外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Amazing art B卷 能力提升（含答案）
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Unit 4 B卷 能力提升
一、阅读理解
1. One of the most famous buildings in the United States is Carnegie Hall, the home of classical and popular music concerts in New York. Carnegie Hall is known not just for its beauty and history, but also for its amazing sound. It has been said that the hall itself is an instrument. It takes the music and makes it larger than life.
Carnegie Hall is named after Andrew Carnegie, who paid for its construction. Construction on Carnegie Hall began in 1890 and the official opening night was on May 5, 1891.
The hall was owned by the Carnegie family until 1924 when it was sold to Robert E. Simon. The building became very old and in 1960, the new owner made plans to destroy it and build an office block. Isaac Stem led a group of people who fought to save Carnegie Hall and finally, the city of New York bought it for $5 million. It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.
Advertisements and stories in newspapers about how Carnegie Hall needed help to recover its history led people to send in old conceit programmes and information from all over the world. Over 12,000 concert programmes were received and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Hall's concert history.
Carnegie Hall is actually made up of several different halls, but the Main Hall, now called the Isaac Stem Hall, is the most famous. The hall itself can hold an audience of 2,804 in five levels of seating.
Because the best and most famous musicians of all time have played at Carnegie Hall, it is the dream of most musicians who want to be great to play there. This has led to a very old joke which is now part of Carnegie Hall's history. Question: "How do I get to Carnegie Hall " Answer: "Practise, practise, practise."
1. How did Carnegie Hall recover its concert history
A. Through newspaper reports.
B. Through old concert programmes.
C. Through old photographs.
D. Through an old joke.
2. How long did it take Carnegie Hall to be fixed up
A. 9 years. B. 10 years.
C. 11 years. D. 12 years.
3. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. The History of Carnegie Hall
B. The Best Musician Having Played in Carnegie Hall
C. A Joke about Carnegie Hall
D. The Dream of Most Musicians
2. In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain" is Celtic(凯尔特语). Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why there are so many place names in England which end in "-Chester" or "-caster"—Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" come from the Celtic word for church.
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in "-ham" or "-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village. So Birmingham, for example, means "Beormund's village".
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (the village on a hill—a good place to build a village) and Moreton (the village by a lake, where floods could make life hard). Place names that end in "-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066, England became Norman—the Normans gave us the place name "grange'', which means iarm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium but they were not the first inhabitants(居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
1. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of _____.
A. the death of local languages
B. the long lost history of the names
C. their lack of interest in it
D. the frequent changes to the names
2. According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town _____.
A. on a hill B. near a castle
C. beside a river D. with a church
3. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain
A. The Celts-The Romans-The Normans-The Anglo Saxons
B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans
C. The Romans-The Celts-The Anglo Saxons-The Normans
D. The Romans-The Anglo Saxons-The Celts-The Normans
4.What does London mean in Celtic
A. River. B. Londinium. C. Lud. D. Castle.
3. Carol: I started playing the cello(大提琴) when I was about eight or nine. It was great to play the cello because I was in the Youth Orchestra and we went abroad on tour. But anyway, when I got into university, I stopped playing it. Well, there was just no time and there were so many other things to do. Luckily, I took it up after my 25th birthday and joined a band.
Daniel: When I was young, I thought I'd end up learning the guitar like my father, but later I decided that I wanted to have my own instrument, so I chose the trumpet(小号). I'm in the school jazz band and I'd like to be a musician when I grow up, but my dad says it's difficult to make a living from music. But I don't want to be a lawyer like him. It's so boring.
Carmen: Nobody likes living near someone like me because when I practise, I make a lot of noise! But I have to keep practising, don't I Otherwise it gets more and more difficult. The trouble is, in summer, when it's hot, I have to open the window, so the whole street gets to hear it if I'm not careful. I love playing the drums and I play them in a fantastic band.
Vince: I've played the guitar for as long as I can remember, but when I was trying to make it as a musician after school, I used to play in the underground in London to make a bit of extra money. I kept on playing, but I ran a restaurant to make a living. When I get any spare time, I still play. I've got a few friends who like music as well and we have formed a band.
1. Why did Carol once give up playing the cello
A. Because she couldn't go abroad to play it.
B. Because she turned to other instruments.
C. Because she found it boring to play it all day.
D. Because she couldn't spare any time to play it.
2. What do we know about Daniel
A. He plays the trumpet.
B. He is good at playing the guitar.
C. His father pushes him to be a lawyer.
D. His father gives him a lot of help.
3. What is the trouble that Carmen is facing
A. She cannot play well in public.
B. Playing the drums bothers others.
C. The street is so noisy in summer.
D. It's hard to keep practising in summer.
4. Why did Vince start restaurant business
A. To make a living. B. To form a band.
C. To make friends. D. To share music.
4. Some of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works are his sunflower series. He painted a total of twelve of these canvases(油画), although the most commonly referred to are the seven he painted while in Arles in 1888 1889. He had painted the other five while in Paris in 1887.
