高考英语阅读理解专项训练（含解析）
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There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power. After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have invented a new generation of air conditioner, ” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced, the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen (氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept, it also has other advantages. The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven, and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
1．What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1
A．Warm.
B．Dry.
C．Hot.
D．Freezing.
2．What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A．They are wasteful.
B．They overheat easily.
C．They often break down.
D．They are slow to cool the air.
3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain
A．What powers the engine.
B．What turns liquid into gas.
C．How the pressure is formed.
D．How the new system works.
4．What is the purpose of this text
A．To promote a company.
B．To settle an energy crisis.
C．To introduce a technology.
D．To market a misting system.
Cimabue,the greatest painter in medieval Italy, was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works.“Shoo!”he shouted, but it remained still. Finally, he reached out to touch the insect. To his surprise, he found only wet paint. Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto di Bondone was born in a poor farming family. Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue,who happened to be passing by, saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice(学徒).
In the Middle Ages,an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could, which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas. In fact,art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut. The people in paintings didn’t look like real people,and the symbolism of art was often so remote that it must have been difficult for viewers to connect with it on a personal level. But Giotto thought art could be something more.
To accomplish this goal, Giotto adopted many techniques that were uncommon at the time. He painted people the way he saw them,instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. Finally, he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting. For example, at that time the Christ Child was usually drawn as a mature man who was only a baby in size. This symbolized that Christ was wise even though he was young. Instead,Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby,which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.
The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.
5．Why does the author mention the fly event in paragraph 1
A．To prove the pupil outdoes the master.
B．To stress the fly was vividly painted.
C．To relate how Cimabue was tricked.
D．To demonstrate art has no limits.
6．Why did Cimabue decide to instruct Giotto
A．Giotto would be a helpful assistant.
B．Cimabue desired to rid Giotto of poverty.
C．Giotto badly needed Cimabue’s guidance.
D．Cimabue sensed a great potential in Giotto.
7．What can we learn about art in the Middle Ages in paragraph 3
A．It lacked innovation. B．It highlighted realism.
C．It bonded well with viewers. D．It underwent great changes.
8．Why did Giotto paint the Christ Child as a baby
A．To portray people in a realistic way.
B．To try the technique of perspective.
C．To distinguish himself from other painters.
D．D．To bring a sense of symbolism to his painting.
A new study finds too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant produces. Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real street. The setup mimicked(模拟) urban light pollution. In these now-light-polluted fields, flowers had 62 percent fewer night visitors — insect pollinators (传粉者)— than the flowers in dark meadows did.
Cabbage thistles are the most common flowers in these meadows. Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen (花粉) pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in producing seeds). “For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night,” says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Overall, night-lit plants produced one-eighth fewer seeds than plants that got full nights of darkness did.
“Light pollution might affect a whole network of plants and their pollinators,” Knop and her colleagues now suggest. Indeed, night pollination is not just a lonely business for a few special plants. There are lots of links between production of pollen by night and that by day. Plants with a lot of night visits are often very busy by day, too. Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. Therefore, a lot of pollinators working day and night shifts could be affected, which is what Knop worries about.
The new study is the first to show how artificial light affects plants’ ability to produce seeds. The test is also unusual because it considers all kinds of insect pollinators instead of focusing only on night-flying insects. The researchers paid special attention to the cabbage thistle, but they also mapped which kinds of insects visited other plants by day or night.
9．Why were street lights put up in the meadows
A．To copy light pollution.
B．To promote urbanization.
C．To accelerate plant growth.
D．To attract insect pollinators.
10．What can be inferred about cabbage thistles
A．They attract only night visitors.
B．They grow slowly during the night.
C．They are the most common Swiss flowers.
D．They rely on insects to help produce seeds.
11．Light pollution affects pollinators’ ________.
A．sight
B．numbers
C．growth
D．food and shelter
12．What is the main idea of the text
A．Plants attract more insects due to light pollution.
B．Night-flying insects matter more than daytime ones.
C．Light pollution may affect plants’ seed numbers.
D．Researchers found ways to protect the environment.
When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages
Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.
Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.”
But I think a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake (吸收) of key ideas.
No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.
13．What does the underlined part “the joke was on us” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．We were actually joking. B．We were laughed at by others.
C．We were underestimating’ ourselves. D．We were just embarrassing ourselves.
14．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．What Blinkist is. B．Why Blinkist is popular.
C．How to use Blinkist. D．Where you can use Blinkist.
15．What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author
A．Obtaining key ideas efficiently. B．Further confirming our beliefs.
C．Accumulating information quickly. D．Deeply involving ourselves in books.
16．What is the author’s attitude to Blinkist
A．Positive. B．Negative C．Uncaring. D．Tolerant.
If a single word can describe our daily life during those first three years, it is “scrounge”(讨要). Every waking moment we were concentrating on how the hell we would be able to save up enough coins to do whatever it was we had to do. Even the simplest decision must be inspected by the ever alert budget committee of your mind.
“Hey, Oliver, let’s go to see Becket tonight.”
“Listen, it’s three bucks.”
“What do you mean ”
“ I mean a buck fifty for you and a buck fifty for me.”
“Does that mean yes or no ”
“Neither. It just means three bucks.”
Our honeymoon was spent on a yacht and with twenty-one children. That is, I sailed from 7 o’clock in the morning till whenever my passengers had enough, and Jenny was a children’s counselor. It was a place called the Pequod Boat Club in Dennis Port-an establishment that included a large hotel, a marina and several dozen houses for rent. In one of the tinier bungalows (平房), I have nailed an imaginary plaque (匾牌): “Oliver and Jenny slept here”. I think it’s a tribute (致敬) to us both that after a long day of being kind to our customers, for we were largely dependent on their tips for our income, Jenny and I were nonetheless kind to each other: I simply say “kind”, because I lack the vocabulary to describe what loving and being loved by Jennifer Cavilleri is like. Sorry, I mean Jennifer Barrett.
Before leaving for the Cape, we found a cheap apartment in North Cambridge, which was, as Jenny described it, “in the state of disrepair”. It had originally been a two-family structure, now changed into four apartments, overpriced even at its “cheap” rental. But what the hell can graduate students do It’s a seller’s market.
17．What can we learn from the conversation between Oliver and Jenny
A．Neither of them wanted to see Becket. B．They didn’t have three bucks.
C．Jenny was wasting money. D．Oliver was an economical man.
18．Why were Oliver and Jenny friendly to customers
A．They were both counselors for children. B．They needed to get tips from customers.
C．They didn’t have enough room to live in. D．That was the rule on the yacht.
19．What does Jennifer imply about their apartment by saying “In the state of disrepair”
A．It was not cheap. B．It was not distant.
C．It was not decent. D．It was not luxurious.
20．Which might be the best title of the passage
A．A couple’s debt repayment process B．A couple’s miserable life
C．A couple’s honeymoon trip D．A couple’s holiday on a yacht
The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.
Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction, and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world’s largest no-dig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve got true community buy-in.”
Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.
21．Why was Farm My School founded
A．To raise the income of the local people.
B．To advocate a commercial farming plan.
C．To provide free food for local communities.
D．To turn underused campus land into market gardens.
22．How do schools involve students into the program
A．By developing program-based courses.
B．By organizing voluntary work in communities.
C．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens.
D．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes.
23．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3
A．Competition. B．Investment. C．Support. D．Protection.
24．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben
A．It brings in money to support the school. B．The school farm will be able to last long.
