北京市朝阳区三年（2020-2022）高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-03语法填空（含答案）
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| 名称 | 北京市朝阳区三年（2020-2022）高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-03语法填空（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-04-21 09:08:43 | ||
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北京市朝阳区三年（2020-2022）高考英语模拟试题分题型分层汇编-03语法填空
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A new study, ___1___ (lead) by Wellesley Centers, found that joining social media before age 11 was significantly related to more “problematic digital behaviors”, compared to those who joined the platforms when they were older. Kids who joined social media before age 11 seemed ___2___(easily) distracted and more unsympathetic. However, they showed greater engagement within the online community. The good news is that parents play an active role and kids showed lessened negative effects ___3___ parental controls. With strong effects of the Internet, we can expect that the need to understand ___4___technology shapes kids in their young ages will become more urgent.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A panda-themed coffee shop at the Beijing Zoo ____5____ (become) popular among visitors since its opening on February 1st. Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee ____6____ taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda. The images of the cute animal can be seen all over the coffee shop. Panda Post is welcomed by panda fans at the Chengdu Panda Base too, ____7____ people can purchase panda-themed items ranging from stamps, postcards, refrigerator magnets, envelopes, toys to other souvenirs.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
____8____ has recently amused netizens was the sight of a different kind of the dog on the sidewalks of Shanghai — robotic dogs in one short video ____9____ (upload) on social media. Named Go1, the robot was launched by Chinese start-up Unitree in June 2021. The robot ____10____ (cost) about 16,000 yuan and is capable of running at a speed of 4.7 meters per second. Other two models are for industrial purposes such as 3D mapping, security, and power check. They are sold online for around 300,000 and 100,000 yuan ____11____ (respective).
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Years ago, I was in Manhattan to visit my brother. Stopping at a pay phone to call him, I reached into my wallet for a piece of paper with his number on it. Later, when I got to my brother’s place, he told me a woman just called him, saying she ___12___ （find） a wallet. But she didn’t find anything___13___ could show the owner’s identification but the phone number inside. Knowing she ___14___（wait） at a bar near the pay phone, I hurried over and found my hero. “May I buy you a drink ” I asked. “No, thanks, ” she said, handing me my wallet.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
We know that ___15___（get） some fresh air can be a mood lifter, but now a German study gives us insight into why. When researchers examined participants’ brains, they discovered that those who spent more time outside had a larger volume of gray matter in the right prefrontal cortex-the area involved in planning thoughts and actions. Of course, getting outside could do more good than a mood shift ___16___ earlier studies have found that less prefrontal gray matter is linked to depression. Therefore, make it a goal ___17___（spend） at least one hour outside every day.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing is home to more than 3,000 years of charming history. As a keen photographer, I take every opportunity ____18____ (explore) the capital and record everything I discovered ____19____ my lens, from hutongs to imperial palaces. But for all its ancient wonders, Beijing is also a place that fully embraces the fast-paced development of modern life, with soaring 21st century architectural wonders ____20____ (stand) alongside the cultural relics of the past.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you take music and art classes These classes, which are part of a group of classes often ___21___ (know) as arts education, allow students to learn new things in a creative way. Many people believe arts education _____22_____(play) an important part in the lives of students. However, when schools need to save money, music and art programs____23____(cut) in most cases. This is because some people believe they matter less than other classes. Different opinions about music and art can affect the future of arts education, so it’s important to understand these points of view.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends—that’s a main attraction of the Olympics. That’s _______24_______ athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is______25______ victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s what makes the Olympics________26________ (attract).
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The name of Sorrento, a coastal town in Italy, had been put deep in my soul for a long time, mainly through hearing various_____27_____(performance) of the song “Come back to Sorrento”. After consideration, I finally_____28_____(pay) a visit to Sorrento during the summer vacation. The town was considerably popular for American weddings and traditional food. One evening, while____29____(wander) on the street, I was attracted by a house. A proud citizen told me that was the restaurant____30____Sophia Loren, the famous actress, once dined. Perhaps what impressed me most about Sorrento was their lemons. The fruit provided the raw materials for lemon soaps on sale everywhere.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parents these days seem to protect their children more than ever before. And yet the truth is that children must ___31___ (give) the opportunity to take risks in order to aid their development. By the time a child becomes an adult, he needs to learn ___32___ they can deal with the success and failure connected with risk-taking. It is a real shame that nowadays there are many children ___33___ (miss) out on typical childhood activities such as tree climbing. That is mostly because of their parents’ fear of ___34___ (injure), especially as many of those parents may have enjoyed such activities when they were growing up.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rubbish and litter is not just a problem in the countryside-our cities and towns also suffer. The Big Tidy Up was started in 2008 and volunteers in the UK ___35___(collect) more than 50,000 bags of litter in streets and parks up to now. Many schools organise events in September ___36___(tidy) up their areas. They get help with special jackets, so they are safe when they clean up. The project aims to get bigger each year and get more people to take responsibility for their ___37___(community).
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Evan is a wildlife photographer. Once, two tigers ___38___ (run) past him, stopped a meter away from his truck and began to fight. He was too afraid to photograph them. Another time in Namibia, one lion came even ___39___ (close). It went all the way round his truck. Then it got up on the back and looked at him ___40___ the window, which was one of his happiest moments. Evan’s pictures make people think about animals in danger, which matters a great deal to him.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Many people like travelling abroad. The extra money ____41____ (bring) in can be of great benefit to these countries. However, tourism has not been good news for the environment. First, transporting millions of tourists to their holiday destinations ____42____ (pollute) the air and the seas. Secondly, some beautiful landscapes are destroyed forever due to the newly-built hotels. And finally, fresh water supplies are running low ____43____ tourists consume much water. To conclude, I think tourism has a lot of negative consequences on nature. If we want our planet to be a ____44____ (health) place, we need to travel less.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you have been fishing, you know how hard it is to catch a really big fish. One reason is that it is difficult to find the exact position of the fish. The other reason is that big fish won’t just jump in the boat once they ____45____ (locate). Years ago, a man named Alf Dean ____46____ (overcome) both difficulties. Dean went fishing off the coast of South Australia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is ____47____ (big) fish ever caught by a single person.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. ____48____ confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions ____49____ (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of ____50____ (picture) to help you understand.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考模拟预测）
In the last seven days I have seen the pressure that the NHS is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the ___51___(cook), the health care workers of every description-physios, radiographers ___52___have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, kept ___53___(risk) this deadly virus. It is thanks to that courage, that devotion, that duty and that love that our NHS has been unbeatable.
The Arctic Ocean in summer will very likely be ice free before 2050, at least temporally. The research team ___54___ (analyze) recent results from 40 different climate models. Using these models, the researchers considered the future evolution of Arctic sea ice cover in a scenario with high future CO2 emissions and little climate protection. As ___55___(expect), Arctic sea ice disappeared quickly in summer in these simulations.
However, the new study finds that Arctic summer sea ice also disappears occasionally if CO2 emissions are ___56___(rapid) reduced.
In order to understand___57___ bird brains changed, a team of 37 scientists used CT scan data to create endocasts(内腔)of hundreds of birds and dinosaurs, which the___58___(combine)with a large existing database of brain measurements from modern birds.
They then analyzed brain-body allometry (体形变). “There is no clear line ___59___the brains of advanced dinosaurs and primitive birds,”_____60_____(note) co-author Dr. Amy Balanoff of Johns Hopkins University." Birds like pigeons have the same brains sizes you would expect for a dinosaur of the same body size, and in fact some species like moa(恐鸟) have smaller-than-expected brains.”
