1-4 DBCC
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的“Jean-Marie Chauvet...'At that time I was in the front, Eliette just walked behind me, Christian behind...'”和第三段中的“The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it.”可知，第一个走进岩洞的科学家是Jean-Marie Chauvet。
2.推理判断题。由第一段中的“The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement.”可推知，肖维岩洞里的壁画惟妙惟肖，很生动；再由第二段中的“I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality.”可知，肖维岩洞里的壁画的数量和质量均让人感到惊讶，这反映出肖维岩洞里的壁画是优质作品。
3.细节理解题。由第三段中的“However，its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings,”可知，肖维岩洞里的环境和壁画很脆弱，容易受到破坏。
4.推理判断题。由最后一段的内容尤其是“He says everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings...”可知，法国政府让专家们根据肖维岩洞的原型修建Pont d'Arc Cavern的目的是给人们提供欣赏这些艺术作品的机会。故选C。
4.答案：1-4 BCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的…but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however，has a long history.可知，曼彻斯特、牛津和伯明翰的大多数人都无法解释其城市名称的含义，是因为英国每个城镇都有着悠久的历史。
2.推理判断题。根据第五段中的Place names that end in “-ford”(a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.可推理出-ford的名字是和河流有关的。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Two thousand years ago， most people living in Britain were Celts.可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；由第二段中的Then the Romans arrived…可知The Romans为第二批；由第四段中的After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.可知The Anglo-Saxons 为第三批；由倒数第二段 Finally, in 1066， England became Norman…可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river.可知，最好的猜测是伦敦这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。
二、答案：①-⑤ CGDAF
解析：①此处需要一个过渡句，与上文形成转折关系，故C项符合语境。
②根据空前的“During village gatherings, women would use the characters to write poems.”可知，在村里聚会时，妇女们会用这些字符写诗，此处讲的是这样做的目的，故G项符合语境。
③根据空前的“Worried that this ancient culture would soon disappear, Zhao Liming, a professor at Tsinghua University, started a project in 2017， hoping to keep Nüshu alive.”可知，清华大学教授赵丽明担心这种古老的文化会很快消失，于是在2017年启动了一个项目，希望能让女书继续存在下去，空后又提到了一个旨在将女书教给更多人的在线语言教育平台，故D项符合语境。
④根据空后的“For example，people often misjudged the characters as 'the symbols of some secret cults(邪教)'."可知，例如，人们经常错误地判断这些字是一些秘密邪教的符号，这是一种谣言，故A项符合语境。
⑤根据空前的“...Nüshu is a feminist(女权主义者）symbol， since 'it was created by talented women deprived(剥夺) of the right to education.'”可知，女书是女权主义者的象征，因为它是由被剥夺了受教育权利的才华横溢的女性所写，此处解释女书的意义所在，故F项符合语境。
三、答案：1-5 BBAAC 6-10 CBBDC 11-15 DDADD
解析：1.由后文began to call Alexandra the“Petite(小的）Picasso”可知艺术界同意“he paints like me”这一说法。
2.根据前文可知Alexandra的画和毕加索的很像，可见她非常有才华。
3.此处是spend time on sth.的搭配，意为“花费时间在某事上”。
4.根据后文Alexandra's parents took her colouring books away可知上文表示她的父母担心她独自的时间太长。
5.由上文可知，她的父母拿走了她的涂色画册，所以推知此处表示拿走她的色彩就像从她的生命里带走空气一样。
6.此处是说她在妈妈从办公室带回的纸上涂色。
7.此处是说她的作品很抽象，并且看起来像毕加索的作品。
8.根据后文and then with other paints可知她开始用水彩画，后来用其他颜料。
9.考查动词短语。learn from学习； seek for寻找； point at指向; laugh at嘲笑。根据后文可知此处指同学们有的时候会嘲笑她的画。
10.根据Alexandra现在刚八岁可知她还在上小学。
11.由下文Within a year, Alexandra had several other exhibitions.可知，她帮助8岁的Alexandra在当地一家图书馆组织了她的第一次画展。
12.句意:她在著名的玛丽 帕克森画廊举办的展览引起了全国艺术评论家的注意。
13.句意:她开始出现在美国各地的电视、新闻和脱口秀节目中。
14.根据spent a large amount of money buying her paintings可知,此处指钱似乎并没有给她带来负面影响。
15.根据Through various charities可知， Alexandra与世界各地的那些需要得到帮助的人分享她的财富。in need意为“需要帮助的”。
四、答案：traditional ; for ; reality ; lively ; an ; exhibited ; in; unhappy ; called ; artistic
解析：①解析:修饰名词用形容词。
②解析:固定短语be known for以……而出名。
③解析:及物动词show“表现;展示”后面需用名词形式。
④解析:修饰名词用形容词, lively“生动的;栩栩如生的”。
⑤解析:单数可数名词前用不定冠词,名词前的形容词以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
⑥解析:使役动词have后面跟宾语his works of art,后面跟过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被展出。
⑦解析:数词的特殊用法in one's early twenties“在他20岁出头的时候”。
⑧解析:根据上文的形容词poor可知,这些人不开心,故用happy的反义词unhappy。
⑨解析:介词with后面的宾语another Spanish artist是call动作的承受者,故用过去分词作后置定语。
⑩解析:本空修饰名词movement,故选用形容词,art的形容词形式是artistic“艺术的;艺术家的”。
五、
（1）答案：
The Louvre is the largest museum of art in the world. About 35,000 works are currently being exhibited in over 300 rooms in the museum, which would take a lifetime to see everything! Of all the works, the painting Mona Lisa is the most attractive. People are pushed around in front of the paintings and everyone wants to have a close look at these world-famous art works.
