(共34张PPT)
人教新目标版 八年级(下)
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet
Period 3 SectionA
Grammar focusa-3c
语法课优质课
Presentation
Learning aims
1.掌握下列词汇：fiction, science fiction, technology, French, think about, can't wait to do sth., more than.
掌握句型：① Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
② Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.
③ Have you decided which book to write about yet
Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
2. 通过翻译Grammar focus中的句子,能够观察并归纳现在完成时的用法、时间状语、句型结构及过去分词的变化规则。
3.通过观察比较,归纳already 和 yet 的用法区别以及一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。
Presentation
New words
Pre-grammar
Listen and repeat.
fiction [ f k n] n.
小说；虚构；编造
science fiction
科幻小说
technology [tek n l d ] n. 科技；工艺
French [frent ]
n.& adj.
法语；法国
人（的）
Presentation
Warming up
Pre-grammar
Look and say.
A: What’s the name of the book
B: It is Little Women.
A: Have you read Little Women yet
B: Yes, I have.\No, I haven’t.
A: What do you think of it
B: I think it’s interesting\funny\fantastic\boring\ …
A: What’s it about
B: It’s about four sisters growing up.
Presentation
Practice
Pre-grammar
Look and say.
A: What’s the name of the book
B: It is Little Women.
A: Have you read Little Women yet
B: Yes, I have.\No, I haven’t.
A: What do you think of it
B: I think it’s interesting\funny\fantastic\boring\ …
A: What’s it about
B: It’s about four sisters growing up.
Treasure Island.
Treasure Island yet
a boy who goes out to sea and
finds an island full of treasures.
Oliver Twist.
Oliver Twist.
a boy who lives in the
United Kingdom.
Robinson Crusoe.
Robinson Crusoe
Robinson’s life on a
remote island.
Presentation
While-grammar
Read and translate.
Grammar Focus
Read the sentences and translate them.
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
Read and fill.
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
1.你已经读过《小妇人》了吗 是的，我读过。不，我没读过。
_____ you ____ Little Women ____ Yes, I _____./ No, I ______.
2.蒂娜已经读过《金银岛》了吗 是的，她读过。她认为它是极好的。
_____ Tina _____ Treasure Island ___
Yes, she ____. She _______ it's _________.
3.你已经决定选择写哪本书了吗 是的，我已经读完它了，它真好。
_____ you _______ which book to ______ _______ _____
Yes, I _____. I've already ______ ________ it. It was really good.
Have
read
yet
have
haven't
Has
read
yet
has
thinks
fantastic
Have
decided
write about yet
have
finished reading
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
What did you find out
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
探究一：现在完成时的谓语动词和基本用法。
1.现在完成时基本结构 助动词 have/has+V过去分词
He has traveled on a train.他坐过火车。
They have just finished their homework. 他们刚完成作业。
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：现在完成时的谓语动词和基本用法。
2. 现在完成时的用法（1）：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作（短暂性动词）对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的影响或者结果。
I have opened the door. 我打开了门。
现在完成时包含两层意思，一是动作是过去某个时间发生的；二是现在含存在过去动作的影响或结果。现在完成时即联系现在又说明过去。
这句话包含两层意思，一是门是过去某个时候打开的，二是门现在还是开着的。开门动作的影响和结果还存在。
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：现在完成时的谓语动词和基本用法。
2. 现在完成时的用法（1）：
图示法表示
past
I had breakfast.
I'm not hungry now.
present
I have already had breakfast.
（早餐过去吃的，现在不饿。）
past
Tom finished reading
the book.
Now he know sth. about
the book.
present
Tom has already finished reading the book.(Tom已经读完了这本书。)
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究一：现在完成时的谓语动词和基本用法。
2.现在完成时的用法（2）：表示动作从过去某一时间开始，并一直持续到现在的动作或者状态。而且可能还要继续下去。
(Unit10能学到这个用法。)
这个用法，现在完成时常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用，这时要用延续性动词。这个用法到Unit10再具体学习。
past
I moved here
in 1990.
I still live here.
present
I have lived here for 30 years. (30年来一直生活在这里）
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
What did you find out
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
探究二：现在完成时的句型结构。
1.肯定句：主语+助动词 have (has）+ 过去分词done+其他
He has cleaned the room .
I have had breakfast.
2.一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词done + 其他
将助动词have/has放在主语之前。
—Have you seen the film
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究二：现在完成时的句型结构。
2.一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词done + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
Have they finished reading it
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
Yes, she has.
Has Tina read Oliver Twist
No, she hasn’t.
3. 否定句：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词done+ 其他.
