2022-2023 学年度下学期高二年级四月监测
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1-5 ACCBA 6-10 CBCBB 11-15 BACCA 16-20 BBCCB
第二部分 阅读理解
21-23 CAB 24-27 DBCC 28-31 DBAC 32-35 BACD 36-40 AEBCG
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 完形填空
41-45 ABDDC 46-50 ACADD 51-55 BCABB
第二节 语篇填空
56．the 57．global 58．held 59．is 60．has made 61．equipment 62．to
ensure 63．yearly 64．if/when 65．to
第四部分 写作
第一节 应用文写作
66．Dear Mr. Forbes,
As you may know, an event, where students in our grade will give presentations on the theme of
“Environmental Conservation”, is scheduled for 4 p.m. next Monday in the auditorium. I am writing on behalf of
the Student Union to invite you to attend and to be the judge.
Here is some detailed information. The event aims to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection
and kindle their passion for doing research in English. There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a
class in our grade. As the judge, you are expected to develop evaluation standards, score their presentations, and
give comments on their performance.
If you have any questions, I will be glad to discuss them with you in person.
Thank you for your time and consideration. We are looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
Paragraph 1:
When her mother, Betty, entered my ward (病房), I burst into tears. Throat tight, mouth dry and heart
pounding, I murmured, “We’d been wearing lap belts, but ... I’d cracked my cheekbone on the steering wheel:
Joyce’s forehead had split wide open on the dash...I...” bracing myself for her anger. She just took my hand, “I
rear-ended my best friend when I was your age, damaging her car and mine.” Frowning with shamefulness and
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sorrow, I made repetitive apologies to her. “Above all, you’re both alive. Yolanda” Betty said the rest was
insignificant, adding that everyone makes mistakes, she could forgive me and Joyce would too.
Paragraph 2:
I had never expected Betty’s forgiveness, which brightened up that autumn, and the rest of our life.
Joyce and I recovered soon and months later I was blessed with the courage behind the wheel. We stayed friends
throughout high school and college, came in each other’s weddings, and even watched my son hang out with her
daughter. I think of Betty’s gift of forgiveness every time I’m tempted to feel angry about someone for a
forgivable wrong. And whenever I see Joyce, the scars are so faded no one else would notice, but in the sunlight I
can still see the faint line just below her hairline—for me, an imprint of grace.
和词汇用法均可接受。
听力原文
Text 1 【原文】
M: Hi, Mary. Long time no see. Do you often shop here
W: Yes, I live near this supermarket. My apartment is across from Yushanhu Park.
Text 2【原文】
W: Daisy, what are you going to do for your winter vacation
M: I planned to go to Hong Kong and visit Hong Kong Disneyland. But I’ll have to stay at home and study
because my schoolwork is not satisfactory.
Text 3【原文】
M: Linda, how many people signed up for the race last week
W: About 60, but only twenty of them took part in it.
Text 4【原文】
M: Annie, I’m going to miss Mr Wang. Why isn’t he going to teach us this term
W: He just became our headmaster.
Text 5【原文】
M: Hey, Dora! What kind of book do you like I’m fond of history books and biographies of scientists.
W: They are not my cup of tea. I prefer English novels.
Text 6
W: What have you got for your lunch
M: Oh, nothing special. Just the same old egg sandwiches.
W: Why do you always have them
M: I suppose it’s just my habit. I’ve always got eggs in the fridge. Sandwiches are easy to make. But to be honest,
I am quite bored of eating them every day!
W: Interesting. Shall we forget the sandwiches today and have lunch in a local restaurant
M: I suppose we could.
W: Come on, I’m hungry. We could try out that new place on the main street near our office. I fancy beef noodles.
M: Sure, whatever you say. You’re in charge of the office, and I like the idea of no sandwiches anyway! I’ll try
chicken and rice today!
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Text 7 【原文】
W: Good afternoon, Dr Anderson’s office.
M: Hello, this is John speaking. And I was hoping I could come to see the doctor today.
W: Are you a patient of Doctor Anderson
M: No. I’m just in this town at a meeting lately and the hotel manager suggested that I call you.
W: OK. The doctor will be working until 6:00. So you should come before then.