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The European Parliament(议会)voted for ___61___( cancel) the summer time by 2021. The next step is to discuss the issue with EU countries.
The current law ___62___( make) EU countries move their clocks forwards on the last Sunday in March and move them backwards on the last Sunday in October.
Some people say that the summer time saves energy, ___63___ the European commission (委员会) says that the ___64___ (save) are small. Also, most people in the EU want to cancel the summer time.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A man called Andy set out for the Pacific Crest Trail, ___65___stretches from the borders of Mexico to Canada. He decided to take a selfie(自拍)every single mile along the 4,286-kilometre journey.
Andy created a time-lapse (延时的)video from his five-month hike and he was almost unrecognisable towards the end of the video一he had lost 23 kilograms.
___66___ (sad) , he never finished the journey, as he ___67___ (trap) by a snowstorm about 418 kilometres from the end.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A US astronaut, Christina Koch, spent 328 days in space, which is a record for a female astronaut. She completed her mission, landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.
Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied ___68___ people are able to live outside Earth. Her time in space allows researchers ___69___( study) the effects of a long-term spaceflight on the female body. NASA says the findings ___70___( help) the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life If you do, then you are a very lucky person. __71__ if not, then read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
It tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor, Morrie Schwartz. __72__ you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of __73__ (wise) about love, life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. As a beautiful tale __74__ (deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyone’s reading list.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With our graduation day around the corner, I was busy preparing presents for my friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only __75__ (find) a big box standing there. Approaching, I saw my name __76__ (write) on it. I was quite shocked when the box __77__ (open) and I saw “myself”, a vivid statue, sitting inside smiling up at me. I was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Analysis finds Earth’s magnetic(有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose.
Scientists think that having a magnetic field __78__ (make) Earth more friendly to life. The field, __79__ is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planet’s core, protects Earth __80__ energetic particles(粒子) flowing from the Sun. It helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This aging of the population is driven by two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large ____81____（compare） to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before. This is ___82___（especial） true in the US. The second reason is __83__ people are living longer. A child born in the US today has a very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
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试卷第9页，共9页
参考答案：
1．led 2．more easily 3．under
4．how
【导语】本文是说明文。一项新研究发现，与年龄较大时加入社交媒体的人相比，11岁前加入社交媒体的人与更多“有问题的数字行为”有显著关联。父母发挥积极的作用帮助了解技术如何在孩子的年轻时期塑造他们的需求将变得更加迫切。
1． 考查非谓语动词。句意：韦尔斯利中心(Wellesley Centers)领导的一项新研究发现，与年龄较大时加入社交媒体的人相比，11岁前加入社交媒体的人与更多“有问题的数字行为”有显著关联。分析句子可知，found是谓语动词，领导是非谓语动词。研究和领导是被动关系，用过去分词，故填led。
2． 考查副词比较级。句意：11岁之前加入社交媒体的孩子似乎更容易分心，也更缺乏同情心。根据and后面的more unsympathetic可知，前面也用比较级，副词修饰形容词，用副词比较级。故填more easily。
3．考查介词。句意：好消息是，父母发挥了积极的作用，孩子在父母管控的情况下消极影响在变小。本题考查介词词义考查，根据句意的理解。故填写under.
4．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：随着互联网的强大影响，我们可以预期，了解技术如何在孩子的年轻时期塑造他们的需求将变得更加迫切。动词后是宾语从句，宾语从句中用how表示“如何”，理解技术怎样塑造孩子。故填how。
5．has become
6．while/after 7．where
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来，受到了游客们的欢迎以及其原因。
5．考查时态。句意：北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来，一直深受游客欢迎。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“since its opening on February 1st”可知，句子用现在完成时态，主语为单数，所以要用has become。故填has become。
6．考查连词。句意：游客可以一边喝咖啡，一边与中国国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念。分析语境可知，空处需要while“与…同时”引导时间状语从句，当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略从句中的主语加be动词，全句为“Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee while they are taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda.”，所以省略主语they和are。或者表示行为发生的先后顺序，使用after表示与国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念之后，可喝咖啡。故填while/after。
7．考查定语从句。句意：在成都熊猫基地，熊猫邮报也受到熊猫爱好者的欢迎，人们可以在那里购买熊猫主题的物品，从邮票、明信片、冰箱磁铁、信封、玩具到其他纪念品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Chengdu Panda Base，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
8．What 9．uploaded 10．costs 11．respectively
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了上海街道上出现的机器狗的情况。
8．考查主语从句的连接词。句意：最近让网友们感到有趣的是，在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。根据句子结构，句子的谓语动词是was，was前为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，应用连接词what，句首时首字母大写。故填What。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近让网友们感到有趣的是，在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。此处考查非谓语动词，设空处前short video，upload与该名词为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填uploaded。
10．考查时态。句意：该机器人造价约1.6万元，能够以每秒4.7米的速度奔跑。句中连词and连接两个并列谓语，is是一般现在时，cost用一般现在时表示在陈述一个客观事实。应用一般现在时。故填costs。
11．考查副词。句意：它们在网上的售价分别为30万元和10万元左右。设空处考查副词，作状语。respective的副词为respectively，意为“分别地”。故填respectively。
12．had found 13．that 14．was waiting
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去曼哈顿看望哥哥，不慎将钱包丢失。幸亏一位女士发现钱包并设法找到作者，作者想表示感谢，但女士拒绝了。
12．考查时态。句意：后来，当我到我哥哥家时，他告诉我刚刚有个女人打电话给他，说她发现了一个钱包。从句的时态发生在主句动作told之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had found。
13．考查时态。句意：但除了里面的电话号码，她没有找到任何能显示失主身份的东西。句中先行词为不定代词anything，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that引导。故填that。
14．考查时态。句意：我知道她正在公用电话旁的酒吧等着我，就赶紧过去，找到了我心目中的英雄。结合句意可知，表示过去正在做某事，所以用过去进行时。故填was waiting。
15．getting 16．because 17．to spend
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅的原因。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅，但现在德国的一项研究让我们了解了其中的原因。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填getting。
16．考查连词。句意：当然，外出可能比情绪转变更有益，因为早些时候的研究发现，前额叶灰质较少与抑郁有关。根据“getting outside could do more good than a mood shift”可知，后句解释“外出可能比情绪转变更有益”的原因，所以用连词because。故填because。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，把每天至少花一个小时在户外作为一个目标。句子it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式。故填to spend。
18．to explore 19．through 20．standing
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢通过镜头记录北京历史与现代的融合。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影爱好者，我抓住每一个机会探索首都，通过镜头记录下我发现的一切，从胡同到皇宫。take every opportunity to do sth.抓住每个机会做某事。故填to explore。