While Vincent himself never actually stated why he liked the sunflowers in particular, references to them are made in his many letters, which help give us some ideas. In a letter to his sister dated 21 August 1888, he talked of his friend Gauguin coming to live with him in Arles. Then he went on to say that he would like to decorate the whole studio with nothing but sunflowers.
Vincent had quite an attachment to the flowers personally. In the year before his death he wrote to his brother, "It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it… You know the peony (牡丹) is Jeannin's, the hollyhock(蜀葵) belongs to Quost, but the sunflower is somewhat my own." In many of his letters he spoke glowingly(热心地) of the richness of colour that he saw in the sunflowers, and his desire to paint them quickly before they faded.
But whether Vincent painted the sunflowers because he was trying to please Gauguin, or because he really loved the sunflowers for themselves as they brought him joy in colour, he certainly left us works of art to enjoy.
1._______ showed that Vincent liked the sunflowers best.
A.His many letters B.12 canvases C.The hollyhock D.The peony
2.The best title of this passage would probably be _________.
A.Vincent van Gogh's Famous Works B.Vincent van Gogh Really Loved Sunflowers
C.Vincent van Gogh Was Kind to His Friend D.Vincent van Gogh's Really Interesting Life
3.According to Vincent van Gogh's letters we can know that ________.
A.Gauguin was Vincent van Gogh's close friend
B.Vincent would like to live with Gauguin all the time
C.Vincent's studio was full of sunflowers every day
D.Gauguin was clearly interested in sunflowers
4.We can know from the third paragraph that ________.
A.some sunflowers belong to Vincent van Gogh
B.sunflowers are more beautiful than hollyhock
C.Vincent liked the colour of the sunflowers best
D.Vincent liked painting all kinds of flowers
二、七选五
If you feel depressed(消沉的), it's best to do something about it—depression doesn't just go away on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor, here are four things you can do to feel better.
Exercise. Take a 15-to-30-minute walk every day—or dance and bike if you prefer. ①_____ But make yourself do it anyway. Once you get in the exercise habit, it won't take long to notice a difference in your mood.
Provide yourself with good nutrition. Depression can affect appetite(食欲). One person may not feel like eating at all, but another might overeat. ②_____ So eat plenty of fruits and vegetables and get regular meals (even if you don't feel hungry, try to eat something light, like a piece of fruit, to keep you going).
Find out troubles. ③_____ When you know what's got you feeling blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend. Talking is a way to receive some understanding. If there's no one to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal works just as well.
④_____ Depression affects a person's thoughts, making everything seem unhappy and hopeless. If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life. Try to notice one thing, and then try to think of one more. Consider your strengths or gifts.
Most of all, don't forget to be patient with yourself. ⑤_____
A. Look on the bright side.
B. Take action to solve problems.
C. Depression takes time to heal.
D. Proper nutrition can affect a person's mood and energy.
E. People who are depressed may not feel much like being active.
F. Try to make out any situations that have contributed to your depression.
G. With depression, a person's creativity and sense of fun may seem blocked.
三、完形填空
It's amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.
We have a 1 school of about 30 students. It is really full of competition and pressure as most of the kids get good 2 . It's good except that a lot of us middle kids felt really 3 , We got the feeling that we were so selfish—it's every man for himself.
4 , my friend and I set out to find a way to 5 the culture. We thought doing things for others was the only way to 6 our depression(沮丧) about school.
On the first day of school we put a 7 folded into a heart into one of the students' lockers with a piece of paper that 8 , "Buy yourself a snack." We didn't know the 9 it would have.
People went 10 over it and everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and 11 that they should do something too. Lots of other people have started sharing 12 now too: chocolate bars, cookies and money left 13 in the vending machine (自动售货机).
Now I actually expect to go to school to have the chance to 14 people up. If anybody is struggling with being 15 at school and work, I totally suggested doing acts of kindness.
1. A. small B. large C. lovely D. terrible
2. A. grades B. books C. results D. teachers
3. A. interested B. satisfied C. pressured D. embarrassed
4. A. In return B. In charge C. In response D. In anger
5. A. realize B. enrich C. swap D. change
6. A. deal with B. live with C. come up with D. keep up with
7. A. paper B. gift C. dollar D. ticket
8. A. wrote B. said C. told D. printed
9. A. problem B. opinion C. effect D. attitude
10. A. wild B. sad C. angry D. peaceful
11. A. regretting B. disagreeing C. doubting D. deciding
12. A. happiness B. selfishness C. kindness D. sadness
13. A. by accident B. as usual C. in surprise D. on purpose
14. A. bring B. cheer C. speed D. hold
15. A. ignored B. concerned C. confused D. depressed
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Beihong was a Chinese painter born in Yixing, Jiangsu province. He was ①_________(primary) known for his Chinese ink paintings of horses and birds and was one of the first Chinese ②_________ (art) to clearly tell people the need for artistic ③_________ (express) that reflected a modern China ④_________ the beginning of the 20th century.
⑤_________ (regard) as one of the first to create monumental oil paintings with epic Chinese themes, Xu Beihong showed to the world his ability to be ⑥_________ (skill) at Western art technique.