C．The local people will take care of the farm. D．Students connect more with the outside world.
When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance,” You got eat or not “(meaning “Have you eaten ” ) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different
We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone.
Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
25．What does the author think of his/ her friends’response in paragraph 1
A．It reflects their self confidence.
B．It reflects their language levels.
C．It misses the point of communication.
D．It misses the real meaning of accents.
26．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English
A．To justify the use of dialects.
B．To show the diversity of dialects.
C．To correct a grammatical mistake.
D．To highlight a traditional approach.
27．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph
A．Learn to speak with your local dialect.
B．Seek for an official definition of accents.
C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects.
D．Distinguish our local languages from others’.
28．What can be a suitable title for this passage
A．Everyone Has an Accent
B．Accents Enhance Our Identities
C．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding
D．Standard English Is at Risk
When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English at Queen’s University, who encouraged him to apply for a PhD in Politics in Belfast, it was a pinch-me moment Emanuel never thought would be possible. After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets, couch-surfing at friends’ houses and weeding gardens to make ends meet. Now, one of the world’s leading political academics was preparing to welcome him to Queen’s University over 4,000 miles away.
Emanuel never knew who his father was and his mom was mentally ill when she gave birth to him, so the hospital took him off her and he was unofficially adopted for the first few years of his life. What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members.
Through his high school and community college years, he moved from house to house, living with friends at times and living on the streets at others.
Determined to change all that despite his rocky start in life, Emanuel involved himself in school — doing everything he could to earn extra tuition (学费) money in his spare time. But getting accepted into university was scarcely possible because a person like him couldn’t get a regular student loan.
Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education. He graduated from the University of the West Indies with a 1st Class Honors degree and went on to do his Masters.
Emanuel knows that his story could have been very different.
“I discovered Professor Richard English online and sent him an email honestly, not thinking he would reply and to my surprise, he did. I applied for the highly competitive Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Scheme in order to fund my research at Queen’s. When I was told I was successful, my whole world changed.”
29．What does the underlined word “pinch-me” in Paragraph I probably mean
A．Imaginary. B．Anticipated.
C．Unbelievable. D．Embarrassing.
30．What happened to Emanuel in his childhood
A．His father passed away early.
B．He received great parental care.
C．He was once adopted by his relatives.
D．He lived with his friends now and then.
31．Which of the following can best describe Emanuel
A．Tough and strong-willed.
B．Determined and talented.
C．Enthusiastic and generous.
D．Hardworking and attractive.
32．What is the main idea the author wants to convey to us
A．Well begun is half done.
B．Never judge by appearances.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．You are the architect of your own life.
Wildlife crossings, which are human-made structures like underpasses, overpasses, or culverts (涵洞) that help animals move safely around their habitat, don’t just protect animals and biodiversity. They can also reduce the number of car collisions and save significant money, a new study finds.
“I thought it would be useful to provide some information on the financial benefits of wildlife crossing structures for policymakers, transportation planners, and conservationists”, says Wisnu Sugiarto, the author of the study.
For this study, Sugiarto studied collision information from the Washington State Department of Transportation. He examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings in Washington State from 2011 to 2020. Then he made adjustments based on how close the crossings were to other structures and the time it took to build them. He compared the numbers of wildlife-vehicle collisions each year before and after the construction of a wildlife crossing. Then he compared his analysis to that of a separate area in the state with no crossings at all.
“The findings reported that wildlife crossing structures reduced the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions (碰撞)by one to three accidents on average per mile per year, but not all structures had statistically significant effects”,Sugiarto says.
Using financial estimates from other research, he determined that a wildlife crossing offers an annual benefit of between $235,000 and $443,000 every year. ”Earlier studies focused on wildlife crossings in North Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. They found wildlife underpasses and fencing could improve road safety, he says. “My findings complement the earlier studies and are also in favor of improving road safety.”
Besides, the findings are timely. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act passed in 2021 includes $350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings.
‘‘Before working on this research, I wasn’t aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions. I also thought we couldn’t do much about it, partly because we can’t communicate with wildlife or control their movement”, Sugiarto says. “However, it turns out that there are multiple strategies to handle issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and that we can do something about them.”
33．What did Sugiarto think about conducting the study in paragraph 2
A．It is necessary.
B．It is cost effective.
C．It is difficult to conduct.
D．It would educate the pedestrians.
34．How did Sugiarto conduct his study
A．By turning to previous findings.
B．By referring to professional data.
C．By analyzing the cause of collisions.
D．By interviewing different passers-by.
35．Why are Sugiarto's findings considered to be timely
A．They offer a way to ensure road safety.
B．They draw public attention to collisions.
C．They help improve the safety of wildlifb crossings.
D．They provide evidence for new policies on wildlife crossings.
36．What is the effect of the study on Sugiarto
A．It makes him famous.
B．It gives him new topics to explore.
C．It changes his view on wildlife-vehicle collisions.
D．It provides inspiration for him to communicate with wildlife.
When we decided to sell our flat, having been cheated by the previous owner, we thought it was really important to be completely honest with any potential buyers about having knotweed (蓼科杂草) in the garden. It had been such an unpleasant and stressful experience for us and we didn’t want to have anyone else suffer any longer.
We bought our two-bedroom flat in 2014, when it was just the two of us. But after having three kids it became too small, so we sold it last year. The flat has a small garden at the back, but we didn’t know the presence of knotweed until well after we moved in and had a note from our neighbor behind our flat saying that they thought we had knotweed. Then we had a look and found some very small offshoots for this was just around springtime. At that point my husband and I certainly didn’t realize quite how problematic it could be. But then we started reading all the horror stories and became really concerned — people couldn’t get a mortgage; they couldn’t sell; the plant was creeping through concrete etc.
Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all. We signed a ten-year insurance-backed guarantee with the company that could be transferred to the new owners, then started marketing the property through an agent.
In fact we found a buyer pretty quickly and they didn’t beat us down on price as we’d already done much for the treatment. Knotweed doesn’t need to be a deal-breaker, as long as you’re upfront about it.
37．Why did the writer probably decide to sell the flat
A．To remind others to be honest. B．To escape the trouble of knotweed.
C．To avoid the crowded living space. D．To relieve the anger of being cheated.
38．What can we know about knotweed from the text
A．It is planted for home decoration. B．It is a wild plant seen only in spring.
C．It would cause much trouble to people’s life. D．It aroused writer’s attention at very beginning.
39．How did the writer succeed in selling the flat at a reasonable price
A．By showing tricks to the buyer. B．By taking effort to treat the knotweed.
C．By finding a well-known property agent. D．By decorating the flat with a fantastic garden.
40．Which of the following best describes the writer
A．Dependable and responsible. B．Patient and modest.
C．Helpless and embarrassed. D．Careless and greedy.