19．考查介词。句意：作为一名摄影爱好者，我抓住每一个机会探索首都，通过镜头记录下我发现的一切，从胡同到皇宫。名词my lens前用介词形式。介词through为“通过，凭借”之意。故填through。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：但除了这些古老的奇迹，北京也是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方，高耸的21世纪建筑奇迹与过去的文化遗迹并存。介词with后宾语architectural wonders与stand之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填standing。
21．known 22．plays 23．are cut
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了艺术教育的重要性。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些课程是一组通常被称为艺术教育的课程的一部分，它允许学生以一种创造性的方式学习新事物。be known as为固定短语，意为“被称为”，句子已有谓语动词are，空处需填过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
22．考查动词时态。句意：许多人认为艺术教育在学生的生活中起着重要的作用。believe后面是省略了that的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为arts education，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
23．考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，当学校需要省钱时，音乐和艺术课程在大多数情况下被削减。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语music and art programs和cut为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为music and art programs，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are cut。
24．why 25．beyond 26．attractive
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了运动员要具备奥林匹克精神。
24．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么运动员们会给他们的竞争对手送上最好的祝福，即使他们自己输了。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。
25．考查介词。句意：在奥运会上，来自其他选手的拥抱常被展现出来，因为真正的奥林匹克精神超越胜利，超越国界。根据句意可知，此处表达“超越胜利，超越国界”。表示“超越”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。
26．考查形容词。句意：这就是奥运会的魅力所在。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填形容词attractive作宾语补足语。故填attractive。
27．performances 28．paid 29．wandering 30．where
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在意大利海滨小镇索伦托旅行的故事。
27．考查名词的数。句意：意大利海滨小镇索伦托的名字早已深入我心，主要是通过听《回到索伦托》这首歌的各种演出。performance是可数名词，由various修饰，用名词复数形式做动词hear的宾语。故填performances。
28．考查时态。句意：经过深思熟虑，我终于在暑假去了索伦托。此处缺乏谓语，结合全文时态可知，事情已发生，pay时态用一般过去时。故填paid。
29．考查时间状语从句省略句和现在分词。句意：一天晚上，我在街上闲逛时，被一栋房子吸引了。“当某人做某事时”用while引导时间状语从句，从句中用进行时，通篇时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是过去进行时was wandering，又因时间状语从句的主语I和主句主语I一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语I和be动词，因此空格处是现在分词wandering，表主动进行。故填wandering。
30．考查定语从句关系词。句意：一位自豪的市民告诉我，著名女演员索菲亚·罗兰曾经在那家餐厅用餐。此处是定语从句，先行词是the restaurant，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
31．be given 32．how 33．missing 34．injury
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为如今的父母似乎比以往任何时候都更加保护自己的孩子，但事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。
31．考查被动语态和情态动词用法。句意：然而，事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。动词give和主语children构成被动关系，在情态动词must后应用动词原形。故填be given。
32．考查宾语从句。句意：当一个孩子长大成人后，他需要学习如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败。在宾语从句中，不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据learn可知，此处是指如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败，应用连接副词how表示“如何”。故填how。
33．考查现在分词。句意：现在有许多孩子错过了像爬树这样典型的童年活动，这是一件令人遗憾的事情。动词miss意为“错过”，和逻辑主语children构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填missing。
34．考查名词。句意：这主要是因为他们的父母害怕受伤，尤其是这些父母在成长过程中可能已经享受过这样的活动。在of后作宾语应用名词injury表示“伤害”。故填injury。
35．have collected 36．to tidy 37．communities
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。 该项目旨在让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。
35．考查动词时态。句意：“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。根据后文“up to now”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为volunteers，助动词用have。故填have collected。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。分析句子结构可知，tidy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to tidy。
37．考查名词的数。句意：该项目旨在每年扩大规模，让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。 community为可数名词，根据上文their可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填communities。
38．ran 39．closer 40．through
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。埃文是一名野生动物摄影师，他的照片能够让人们对濒危动物进行反思，这对他意义重大。文章讲述了埃文的两次有趣的拍摄经历。
38．考查一般过去时。句意：有一次，两只老虎从他身边跑过，停在离他的卡车一米远的地方，开始打架。根据once（曾经）可知，此处应用一般过去时，和下文的stopped以及began作为并列的谓语动词。故填ran。
39．考查比较级。句意：还有一次在纳米比亚，一只狮子更靠近了。在even后应用比较级。故填closer。
40．考查介词。句意：然后它爬上车后面，透过窗户看着他，这是他最快乐的时刻之一。根据“It went all the way round his truck”（它一直绕着他的卡车）可知，这只狮子在车外面，所以此处是指透过窗户看着他，应用介词through。故填through。
41．brought 42．pollutes 43．because 44．healthy
【解析】这是一篇议论文。虽然出国旅游会给这些国家带来好处，但是也会污染环境，作者认为为了保护环境，我们就需要少旅行。
41．考查过去分词。句意：额外带来的资金可以给这些国家带来巨大的利益。动词bring和主语money构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
42．考查主谓一致和一般现在时。句意：首先，将数百万游客运送到度假目的地会污染空气和海洋。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语transporting为动名词，第三人称单数。故填pollutes。
43．考查连词。句意：最后，由于游客消耗大量的水，淡水供应越来越少。“ tourists consume much water”是“fresh water supplies are running low”的原因，所以可用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
44．考查形容词。句意：如果我们想让我们的地球成为一个健康的地方，我们就需要少旅行。修饰名词place应用形容词。故填healthy。
45．are located 46．overcame 47．the biggest
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。抓到一条非常大的鱼是很难的，但是多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人抓到了迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。
45．考查一般现在时和被动语态。句意：另一个原因是大鱼一旦被找到不会直接跳上船。此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词locate和主语they构成被动关系。故填are located。
46．考查一般过去时。句意：多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人克服了这两个困难。根据“Years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填overcame。
47．考查形容词最高级。句意：这是迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。根据ever可知，此处是指迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼，应用形容词最高级。故填the biggest。
48．What 49．using 50．pictures
【解析】这是一篇说明文。所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍。
48．考查主语从句。句意：让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用。主语从句“confuses students”中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what。故填what。
49．考查现在分词。句意：学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子。动词use和逻辑主语other expressions构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
50．考查名词复数。句意：也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解。a range of后应用可数名词复数。故填pictures。
51．cooks 52．who 53．risking 54．has organized 55．expected 56．rapidly 57．how 58．combination 59．between 60．notes
【分析】此题是由三则故事组成的。第一则故事是英国首相鲍里斯治愈出院后的讲话。第二则是讲未来北冰洋的冰在夏天会消失。第三则讲的是探索鸟类的大脑是如何运作的。
51．考查名词单复数。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据句子the cleaners, the ___1___ (cook), the health care workers可知，这里是并列结构，并且前后都使用了名词的复数。所以这里cook也应该用复数形式。故填cooks。
52．考查定语从句。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。在这句话中先行词是workers工人。在定语从句里面，句子没有主语，所以先行词在句子中充当主语的成分，这里又是非限制性定语从句。故填who。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据前文kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way,可知，这里需要使用keep doing，来进行并列。故填risking。
54．考查时态。句意：这支研究团队通过对40个气候模型分析出了最近的研究成果。分析这个动作发生在过去，但是分析出来的结果对后面的研究起了影响。也就是说发生在过去对现在造成了影响，所以要用现在完成时。主语team又是单数。故填has organized。
55．考查省略句。句意：正如预期那样，在这种刺激下北冰洋的冰在夏季会快速消失。这里应该是北冰洋里的冰，正如预期那样。冰和预期为被动关系，所以完整的句子as it is expected，it指代北冰洋里的冰，和主句的主语相同且谓语动词为be动词，则状语从句中的主语和be动词就可以省略。故填expected。