Text 8 【原文】
M: Have you got any information about your husband from Philippines
W: Yes, he phoned me yesterday.
M: Could you tell me why he went there
W: Sure. He went there together with his seven members, helping the people suffering from the floods.
M: Do you know when he will be back
W: He said he would be back the next week.
M: How long has he stayed there
W: Two weeks, but he told me that he would stay there another two days.
M: I will see him when he is back.
W: OK. I will inform you.
Text 9 【原文】
W: Good morning. Youth Council. Caroline speaking.
M: Hello, this is Roger Brown. I’d like to join the Youth Council, and I was told to give you a call.
W: OK. I’m Caroline, the Youth Council administrator. So do you know much about what the council does,
Roger
M: I’ve talked to Stephanie—I think she’s the chair of the council.
W: That’s right.
M: And she told me a lot about it: how it’s a way for young people to discuss local issues, for example, and make
suggestions to the town council. That’s what made me interested.
W: Fine. Please let me take down some of your details. First of all, how old are you You know the council is for
young people aged from 13 to 18
M: Yes. I’ve just turned 17.
W: And where do you live, Roger
M: Well, that’s a bit complicated. At the moment I’m looking for a flat to rent nearby, so I’m in a hostel from
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Monday to Friday. And I plan to go to my parents’ place at the weekend.
Text 10 【原文】
M: Today I’m going to tell you about local food and eating out. Well, most of us buy our food in
supermarkets these days but we’re very lucky to have a wonderful market here. It was at first in front of the bank
but at the beginning of the twentieth century it was moved to a place by the river. When the new shopping center
was built in the 1960s, it found a home under the two-storey car park where it still is.
The market is now open six days a week. From Tuesday to Saturday you can buy fresh fruit and vegetables
as well as various sea foods. But on Sunday, you’ll find a different market, where local people sell what they have
made—things like bags, cards, clothes. During the weekdays, there are shops selling old furniture.
People often ask what our local dish is. Our fish is good of course but there isn’t one particular dish that
stands out. What we do have is an apple cake that isn’t really made anywhere else. There’s a new cafe: Barton’s,
which bakes them fresh and serves them with homemade ice cream.
Now every morning local fishermen sell their day’s catch. They’ve been doing that for long but the harbor
looks very different from a few years ago. Most of the restaurants used to be at the far end, but that part was
redeveloped and the restaurants have to move to the other end.
答案详解
21．C 22．A 23．B
【导语】本文是应用文。主要介绍了长岛上的四个餐馆和室外冰屋。
21．细节理解题。根据小标题 Coach Meeting House 下的段落中“Igloos seat six to ten people, with reservations
for a minimum $200 spend. More information: 516-588-9288, coachgrillandtavernoysterbay.com.(冰屋可容纳 6
到 10 人，至少要花 200 美元预订。更多信息：516-588-9288, coachgrillandtavernoysterbay.com)”可知，九个
人一起吃饭时应该打 516-588-9288 这个电话。故选 C 项。
22．细节理解题。根据小标题 Mirabelle Tavern 下的段落中“It features cushioned wooden chairs, a coffee table,
oversized pillows and plenty of lighting.(它有软垫木椅，咖啡桌，超大的枕头和充足的照明)”，以及小标题
Coach Meeting House 下的段落中“There’s a courtyard dressed in holiday lights with heated igloos, allowing
guests the option to lounge inside or out.(有一个庭院，装饰着节日灯光和加热的冰屋，让客人可以选择在室
内或室外休息)”，和小标题 Brew Cheese 下的段落中“Located in an alleyway, the eatery has four igloos, which