参考答案：
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.(但当热浪席卷城市时，就不那么令人愉快了)”可知，这座城市是非常闷热的。由此可知，“The sweltering city”指的是这座闷热的城市，划线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power.(虽然室外冷却系统已经存在了一段时间，但大多数都使用某种水或喷雾系统来冷却周围的空气，消耗了太多的水和电力)”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.(当零下196度的液氮变成气体时，会产生很强的压力，这种压力被用来驱动机械发动机。正是这个机械发动机缓慢地释放出冰冷的氮气来冷却周围的空气)”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv.(以色列Kinonko公司生产的室外冷却系统开始在Tel Aviv进行测试)”和最后一段“The technology is unique and amazing.(这项技术是独特而令人惊叹的)”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.(该冷却系统预计将于2024年上市)”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者乔托·迪·邦多内，介绍了其艺术特色，和绘画技巧等。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cimabue, the greatest painter in medieval Italy, was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works. “Shoo!” he shouted, but it remained still. Finally, he reached out to touch the insect. To his surprise, he found only wet paint. Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.(契马布埃是中世纪意大利最伟大的画家，当他发现一只苍蝇落在他的一幅作品上时，他大吃一惊。他喊道“嘘”，但它仍然静止不动。最后，他伸出手去摸那只昆虫。令他吃惊的是，他只发现了未干的油漆。实际上，乔托是在契马布埃不在的时候画的这只苍蝇，它看起来如此逼真，以至于契马布埃完全被愚弄了。)”可知，第一段提到苍蝇是为了说明这只苍蝇画得栩栩如生。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue, who happened to be passing by, saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice(学徒).(传说他在放羊的时候在一块石头上画了一幅画，碰巧经过的画家契马布埃看到了他的作品，对他的才华印象深刻，把他收进了自己的画室当学徒。)”可知，契马布埃将乔托收为自己的学徒是因为觉得乔托极具艺术天赋，有发展前途。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the Middle Ages, an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could, which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas. In fact, art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut.(在中世纪，学徒的工作是尽可能准确地模仿他的主人，这导致了明显缺乏新想法。事实上，中世纪的艺术似乎已经变得呆板无新意。)”可知，中世纪的艺术缺乏创新。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.(他画他所看到的人的样子，而不是像其他艺术家画的那样过于高大和四四方方的人。)”以及“Instead, Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby, which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.(相反，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿，强调了孩子和母亲之间的人际关系。)”可知，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿是运用了写实的方式描绘人物。故选A。
9．A
10．D
11．D
12．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物生产的种子数量。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real street. The setup mimicked urban light pollution.”（研究人员在远离真正街道的瑞士草地上架起了路灯。这个装置模仿了城市的光污染。）可知，路灯竖立在草地上是为了模拟城市的光污染。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in producing seeds). “For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night,” says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland.”（夜间昆虫访客的减少可能意味着植物间授粉的花粉减少(产生种子的第一步)。瑞士伯尔尼大学的生态学家伊娃·诺普说：“对于蓟来说，白天授粉者的来访并不能弥补夜间的损失。”）可知，昆虫更少可能意味着植物之间的授粉减少(授粉是结籽的第一步)，对于这种蓟来说，白天授粉者的造访并不能弥补晚上的损失，由此推断，这种植物依靠昆虫来帮助结籽。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. Therefore, a lot of pollinators working day and night shifts could be affected, which is what Knop worries about.”（随着时间的推移，夜晚的光线会减少种子数量，这意味着新植物的数量会减少。植物的减少意味着白天昆虫的食物和庇护所的减少。因此，许多白班和夜班的传粉者可能会受到影响，这是Knop担心的事情。）可知，光污染影响传粉者的食物和栖身之地。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段中的“A new study finds too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant produces”（一项新的研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物产生的种子数量。）可知，文章介绍了一项新研究。该研究发现夜间过多的光照会减少植物生产的种子数量。C选项“光污染可以影响植物的种子数量”最符合文章主旨。故选C项。
13．D
14．A
15．D
16．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Blinkist是一款以快速阅读的形式来总结非虚构小说的应用程序。然而在作者看来，这款应用程序所提供的阅读方式并不是真正的阅读，因为真正的阅读是需要我们全身心地投入到书中的。
13．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.”(这个想法是将伟大的书籍简化为一个句子。例如，美国作家Herman Melville的《白鲸》就被简化为:“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”)”和划线句子下文“How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓)of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages (一句话怎么能表达出一部五百多页的杰作的精髓呢？)”可知，作者和朋友想把一些伟大的书籍简化为一个句子，但是当他们把《白鲸》简化为：“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”时，他们发现用一句话是根本无法表达出一部五百多页杰作的精髓，他们简直是在自取其辱。由此可推知，划线句子，与D项“自取其辱”意思接近。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.(Blinkist，一个网站和一个应用程序，现在号称为“blinks”的快速形式总结非小说标题。最终的结果是不止一句话，但不多。莎拉·贝克威尔的《在存在主义咖啡馆》被分解成11个信息屏幕；米歇尔·奥巴马的《成为》占了13个屏幕)”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是Blinkist。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. (阅读最好的地方就是它的低效率。当我们阅读一本书时，我们需要全身心的投入，让它控制我们，要求我们做一些事情，教会我们它能做什么。”可知，作者认为理想的阅读模式是全身心地投入到书中。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.(Blinkist是一个为那些实际上并不想读书的人更换书籍的服务。15分钟的摘要没有抓住阅读的要点；使用应用程序进行快速阅读根本就不是阅读)”可推知，作者对Blinkist的态度是否定的。故选B。
17．D
18．B
19．C
20．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了一对夫妻悲惨的生活。
17．推理判断题。根据Oliver和Jenny的对话““Hey, Oliver, let’s go to see Becket tonight.” “Listen, it’s three bucks.”“What do you mean ” “I mean a buck fifty for you and a buck fifty for me.” “Does that mean yes or no ” “Neither. It just means three bucks.”(“Oliver,，我们今晚去看贝克特吧。”“听着，三块钱。”“你什么意思？”“我是说一块五给你，一块五给我。“这是否意味着去还是不去呢？”“都不是。就是三块钱。”)”可知，Oliver想省下看电影的钱，由此可推知，他很节俭，故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I think it’s a tribute (致敬)to us both that after a long day of being kind to our customers, for we were largely dependent on their tips for our income,(我觉得在一整天对我们的客户很好之后，这是对我们两个的致敬，因为我们的收入很大程度上依赖于他们的小费)”可知，Oliver和Jenny对顾客很友好，是因为他们需要从顾客那里得到小费。故选B。
19．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“It had originally been a two-family structure, now changed into four apartments, overpriced even at its “cheap” rental. (它最初是一个两户式的结构，现在变成了四套公寓，即使以它“便宜”的租金也定价过高。)”可知，公寓很小，不像样，而且价格还贵。由此可推知，Jennifer说公寓“In the state of disrepair”，意味着公寓不像样，故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“If a single word can describe our daily life during those first three years, it is “scrounge”(讨要). Every waking moment we were concentrating on how the hell we would be able to save up enough coins to do whatever it was we had to do. Even the simplest decision must be inspected by the ever alert budget committee of your mind.(如果说有一个词可以形容我们头三年的日常生活，那就是“乞讨”。我们醒着的每一分钟都在关注怎样才能攒够足够的钱去做我们必须做的事情。即使是最简单的决定也必须经过你心目中永远警惕的预算委员会的审查)”可知，文章主要描述了一对夫妻的悲惨生活，B项“一对夫妻的悲惨生活”适合做文章标题，故选B。
21．D
22．A
23．C
24．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Farm My School的项目，未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园。学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个项目，大家都很支持。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.(Farm My School项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地转变为可商业化的、可再生的市场花园，由当地社区耕种)”可知，成立Farm My School是为了将未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary. (学校把这些都融入到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，供当地家庭食用，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个项目。故选A。
23．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. (我们为这次体验收费，结果有600个人来了!他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜)”可知，社区的人都来支持他们的活动。由此猜测，画线词意思是“支持”，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据最后一段““For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.(Ben补充说：“对我们来说，最大的兴奋是，通过允许职业农民承担种植粮食的责任，不再只有学校来照看农场，这最终使它更可持续。”)”可知，Ben认为这个项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B。
25．D
26．A
27．C
28．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。