（2）.答案：
Han Gan and His Horses
Han Gan, painter of Night-Shining Whitey is known for his skill in capturing the physical features, inner spirit and strength of the animal. Born poor, he once worked in a local wine shop and his artistic talent was discovered by poet Wang Wei. While serving Emperor Xuanzong in the royal palace, he spent much time observing horses. His unique painting skill was admired by many people.
2
一、阅读理解
1. Two students stand, looking uncertainly at what appears to be a pleasant seating area just ahead. There are two tables in the café: one is taken by a young woman reading a book but the other is empty. But no one else seems to be walking in, because the seating area is actually a life-size painting on the wall of the college building.
A life-size seating area—that's only a painting That's John Pugh's specialty: large-scale public art. He uses the "trick of the eye" style. His paintings are realistic and appear to be three-dimensional (三维的). The café scene includes not only the young woman but also a statue, a piece of art, and a small cat.
In another of his paintings, a great wave appears suddenly across the entire front of a building. The painting is huge, the wave looks like it's about to crash, and three children appear to stand directly in its path. Stopping their truck in the middle of traffic, a group of firefighters ran over to save the "children" shortly before the piece was completed. When getting close enough to realise it was only a painting, the men had a good laugh. No one seemed to mind being fooled by Pugh's paintings. Most people, like the firefighters, are just impressed by Pugh's skill.
Pugh believes that by creating public art, he can communicate with a larger audience than if his art works were in a gallery. Many of his pieces, including the cafe scene described above, use the existing architecture. One of his other pieces creates the illusion(错觉) that part of a building's wall has fallen down, showing an ancient Egyptian storeroom. Like the café scene, the Egyptian scene includes a human figure. In this case, however, the woman is not part of the scene. Instead, she appears to be a modern passer-by, looking into the storeroom.
Cities around the world have the works from Pugh. Pugh's ability to create an obvious mystery in daily life makes his works speak to so many people. After all, who doesn't appreciate being tricked once in a while
1.What are the two students doing
A.They are reading painting books. B.They are having coffee together.
C.They are appreciating a painting. D.They are looking for empty seats.
2.In Paragraph 3, the word "children" is in quotation marks(引号) because _________.·
A.the firefighters were shocked B.the children were in great danger
C.the children were actually some adults D.the frightening scene was just a picture
3.How many Pugh's paintings are mentioned in the text
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
2. Sugar art is a specialty with in the candy an pastry(酥皮点心) making field which involves using sugar to create complex shapes, scenes, and patterns. Displays of sugar art appear from wedding cakes to store windows, with sugar art being especially common during the winter season. Artisans(工匠) at the top of their field even attend sugar art competitions to pit their skills against those of others. Some people specialise in eatable sugar art, such as decorations for cakes. Others may use stabilisers which are unsafe to eat to make more long-lasting sculptures.
A wide variety of techniques can be used for sugar art, including blown and pulled sugar, and all of these techniques require skills. Sugar can be very hard to work with, and sometimes dangerous, in the case of sugar working techniques which involve heating sugar to high temperatures. It is impossible to master all these techniques without repeated attempts.