Xu Beihong was a master of ⑦_________ oils and Chinese ink. Most of his works, ⑧_________, were in the Chinese traditional style. In his efforts ⑨_________ (create) a new form of national art, he combined Chinese brush and ink techniques ⑩_________ Western perspective and methods of composition.
五、
1、假如你是某中学的学生李华,请你给校委员会写一封信, 就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由,内容包括:
1. 建议开办一个校园艺术画廊,展示在校学生自己的作品;
2. 画廊可以给学生提供一个展示自我的平台,丰富学生的知识、传播校园文化。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Whether you've looking for a quick hotel in the city or a isolated resort in the tropics, where you choose to stay can make or break your vacation experience. But even the most seasoned travelers may not know the difference between the two main types of homes-away-from-home. Besides their first letter, is there any real difference between hotels and motels
These two types of lodging(寄宿) have the same basic purpose—a place for travelers to sleep—but there are plenty of features that set them apart. For instance, they came to be for different reasons, and at very different times. The word "hotel" dates back to the 1600s and comes from a French word, hotel. That word, just like the English one, referred to a place that provides lodging, meals, entertainment, and other services for travelers.
Motels, on the other hand, are a much more recent—and pretty much exclusively American—lodging option. This word dates back to the 1920s and combines the words "hotel" and "motor". As America's major highway system developed, so did motels, filling the need for roadside stops for motorists traveling cross-country.
There are also some smaller differences that can help you figure out which type of place you've in. Hotels tend to be built for longer stays, while motels are geared more for one-or-two-night stops along a journey. Because of this, hotels are much more likely to have offerings like lounges, gyms, and entertainment.
So, in the end, it comes down to what you want from your trip and from your lodging. Want the place you stay to be just as much a part of your travel experience as anything else Opt for a hotel. Just need a place to pop in and out of to shower and sleep A motel might be the better choice.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3 BDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Over 12, 000 concert programmes were received and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Hall's concert history.可知选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.可知修复时间持续12年。
3.主旨大意题。通过阅读文章，可知这篇文章主要讲了卡内基音乐厅的历史与辉煌，故选A。
2.答案：1-4 BCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的…but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however，has a long history.可知，曼彻斯特、牛津和伯明翰的大多数人都无法解释其城市名称的含义，是因为英国每个城镇都有着悠久的历史。
2.推理判断题。根据第五段中的Place names that end in “-ford”(a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.可推理出-ford的名字是和河流有关的。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Two thousand years ago， most people living in Britain were Celts.可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；由第二段中的Then the Romans arrived…可知The Romans为第二批；由第四段中的After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.可知The Anglo-Saxons 为第三批；由倒数第二段 Finally, in 1066， England became Norman…可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river.可知，最好的猜测是伦敦这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。
3.答案：1-4 DABA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知，Carol放弃拉大提琴是因为抽不出时间来练习。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“so I chose the trumpet”可知，Daniel吹小号。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Carmen练习敲鼓打扰了其他人。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Vince为了谋生而经营一家餐厅。故选A项。
4.答案：1-4.ABAC
解析：语篇解读:本文介绍著名画家梵高绘画中最典型的有关向日葵的作品,文中还提及梵高对向日葵情有独钟的原因。
1.解析:细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句可知,梵高的一些信件表明他最喜爱向日葵。
2.解析:主旨大意题。本文介绍了画家梵高喜欢向日葵的事实,作者引入了若干证据加以说明。
3.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的"he talked of his friend Gauguin coming to live with him in Arles",再结合梵高用向日葵装饰房间以迎接朋友可以推知Gauguin是他的好朋友。
4.解析:推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可以推知他尤其喜欢向日葵的颜色。
二、
答案：①-⑤ EDFAC
解析：①根据下文“But make yourself do it anyway.(尽管如此，还是让你自己去做吧）”可知，此处与之形成转折关系。由此可知，E项“People who are depressed may not feel much like being active.(抑郁的人可能不太想活动）”符合文意。故选E。