25．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point. (当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答说：“好吧，我的英语/汉语等都说得很好。”但这种说法没有切中要害。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different (根据新加坡英语使用者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，沟通清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就应该是错误的？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在为使用方言进行辩护。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. (像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们演讲背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“. We all do! (从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故A项“Everyone Has an Accent (每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选A。
29．C
30．C
31．A
32．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伊曼纽尔度过了凄惨的童年，后来他决心改变这一切，他全身心地投入到学校的学习中，他用自己的努力完成了人生的逆袭。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Emanuel never thought would be possible. (伊曼纽尔从未想过这是可能的)”可知，划线单词的意思是“不可置信的”，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members. (伊曼纽尔在收养系统和家庭成员之间度过了一个不确定的童年)”可知，他在童年时期曾经被亲戚们收养，故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Determined to change all that despite his rocky start in life, Emanuel involved himself in school - doing everything he could to earn extra tuition (学费) money in his spare time. (尽管伊曼纽尔的人生起步艰难，但他决心改变这一切，他投身于学校—在业余时间尽一切努力赚取额外的学费。)”可知，伊曼纽尔是坚韧且意志坚定的，故选A。
32．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了伊曼纽尔在童年时期就失去了父母，在收养系统和家庭成员之间度过了一个不确定的童年。后来他决心改变这一切，他全身心地投入到学校的学习中。在业余时间 ，他尽一切可能来赚取额外的学费。最后，在政府的资助下完成了大学学业。他以一等荣誉学位毕业于西印度群岛大学 ，并继续攻读硕士学位。最后收到理查德英格利希教授的电子邮件，鼓励他申请贝尔法斯特的政治博士学位。他用自己的努力完成了人生的逆袭。因此文章的主要目的是为了告诉我们：你是自己生活的建筑师，故选D。
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是野生动物过境点是人造结构，如地下通道、天桥或涵洞，帮助动物安全地在栖息地周围移动，不仅保护动物和生物多样性。一项新的研究发现，它们还可以减少汽车碰撞的次数，节省大量资金。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I thought it would be useful to provide some information on the financial benefits of wildlife crossing structures for policymakers, transportation planners, and conservationists(我认为，为政策制定者、交通规划者和环保主义者提供一些关于野生动物过境结构的经济效益的信息将是有用的。)”可知，Sugiarto认为该研究对政策制定者、交通规划者和环保主义者提供了一些关于野生动物国境结构的经济效用的信息，这是有用的，故表示这些提供的信息是必要的。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings in Washington State from 2011 to 2020. Then he made adjustments based on how close the crossings were to other structures and the time it took to build them. (他研究了2011年至2020年华盛顿州22个野生动物过境点中13个的数据。然后，他根据十字路口与其他建筑物的距离以及建造它们所需的时间进行了调整。)”可知，该项研究通过对专业数据的分析而开展的。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Besides, the findings are timely. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act passed in 2021 includes $350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings.(此外，这些发现是及时的。2021年通过的《基础设施投资和就业法案》包括在五年内为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。)”可知，正是这项研究发现及时地公布，才通过了《基础设施投资和就业法案》，由此为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Before working on this research, I wasn’t aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions.(在从事这项研究之前，我不知道有任何减少野生动物车辆碰撞的策略。)”以及“However, it turns out that there are multiple strategies to handle issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and that we can do something about them.(然而，事实证明，有多种策略可以处理与野生动物车辆碰撞有关的问题，我们可以对此采取一些措施。)”可知，通过该项研究，改变了他对野生动物车辆碰撞的看法。故选C。
37．C
38．C
39．B
40．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者购买的房屋中有蓼科杂草，但是作者不想任何人再遭受任何痛苦，于是努力清理这种植物，最终成功卖出了公寓。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“We bought our two-bedroom flat in 2014, when it was just the two of us. But after having three kids it became too small, so we sold it last year.(2014年，我们买了一套只有我们两个人的两居室公寓。但是生了三个孩子后，房子太小了，所以我们去年把它卖了)”可知，作者可能决定出售公寓是为了避开拥挤的生活空间。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段“But then we started reading all the horror stories and became really concerned — people couldn’t get a mortgage; they couldn’t sell; the plant was creeping through concrete etc.(但后来我们开始读到所有可怕的故事，变得非常担心——人们无法获得抵押贷款；他们卖不出去；这种植物在混凝土中爬行)”可知，蓼科杂草会给人们的生活带来很多麻烦。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”可知，作者通过努力清除蓼科杂草成功地以合理的价格出售公寓。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“It had been such an unpleasant and stressful experience for us and we didn’t want to have anyone else suffer any longer.(这对我们来说是一种不愉快和有压力的经历，我们不想让任何人再遭受任何痛苦)”；倒数第二段“Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”以及最后一段“In fact we found a buyer pretty quickly and they didn’t beat us down on price as we’d already done much for the treatment. Knotweed doesn’t need to be a deal-breaker, as long as you’re upfront about it.(事实上，我们很快就找到了买家，他们并没有在价格上打压我们，因为我们已经为清除做了很多。蓼科杂草不需要成为一个破坏者，只要你坦率地面对它)”可推知，作者可靠负责。故选A。
There is nothing quite like enjoying the sights, sounds and culture of a city while tasting a cup of coffee outdoors. But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city. An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place to try the new technology.
With global warming heating up the temperature, it will soon be too hot to sit outside in cafes. While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power. After two years of development, the perfect solution to the problem was found. “We have invented a new generation of air conditioner, ” Kinonko CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer introduced, the energy is from the pressure created between liquid nitrogen (氮) and gas nitrogen. When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.
The technology is unique and amazing. Beyond the coolness of the concept, it also has other advantages. The work unit doesn’t need to be power-driven, and doesn’t blow out harmful warm air as it works. As for the potential price, it will probably be no more expensive than any other air conditioner. In addition, the liquid nitrogen container will need to be replaced every seven to ten days, depending on usage. This makes it an affordable option for all sorts of businesses. The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.
1．What does the underlined word “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1
A．Warm.
B．Dry.
C．Hot.
D．Freezing.
2．What problem does the existing outdoor cooling systems have
A．They are wasteful.
B．They overheat easily.
C．They often break down.
D．They are slow to cool the air.
3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain
A．What powers the engine.
B．What turns liquid into gas.
C．How the pressure is formed.
D．How the new system works.
4．What is the purpose of this text
A．To promote a company.
B．To settle an energy crisis.
C．To introduce a technology.
D．To market a misting system.
Cimabue,the greatest painter in medieval Italy, was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works.“Shoo!”he shouted, but it remained still. Finally, he reached out to touch the insect. To his surprise, he found only wet paint. Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.
Giotto di Bondone was born in a poor farming family. Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue,who happened to be passing by, saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice(学徒).
In the Middle Ages,an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could, which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas. In fact,art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut. The people in paintings didn’t look like real people,and the symbolism of art was often so remote that it must have been difficult for viewers to connect with it on a personal level. But Giotto thought art could be something more.