Pulled sugar may be used to create ribbons of sugar and similar decorative items, and people may also work with sugar which has been molded into various shapes. A skilled artisan can create a range of shapes in blown sugar, including animals and decorations. While some artisans work with plain sugar, most use colouring for everything from surprisingly realistic flowers to delicate blown sugar decorations on a holiday-themed cake.
Sugar art will start to weaken and melt if it is exposed to high moisture(湿度) or high temperature, especially in summer, and many sugar creations are also very delicate. This nature of sugar is the thing that most appeals to artisans.
People who are interested in learning sugar art can take specialty courses from culinary(烹饪的) schools in which they will learn about handling sugar. Some cooks also offer at-home workshops to people who can organise a small group of interested individuals who want to learn about sugar art at home.
1.Why is sugar art especially common in winter
A.There are many important holidays in winter. B.Many art competitions are held in winter.
C.Winter has low temperature and low moisture. D.It is the season when people do the most shopping.
2.What is needed to create the shape of a tiger on the birthday cake
A.Pulled sugar. B.Plain sugar. C.Blown sugar. D.Colouring sugar.
3.To most sugar artisans, sugar art is attractive because _________.
A.they can enjoy delicious sugary food during the process
B.the works they create can only be enjoyed for a short period of time
C.it is a kind of art that can make a person become famous quickly
D.they can make a lot of money by making creative works of art
4.From the passage we can learn that _______.
A.sugar art is the most popular decorative form in stores
B.learning sugar art has been a subject in many schools
C.only eatable materials can be used in sugar art
D.it is not an easy thing to create a piece of sugar art
3. Some 30, 000 years ago, artists who lived in caves in Europe painted pictures of the animals around them. The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement. The artwork is considered the oldest group of human cave drawings that have ever been discovered. The drawings were created tens of thousands of years ago before human history was written. They were preserved because the cave was closed off for more or less 23,000 years.
Fast forward to December 18, 1994, a group of French cave scientists were exploring caves in southern France. Jean-Marie Chauvet, who led the group then, described the process of discovering the cave paintings. "At that time I was in the front, Eliette just walked behind me, Christian behind. Eliette said she saw two marks made with red ochre and she said, 'They came here.' And at this very moment everything began. The drawings and everything were linked to the parietal art. That is where it started." Cave art expert Jean Clottes reviewed the paintings. "I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality."
The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it. However, its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings. So the cave is closed, and only people there for scientific purposes can go inside and see the artwork.
However, French authorities asked experts to create an exact copy of the cave, called the Pont d'Arc Cavern. The copy cost more than 59 million dollars to build. Pascal Terrasse is the president of the cave. He says everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings made by the first humans in Europe. He says the place is magic because it is done so well.
1. Who is the first scientist to enter the cave
A. Christian. B. Eliette.
C. Jean Clottes. D. Jean-Marie Chauvet.
2. Which words can be used to describe the paintings in the cave
A. Elegant and abstract. B. Vivid and superior.
C. Complicated and creative. D. Delicate and colourful.
3. What can be learned about the Chauvet Cave
A. It was closed off for some 30, 000 years.
B. It's the origin of modem parietal art.
C. The artwork is very easy to damage.
D. No one is given access to it now.
4. Why is the Pont d'Arc Cavern created
A. To show admiration for early artists in Europe.
B. To arouse visitors' awareness of protecting art.
C. To offer visitors chances to enjoy the artwork.
D. To collect money for preserving the cave.
4. In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain" is Celtic(凯尔特语). Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why there are so many place names in England which end in "-Chester" or "-caster"—Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" come from the Celtic word for church.
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in "-ham" or "-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village. So Birmingham, for example, means "Beormund's village".
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (the village on a hill—a good place to build a village) and Moreton (the village by a lake, where floods could make life hard). Place names that end in "-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066, England became Norman—the Normans gave us the place name "grange'', which means iarm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium but they were not the first inhabitants(居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
1. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of _____.
A. the death of local languages
B. the long lost history of the names
C. their lack of interest in it
D. the frequent changes to the names
2. According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town _____.
A. on a hill B. near a castle
C. beside a river D. with a church
3. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain
A. The Celts-The Romans-The Normans-The Anglo Saxons
B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans
C. The Romans-The Celts-The Anglo Saxons-The Normans
D. The Romans-The Anglo Saxons-The Celts-The Normans
4.What does London mean in Celtic
A. River. B. Londinium. C. Lud. D. Castle.
二、七选五
As most people know, in the past, Chinese women had no right to receive formal education. ①_____ One piece of evidence is Nüshu—literally "female script"—a written language only used by women.