②根据上文“Provide yourself with good nutrition.(给自己提供好的营养）”可知，此处与nutrition“营养”有关。由此可知，D项“Proper nutrition can affect a person's mood and energy.(适当的营养可以影响一个人的情绪和能量）”符合文意。故选D。
③根据上文“Find out troubles.(找出问题）”可知，此处指找出问题所在。由此可知，F项“Try to make out any situations that have contributed to your depression.(试着找出任何导致你抑郁的情况）”符合文意。故选F。
④根据下文“If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life.(如果抑郁让你只注意到消极的一面，那就努力去发现生活中好的一面）”可知，此处指要看到事物积极的一面。由此可知，A项“Look on the bright side.”符合文意。故选A。
⑤根据上文“Most of all，don't forget to be patient with yourself.(最重要的是，不要忘记对自己有耐心）”可知，此处指消除压抑情绪需要一段时间。由此可知，C项“Depression takes time to heal.(抑郁需要时间来治愈）”符合文意。故选C。
三、
答案：1-5 AACCD 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 DCDBD
解析：1.我们的学校很小（small)，只有大约30个学生。根据30 students可知，这个学校不大，故选A。large大的； lovely可爱的； terrible可怕的。
2.学校里确实充满了竞争和压力，因为大多数孩子得到了高分（grade)，努力成为最优秀的学生。成为优秀的学生，首先要有高分，故选A。book书籍; result结果; teacher教师。
3.除了我们很多中等水平的孩子们感到真的有压力(pressured)外，这种追求是好的。根据前句中的competition and pressure可知，大家的压力很大，故选C。interested感兴趣的； satisfied满意的； embarrassed尴尬的。
4.作为回应（in response)，朋友和我开始寻找改变这种文化的方式。面对这种紧张局面，作者和他的朋友想做一下改变，故选C。in return作为报答； in charge负责； in anger 愤怒之下。
5.根据下文作者他们所做的事情可知，他们想改变(change)这种只注重竞争的局面，故选D。realize实现； enrich丰富； swap交换。
6.“我们”认为，为别人做点什么是解决（deal with)同学们在校期间情绪抑郁的唯一办法。根据下文可知，通过这种方式，同学们都开始做好事了，故选A。live with与……生活在一起；come up with想出； keep up with赶上。
7.开学第一天，“我们”把一美元（dollar)折叠成心形放进一位同学的橱柜里，附带着一张纸条，上面写着“给自己买一包零食”。根据“Buy yourself a snack.”并结合文章第一句中的dollar可知，选C。paper纸； gift礼物； ticket票。
8.纸条上写着（say)“给自己买一包零食”。此处表示纸条上提供信息或指示，故选B。write写； tell告诉; print印刷。
9.“我们”不知道这么做会有什么效果（effect)。根据下文“People went _____ over it and everyone...”可知，这么做的效果非常好。故选C。problem问题； opinion意见； attitude 态度。
10.大家为这件事发狂（wild)了。根据everyone was talking about可知，这件事引起了不小的轰动，故选A。sad悲伤的； angry愤怒的； peaceful和平的。
11.每个人都在谈论这件好事可能是谁做的，并且决定（decide)他们也要做点什么。根据下文“Lots of other people have started sharing...”可知，大家决定也要为别人做好事，故选D。regret后悔； disagree不同意； doubt怀疑。
12.其他人也开始做好事（kindness)了：巧克力条、甜饼，还有故意放在自动售货机上的钱。根据前文的doing the acts of kindness可知，选C。happiness快乐； selfishness自私； sadness伤心。
13.有的同学为了做好事而故意（on purpose)把钱放在自动售货机上，故选D。by accident偶然； as usual像往常一样； in surprise惊讶地。
14.现在“我”非常希望去学校，以便有机会让人们高兴起来（cheer)。作者的初衷就是改变严肃的竞争局面，让同学们开心在学校学习，故选B。bring up抚育; speed up加速; hold up 举起。
15.如果还有人在学校里或工作中与抑郁（depressed)做斗争的话，“我”完全建议去做好事。根据前文doing things for others was the only way to _____ our depression about school可知，选D。ignored被忽视的； concerned担忧的； confused困惑的。
四、答案：primarily ; artists ; expressions ; at ; Regarded ; skilled ; both ; however ; to create ; with
解析：①解析:本空修饰known,需用副词。
②解析:理解句意可知,本空指的是艺术家。
③解析:介词和形容词artistic后面应该跟名词。
④解析:固定短语at the beginning of“在……开始的时候”。
⑤解析:过去分词短语作状语,句子的主语Xu Beihong是该动作的承受者。
⑥解析:形容词短语be skilled at“精通……;擅长……”。
⑦解析:固定短语both...and...。
⑧解析:理解句意可知,上下文之间的逻辑关系是转折关系。
⑨ 解析:名词句型an effort to do sth. 。
⑩解析:动词句型combine sth. with sth. ,表示“他把中国的笔墨技术和西方的透视和绘画方式结合起来”。
五、
1.答案：
Dear Committee members,
I wish to make a suggestion about starting a school art gallery.
There are many students who are good at painting in our school. The school art gallery can provide these students with a very good platform to display their own paintings, offer them a chance to admire the artistic achievements and the development of school culture as well as widen their knowledge. If you were to offer such an opportunity to the students who are fond of art, I believe they would give you a big surprise.
I would be more than happy if my suggestion could be considered.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
2.答案：
Motels and hotels have real differences other than their first letter in spelling. Although serving the same purpose of offering travelers a place to sleep, they have different features. Take their origin as an example, hotels appear much earlier than motels, which stem from the necessity to accommodate highway motorists. Another slight difference is that hotels are intended for longer stays and motels for shorter stops. It's up to the travelers to decide which one they prefer.
2
一、阅读理解
1. One of the most famous buildings in the United States is Carnegie Hall, the home of classical and popular music concerts in New York. Carnegie Hall is known not just for its beauty and history, but also for its amazing sound. It has been said that the hall itself is an instrument. It takes the music and makes it larger than life.