To accomplish this goal, Giotto adopted many techniques that were uncommon at the time. He painted people the way he saw them,instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted. He created three-dimensional space by using perspective, something that had not been done since Roman times. Finally, he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting. For example, at that time the Christ Child was usually drawn as a mature man who was only a baby in size. This symbolized that Christ was wise even though he was young. Instead,Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby,which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.
The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever.
5．Why does the author mention the fly event in paragraph 1
A．To prove the pupil outdoes the master.
B．To stress the fly was vividly painted.
C．To relate how Cimabue was tricked.
D．To demonstrate art has no limits.
6．Why did Cimabue decide to instruct Giotto
A．Giotto would be a helpful assistant.
B．Cimabue desired to rid Giotto of poverty.
C．Giotto badly needed Cimabue’s guidance.
D．Cimabue sensed a great potential in Giotto.
7．What can we learn about art in the Middle Ages in paragraph 3
A．It lacked innovation. B．It highlighted realism.
C．It bonded well with viewers. D．It underwent great changes.
8．Why did Giotto paint the Christ Child as a baby
A．To portray people in a realistic way.
B．To try the technique of perspective.
C．To distinguish himself from other painters.
D．D．To bring a sense of symbolism to his painting.
A new study finds too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant produces. Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real street. The setup mimicked(模拟) urban light pollution. In these now-light-polluted fields, flowers had 62 percent fewer night visitors — insect pollinators (传粉者)— than the flowers in dark meadows did.
Cabbage thistles are the most common flowers in these meadows. Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen (花粉) pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in producing seeds). “For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night,” says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. Overall, night-lit plants produced one-eighth fewer seeds than plants that got full nights of darkness did.
“Light pollution might affect a whole network of plants and their pollinators,” Knop and her colleagues now suggest. Indeed, night pollination is not just a lonely business for a few special plants. There are lots of links between production of pollen by night and that by day. Plants with a lot of night visits are often very busy by day, too. Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. Therefore, a lot of pollinators working day and night shifts could be affected, which is what Knop worries about.
The new study is the first to show how artificial light affects plants’ ability to produce seeds. The test is also unusual because it considers all kinds of insect pollinators instead of focusing only on night-flying insects. The researchers paid special attention to the cabbage thistle, but they also mapped which kinds of insects visited other plants by day or night.
9．Why were street lights put up in the meadows
A．To copy light pollution.
B．To promote urbanization.
C．To accelerate plant growth.
D．To attract insect pollinators.
10．What can be inferred about cabbage thistles
A．They attract only night visitors.
B．They grow slowly during the night.
C．They are the most common Swiss flowers.
D．They rely on insects to help produce seeds.
11．Light pollution affects pollinators’ ________.
A．sight
B．numbers
C．growth
D．food and shelter
12．What is the main idea of the text
A．Plants attract more insects due to light pollution.
B．Night-flying insects matter more than daytime ones.
C．Light pollution may affect plants’ seed numbers.
D．Researchers found ways to protect the environment.
When I was young, a friend and I came up with a “big” plan to make reading easy. The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.” As it turned out, the joke was on us. How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓) of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages
Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.
Blinkist has been around since 2012. It calls its summaries “15-minute discoveries” to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. “Almost none of us,” the editors assure us, “have the time to read everything we’d like to read.”
But I think a book is something we ought to live with, rather than speed through and categorize. It offers an experience as real as any other. The point of reading a book is not accumulating information, or at least not that alone. The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader. The idea behind Blinkist, however, is the opposite: Reading can be, should be, measured by the efficient uptake (吸收) of key ideas.
No, no, no. What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.
13．What does the underlined part “the joke was on us” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．We were actually joking. B．We were laughed at by others.
C．We were underestimating’ ourselves. D．We were just embarrassing ourselves.
14．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．What Blinkist is. B．Why Blinkist is popular.
C．How to use Blinkist. D．Where you can use Blinkist.
15．What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author
A．Obtaining key ideas efficiently. B．Further confirming our beliefs.
C．Accumulating information quickly. D．Deeply involving ourselves in books.
16．What is the author’s attitude to Blinkist
A．Positive. B．Negative C．Uncaring. D．Tolerant.
If a single word can describe our daily life during those first three years, it is “scrounge”(讨要). Every waking moment we were concentrating on how the hell we would be able to save up enough coins to do whatever it was we had to do. Even the simplest decision must be inspected by the ever alert budget committee of your mind.
“Hey, Oliver, let’s go to see Becket tonight.”
“Listen, it’s three bucks.”
“What do you mean ”
“ I mean a buck fifty for you and a buck fifty for me.”
“Does that mean yes or no ”
“Neither. It just means three bucks.”
Our honeymoon was spent on a yacht and with twenty-one children. That is, I sailed from 7 o’clock in the morning till whenever my passengers had enough, and Jenny was a children’s counselor. It was a place called the Pequod Boat Club in Dennis Port-an establishment that included a large hotel, a marina and several dozen houses for rent. In one of the tinier bungalows (平房), I have nailed an imaginary plaque (匾牌): “Oliver and Jenny slept here”. I think it’s a tribute (致敬) to us both that after a long day of being kind to our customers, for we were largely dependent on their tips for our income, Jenny and I were nonetheless kind to each other: I simply say “kind”, because I lack the vocabulary to describe what loving and being loved by Jennifer Cavilleri is like. Sorry, I mean Jennifer Barrett.
Before leaving for the Cape, we found a cheap apartment in North Cambridge, which was, as Jenny described it, “in the state of disrepair”. It had originally been a two-family structure, now changed into four apartments, overpriced even at its “cheap” rental. But what the hell can graduate students do It’s a seller’s market.
17．What can we learn from the conversation between Oliver and Jenny
A．Neither of them wanted to see Becket. B．They didn’t have three bucks.
C．Jenny was wasting money. D．Oliver was an economical man.
18．Why were Oliver and Jenny friendly to customers
A．They were both counselors for children. B．They needed to get tips from customers.
C．They didn’t have enough room to live in. D．That was the rule on the yacht.
19．What does Jennifer imply about their apartment by saying “In the state of disrepair”
A．It was not cheap. B．It was not distant.
C．It was not decent. D．It was not luxurious.
20．Which might be the best title of the passage
A．A couple’s debt repayment process B．A couple’s miserable life
C．A couple’s honeymoon trip D．A couple’s holiday on a yacht
The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.
Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction, and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.
Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world’s largest no-dig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We’ve got true community buy-in.”
Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.
21．Why was Farm My School founded
A．To raise the income of the local people.
B．To advocate a commercial farming plan.
C．To provide free food for local communities.
D．To turn underused campus land into market gardens.
22．How do schools involve students into the program
A．By developing program-based courses.
B．By organizing voluntary work in communities.
C．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens.
D．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes.
23．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3
A．Competition. B．Investment. C．Support. D．Protection.
24．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben
A．It brings in money to support the school. B．The school farm will be able to last long.
C．The local people will take care of the farm. D．Students connect more with the outside world.
When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point.
More often than not, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this definition of accents is limiting and could give rise to prejudice. Funnily enough, in terms of the language study, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect is a version of a language that is characterized by its variations of structure, phrases and words. For instance,” You got eat or not “(meaning “Have you eaten ” ) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different
We need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone.
Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
25．What does the author think of his/ her friends’response in paragraph 1
A．It reflects their self confidence.
B．It reflects their language levels.
C．It misses the point of communication.
D．It misses the real meaning of accents.
26．Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English
A．To justify the use of dialects.
B．To show the diversity of dialects.