56．考查副词。句意：如果二氧化碳的排放量可以迅速减少的话。这里表达的意思是排放迅速减少，迅速是来修饰减少的。而reduce又是动词词性，所以前面要用副词修饰。故填rapidly。
57．考查宾语从句。句意：为了理解鸟类的大脑是如何转变的。在这里从句跟在understand后作宾语就是宾语从句。change做不及动词，宾语从句为主谓结构。这里作方式，要表示“如何”这个含义。故填how。
58．考查名词。句意：这里有一个关于各种现代鸟类大脑测量的数据库。空格前是定冠词the，空格后又是with所带的后置定语，所以空格应该填名词形式。故答案填combination。
59．考查固定搭配。句意：在高级恐龙的大脑和原始鸟类的大脑之间，并无太大的区别。在这里要表达的意思是“在……之间”。这里只有恐龙和鸟类两者，则为固定搭配between…and。故填between。
60．考查时态。句意来自Hopkins University大学的Amy教授这样说道。在这个段落里面都使用的是一般现在时。而这句话中并无明显的时间状语标志，则应该与整段话一致。教授说这句话是主动关系，且主语是单数。故填notes。
61．canceling##cancelling 62．makes 63．but 64．savings
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章对欧洲议会投票决定在2021年前取消夏季夏令时的新闻进行了报道。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲议会投票决定在2021年前取消夏季夏令时。分析句子，提示词所处的简单句已经有动词。故cancel需要用非谓语动词。又因为放在介词后，所以需用doing形式。故填cancel(l)ing。
62．考查时态。句意：现行法律要求欧盟国家在3月的最后一个周日将时钟调快，在10月的最后一个周日将时钟调慢。分析句子，并列句中除了make外，无其余动词。故make需表示动词的时态。make所处并列句强调的是客观实在性且被the current laws(现行法律)修饰。所以需要用一般现在时。且和主语之间表示主动关系。故填makes。
63．考查连词。句意：有人说夏季时间节省能源，但欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的。分析句子，划线处前句表示“有人说夏季时间节省能源”，后句却说“欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的”。可以看出前后句表示转折。故填but。
64．考查名词。句意：但欧洲委员会说节省的是很小的。分析句子，提示词为动词，但but后面的句子缺are的主语。故需将save变为名词被the修饰。又因be动词用are。所以主语要表示复数。故填savings。
65．which 66．Sadly 67．was trapped##had been trapped
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了主人公Andy因暴风雪而未完成的一段旅行。
65．考查定语从句。句意：一个叫安迪的人出发前往太平洋克雷斯特小径，这条小径从墨西哥边境一直延伸到加拿大。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，后面的句子是先行词为Pacific Crest Trail的定语从句。定语从句部分缺主语，需用关系代词。先行词指物，故用which / that。又因 that 不引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
66．考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，他没有完成旅程。分析句子，提示词sad是形容词，不可修饰后面的句子。副词可有修饰句子。故填Sadly。
67．考查被动语态。句意：因为他在距离终点418公里的地方被暴风雪困住了。分析句子，as所处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故trap填动词的时态。又因为trap和逻辑主语之间表示被动，故用时态的被动。分析上文，文章的整体时态是过去时，所以填过去时的被动。故填was trapped。/分析句子，as所处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故trap填动词的时态。又因为trap和逻辑主语之间表示被动，故用时态的被动。根据句意，Andy应该是先被困住了后才没办法完成旅行。此处符合过去完成时的基本用法：过去的过去。故此处用过去完成时的被动。故填had been trapped。
68．if/whether 69．to study 70．will help
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述美国女宇航员Christina Koch完成了她在太空的328天。以及她在太空期间的研究价值。
68．考查名词性从句。句意：Koch完成了6次太空行走，她还做了一些实验来研究人类是否能够在地球之外生活。分析句子，设问处放在studied后，属于宾语从句。宾语从句部分不缺主语（people）和宾语（outside Earth）。故该空应填连接词或连接副词。通过分析句意，此处缺“是否”之意。故填if / whether。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：她在太空的经历使研究人员能够研究长期太空飞行对女性身体的影响。分析句子，该简单句中除了提示词外还有动词“allow”，故该提示词需填非谓语动词。又因为固定搭配：allow sb to do sth 译为“允许某人做某事”。故填to study。
70．考查时态。句意：美国宇航局表示，这些发现将有助于该机构未来的月球和火星任务。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故该处要填动词的时态。又因为句中有future missions（将来的任务）。是一般将来时的提示词。故填will help。
71．But 72．As/When/Once/If/After 73．wisdom 74．delivering
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《相约星期二》这本书的主要内容。
71．考查连词。根据空格前的“If you do…”和空格后的“if not…”可知，空格前后之间是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填But。
72．考查连词/介词。句意：你读了这本书，你将从一位死于卢格里格病的教授身上学到一些非常有意义的教训。根据空格后的句意和语境可知，此处可以用as“当……时”或when“当……时”或once“一旦”或if“如果”或after“……之后”。故填As/When/Once/If/After。
73．考查词性转换。介词of后接名词，所以此处用名词形式。故填wisdom。
74．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于一个美丽的故事传递许多关于生活的强有力的教训，这本书应该是每个人的阅读清单上的顶端。分析句子可知，该句的谓语动词是be，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词deliver与tale之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填delivering。
75．to find 76．written/was written 77．was opened/opened
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了即将毕业，“我”在给朋友们准备礼物，当“我”走进教室，却发现一个大箱子站在那里，里面是自己的雕像，这是对“我”来说最特别最珍贵的礼物了。
75．考查动词不定式。句意：像往常一样，我走进教室，却发现一个大箱子站在那里。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作结果状语；only to do sth.是一个比较特殊的不定式结构，常用于表示一种意想不到的结果。故填to find。
76．考查时态和语态/非谓语动词。此处动词write与其逻辑主语“name”之间是被动关系，所以可以用过去分词作后置定语；动词saw后可以加句子，根据全文的时态用一般过去时可知，此处也用一般过去时，所以此处也可以用was written。故填written/was written。
77．考查时态和语态。此处动词open与其逻辑主语“the box”之间是被动关系，根据全文的时态用一般过去时可知，此处也用一般过去时，所以此处可以用was opened，表示箱子被打开了；也可以理解为箱子主动开了，用open的主动形式，时态用一般过去时，即opened。故填was opened/opened。
78．makes 79．which 80．from
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了磁场对地球的好处。
78．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家认为有磁场使地球对生命更加友好。根据前面的“think”可知，时态用一般现在时；从句的主语“having a magnetic field”表单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
79．考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，且空格处在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该从句。故填which。
80．考查介词。protect…from...是固定短语，意为“保护……不受……”。故填from。
81．compared 82．especially 83．that
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人口老龄化是由两个原因造成的。
81．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。宾语从句的谓语的are large，且compare与逻辑主语是old generations之间是被动词关系，因此此处要用过去分词形式在句子中做状语。故填compared。
82．考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处要用副词修饰形容词true。故填especially。
83．考查表语从句的引导词。句意：第二个原因是人们的寿命变长了。根据系动词is可知此处是一个表语从句，从句people are living longer结构完整，不缺成分，因此要用that引导表语从句。故填that。
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一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A new study, ___1___ (lead) by Wellesley Centers, found that joining social media before age 11 was significantly related to more “problematic digital behaviors”, compared to those who joined the platforms when they were older. Kids who joined social media before age 11 seemed ___2___(easily) distracted and more unsympathetic. However, they showed greater engagement within the online community. The good news is that parents play an active role and kids showed lessened negative effects ___3___ parental controls. With strong effects of the Internet, we can expect that the need to understand ___4___technology shapes kids in their young ages will become more urgent.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A panda-themed coffee shop at the Beijing Zoo ____5____ (become) popular among visitors since its opening on February 1st. Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee ____6____ taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda. The images of the cute animal can be seen all over the coffee shop. Panda Post is welcomed by panda fans at the Chengdu Panda Base too, ____7____ people can purchase panda-themed items ranging from stamps, postcards, refrigerator magnets, envelopes, toys to other souvenirs.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
____8____ has recently amused netizens was the sight of a different kind of the dog on the sidewalks of Shanghai — robotic dogs in one short video ____9____ (upload) on social media. Named Go1, the robot was launched by Chinese start-up Unitree in June 2021. The robot ____10____ (cost) about 16,000 yuan and is capable of running at a speed of 4.7 meters per second. Other two models are for industrial purposes such as 3D mapping, security, and power check. They are sold online for around 300,000 and 100,000 yuan ____11____ (respective).