Carnegie Hall is named after Andrew Carnegie, who paid for its construction. Construction on Carnegie Hall began in 1890 and the official opening night was on May 5, 1891.
The hall was owned by the Carnegie family until 1924 when it was sold to Robert E. Simon. The building became very old and in 1960, the new owner made plans to destroy it and build an office block. Isaac Stem led a group of people who fought to save Carnegie Hall and finally, the city of New York bought it for $5 million. It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.
Advertisements and stories in newspapers about how Carnegie Hall needed help to recover its history led people to send in old conceit programmes and information from all over the world. Over 12,000 concert programmes were received and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Hall's concert history.
Carnegie Hall is actually made up of several different halls, but the Main Hall, now called the Isaac Stem Hall, is the most famous. The hall itself can hold an audience of 2,804 in five levels of seating.
Because the best and most famous musicians of all time have played at Carnegie Hall, it is the dream of most musicians who want to be great to play there. This has led to a very old joke which is now part of Carnegie Hall's history. Question: "How do I get to Carnegie Hall " Answer: "Practise, practise, practise."
1. How did Carnegie Hall recover its concert history
A. Through newspaper reports.
B. Through old concert programmes.
C. Through old photographs.
D. Through an old joke.
2. How long did it take Carnegie Hall to be fixed up
A. 9 years. B. 10 years.
C. 11 years. D. 12 years.
3. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. The History of Carnegie Hall
B. The Best Musician Having Played in Carnegie Hall
C. A Joke about Carnegie Hall
D. The Dream of Most Musicians
2. In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts. Even the word "Britain" is Celtic(凯尔特语). Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called "castra". This is why there are so many place names in England which end in "-Chester" or "-caster"—Manchester, for example.
The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic. For example, Welsh place names that begin with "Llan" come from the Celtic word for church.
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland. The names of their villages often ended in "-ham" or "-ton". Some got their names from the leader of the village. So Birmingham, for example, means "Beormund's village".
The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (the village on a hill—a good place to build a village) and Moreton (the village by a lake, where floods could make life hard). Place names that end in "-ford" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.
Finally, in 1066, England became Norman—the Normans gave us the place name "grange'', which means iarm.
And how about London Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium but they were not the first inhabitants(居民). People once believed that the United Kingdom's capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.
1. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of _____.
A. the death of local languages
B. the long lost history of the names
C. their lack of interest in it
D. the frequent changes to the names
2. According to the article, Stratford is most likely a town _____.
A. on a hill B. near a castle
C. beside a river D. with a church
3. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain
A. The Celts-The Romans-The Normans-The Anglo Saxons
B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—The Normans
C. The Romans-The Celts-The Anglo Saxons-The Normans
D. The Romans-The Anglo Saxons-The Celts-The Normans
4.What does London mean in Celtic
A. River. B. Londinium. C. Lud. D. Castle.
3. Carol: I started playing the cello(大提琴) when I was about eight or nine. It was great to play the cello because I was in the Youth Orchestra and we went abroad on tour. But anyway, when I got into university, I stopped playing it. Well, there was just no time and there were so many other things to do. Luckily, I took it up after my 25th birthday and joined a band.
Daniel: When I was young, I thought I'd end up learning the guitar like my father, but later I decided that I wanted to have my own instrument, so I chose the trumpet(小号). I'm in the school jazz band and I'd like to be a musician when I grow up, but my dad says it's difficult to make a living from music. But I don't want to be a lawyer like him. It's so boring.
Carmen: Nobody likes living near someone like me because when I practise, I make a lot of noise! But I have to keep practising, don't I Otherwise it gets more and more difficult. The trouble is, in summer, when it's hot, I have to open the window, so the whole street gets to hear it if I'm not careful. I love playing the drums and I play them in a fantastic band.
Vince: I've played the guitar for as long as I can remember, but when I was trying to make it as a musician after school, I used to play in the underground in London to make a bit of extra money. I kept on playing, but I ran a restaurant to make a living. When I get any spare time, I still play. I've got a few friends who like music as well and we have formed a band.
1. Why did Carol once give up playing the cello
A. Because she couldn't go abroad to play it.
B. Because she turned to other instruments.
C. Because she found it boring to play it all day.
D. Because she couldn't spare any time to play it.
2. What do we know about Daniel
A. He plays the trumpet.
B. He is good at playing the guitar.
C. His father pushes him to be a lawyer.
D. His father gives him a lot of help.
3. What is the trouble that Carmen is facing
A. She cannot play well in public.
B. Playing the drums bothers others.
C. The street is so noisy in summer.
D. It's hard to keep practising in summer.
4. Why did Vince start restaurant business
A. To make a living. B. To form a band.
C. To make friends. D. To share music.
4. Some of Vincent van Gogh's most famous works are his sunflower series. He painted a total of twelve of these canvases(油画), although the most commonly referred to are the seven he painted while in Arles in 1888 1889. He had painted the other five while in Paris in 1887.