C．To correct a grammatical mistake.
D．To highlight a traditional approach.
27．What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph
A．Learn to speak with your local dialect.
B．Seek for an official definition of accents.
C．Appreciate the value of accents and dialects.
D．Distinguish our local languages from others’.
28．What can be a suitable title for this passage
A．Everyone Has an Accent
B．Accents Enhance Our Identities
C．Dialects Lead to Misunderstanding
D．Standard English Is at Risk
When Emanuel received an email from Professor Richard English at Queen’s University, who encouraged him to apply for a PhD in Politics in Belfast, it was a pinch-me moment Emanuel never thought would be possible. After all, just a few short years ago, he was living on the streets, couch-surfing at friends’ houses and weeding gardens to make ends meet. Now, one of the world’s leading political academics was preparing to welcome him to Queen’s University over 4,000 miles away.
Emanuel never knew who his father was and his mom was mentally ill when she gave birth to him, so the hospital took him off her and he was unofficially adopted for the first few years of his life. What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members.
Through his high school and community college years, he moved from house to house, living with friends at times and living on the streets at others.
Determined to change all that despite his rocky start in life, Emanuel involved himself in school — doing everything he could to earn extra tuition (学费) money in his spare time. But getting accepted into university was scarcely possible because a person like him couldn’t get a regular student loan.
Fortunately, the government backed him, having created a policy allowing disadvantaged persons to access funding for higher education. He graduated from the University of the West Indies with a 1st Class Honors degree and went on to do his Masters.
Emanuel knows that his story could have been very different.
“I discovered Professor Richard English online and sent him an email honestly, not thinking he would reply and to my surprise, he did. I applied for the highly competitive Commonwealth Shared Scholarship Scheme in order to fund my research at Queen’s. When I was told I was successful, my whole world changed.”
29．What does the underlined word “pinch-me” in Paragraph I probably mean
A．Imaginary. B．Anticipated.
C．Unbelievable. D．Embarrassing.
30．What happened to Emanuel in his childhood
A．His father passed away early.
B．He received great parental care.
C．He was once adopted by his relatives.
D．He lived with his friends now and then.
31．Which of the following can best describe Emanuel
A．Tough and strong-willed.
B．Determined and talented.
C．Enthusiastic and generous.
D．Hardworking and attractive.
32．What is the main idea the author wants to convey to us
A．Well begun is half done.
B．Never judge by appearances.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．You are the architect of your own life.
Wildlife crossings, which are human-made structures like underpasses, overpasses, or culverts (涵洞) that help animals move safely around their habitat, don’t just protect animals and biodiversity. They can also reduce the number of car collisions and save significant money, a new study finds.
“I thought it would be useful to provide some information on the financial benefits of wildlife crossing structures for policymakers, transportation planners, and conservationists”, says Wisnu Sugiarto, the author of the study.
For this study, Sugiarto studied collision information from the Washington State Department of Transportation. He examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings in Washington State from 2011 to 2020. Then he made adjustments based on how close the crossings were to other structures and the time it took to build them. He compared the numbers of wildlife-vehicle collisions each year before and after the construction of a wildlife crossing. Then he compared his analysis to that of a separate area in the state with no crossings at all.
“The findings reported that wildlife crossing structures reduced the number of wildlife-vehicle collisions (碰撞)by one to three accidents on average per mile per year, but not all structures had statistically significant effects”,Sugiarto says.
Using financial estimates from other research, he determined that a wildlife crossing offers an annual benefit of between $235,000 and $443,000 every year. ”Earlier studies focused on wildlife crossings in North Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. They found wildlife underpasses and fencing could improve road safety, he says. “My findings complement the earlier studies and are also in favor of improving road safety.”
Besides, the findings are timely. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act passed in 2021 includes $350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings.
‘‘Before working on this research, I wasn’t aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions. I also thought we couldn’t do much about it, partly because we can’t communicate with wildlife or control their movement”, Sugiarto says. “However, it turns out that there are multiple strategies to handle issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and that we can do something about them.”
33．What did Sugiarto think about conducting the study in paragraph 2
A．It is necessary.
B．It is cost effective.
C．It is difficult to conduct.
D．It would educate the pedestrians.
34．How did Sugiarto conduct his study
A．By turning to previous findings.
B．By referring to professional data.
C．By analyzing the cause of collisions.
D．By interviewing different passers-by.
35．Why are Sugiarto's findings considered to be timely
A．They offer a way to ensure road safety.
B．They draw public attention to collisions.
C．They help improve the safety of wildlifb crossings.
D．They provide evidence for new policies on wildlife crossings.
36．What is the effect of the study on Sugiarto
A．It makes him famous.
B．It gives him new topics to explore.
C．It changes his view on wildlife-vehicle collisions.
D．It provides inspiration for him to communicate with wildlife.
When we decided to sell our flat, having been cheated by the previous owner, we thought it was really important to be completely honest with any potential buyers about having knotweed (蓼科杂草) in the garden. It had been such an unpleasant and stressful experience for us and we didn’t want to have anyone else suffer any longer.
We bought our two-bedroom flat in 2014, when it was just the two of us. But after having three kids it became too small, so we sold it last year. The flat has a small garden at the back, but we didn’t know the presence of knotweed until well after we moved in and had a note from our neighbor behind our flat saying that they thought we had knotweed. Then we had a look and found some very small offshoots for this was just around springtime. At that point my husband and I certainly didn’t realize quite how problematic it could be. But then we started reading all the horror stories and became really concerned — people couldn’t get a mortgage; they couldn’t sell; the plant was creeping through concrete etc.
Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all. We signed a ten-year insurance-backed guarantee with the company that could be transferred to the new owners, then started marketing the property through an agent.
In fact we found a buyer pretty quickly and they didn’t beat us down on price as we’d already done much for the treatment. Knotweed doesn’t need to be a deal-breaker, as long as you’re upfront about it.
37．Why did the writer probably decide to sell the flat
A．To remind others to be honest. B．To escape the trouble of knotweed.
C．To avoid the crowded living space. D．To relieve the anger of being cheated.
38．What can we know about knotweed from the text
A．It is planted for home decoration. B．It is a wild plant seen only in spring.
C．It would cause much trouble to people’s life. D．It aroused writer’s attention at very beginning.
39．How did the writer succeed in selling the flat at a reasonable price
A．By showing tricks to the buyer. B．By taking effort to treat the knotweed.
C．By finding a well-known property agent. D．By decorating the flat with a fantastic garden.
40．Which of the following best describes the writer
A．Dependable and responsible. B．Patient and modest.
C．Helpless and embarrassed. D．Careless and greedy.