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Years ago, I was in Manhattan to visit my brother. Stopping at a pay phone to call him, I reached into my wallet for a piece of paper with his number on it. Later, when I got to my brother’s place, he told me a woman just called him, saying she ___12___ （find） a wallet. But she didn’t find anything___13___ could show the owner’s identification but the phone number inside. Knowing she ___14___（wait） at a bar near the pay phone, I hurried over and found my hero. “May I buy you a drink ” I asked. “No, thanks, ” she said, handing me my wallet.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
We know that ___15___（get） some fresh air can be a mood lifter, but now a German study gives us insight into why. When researchers examined participants’ brains, they discovered that those who spent more time outside had a larger volume of gray matter in the right prefrontal cortex-the area involved in planning thoughts and actions. Of course, getting outside could do more good than a mood shift ___16___ earlier studies have found that less prefrontal gray matter is linked to depression. Therefore, make it a goal ___17___（spend） at least one hour outside every day.
（2022·北京朝阳·校联考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing is home to more than 3,000 years of charming history. As a keen photographer, I take every opportunity ____18____ (explore) the capital and record everything I discovered ____19____ my lens, from hutongs to imperial palaces. But for all its ancient wonders, Beijing is also a place that fully embraces the fast-paced development of modern life, with soaring 21st century architectural wonders ____20____ (stand) alongside the cultural relics of the past.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you take music and art classes These classes, which are part of a group of classes often ___21___ (know) as arts education, allow students to learn new things in a creative way. Many people believe arts education _____22_____(play) an important part in the lives of students. However, when schools need to save money, music and art programs____23____(cut) in most cases. This is because some people believe they matter less than other classes. Different opinions about music and art can affect the future of arts education, so it’s important to understand these points of view.
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends—that’s a main attraction of the Olympics. That’s _______24_______ athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is______25______ victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s what makes the Olympics________26________ (attract).
（2022·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The name of Sorrento, a coastal town in Italy, had been put deep in my soul for a long time, mainly through hearing various_____27_____(performance) of the song “Come back to Sorrento”. After consideration, I finally_____28_____(pay) a visit to Sorrento during the summer vacation. The town was considerably popular for American weddings and traditional food. One evening, while____29____(wander) on the street, I was attracted by a house. A proud citizen told me that was the restaurant____30____Sophia Loren, the famous actress, once dined. Perhaps what impressed me most about Sorrento was their lemons. The fruit provided the raw materials for lemon soaps on sale everywhere.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Parents these days seem to protect their children more than ever before. And yet the truth is that children must ___31___ (give) the opportunity to take risks in order to aid their development. By the time a child becomes an adult, he needs to learn ___32___ they can deal with the success and failure connected with risk-taking. It is a real shame that nowadays there are many children ___33___ (miss) out on typical childhood activities such as tree climbing. That is mostly because of their parents’ fear of ___34___ (injure), especially as many of those parents may have enjoyed such activities when they were growing up.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rubbish and litter is not just a problem in the countryside-our cities and towns also suffer. The Big Tidy Up was started in 2008 and volunteers in the UK ___35___(collect) more than 50,000 bags of litter in streets and parks up to now. Many schools organise events in September ___36___(tidy) up their areas. They get help with special jackets, so they are safe when they clean up. The project aims to get bigger each year and get more people to take responsibility for their ___37___(community).
（2021·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Evan is a wildlife photographer. Once, two tigers ___38___ (run) past him, stopped a meter away from his truck and began to fight. He was too afraid to photograph them. Another time in Namibia, one lion came even ___39___ (close). It went all the way round his truck. Then it got up on the back and looked at him ___40___ the window, which was one of his happiest moments. Evan’s pictures make people think about animals in danger, which matters a great deal to him.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Many people like travelling abroad. The extra money ____41____ (bring) in can be of great benefit to these countries. However, tourism has not been good news for the environment. First, transporting millions of tourists to their holiday destinations ____42____ (pollute) the air and the seas. Secondly, some beautiful landscapes are destroyed forever due to the newly-built hotels. And finally, fresh water supplies are running low ____43____ tourists consume much water. To conclude, I think tourism has a lot of negative consequences on nature. If we want our planet to be a ____44____ (health) place, we need to travel less.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you have been fishing, you know how hard it is to catch a really big fish. One reason is that it is difficult to find the exact position of the fish. The other reason is that big fish won’t just jump in the boat once they ____45____ (locate). Years ago, a man named Alf Dean ____46____ (overcome) both difficulties. Dean went fishing off the coast of South Australia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is ____47____ (big) fish ever caught by a single person.
（2021·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. ____48____ confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions ____49____ (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of ____50____ (picture) to help you understand.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考模拟预测）
In the last seven days I have seen the pressure that the NHS is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the ___51___(cook), the health care workers of every description-physios, radiographers ___52___have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, kept ___53___(risk) this deadly virus. It is thanks to that courage, that devotion, that duty and that love that our NHS has been unbeatable.
The Arctic Ocean in summer will very likely be ice free before 2050, at least temporally. The research team ___54___ (analyze) recent results from 40 different climate models. Using these models, the researchers considered the future evolution of Arctic sea ice cover in a scenario with high future CO2 emissions and little climate protection. As ___55___(expect), Arctic sea ice disappeared quickly in summer in these simulations.
However, the new study finds that Arctic summer sea ice also disappears occasionally if CO2 emissions are ___56___(rapid) reduced.
In order to understand___57___ bird brains changed, a team of 37 scientists used CT scan data to create endocasts(内腔)of hundreds of birds and dinosaurs, which the___58___(combine)with a large existing database of brain measurements from modern birds.
They then analyzed brain-body allometry (体形变). “There is no clear line ___59___the brains of advanced dinosaurs and primitive birds,”_____60_____(note) co-author Dr. Amy Balanoff of Johns Hopkins University." Birds like pigeons have the same brains sizes you would expect for a dinosaur of the same body size, and in fact some species like moa(恐鸟) have smaller-than-expected brains.”
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The European Parliament(议会)voted for ___61___( cancel) the summer time by 2021. The next step is to discuss the issue with EU countries.
The current law ___62___( make) EU countries move their clocks forwards on the last Sunday in March and move them backwards on the last Sunday in October.