He has not seen this film.
They have not taken many good books to share.
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
Read and find.
Hello! My name is Amy. I like reading books. And, I have already finished reading Little Women. It s very fantastic. I have not finished reading Treasure Island yet. I have many interesting books. Have you decided which book to read yet
Read the passage and find out the different sentences.
1)肯定句:
______________________________________
2)否定句:
_______________________________________
3)一般疑问句
______________________________________
I have already finished reading Little Women.
I have not finished reading Treasure Island yet.
Have you decided which book to read yet
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
What did you find out
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
探究三：现在完成时的常用时间状语(标志词)。
already和yet都可以作为现在完成时的标志词,但它们的用法不同。already一般用于_____句中.意为“______”,通常放在________和_________之间。
肯定
已经
have\has
过去分词
yet一般用于______句中,意为“______”;也可以用于______句中,意为“_______”
疑问
已经
否定
还(没)
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究三：现在完成时的常用时间状语(标志词)。
时间标志词 含义 用于 句，置于 .
already
已经
yet
已经
还(没)，尚未
肯定句，句中或句末
疑问句, 句末
否定句，句末
Have you read many books yet Yes, I’ve already read many books. No, not yet.
我们已经打扫了教室。
We have already cleaned up our classroom.
你已经见过她了吗
公交车还没有到。
Have you seen her yet？
The bus hasn’t come yet.
注意：already用于疑问句时通常表示惊奇，
如：Have you finished your homework already
I have finished my homework already.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究三：现在完成时的常用时间状语(标志词)。
ever（曾经），never（从未），也可以用于现在完成时，谈论过去的经历。
时间标志词 含义 用于 句，置于 .
ever
疑问/肯定句，句中
never
从未\不
表否定，句中
曾经，至今为止
I have ever watched this movie. 我曾经看过这部电影。
Have you ever heard of this story 你曾经听说过这个故事吗？
I have never watched this movie. 我从未看过这部电影。
Have you ever learned to write
Yes, I have ever done that.
No, I have never done that .
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
just（刚刚），before（以前；之前），so far（到目前为止）也可以用于现在完成时，谈论刚刚发生的动作或者过去的经历。
探究三：现在完成时的常用时间状语(标志词)。
Have you helped others before？你以前帮助过别人吗？
I have just helped a little kid. 我刚刚帮助了一个小孩。
I have never helped others before. 我之前从未帮助过别人。
before意思:_________, 用于_________， 位于_______
之/以前
各种句型
句尾
just意思:_________, 用于________。
刚刚
肯定句
My mom has cooked delicious food, so I can have a big dinner now.
just
I have never made such a mistake __________.
before
I reading the book just now.(finish)
finished
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
Read and fill.
用just, already, yet, ever, never填空
1.Have you _____been to Japan
2.He has _____ finished his homework.
3.We have _______cleaned our room.
4.I haven’t had breakfast ____.
5.She has _______bought the dictionary.
ever
just
already
yet
never
有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
What did you find out
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
探究四：现在完成时动词过去分词的变化规则。
I.规则变化：和动词过去式的变化相同
1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed
pick→ picked→ picked; wish→ wished→ wished； stay→ stayed→ stayed;
work→worked→worked; play →played→played; visit→visited→visited
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究四：现在完成时动词过去分词的变化规则。
I.规则变化：和动词过去式的变化相同
like →liked→ liked; hope→ hoped → hoped; taste→ taste→taste
use→used→used live→lived→lived prctise→prctised→prctised
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i,再加-ed
study→ studied→ studied hurry→ hurried→ hurried; reply → replied → replied
worry→worried→worried cty→cried→cried carry→carried→carried
stop→ stopped→ stopped clap→ clapped→ clapped shop→shopped→shopped
nod→nodded→nodded drop→dropped→dropped prefer→preferred→preferred
4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究四：现在完成时动词过去分词的变化规则。
II.不规则变化：见P136不规则动词表
5.AAA格式(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
let →let → let put → put → put read → read → read
hit→hit→hit cut→cut→cut hurt→hurt→hurt se→set→let
6.ABB格式(过去式与过去分词同形)
feel→ felt → felt keep→ kept → kept sleep→ slept→ slept
have→had→had lose→lost→lost stand→stand→stand sit→sat→sat
find→found→found shine→shone→shone leave→left→left
make→made→made spell→spelt→spelt win→won→won
hold→held→held hear→heard→heard build→built→built
send→sent→sent buy→bought→bought bring→brought→brought
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究四：现在完成时动词过去分词的变化规则。
II.不规则变化：见P136不规则动词表
7.ABA格式(动词原形与过去分词同形)
run → ran → run come → came → come become→ became→ become
8. ABC格式(动词原形、过去式、过去分词均不同形)
bear →bore → born breaks→ broke→ broken grow→ grew → grown
choose→chose→chosen be(am,is,are)→was\were→been take→took→taken
fall→fell→fallen write→wrote→written give→gave→given
speak→spoke→spoken eat→ate→eaten go→went→gone do→did→done
wear→wore→worn drink→drank→drunk rise→rose→risen
9.AAB格式(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat →beat→ beaten
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究五：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
I.比较:1.A: What did you do last weekend
B: I saw a new move.