参考答案：
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“But it is not that enjoyable when heat waves sweep the city.(但当热浪席卷城市时，就不那么令人愉快了)”可知，这座城市是非常闷热的。由此可知，“The sweltering city”指的是这座闷热的城市，划线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“While outdoor cooling systems have existed for a while, most of them use some sort of water or misting system to cool the air around them, consuming too much water and power.(虽然室外冷却系统已经存在了一段时间，但大多数都使用某种水或喷雾系统来冷却周围的空气，消耗了太多的水和电力)”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“When liquid nitrogen at -196 degrees turns into gas, it produces a very strong pressure and the pressure is used to run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slowly releases freezing nitrogen gas to cool down the air around it.(当零下196度的液氮变成气体时，会产生很强的压力，这种压力被用来驱动机械发动机。正是这个机械发动机缓慢地释放出冰冷的氮气来冷却周围的空气)”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“An outdoor cooling system produced by Kinonko, an Israeli (以色列的) company, began to be tested in Tel Aviv.(以色列Kinonko公司生产的室外冷却系统开始在Tel Aviv进行测试)”和最后一段“The technology is unique and amazing.(这项技术是独特而令人惊叹的)”及“The cooling system is expected to be on the market in 2024.(该冷却系统预计将于2024年上市)”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
5．B
6．D
7．A
8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者乔托·迪·邦多内，介绍了其艺术特色，和绘画技巧等。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Cimabue, the greatest painter in medieval Italy, was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works. “Shoo!” he shouted, but it remained still. Finally, he reached out to touch the insect. To his surprise, he found only wet paint. Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away, and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.(契马布埃是中世纪意大利最伟大的画家，当他发现一只苍蝇落在他的一幅作品上时，他大吃一惊。他喊道“嘘”，但它仍然静止不动。最后，他伸出手去摸那只昆虫。令他吃惊的是，他只发现了未干的油漆。实际上，乔托是在契马布埃不在的时候画的这只苍蝇，它看起来如此逼真，以至于契马布埃完全被愚弄了。)”可知，第一段提到苍蝇是为了说明这只苍蝇画得栩栩如生。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue, who happened to be passing by, saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice(学徒).(传说他在放羊的时候在一块石头上画了一幅画，碰巧经过的画家契马布埃看到了他的作品，对他的才华印象深刻，把他收进了自己的画室当学徒。)”可知，契马布埃将乔托收为自己的学徒是因为觉得乔托极具艺术天赋，有发展前途。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the Middle Ages, an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could, which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas. In fact, art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut.(在中世纪，学徒的工作是尽可能准确地模仿他的主人，这导致了明显缺乏新想法。事实上，中世纪的艺术似乎已经变得呆板无新意。)”可知，中世纪的艺术缺乏创新。故选A。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He painted people the way he saw them, instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.(他画他所看到的人的样子，而不是像其他艺术家画的那样过于高大和四四方方的人。)”以及“Instead, Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby, which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.(相反，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿，强调了孩子和母亲之间的人际关系。)”可知，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿是运用了写实的方式描绘人物。故选A。
9．A
10．D
11．D
12．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物生产的种子数量。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers put up street lights in Swiss meadows, far from any real street. The setup mimicked urban light pollution.”（研究人员在远离真正街道的瑞士草地上架起了路灯。这个装置模仿了城市的光污染。）可知，路灯竖立在草地上是为了模拟城市的光污染。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Fewer insect visitors at night could mean less pollen pollinated from plant to plant (the first step in producing seeds). “For the thistles, daytime pollinator visits didn’t make up for this loss at night,” says Eva Knop, an ecologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland.”（夜间昆虫访客的减少可能意味着植物间授粉的花粉减少(产生种子的第一步)。瑞士伯尔尼大学的生态学家伊娃·诺普说：“对于蓟来说，白天授粉者的来访并不能弥补夜间的损失。”）可知，昆虫更少可能意味着植物之间的授粉减少(授粉是结籽的第一步)，对于这种蓟来说，白天授粉者的造访并不能弥补晚上的损失，由此推断，这种植物依靠昆虫来帮助结籽。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Light at night that decreases seed numbers could over time mean fewer new plants. And fewer plants could mean less food and shelter for daytime insects. Therefore, a lot of pollinators working day and night shifts could be affected, which is what Knop worries about.”（随着时间的推移，夜晚的光线会减少种子数量，这意味着新植物的数量会减少。植物的减少意味着白天昆虫的食物和庇护所的减少。因此，许多白班和夜班的传粉者可能会受到影响，这是Knop担心的事情。）可知，光污染影响传粉者的食物和栖身之地。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。阅读全文尤其是第一段中的“A new study finds too much light at night can cut the number of seeds a plant produces”（一项新的研究发现，夜间过多的光照会减少植物产生的种子数量。）可知，文章介绍了一项新研究。该研究发现夜间过多的光照会减少植物生产的种子数量。C选项“光污染可以影响植物的种子数量”最符合文章主旨。故选C项。
13．D
14．A
15．D
16．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Blinkist是一款以快速阅读的形式来总结非虚构小说的应用程序。然而在作者看来，这款应用程序所提供的阅读方式并不是真正的阅读，因为真正的阅读是需要我们全身心地投入到书中的。
13．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. “Moby-Dick” by American writer Herman Melville, for instance, was reduced to: “A whale of a tale about the one that got away.”(这个想法是将伟大的书籍简化为一个句子。例如，美国作家Herman Melville的《白鲸》就被简化为:“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”)”和划线句子下文“How could a single sentence convey the essence (精髓)of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages (一句话怎么能表达出一部五百多页的杰作的精髓呢？)”可知，作者和朋友想把一些伟大的书籍简化为一个句子，但是当他们把《白鲸》简化为：“一个关于逃走的那个人的故事。”时，他们发现用一句话是根本无法表达出一部五百多页杰作的精髓，他们简直是在自取其辱。由此可推知，划线句子，与D项“自取其辱”意思接近。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Blinkist, a website and an app, now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled “blinks”. The end result is more than one sentence, but not by much. Sarah Bakewell’s “At the Existentialist Café” is broken into 11 screens of information; Michelle Obama’s “Becoming” fills 13.(Blinkist，一个网站和一个应用程序，现在号称为“blinks”的快速形式总结非小说标题。最终的结果是不止一句话，但不多。莎拉·贝克威尔的《在存在主义咖啡馆》被分解成11个信息屏幕；米歇尔·奥巴马的《成为》占了13个屏幕)”可知，第二段主要介绍了什么是Blinkist。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“What’s best about reading books is its inefficiency. When reading a book, we need to dive in, let it take over us, demand something of us, teach us what it can. (阅读最好的地方就是它的低效率。当我们阅读一本书时，我们需要全身心的投入，让它控制我们，要求我们做一些事情，教会我们它能做什么。”可知，作者认为理想的阅读模式是全身心地投入到书中。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don’t, in fact, want to read. A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading; speed-reading with the app isn’t reading at all.(Blinkist是一个为那些实际上并不想读书的人更换书籍的服务。15分钟的摘要没有抓住阅读的要点；使用应用程序进行快速阅读根本就不是阅读)”可推知，作者对Blinkist的态度是否定的。故选B。
17．D
18．B
19．C
20．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了一对夫妻悲惨的生活。
17．推理判断题。根据Oliver和Jenny的对话““Hey, Oliver, let’s go to see Becket tonight.” “Listen, it’s three bucks.”“What do you mean ” “I mean a buck fifty for you and a buck fifty for me.” “Does that mean yes or no ” “Neither. It just means three bucks.”(“Oliver,，我们今晚去看贝克特吧。”“听着，三块钱。”“你什么意思？”“我是说一块五给你，一块五给我。“这是否意味着去还是不去呢？”“都不是。就是三块钱。”)”可知，Oliver想省下看电影的钱，由此可推知，他很节俭，故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I think it’s a tribute (致敬)to us both that after a long day of being kind to our customers, for we were largely dependent on their tips for our income,(我觉得在一整天对我们的客户很好之后，这是对我们两个的致敬，因为我们的收入很大程度上依赖于他们的小费)”可知，Oliver和Jenny对顾客很友好，是因为他们需要从顾客那里得到小费。故选B。
19．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“It had originally been a two-family structure, now changed into four apartments, overpriced even at its “cheap” rental. (它最初是一个两户式的结构，现在变成了四套公寓，即使以它“便宜”的租金也定价过高。)”可知，公寓很小，不像样，而且价格还贵。由此可推知，Jennifer说公寓“In the state of disrepair”，意味着公寓不像样，故选C。