A Nüshu museum opened in Puwei Island, Jiangyong county, Hunan province in May 2007. This beautiful island was home to many famous Nüshu authors. This year, according to Xinhua, many tourists visited the museum to appreciate the unique culture of Nüshu.
Known as "the world's only surviving characters simply for women", this slim script was developed from standard written Chinese. Centuries ago, Nüshu was taught to girls by elderly women in their homes. During village gatherings, women would use the characters to write poems. ②_____
Worried that this ancient culture would soon disappear, Zhao Liming, a professor at Tsinghua University, started a project in 2017, hoping to keep Nüshu alive. ③_____ Designed by Talkmate, a Beijing-based online language education platform, its purpose is to teach Nüshu to more people.
④_____ For example, people often misjudged the characters as "the symbols of some secret cults(邪教)". The truth is that many old poems written in Nüshu were created by women who wanted to express the difficulties they faced, and how they made it through those hardships. Zhao hopes the app will help people look past these old rumors.
"The words were full of encouragement and positive energy, and showed an uncommon open-mindedness among women at the time," Zhao said.
Ji Xianlin, a late linguist(语言学家), once wrote that Nüshu is a feminist(女权主义者) symbol, since "it was created by talented women deprived(剥夺) of the right to education."⑤_____
A. Many rumors were spread about Nüshu.
B. The project has made a great achievement.
C. But this doesn't mean they made no efforts to learn.
D. One of the project's biggest achievements is an app.
E. In this case men couldn't understand their meanings.
F. This might be why the ancient culture still has value in modem times.
G. In this way, they expressed the feelings they usually kept hidden from men.
三、完形填空
"Look Mom, he paints like me!" Eight-year-old Alexandra Nechita had just discovered Pablo Picasso's artwork for the first time. The art world 1 and began to call Alexandra the "Petite(小的) Picasso". This 2 artist has been turning heads in the art world ever since.
Even at age two, Alexandra 3 nearly all her time on her colouring books. 4 their daughter spent too much time alone, Alexandra's parents took her colouring books away. They hoped she'd start to jump rope or play with dolls. But taking away her 5 was like taking the air out of her life. Alexandra began to colour on paper her mother 6 home from office.
When Alexandra was four, her parents began to notice the portraits she drew. They were abstract and 7 Picasso's work, with four eyes and two faces. She 8 painting with watercolours and then with other paints.
Alexandra's classmates would sometimes 9 her paintings. But her 10 school teacher saw talent in her drawings. She helped eight-year-old Alexandra organise her first 11 at a local library.
Within a year, Alexandra had several other exhibitions. Her exhibition at the famous Mary Paxon Gallery brought her to the 12 of national art critics(评论家). She began to 13 on television, in news and talk shows around America.
Admirers have spent a large amount of money buying her paintings. But the 14 doesn't seem to have affected her negatively(消极地). Through various charities, Alexandra shares her wealth with those 15 around the world.
1. A. improved B. agreed C. waited D. broke
2. A. friendly B. talented C. worried D. honest
3. A. spent B. forgot C. remembered D. wasted
4. A. Afraid B. Sure C. Proud D. Ashamed
5. A. phones B. ropes C. colours D. dolls
6. A. called B. drove C. brought D. sent
7. A. referred to B. looked like C. consisted of D. depended on
8. A. stopped B. started C. suggested D. avoided
9. A. learn from B. seek for C. point at D. laugh at
10. A. medical B. high C. primary D. previous
11. A. conference B. system C. party D. exhibition
12. A. appear B. perform C. shop D. train
13. A. appear B. perform C. shop D. train
14. A. style B. time C. energy D. money
15. A. on holiday B. in power C. on duty D. in need
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qi Baishi, one of China's greatest painters, followed the ①_________(tradition) Chinese style of painting. Chinese painting is known ②_________ its brush drawings in black ink and natural colours. Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully, and his paintings are special because of this.
Xu Beihong was one of China best-known twentieth-century artists. Like Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong painted in the traditional Chinese style. Both painters have a beautiful brush line. Xu Beihong believed that artists should show ③_________ (real), but not just imitate it. Instead, a picture should try to show the "life" of its subject. He is most famous for his ④_________ (live) paintings of horses.