While Vincent himself never actually stated why he liked the sunflowers in particular, references to them are made in his many letters, which help give us some ideas. In a letter to his sister dated 21 August 1888, he talked of his friend Gauguin coming to live with him in Arles. Then he went on to say that he would like to decorate the whole studio with nothing but sunflowers.
Vincent had quite an attachment to the flowers personally. In the year before his death he wrote to his brother, "It is a kind of painting that rather changes in character, and takes on a richness the longer you look at it… You know the peony (牡丹) is Jeannin's, the hollyhock(蜀葵) belongs to Quost, but the sunflower is somewhat my own." In many of his letters he spoke glowingly(热心地) of the richness of colour that he saw in the sunflowers, and his desire to paint them quickly before they faded.
But whether Vincent painted the sunflowers because he was trying to please Gauguin, or because he really loved the sunflowers for themselves as they brought him joy in colour, he certainly left us works of art to enjoy.
1._______ showed that Vincent liked the sunflowers best.
A.His many letters B.12 canvases C.The hollyhock D.The peony
2.The best title of this passage would probably be _________.
A.Vincent van Gogh's Famous Works B.Vincent van Gogh Really Loved Sunflowers
C.Vincent van Gogh Was Kind to His Friend D.Vincent van Gogh's Really Interesting Life
3.According to Vincent van Gogh's letters we can know that ________.
A.Gauguin was Vincent van Gogh's close friend
B.Vincent would like to live with Gauguin all the time
C.Vincent's studio was full of sunflowers every day
D.Gauguin was clearly interested in sunflowers
4.We can know from the third paragraph that ________.
A.some sunflowers belong to Vincent van Gogh
B.sunflowers are more beautiful than hollyhock
C.Vincent liked the colour of the sunflowers best
D.Vincent liked painting all kinds of flowers
二、七选五
If you feel depressed(消沉的), it's best to do something about it—depression doesn't just go away on its own. In addition to getting help from a doctor, here are four things you can do to feel better.
Exercise. Take a 15-to-30-minute walk every day—or dance and bike if you prefer. ①_____ But make yourself do it anyway. Once you get in the exercise habit, it won't take long to notice a difference in your mood.
Provide yourself with good nutrition. Depression can affect appetite(食欲). One person may not feel like eating at all, but another might overeat. ②_____ So eat plenty of fruits and vegetables and get regular meals (even if you don't feel hungry, try to eat something light, like a piece of fruit, to keep you going).
Find out troubles. ③_____ When you know what's got you feeling blue and why, talk about it with a caring friend. Talking is a way to receive some understanding. If there's no one to tell, pouring your heart out to a journal works just as well.
④_____ Depression affects a person's thoughts, making everything seem unhappy and hopeless. If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life. Try to notice one thing, and then try to think of one more. Consider your strengths or gifts.
Most of all, don't forget to be patient with yourself. ⑤_____
A. Look on the bright side.
B. Take action to solve problems.
C. Depression takes time to heal.
D. Proper nutrition can affect a person's mood and energy.
E. People who are depressed may not feel much like being active.
F. Try to make out any situations that have contributed to your depression.
G. With depression, a person's creativity and sense of fun may seem blocked.
三、完形填空
It's amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.
We have a 1 school of about 30 students. It is really full of competition and pressure as most of the kids get good 2 . It's good except that a lot of us middle kids felt really 3 , We got the feeling that we were so selfish—it's every man for himself.
4 , my friend and I set out to find a way to 5 the culture. We thought doing things for others was the only way to 6 our depression(沮丧) about school.
On the first day of school we put a 7 folded into a heart into one of the students' lockers with a piece of paper that 8 , "Buy yourself a snack." We didn't know the 9 it would have.
People went 10 over it and everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and 11 that they should do something too. Lots of other people have started sharing 12 now too: chocolate bars, cookies and money left 13 in the vending machine (自动售货机).
Now I actually expect to go to school to have the chance to 14 people up. If anybody is struggling with being 15 at school and work, I totally suggested doing acts of kindness.
1. A. small B. large C. lovely D. terrible
2. A. grades B. books C. results D. teachers
3. A. interested B. satisfied C. pressured D. embarrassed
4. A. In return B. In charge C. In response D. In anger
5. A. realize B. enrich C. swap D. change
6. A. deal with B. live with C. come up with D. keep up with
7. A. paper B. gift C. dollar D. ticket
8. A. wrote B. said C. told D. printed
9. A. problem B. opinion C. effect D. attitude
10. A. wild B. sad C. angry D. peaceful
11. A. regretting B. disagreeing C. doubting D. deciding
12. A. happiness B. selfishness C. kindness D. sadness
13. A. by accident B. as usual C. in surprise D. on purpose
14. A. bring B. cheer C. speed D. hold
15. A. ignored B. concerned C. confused D. depressed
四、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Beihong was a Chinese painter born in Yixing, Jiangsu province. He was ①_________(primary) known for his Chinese ink paintings of horses and birds and was one of the first Chinese ②_________ (art) to clearly tell people the need for artistic ③_________ (express) that reflected a modern China ④_________ the beginning of the 20th century.