Some people say that the summer time saves energy, ___63___ the European commission (委员会) says that the ___64___ (save) are small. Also, most people in the EU want to cancel the summer time.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A man called Andy set out for the Pacific Crest Trail, ___65___stretches from the borders of Mexico to Canada. He decided to take a selfie(自拍)every single mile along the 4,286-kilometre journey.
Andy created a time-lapse (延时的)video from his five-month hike and he was almost unrecognisable towards the end of the video一he had lost 23 kilograms.
___66___ (sad) , he never finished the journey, as he ___67___ (trap) by a snowstorm about 418 kilometres from the end.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A US astronaut, Christina Koch, spent 328 days in space, which is a record for a female astronaut. She completed her mission, landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.
Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied ___68___ people are able to live outside Earth. Her time in space allows researchers ___69___( study) the effects of a long-term spaceflight on the female body. NASA says the findings ___70___( help) the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Do you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life If you do, then you are a very lucky person. __71__ if not, then read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.
It tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor, Morrie Schwartz. __72__ you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of __73__ (wise) about love, life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. As a beautiful tale __74__ (deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyone’s reading list.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
With our graduation day around the corner, I was busy preparing presents for my friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only __75__ (find) a big box standing there. Approaching, I saw my name __76__ (write) on it. I was quite shocked when the box __77__ (open) and I saw “myself”, a vivid statue, sitting inside smiling up at me. I was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Analysis finds Earth’s magnetic(有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose.
Scientists think that having a magnetic field __78__ (make) Earth more friendly to life. The field, __79__ is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planet’s core, protects Earth __80__ energetic particles(粒子) flowing from the Sun. It helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.
（2020·北京朝阳·统考一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This aging of the population is driven by two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large ____81____（compare） to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes older than before. This is ___82___（especial） true in the US. The second reason is __83__ people are living longer. A child born in the US today has a very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
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参考答案：
1．led 2．more easily 3．under
4．how
【导语】本文是说明文。一项新研究发现，与年龄较大时加入社交媒体的人相比，11岁前加入社交媒体的人与更多“有问题的数字行为”有显著关联。父母发挥积极的作用帮助了解技术如何在孩子的年轻时期塑造他们的需求将变得更加迫切。
1． 考查非谓语动词。句意：韦尔斯利中心(Wellesley Centers)领导的一项新研究发现，与年龄较大时加入社交媒体的人相比，11岁前加入社交媒体的人与更多“有问题的数字行为”有显著关联。分析句子可知，found是谓语动词，领导是非谓语动词。研究和领导是被动关系，用过去分词，故填led。
2． 考查副词比较级。句意：11岁之前加入社交媒体的孩子似乎更容易分心，也更缺乏同情心。根据and后面的more unsympathetic可知，前面也用比较级，副词修饰形容词，用副词比较级。故填more easily。
3．考查介词。句意：好消息是，父母发挥了积极的作用，孩子在父母管控的情况下消极影响在变小。本题考查介词词义考查，根据句意的理解。故填写under.
4．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：随着互联网的强大影响，我们可以预期，了解技术如何在孩子的年轻时期塑造他们的需求将变得更加迫切。动词后是宾语从句，宾语从句中用how表示“如何”，理解技术怎样塑造孩子。故填how。
5．has become
6．while/after 7．where
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来，受到了游客们的欢迎以及其原因。
5．考查时态。句意：北京动物园一家以熊猫为主题的咖啡馆自2月1日开业以来，一直深受游客欢迎。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“since its opening on February 1st”可知，句子用现在完成时态，主语为单数，所以要用has become。故填has become。
6．考查连词。句意：游客可以一边喝咖啡，一边与中国国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念。分析语境可知，空处需要while“与…同时”引导时间状语从句，当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略从句中的主语加be动词，全句为“Visitors can enjoy a cup of coffee while they are taking photos with statues of China’s national treasure, the giant panda.”，所以省略主语they和are。或者表示行为发生的先后顺序，使用after表示与国宝大熊猫的雕像合影留念之后，可喝咖啡。故填while/after。
7．考查定语从句。句意：在成都熊猫基地，熊猫邮报也受到熊猫爱好者的欢迎，人们可以在那里购买熊猫主题的物品，从邮票、明信片、冰箱磁铁、信封、玩具到其他纪念品。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Chengdu Panda Base，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
8．What 9．uploaded 10．costs 11．respectively
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了上海街道上出现的机器狗的情况。
8．考查主语从句的连接词。句意：最近让网友们感到有趣的是，在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。根据句子结构，句子的谓语动词是was，was前为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，应用连接词what，句首时首字母大写。故填What。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近让网友们感到有趣的是，在上海人行道上看到了另一种狗——传到社交媒体的一个短视频中的机器狗。此处考查非谓语动词，设空处前short video，upload与该名词为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填uploaded。
10．考查时态。句意：该机器人造价约1.6万元，能够以每秒4.7米的速度奔跑。句中连词and连接两个并列谓语，is是一般现在时，cost用一般现在时表示在陈述一个客观事实。应用一般现在时。故填costs。
11．考查副词。句意：它们在网上的售价分别为30万元和10万元左右。设空处考查副词，作状语。respective的副词为respectively，意为“分别地”。故填respectively。
12．had found 13．that 14．was waiting
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去曼哈顿看望哥哥，不慎将钱包丢失。幸亏一位女士发现钱包并设法找到作者，作者想表示感谢，但女士拒绝了。
12．考查时态。句意：后来，当我到我哥哥家时，他告诉我刚刚有个女人打电话给他，说她发现了一个钱包。从句的时态发生在主句动作told之前，表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。故填had found。
13．考查时态。句意：但除了里面的电话号码，她没有找到任何能显示失主身份的东西。句中先行词为不定代词anything，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that引导。故填that。
14．考查时态。句意：我知道她正在公用电话旁的酒吧等着我，就赶紧过去，找到了我心目中的英雄。结合句意可知，表示过去正在做某事，所以用过去进行时。故填was waiting。
15．getting 16．because 17．to spend
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅的原因。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都知道呼吸新鲜空气能让人心情舒畅，但现在德国的一项研究让我们了解了其中的原因。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填getting。