Pablo Picasso is the twentieth-century greatest western artist. He was born in Spain and at the age of ten was already ⑤_________ excellent artist. He first had his works of art ⑥_________ (exhibit) at the age of 16. Picasso studied art in Spain, but moved to France ⑦_________ his early twenties. From 1902 to 1904 he painted a series of pictures where the main colour was blue. These pictures showing poor, ⑧_________ (happy) people are known as Picasso's "blue period". From 1904 to 1906 Picasso painted much happier pictures in the colour pink. This period was known as Picasso's "pink period". With another Spanish artist ⑨_________ (call) George Braque, Picasso then started an important new ⑩_________ (art) movement called Cubism(立体派).
五、写作
（1）根据下列提示,写一篇说明文,介绍卢浮宫。60-80词。
1.卢浮宫是世界上最大的艺术博物馆。(museum)
2.目前,大约有35000件作品在博物馆的300多个房间里展出,要看完所有的展品要花一辈子的时间! (currently, take a lifetime to)
3.在所有的作品中,《蒙娜丽莎》是最吸引人的。(works, attractive)
4.人们在画前被推来推去,每个人都想近距离地观看这些举世闻名的艺术作品。(push around, close)
语法结构: be being +过去分词
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2）根据课文语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Han Gan and His Horses
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3.CDB
解析：语篇解读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了画家John Pugh和他的三维立体壁画。
1.解析:细节理解题。由第一段中的Two students stand... just ahead和because the seating area is actually a life-size painting可知,这两个学生正在欣赏一幅画。
2.解析:推理判断题。由第三段中的a group of firefighters ran over... it was only a painting可知,这些孩子只是画中的人物,所以作者加了引号。
3.解析:细节理解题。前两段介绍的是同一幅图画,第三、四段各介绍了一幅,故总共提到三幅画。
2.答案：1-4.CCBD
解析：1.语篇解读:这是说明文,短文介绍中国的一种传统艺——糖果艺术。
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的"...with sugar art being especially common during the winter season."以及第四段中的"Sugar art will start to weaken and melt if it is exposed to high moisture(湿度) or high temperature, especially in summer..."可知冬天气温低,湿度低,适合糖果艺术。
2.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的"A skilled artisan can create a range of shapes in blown sugar, including animals and decorations."可知答案。
3.解析:推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知糖果艺术品无法长期存在,而这一特点让手艺人尤为着迷。
4.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段以及第四段可知创造出糖果艺术作品不是件容易的事。
3.答案：1-4 DBCC
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段中的“Jean-Marie Chauvet...'At that time I was in the front, Eliette just walked behind me, Christian behind...'”和第三段中的“The Chauvet Cave has been named after the explorer who first entered it.”可知，第一个走进岩洞的科学家是Jean-Marie Chauvet。
2.推理判断题。由第一段中的“The paintings were highly realistic. Some even showed movement.”可推知，肖维岩洞里的壁画惟妙惟肖，很生动；再由第二段中的“I was amazed at the number of paintings there and their quality.”可知，肖维岩洞里的壁画的数量和质量均让人感到惊讶，这反映出肖维岩洞里的壁画是优质作品。
3.细节理解题。由第三段中的“However，its environment and drawings are too fragile to be visited by human beings,”可知，肖维岩洞里的环境和壁画很脆弱，容易受到破坏。
4.推理判断题。由最后一段的内容尤其是“He says everyone will be able to experience the thrill of looking at drawings...”可知，法国政府让专家们根据肖维岩洞的原型修建Pont d'Arc Cavern的目的是给人们提供欣赏这些艺术作品的机会。故选C。
4.答案：1-4 BCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的…but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however，has a long history.可知，曼彻斯特、牛津和伯明翰的大多数人都无法解释其城市名称的含义，是因为英国每个城镇都有着悠久的历史。