⑤_________ (regard) as one of the first to create monumental oil paintings with epic Chinese themes, Xu Beihong showed to the world his ability to be ⑥_________ (skill) at Western art technique.
Xu Beihong was a master of ⑦_________ oils and Chinese ink. Most of his works, ⑧_________, were in the Chinese traditional style. In his efforts ⑨_________ (create) a new form of national art, he combined Chinese brush and ink techniques ⑩_________ Western perspective and methods of composition.
五、
1、假如你是某中学的学生李华,请你给校委员会写一封信, 就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由,内容包括:
1. 建议开办一个校园艺术画廊,展示在校学生自己的作品;
2. 画廊可以给学生提供一个展示自我的平台,丰富学生的知识、传播校园文化。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2、阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Whether you've looking for a quick hotel in the city or a isolated resort in the tropics, where you choose to stay can make or break your vacation experience. But even the most seasoned travelers may not know the difference between the two main types of homes-away-from-home. Besides their first letter, is there any real difference between hotels and motels
These two types of lodging(寄宿) have the same basic purpose—a place for travelers to sleep—but there are plenty of features that set them apart. For instance, they came to be for different reasons, and at very different times. The word "hotel" dates back to the 1600s and comes from a French word, hotel. That word, just like the English one, referred to a place that provides lodging, meals, entertainment, and other services for travelers.
Motels, on the other hand, are a much more recent—and pretty much exclusively American—lodging option. This word dates back to the 1920s and combines the words "hotel" and "motor". As America's major highway system developed, so did motels, filling the need for roadside stops for motorists traveling cross-country.
There are also some smaller differences that can help you figure out which type of place you've in. Hotels tend to be built for longer stays, while motels are geared more for one-or-two-night stops along a journey. Because of this, hotels are much more likely to have offerings like lounges, gyms, and entertainment.
So, in the end, it comes down to what you want from your trip and from your lodging. Want the place you stay to be just as much a part of your travel experience as anything else Opt for a hotel. Just need a place to pop in and out of to shower and sleep A motel might be the better choice.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3 BDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Over 12, 000 concert programmes were received and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Hall's concert history.可知选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.可知修复时间持续12年。
3.主旨大意题。通过阅读文章，可知这篇文章主要讲了卡内基音乐厅的历史与辉煌，故选A。
2.答案：1-4 BCBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的…but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however，has a long history.可知，曼彻斯特、牛津和伯明翰的大多数人都无法解释其城市名称的含义，是因为英国每个城镇都有着悠久的历史。
2.推理判断题。根据第五段中的Place names that end in “-ford”(a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.可推理出-ford的名字是和河流有关的。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Two thousand years ago， most people living in Britain were Celts.可知The Celts为第一批到达英国的居民；由第二段中的Then the Romans arrived…可知The Romans为第二批；由第四段中的After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland.可知The Anglo-Saxons 为第三批；由倒数第二段 Finally, in 1066， England became Norman…可知The Normans为最后一批。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river.可知，最好的猜测是伦敦这个名字来自凯尔特语，意思是一条湍急的河流。
3.答案：1-4 DABA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知，Carol放弃拉大提琴是因为抽不出时间来练习。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“so I chose the trumpet”可知，Daniel吹小号。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Carmen练习敲鼓打扰了其他人。故选B项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Vince为了谋生而经营一家餐厅。故选A项。
4.答案：1-4.ABAC
解析：语篇解读:本文介绍著名画家梵高绘画中最典型的有关向日葵的作品,文中还提及梵高对向日葵情有独钟的原因。
1.解析:细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句可知,梵高的一些信件表明他最喜爱向日葵。
2.解析:主旨大意题。本文介绍了画家梵高喜欢向日葵的事实,作者引入了若干证据加以说明。
3.解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的"he talked of his friend Gauguin coming to live with him in Arles",再结合梵高用向日葵装饰房间以迎接朋友可以推知Gauguin是他的好朋友。