16．考查连词。句意：当然，外出可能比情绪转变更有益，因为早些时候的研究发现，前额叶灰质较少与抑郁有关。根据“getting outside could do more good than a mood shift”可知，后句解释“外出可能比情绪转变更有益”的原因，所以用连词because。故填because。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，把每天至少花一个小时在户外作为一个目标。句子it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式。故填to spend。
18．to explore 19．through 20．standing
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢通过镜头记录北京历史与现代的融合。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影爱好者，我抓住每一个机会探索首都，通过镜头记录下我发现的一切，从胡同到皇宫。take every opportunity to do sth.抓住每个机会做某事。故填to explore。
19．考查介词。句意：作为一名摄影爱好者，我抓住每一个机会探索首都，通过镜头记录下我发现的一切，从胡同到皇宫。名词my lens前用介词形式。介词through为“通过，凭借”之意。故填through。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：但除了这些古老的奇迹，北京也是一个完全拥抱现代生活快节奏发展的地方，高耸的21世纪建筑奇迹与过去的文化遗迹并存。介词with后宾语architectural wonders与stand之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填standing。
21．known 22．plays 23．are cut
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了艺术教育的重要性。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些课程是一组通常被称为艺术教育的课程的一部分，它允许学生以一种创造性的方式学习新事物。be known as为固定短语，意为“被称为”，句子已有谓语动词are，空处需填过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
22．考查动词时态。句意：许多人认为艺术教育在学生的生活中起着重要的作用。believe后面是省略了that的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为arts education，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
23．考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，当学校需要省钱时，音乐和艺术课程在大多数情况下被削减。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语music and art programs和cut为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为music and art programs，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are cut。
24．why 25．beyond 26．attractive
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了运动员要具备奥林匹克精神。
24．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么运动员们会给他们的竞争对手送上最好的祝福，即使他们自己输了。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。
25．考查介词。句意：在奥运会上，来自其他选手的拥抱常被展现出来，因为真正的奥林匹克精神超越胜利，超越国界。根据句意可知，此处表达“超越胜利，超越国界”。表示“超越”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。
26．考查形容词。句意：这就是奥运会的魅力所在。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填形容词attractive作宾语补足语。故填attractive。
27．performances 28．paid 29．wandering 30．where
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在意大利海滨小镇索伦托旅行的故事。
27．考查名词的数。句意：意大利海滨小镇索伦托的名字早已深入我心，主要是通过听《回到索伦托》这首歌的各种演出。performance是可数名词，由various修饰，用名词复数形式做动词hear的宾语。故填performances。
28．考查时态。句意：经过深思熟虑，我终于在暑假去了索伦托。此处缺乏谓语，结合全文时态可知，事情已发生，pay时态用一般过去时。故填paid。
29．考查时间状语从句省略句和现在分词。句意：一天晚上，我在街上闲逛时，被一栋房子吸引了。“当某人做某事时”用while引导时间状语从句，从句中用进行时，通篇时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是过去进行时was wandering，又因时间状语从句的主语I和主句主语I一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语I和be动词，因此空格处是现在分词wandering，表主动进行。故填wandering。
30．考查定语从句关系词。句意：一位自豪的市民告诉我，著名女演员索菲亚·罗兰曾经在那家餐厅用餐。此处是定语从句，先行词是the restaurant，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
31．be given 32．how 33．missing 34．injury
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者认为如今的父母似乎比以往任何时候都更加保护自己的孩子，但事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。
31．考查被动语态和情态动词用法。句意：然而，事实是，为了帮助孩子们的发展，必须给他们冒险的机会。动词give和主语children构成被动关系，在情态动词must后应用动词原形。故填be given。
32．考查宾语从句。句意：当一个孩子长大成人后，他需要学习如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败。在宾语从句中，不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据learn可知，此处是指如何处理与冒险有关的成功和失败，应用连接副词how表示“如何”。故填how。
33．考查现在分词。句意：现在有许多孩子错过了像爬树这样典型的童年活动，这是一件令人遗憾的事情。动词miss意为“错过”，和逻辑主语children构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填missing。
34．考查名词。句意：这主要是因为他们的父母害怕受伤，尤其是这些父母在成长过程中可能已经享受过这样的活动。在of后作宾语应用名词injury表示“伤害”。故填injury。
35．have collected 36．to tidy 37．communities
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。 该项目旨在让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。
35．考查动词时态。句意：“大清洁”活动始于2008年，到目前为止，英国的志愿者已经在街道和公园里收集了5万多袋垃圾。根据后文“up to now”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为volunteers，助动词用have。故填have collected。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学校在九月组织活动来整理他们的区域。分析句子结构可知，tidy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to tidy。
37．考查名词的数。句意：该项目旨在每年扩大规模，让更多的人为他们的社区承担责任。 community为可数名词，根据上文their可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填communities。
38．ran 39．closer 40．through
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。埃文是一名野生动物摄影师，他的照片能够让人们对濒危动物进行反思，这对他意义重大。文章讲述了埃文的两次有趣的拍摄经历。
38．考查一般过去时。句意：有一次，两只老虎从他身边跑过，停在离他的卡车一米远的地方，开始打架。根据once（曾经）可知，此处应用一般过去时，和下文的stopped以及began作为并列的谓语动词。故填ran。
39．考查比较级。句意：还有一次在纳米比亚，一只狮子更靠近了。在even后应用比较级。故填closer。
40．考查介词。句意：然后它爬上车后面，透过窗户看着他，这是他最快乐的时刻之一。根据“It went all the way round his truck”（它一直绕着他的卡车）可知，这只狮子在车外面，所以此处是指透过窗户看着他，应用介词through。故填through。
41．brought 42．pollutes 43．because 44．healthy
【解析】这是一篇议论文。虽然出国旅游会给这些国家带来好处，但是也会污染环境，作者认为为了保护环境，我们就需要少旅行。
41．考查过去分词。句意：额外带来的资金可以给这些国家带来巨大的利益。动词bring和主语money构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
42．考查主谓一致和一般现在时。句意：首先，将数百万游客运送到度假目的地会污染空气和海洋。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语transporting为动名词，第三人称单数。故填pollutes。
43．考查连词。句意：最后，由于游客消耗大量的水，淡水供应越来越少。“ tourists consume much water”是“fresh water supplies are running low”的原因，所以可用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
44．考查形容词。句意：如果我们想让我们的地球成为一个健康的地方，我们就需要少旅行。修饰名词place应用形容词。故填healthy。
45．are located 46．overcame 47．the biggest
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。抓到一条非常大的鱼是很难的，但是多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人抓到了迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。
45．考查一般现在时和被动语态。句意：另一个原因是大鱼一旦被找到不会直接跳上船。此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词locate和主语they构成被动关系。故填are located。
46．考查一般过去时。句意：多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫·迪恩的人克服了这两个困难。根据“Years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填overcame。
47．考查形容词最高级。句意：这是迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼。根据ever可知，此处是指迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼，应用形容词最高级。故填the biggest。
48．What 49．using 50．pictures
【解析】这是一篇说明文。所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍。
48．考查主语从句。句意：让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用。主语从句“confuses students”中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what。故填what。