2.推理判断题。根据第五段中的Place names that end in “-ford”(a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.可推理出-ford的名字是和河流有关的。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Two thousand years ago， most people living in Britain were Celts.可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；由第二段中的Then the Romans arrived…可知The Romans为第二批；由第四段中的After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.可知The Anglo-Saxons 为第三批；由倒数第二段 Finally, in 1066， England became Norman…可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river.可知，最好的猜测是伦敦这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。
二、答案：①-⑤ CGDAF
解析：①此处需要一个过渡句，与上文形成转折关系，故C项符合语境。
②根据空前的“During village gatherings, women would use the characters to write poems.”可知，在村里聚会时，妇女们会用这些字符写诗，此处讲的是这样做的目的，故G项符合语境。
③根据空前的“Worried that this ancient culture would soon disappear, Zhao Liming, a professor at Tsinghua University, started a project in 2017， hoping to keep Nüshu alive.”可知，清华大学教授赵丽明担心这种古老的文化会很快消失，于是在2017年启动了一个项目，希望能让女书继续存在下去，空后又提到了一个旨在将女书教给更多人的在线语言教育平台，故D项符合语境。
④根据空后的“For example，people often misjudged the characters as 'the symbols of some secret cults(邪教)'."可知，例如，人们经常错误地判断这些字是一些秘密邪教的符号，这是一种谣言，故A项符合语境。
⑤根据空前的“...Nüshu is a feminist(女权主义者）symbol， since 'it was created by talented women deprived(剥夺) of the right to education.'”可知，女书是女权主义者的象征，因为它是由被剥夺了受教育权利的才华横溢的女性所写，此处解释女书的意义所在，故F项符合语境。
三、答案：1-5 BBAAC 6-10 CBBDC 11-15 DDADD
解析：1.由后文began to call Alexandra the“Petite(小的）Picasso”可知艺术界同意“he paints like me”这一说法。
2.根据前文可知Alexandra的画和毕加索的很像，可见她非常有才华。
3.此处是spend time on sth.的搭配，意为“花费时间在某事上”。
4.根据后文Alexandra's parents took her colouring books away可知上文表示她的父母担心她独自的时间太长。
5.由上文可知，她的父母拿走了她的涂色画册，所以推知此处表示拿走她的色彩就像从她的生命里带走空气一样。
6.此处是说她在妈妈从办公室带回的纸上涂色。
7.此处是说她的作品很抽象，并且看起来像毕加索的作品。
8.根据后文and then with other paints可知她开始用水彩画，后来用其他颜料。
9.考查动词短语。learn from学习； seek for寻找； point at指向; laugh at嘲笑。根据后文可知此处指同学们有的时候会嘲笑她的画。
10.根据Alexandra现在刚八岁可知她还在上小学。
11.由下文Within a year, Alexandra had several other exhibitions.可知，她帮助8岁的Alexandra在当地一家图书馆组织了她的第一次画展。
12.句意:她在著名的玛丽 帕克森画廊举办的展览引起了全国艺术评论家的注意。
13.句意:她开始出现在美国各地的电视、新闻和脱口秀节目中。
14.根据spent a large amount of money buying her paintings可知,此处指钱似乎并没有给她带来负面影响。
15.根据Through various charities可知， Alexandra与世界各地的那些需要得到帮助的人分享她的财富。in need意为“需要帮助的”。
四、答案：traditional ; for ; reality ; lively ; an ; exhibited ; in; unhappy ; called ; artistic
解析：①解析:修饰名词用形容词。
②解析:固定短语be known for以……而出名。
③解析:及物动词show“表现;展示”后面需用名词形式。
④解析:修饰名词用形容词, lively“生动的;栩栩如生的”。
⑤解析:单数可数名词前用不定冠词,名词前的形容词以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。
⑥解析:使役动词have后面跟宾语his works of art,后面跟过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被展出。
⑦解析:数词的特殊用法in one's early twenties“在他20岁出头的时候”。
⑧解析:根据上文的形容词poor可知,这些人不开心,故用happy的反义词unhappy。
⑨解析:介词with后面的宾语another Spanish artist是call动作的承受者,故用过去分词作后置定语。
⑩解析:本空修饰名词movement,故选用形容词,art的形容词形式是artistic“艺术的;艺术家的”。
五、
（1）答案：
The Louvre is the largest museum of art in the world. About 35,000 works are currently being exhibited in over 300 rooms in the museum, which would take a lifetime to see everything! Of all the works, the painting Mona Lisa is the most attractive. People are pushed around in front of the paintings and everyone wants to have a close look at these world-famous art works.
（2）.答案：
Han Gan and His Horses
Han Gan, painter of Night-Shining Whitey is known for his skill in capturing the physical features, inner spirit and strength of the animal. Born poor, he once worked in a local wine shop and his artistic talent was discovered by poet Wang Wei. While serving Emperor Xuanzong in the royal palace, he spent much time observing horses. His unique painting skill was admired by many people.
2