20．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“If a single word can describe our daily life during those first three years, it is “scrounge”(讨要). Every waking moment we were concentrating on how the hell we would be able to save up enough coins to do whatever it was we had to do. Even the simplest decision must be inspected by the ever alert budget committee of your mind.(如果说有一个词可以形容我们头三年的日常生活，那就是“乞讨”。我们醒着的每一分钟都在关注怎样才能攒够足够的钱去做我们必须做的事情。即使是最简单的决定也必须经过你心目中永远警惕的预算委员会的审查)”可知，文章主要描述了一对夫妻的悲惨生活，B项“一对夫妻的悲惨生活”适合做文章标题，故选B。
21．D
22．A
23．C
24．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Farm My School的项目，未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园。学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个项目，大家都很支持。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“So it is with Farm My School, a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.(Farm My School项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地转变为可商业化的、可再生的市场花园，由当地社区耕种)”可知，成立Farm My School是为了将未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary. (学校把这些都融入到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，供当地家庭食用，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与这个项目。故选A。
23．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. (我们为这次体验收费，结果有600个人来了!他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜)”可知，社区的人都来支持他们的活动。由此猜测，画线词意思是“支持”，故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据最后一段““For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben.(Ben补充说：“对我们来说，最大的兴奋是，通过允许职业农民承担种植粮食的责任，不再只有学校来照看农场，这最终使它更可持续。”)”可知，Ben认为这个项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B。
25．D
26．A
27．C
28．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。
25．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents, most of them proudly replied, “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of misses the point. (当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答说：“好吧，我的英语/汉语等都说得很好。”但这种说法没有切中要害。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different (根据新加坡英语使用者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，沟通清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就应该是错误的？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在为使用方言进行辩护。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is a distinct part of one’s identity. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way. (像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们演讲背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。
28．主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“In this sense, it’s pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“. We all do! (从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. (每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故A项“Everyone Has an Accent (每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选A。
29．C
30．C
31．A
32．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了伊曼纽尔度过了凄惨的童年，后来他决心改变这一切，他全身心地投入到学校的学习中，他用自己的努力完成了人生的逆袭。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Emanuel never thought would be possible. (伊曼纽尔从未想过这是可能的)”可知，划线单词的意思是“不可置信的”，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What followed was a childhood with uncertainty as Emanuel was passed between the adoption system and family members. (伊曼纽尔在收养系统和家庭成员之间度过了一个不确定的童年)”可知，他在童年时期曾经被亲戚们收养，故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Determined to change all that despite his rocky start in life, Emanuel involved himself in school - doing everything he could to earn extra tuition (学费) money in his spare time. (尽管伊曼纽尔的人生起步艰难，但他决心改变这一切，他投身于学校—在业余时间尽一切努力赚取额外的学费。)”可知，伊曼纽尔是坚韧且意志坚定的，故选A。
32．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了伊曼纽尔在童年时期就失去了父母，在收养系统和家庭成员之间度过了一个不确定的童年。后来他决心改变这一切，他全身心地投入到学校的学习中。在业余时间 ，他尽一切可能来赚取额外的学费。最后，在政府的资助下完成了大学学业。他以一等荣誉学位毕业于西印度群岛大学 ，并继续攻读硕士学位。最后收到理查德英格利希教授的电子邮件，鼓励他申请贝尔法斯特的政治博士学位。他用自己的努力完成了人生的逆袭。因此文章的主要目的是为了告诉我们：你是自己生活的建筑师，故选D。
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是野生动物过境点是人造结构，如地下通道、天桥或涵洞，帮助动物安全地在栖息地周围移动，不仅保护动物和生物多样性。一项新的研究发现，它们还可以减少汽车碰撞的次数，节省大量资金。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I thought it would be useful to provide some information on the financial benefits of wildlife crossing structures for policymakers, transportation planners, and conservationists(我认为，为政策制定者、交通规划者和环保主义者提供一些关于野生动物过境结构的经济效益的信息将是有用的。)”可知，Sugiarto认为该研究对政策制定者、交通规划者和环保主义者提供了一些关于野生动物国境结构的经济效用的信息，这是有用的，故表示这些提供的信息是必要的。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings in Washington State from 2011 to 2020. Then he made adjustments based on how close the crossings were to other structures and the time it took to build them. (他研究了2011年至2020年华盛顿州22个野生动物过境点中13个的数据。然后，他根据十字路口与其他建筑物的距离以及建造它们所需的时间进行了调整。)”可知，该项研究通过对专业数据的分析而开展的。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Besides, the findings are timely. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act passed in 2021 includes $350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings.(此外，这些发现是及时的。2021年通过的《基础设施投资和就业法案》包括在五年内为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。)”可知，正是这项研究发现及时地公布，才通过了《基础设施投资和就业法案》，由此为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Before working on this research, I wasn’t aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions.(在从事这项研究之前，我不知道有任何减少野生动物车辆碰撞的策略。)”以及“However, it turns out that there are multiple strategies to handle issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and that we can do something about them.(然而，事实证明，有多种策略可以处理与野生动物车辆碰撞有关的问题，我们可以对此采取一些措施。)”可知，通过该项研究，改变了他对野生动物车辆碰撞的看法。故选C。
37．C
38．C
39．B
40．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者购买的房屋中有蓼科杂草，但是作者不想任何人再遭受任何痛苦，于是努力清理这种植物，最终成功卖出了公寓。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“We bought our two-bedroom flat in 2014, when it was just the two of us. But after having three kids it became too small, so we sold it last year.(2014年，我们买了一套只有我们两个人的两居室公寓。但是生了三个孩子后，房子太小了，所以我们去年把它卖了)”可知，作者可能决定出售公寓是为了避开拥挤的生活空间。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段“But then we started reading all the horror stories and became really concerned — people couldn’t get a mortgage; they couldn’t sell; the plant was creeping through concrete etc.(但后来我们开始读到所有可怕的故事，变得非常担心——人们无法获得抵押贷款；他们卖不出去；这种植物在混凝土中爬行)”可知，蓼科杂草会给人们的生活带来很多麻烦。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”可知，作者通过努力清除蓼科杂草成功地以合理的价格出售公寓。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段“It had been such an unpleasant and stressful experience for us and we didn’t want to have anyone else suffer any longer.(这对我们来说是一种不愉快和有压力的经历，我们不想让任何人再遭受任何痛苦)”；倒数第二段“Then we treated the offshoots with glyphosate and as far as we knew it was completely gone. Before we put the property on the market we had the house checked by some specialists, who thoroughly inspected everything, including the connecting garden, and couldn’t find anything at all.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”以及最后一段“In fact we found a buyer pretty quickly and they didn’t beat us down on price as we’d already done much for the treatment. Knotweed doesn’t need to be a deal-breaker, as long as you’re upfront about it.(事实上，我们很快就找到了买家，他们并没有在价格上打压我们，因为我们已经为清除做了很多。蓼科杂草不需要成为一个破坏者，只要你坦率地面对它)”可推知，作者可靠负责。故选A。