4.解析:推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可以推知他尤其喜欢向日葵的颜色。
二、
答案：①-⑤ EDFAC
解析：①根据下文“But make yourself do it anyway.(尽管如此，还是让你自己去做吧）”可知，此处与之形成转折关系。由此可知，E项“People who are depressed may not feel much like being active.(抑郁的人可能不太想活动）”符合文意。故选E。
②根据上文“Provide yourself with good nutrition.(给自己提供好的营养）”可知，此处与nutrition“营养”有关。由此可知，D项“Proper nutrition can affect a person's mood and energy.(适当的营养可以影响一个人的情绪和能量）”符合文意。故选D。
③根据上文“Find out troubles.(找出问题）”可知，此处指找出问题所在。由此可知，F项“Try to make out any situations that have contributed to your depression.(试着找出任何导致你抑郁的情况）”符合文意。故选F。
④根据下文“If depression has you noticing only the negative, make an effort to notice the good things in life.(如果抑郁让你只注意到消极的一面，那就努力去发现生活中好的一面）”可知，此处指要看到事物积极的一面。由此可知，A项“Look on the bright side.”符合文意。故选A。
⑤根据上文“Most of all，don't forget to be patient with yourself.(最重要的是，不要忘记对自己有耐心）”可知，此处指消除压抑情绪需要一段时间。由此可知，C项“Depression takes time to heal.(抑郁需要时间来治愈）”符合文意。故选C。
三、
答案：1-5 AACCD 6-10 ACBCA 11-15 DCDBD
解析：1.我们的学校很小（small)，只有大约30个学生。根据30 students可知，这个学校不大，故选A。large大的； lovely可爱的； terrible可怕的。
2.学校里确实充满了竞争和压力，因为大多数孩子得到了高分（grade)，努力成为最优秀的学生。成为优秀的学生，首先要有高分，故选A。book书籍; result结果; teacher教师。
3.除了我们很多中等水平的孩子们感到真的有压力(pressured)外，这种追求是好的。根据前句中的competition and pressure可知，大家的压力很大，故选C。interested感兴趣的； satisfied满意的； embarrassed尴尬的。
4.作为回应（in response)，朋友和我开始寻找改变这种文化的方式。面对这种紧张局面，作者和他的朋友想做一下改变，故选C。in return作为报答； in charge负责； in anger 愤怒之下。
5.根据下文作者他们所做的事情可知，他们想改变(change)这种只注重竞争的局面，故选D。realize实现； enrich丰富； swap交换。
6.“我们”认为，为别人做点什么是解决（deal with)同学们在校期间情绪抑郁的唯一办法。根据下文可知，通过这种方式，同学们都开始做好事了，故选A。live with与……生活在一起；come up with想出； keep up with赶上。
7.开学第一天，“我们”把一美元（dollar)折叠成心形放进一位同学的橱柜里，附带着一张纸条，上面写着“给自己买一包零食”。根据“Buy yourself a snack.”并结合文章第一句中的dollar可知，选C。paper纸； gift礼物； ticket票。
8.纸条上写着（say)“给自己买一包零食”。此处表示纸条上提供信息或指示，故选B。write写； tell告诉; print印刷。
9.“我们”不知道这么做会有什么效果（effect)。根据下文“People went _____ over it and everyone...”可知，这么做的效果非常好。故选C。problem问题； opinion意见； attitude 态度。
10.大家为这件事发狂（wild)了。根据everyone was talking about可知，这件事引起了不小的轰动，故选A。sad悲伤的； angry愤怒的； peaceful和平的。
11.每个人都在谈论这件好事可能是谁做的，并且决定（decide)他们也要做点什么。根据下文“Lots of other people have started sharing...”可知，大家决定也要为别人做好事，故选D。regret后悔； disagree不同意； doubt怀疑。
12.其他人也开始做好事（kindness)了：巧克力条、甜饼，还有故意放在自动售货机上的钱。根据前文的doing the acts of kindness可知，选C。happiness快乐； selfishness自私； sadness伤心。
13.有的同学为了做好事而故意（on purpose)把钱放在自动售货机上，故选D。by accident偶然； as usual像往常一样； in surprise惊讶地。
14.现在“我”非常希望去学校，以便有机会让人们高兴起来（cheer)。作者的初衷就是改变严肃的竞争局面，让同学们开心在学校学习，故选B。bring up抚育; speed up加速; hold up 举起。
15.如果还有人在学校里或工作中与抑郁（depressed)做斗争的话，“我”完全建议去做好事。根据前文doing things for others was the only way to _____ our depression about school可知，选D。ignored被忽视的； concerned担忧的； confused困惑的。
四、答案：primarily ; artists ; expressions ; at ; Regarded ; skilled ; both ; however ; to create ; with
解析：①解析:本空修饰known,需用副词。
②解析:理解句意可知,本空指的是艺术家。
③解析:介词和形容词artistic后面应该跟名词。
④解析:固定短语at the beginning of“在……开始的时候”。
⑤解析:过去分词短语作状语,句子的主语Xu Beihong是该动作的承受者。
⑥解析:形容词短语be skilled at“精通……;擅长……”。
⑦解析:固定短语both...and...。
⑧解析:理解句意可知,上下文之间的逻辑关系是转折关系。
⑨ 解析:名词句型an effort to do sth. 。
⑩解析:动词句型combine sth. with sth. ,表示“他把中国的笔墨技术和西方的透视和绘画方式结合起来”。
五、
1.答案：
Dear Committee members,
I wish to make a suggestion about starting a school art gallery.
There are many students who are good at painting in our school. The school art gallery can provide these students with a very good platform to display their own paintings, offer them a chance to admire the artistic achievements and the development of school culture as well as widen their knowledge. If you were to offer such an opportunity to the students who are fond of art, I believe they would give you a big surprise.
I would be more than happy if my suggestion could be considered.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
2.答案：
Motels and hotels have real differences other than their first letter in spelling. Although serving the same purpose of offering travelers a place to sleep, they have different features. Take their origin as an example, hotels appear much earlier than motels, which stem from the necessity to accommodate highway motorists. Another slight difference is that hotels are intended for longer stays and motels for shorter stops. It's up to the travelers to decide which one they prefer.
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