2. A: Would you like to see the movie with me
B: Thanks for your inviting, but I have seen it already.
总结 一般过去时 现在完成时
用
法不
同
(只谈论上周末做的事情，不涉及现在)
(影响：因为已经看过了，所以现在不去看了)
只表示过去的动作或状态，(不涉及现在）
表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响或结果(与现在有联系)
Presentation
While-grammar
Grammar Focus
探究语法规律
探究五：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。
II.比较:1.Tom ______(sweep)the floor yesterday.
2. My family________(go)to Beijing last year.
3.I _________(can )ride a bike when I was 6 years old.
4.I ________________(not finish) my homework yet.
5. He ____________(work)in the city for eight years.
6.判断正误: I have visited my grandparents yesterday.
He has finished his work two days ago.
swept
went
could
haven’t finished
has worked
×
×
(注意：现在完成时不能与表示过去的时间状语连用)
总结 一般过去时 现在完成时
标志词不同
yesterday, last week, …
ago, in 1995,in the past,
just now, when …
already, yet, ever, never, just, for+时间段， since+时间点\从句…
Presentation
Practice
While-grammar
Look and fill.
-When ______Bob ________(leave)home
-He _______about ten minutes ago.
2. Helen ___________ the book club last week and she
____________two books already
join: read B joined; read
C joined; has read D. joined; have read
did
leave
left
Presentation
Practice
Post-grammar
4a
Look and fill
1. A: Would you like something to drink
B: No, thanks. ______________________. (just/drink some tea)
2. A: I heard you lost your key. ____________________ (find)
B: No, not yet.
3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving
B: ____________________. (already/leave)
A: When ______________ (leave)
B: This morning.
4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight
B: No. __________________________. (already/see the film)
5. A: What do your parents think about our plan
B: I _________________________ . (not/tell them/yet)
I’ve just drunk some tea
Have you found it yet
He has already left
did he leave
She has already seen the film
haven’t told them yet
Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.
drink-drank-drunk
find-found-found
leave-left-left
see-saw-seen
tell-told-told
Presentation
Practice
Post-grammar
Look and fill
Sally _______ (love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She _____ already ______ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _______ (be) like in 50 years. She _________(finish) reading a book about robots last week and _________(write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she_____________ (not read) yet and she can’t wait to read them!
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
loves
be interested in+n./代/Ving 对...感兴趣
提示：确认时间标志，用对时态结构！
read
will be
finished
will write
hasn’t read
can’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事
4b
has
Presentation
Practice
Post-grammar
Look and complete
4c
Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.
A: What books have you already read
B: I’ve already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter.
A: What do you think of them
B: Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring.
You Your friend Comments
Books I have already read
Movies I have already seen
Songs I have already heard
Report like this:
I have already read…,it’s very interesting;
My friend has already read…,it’s very boring.
Presentation
Class test
Post-grammar
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.I _____just _______(finish) my homework.
2. She ______already ______us the news.
3. I _____________(not talk) to him yet.
4. ______the bus _______(leave) yet
5. _____you ever ________(try)to change her
have finished
has told
haven’t talked
Has left
Have tried
Presentation
Class test
Post-grammar
1我上个月参加了读书俱乐部,并已经读了五本书。(read-read)
2.你已经吃过晚饭了吗 (have-had)
3杰克已经找到他的书了吗 (find- found)
4.马克还没有看过那部新电影。(see-seen)
5.他们已经在这个城市建了许多房子。( build- built)
二、翻译下列句子
I joined the reading club last month and I have already read five books.
Have you had dinner yet
Has Jack found his bookyet
Mike hasn’t seen the new film yet.
They have already built many buildings in this city.
Presentation
Homework
1.默写语法重点中的句子,复习现在完成时并整理笔记。
2.根据c写一篇小作文介绍自己和朋友读过的书(或看过的电影听过的歌曲等)。
3.预习 Section B单词及句型。
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