49．考查现在分词。句意：学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子。动词use和逻辑主语other expressions构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
50．考查名词复数。句意：也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解。a range of后应用可数名词复数。故填pictures。
51．cooks 52．who 53．risking 54．has organized 55．expected 56．rapidly 57．how 58．combination 59．between 60．notes
【分析】此题是由三则故事组成的。第一则故事是英国首相鲍里斯治愈出院后的讲话。第二则是讲未来北冰洋的冰在夏天会消失。第三则讲的是探索鸟类的大脑是如何运作的。
51．考查名词单复数。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据句子the cleaners, the ___1___ (cook), the health care workers可知，这里是并列结构，并且前后都使用了名词的复数。所以这里cook也应该用复数形式。故填cooks。
52．考查定语从句。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。在这句话中先行词是workers工人。在定语从句里面，句子没有主语，所以先行词在句子中充当主语的成分，这里又是非限制性定语从句。故填who。
53．考查非谓语动词。句意：不仅是医生和护士，是每一个个人，包括清洁工和厨师，还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作，始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据前文kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way,可知，这里需要使用keep doing，来进行并列。故填risking。
54．考查时态。句意：这支研究团队通过对40个气候模型分析出了最近的研究成果。分析这个动作发生在过去，但是分析出来的结果对后面的研究起了影响。也就是说发生在过去对现在造成了影响，所以要用现在完成时。主语team又是单数。故填has organized。
55．考查省略句。句意：正如预期那样，在这种刺激下北冰洋的冰在夏季会快速消失。这里应该是北冰洋里的冰，正如预期那样。冰和预期为被动关系，所以完整的句子as it is expected，it指代北冰洋里的冰，和主句的主语相同且谓语动词为be动词，则状语从句中的主语和be动词就可以省略。故填expected。
56．考查副词。句意：如果二氧化碳的排放量可以迅速减少的话。这里表达的意思是排放迅速减少，迅速是来修饰减少的。而reduce又是动词词性，所以前面要用副词修饰。故填rapidly。
57．考查宾语从句。句意：为了理解鸟类的大脑是如何转变的。在这里从句跟在understand后作宾语就是宾语从句。change做不及动词，宾语从句为主谓结构。这里作方式，要表示“如何”这个含义。故填how。
58．考查名词。句意：这里有一个关于各种现代鸟类大脑测量的数据库。空格前是定冠词the，空格后又是with所带的后置定语，所以空格应该填名词形式。故答案填combination。
59．考查固定搭配。句意：在高级恐龙的大脑和原始鸟类的大脑之间，并无太大的区别。在这里要表达的意思是“在……之间”。这里只有恐龙和鸟类两者，则为固定搭配between…and。故填between。
60．考查时态。句意来自Hopkins University大学的Amy教授这样说道。在这个段落里面都使用的是一般现在时。而这句话中并无明显的时间状语标志，则应该与整段话一致。教授说这句话是主动关系，且主语是单数。故填notes。
61．canceling##cancelling 62．makes 63．but 64．savings
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章对欧洲议会投票决定在2021年前取消夏季夏令时的新闻进行了报道。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲议会投票决定在2021年前取消夏季夏令时。分析句子，提示词所处的简单句已经有动词。故cancel需要用非谓语动词。又因为放在介词后，所以需用doing形式。故填cancel(l)ing。
62．考查时态。句意：现行法律要求欧盟国家在3月的最后一个周日将时钟调快，在10月的最后一个周日将时钟调慢。分析句子，并列句中除了make外，无其余动词。故make需表示动词的时态。make所处并列句强调的是客观实在性且被the current laws(现行法律)修饰。所以需要用一般现在时。且和主语之间表示主动关系。故填makes。
63．考查连词。句意：有人说夏季时间节省能源，但欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的。分析句子，划线处前句表示“有人说夏季时间节省能源”，后句却说“欧洲委员会说节省的量是很小的”。可以看出前后句表示转折。故填but。
64．考查名词。句意：但欧洲委员会说节省的是很小的。分析句子，提示词为动词，但but后面的句子缺are的主语。故需将save变为名词被the修饰。又因be动词用are。所以主语要表示复数。故填savings。
65．which 66．Sadly 67．was trapped##had been trapped
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了主人公Andy因暴风雪而未完成的一段旅行。
65．考查定语从句。句意：一个叫安迪的人出发前往太平洋克雷斯特小径，这条小径从墨西哥边境一直延伸到加拿大。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，后面的句子是先行词为Pacific Crest Trail的定语从句。定语从句部分缺主语，需用关系代词。先行词指物，故用which / that。又因 that 不引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
66．考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，他没有完成旅程。分析句子，提示词sad是形容词，不可修饰后面的句子。副词可有修饰句子。故填Sadly。
67．考查被动语态。句意：因为他在距离终点418公里的地方被暴风雪困住了。分析句子，as所处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故trap填动词的时态。又因为trap和逻辑主语之间表示被动，故用时态的被动。分析上文，文章的整体时态是过去时，所以填过去时的被动。故填was trapped。/分析句子，as所处的从句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故trap填动词的时态。又因为trap和逻辑主语之间表示被动，故用时态的被动。根据句意，Andy应该是先被困住了后才没办法完成旅行。此处符合过去完成时的基本用法：过去的过去。故此处用过去完成时的被动。故填had been trapped。
68．if/whether 69．to study 70．will help
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述美国女宇航员Christina Koch完成了她在太空的328天。以及她在太空期间的研究价值。
68．考查名词性从句。句意：Koch完成了6次太空行走，她还做了一些实验来研究人类是否能够在地球之外生活。分析句子，设问处放在studied后，属于宾语从句。宾语从句部分不缺主语（people）和宾语（outside Earth）。故该空应填连接词或连接副词。通过分析句意，此处缺“是否”之意。故填if / whether。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：她在太空的经历使研究人员能够研究长期太空飞行对女性身体的影响。分析句子，该简单句中除了提示词外还有动词“allow”，故该提示词需填非谓语动词。又因为固定搭配：allow sb to do sth 译为“允许某人做某事”。故填to study。
70．考查时态。句意：美国宇航局表示，这些发现将有助于该机构未来的月球和火星任务。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词。故该处要填动词的时态。又因为句中有future missions（将来的任务）。是一般将来时的提示词。故填will help。
71．But 72．As/When/Once/If/After 73．wisdom 74．delivering
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了《相约星期二》这本书的主要内容。
71．考查连词。根据空格前的“If you do…”和空格后的“if not…”可知，空格前后之间是转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填But。
72．考查连词/介词。句意：你读了这本书，你将从一位死于卢格里格病的教授身上学到一些非常有意义的教训。根据空格后的句意和语境可知，此处可以用as“当……时”或when“当……时”或once“一旦”或if“如果”或after“……之后”。故填As/When/Once/If/After。
73．考查词性转换。介词of后接名词，所以此处用名词形式。故填wisdom。
74．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于一个美丽的故事传递许多关于生活的强有力的教训，这本书应该是每个人的阅读清单上的顶端。分析句子可知，该句的谓语动词是be，所以此处应用非谓语动词；动词deliver与tale之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填delivering。
75．to find 76．written/was written 77．was opened/opened
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了即将毕业，“我”在给朋友们准备礼物，当“我”走进教室，却发现一个大箱子站在那里，里面是自己的雕像，这是对“我”来说最特别最珍贵的礼物了。
75．考查动词不定式。句意：像往常一样，我走进教室，却发现一个大箱子站在那里。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作结果状语；only to do sth.是一个比较特殊的不定式结构，常用于表示一种意想不到的结果。故填to find。
76．考查时态和语态/非谓语动词。此处动词write与其逻辑主语“name”之间是被动关系，所以可以用过去分词作后置定语；动词saw后可以加句子，根据全文的时态用一般过去时可知，此处也用一般过去时，所以此处也可以用was written。故填written/was written。
77．考查时态和语态。此处动词open与其逻辑主语“the box”之间是被动关系，根据全文的时态用一般过去时可知，此处也用一般过去时，所以此处可以用was opened，表示箱子被打开了；也可以理解为箱子主动开了，用open的主动形式，时态用一般过去时，即opened。故填was opened/opened。
78．makes 79．which 80．from
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了磁场对地球的好处。
78．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家认为有磁场使地球对生命更加友好。根据前面的“think”可知，时态用一般现在时；从句的主语“having a magnetic field”表单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
79．考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，且空格处在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该从句。故填which。
80．考查介词。protect…from...是固定短语，意为“保护……不受……”。故填from。
81．compared 82．especially 83．that
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人口老龄化是由两个原因造成的。
81．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。宾语从句的谓语的are large，且compare与逻辑主语是old generations之间是被动词关系，因此此处要用过去分词形式在句子中做状语。故填compared。
82．考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处要用副词修饰形容词true。故填especially。
83．考查表语从句的引导词。句意：第二个原因是人们的寿命变长了。根据系动词is可知此处是一个表语从句，从句people are living longer结构完整，不缺成分，因此要用that引导表语从句。故填that。
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