features greenery, lighting and a portable radiator.(这家餐厅位于一条小巷里，有四个冰屋，以绿色植物、照明
和便携式散热器为特色)”可知，Mirabelle Tavern，Coach Meeting House 和 Brew Cheese 都可以享受灯光，
而 Smuggler Jack’s 中没有提到。故选 A 项。
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23．推理判断题。根据本文标题“Long Island Restaurants with Outdoor Igloos(长岛餐厅与室外冰屋)”可知，
本文主要介绍了长岛上的餐厅和冰屋，由此可推知，可以在旅游手册上找到本文。故选 B 项。
24．D 25．B 26．C 27．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者分享自己的一次拍摄短片电影的经历。
24．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Through a short film festival at our school our crew decided to develop a simple
story focusing on friendship, growth and hospice (临终的) care.”（通过在我们学校举办的一个短片电影节，我
们一帮人决定拍摄一个关于友谊、成长和临终关怀的简单故事。）可知，作者拍摄短片电影，是为了参加
学校举办的一个短片电影节。故选 D。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段中“As usual, I adjusted the camera to produce the best image.”（像往常一样，我
调整了照相机以产生最好的图像。）可知，作者负责摄像，故选 B。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“I had a great time producing a short film with my other crew members, immersing
(使沉浸) myself in the scene, the light and shadow seen through the camera lens, and the warmth of intimate
friendship.”（我和其他一帮人一起制作了一部短片，让自己沉浸在场景中，沉浸在镜头中的光影中，沉浸
在亲密友谊的温暖中。）最后一段“Through this experience, I realized that making short films is not only about
creating art, but also about creating shared stories and bonds that last a lifetime.”（通过这次经历，我意识到制作
短片不仅仅是创造艺术，也是创造共有的故事和持续一生的纽带。）可知，在作者看来，这次短片电影的
拍摄给自己提供了创造共有的故事和持续一生的纽带，即这是一次建立亲密朋友关系的机会。故选 C。
27．推理判断题。通读全文，文章在第一段提到作者和其他一帮人一起拍摄了一部关于友谊、成长和临终
关怀的简单故事短片，自己享受着那份成果，进而在第二段提到他们创作的故事的内容，接下来的内容提
到了拍摄的过程及这次拍摄给自己带来的感悟，所以本文主要是作者分享自己的一次拍摄短片电影的经历。
故选 C。
28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了生活在国际空间站对宇航员精神方面的挑战。
28．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Astronauts are often seen to display anxiety or depression as they adjust to the
novelty of space, according to post-psychiatric screenings of astronauts. Other causes of stress are the high
pressure of work while being under frequent public observation, being away from home and family, and missing
important events.(根据对宇航员进行的精神病学后筛查，宇航员在适应太空的新颖环境时经常表现出焦虑或
抑郁。其他造成压力的原因还包括工作压力大、经常被公众关注、远离家乡和家人、错过重要活动等)”可
推知，暴露在太空的极端环境中最有可能对宇航员的情绪产生影响。故选 D。
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29．词句猜测题。从画线部分前“circadian rhythm (生理节律)”和其后结果状语“resulting in poor quality of
sleep (导致糟糕的睡眠)”可推知，宇航员的生理节律紊乱或失去控制会导致糟糕的睡眠。故划线部分 goes
completely haywire 意为“完全失控”，与 become out of control 同义。故选 B。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“The crew is not only responsible for the scientific experimentation and research
being conducted onboard, but also the upkeep and maintenance of the vessel (成员们不仅要负责在飞机上进行
的科学实验和研究，还要负责飞机的维护和保养)”及第四段中“The most common effect of space is the initial
contact — getting used to such an alien environment.(太空最常见的影响是最初的接触——习惯这样一个陌生
的环境)”和“Other causes of stress are the high pressure of work while being under frequent public observation,
being away from home and family, and missing important events.(其他造成压力的原因还包括工作压力大、经
常被公众关注、远离家乡和家人、错过重要活动等)”可知，国际空间站的宇航员要适应一个全新环境，还
要做各种实验和研究，压力是很大的。故选 A。
31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后两段内容可知，本文主要讲述在国际空间站生活对宇航员精
神上的挑战，故选 C。
32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了科学家受到蒲公英启发研制出有助于监测气候变化及其他问题的微
型传感器。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion (蒲公英) seeds could be spread to the
winds to help track of climate change and global warming.”（受蒲公英种子启发研发的微型传感器能随风传播，
有助于追踪气候变化和全球变暖的迹象。）可知，这种传感器可以随风传播，因此不受时间和空间的影响。
故选 B 项。
33．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The devices carry tiny sensors, essentially a microcomputer powered by
small solar panels that can send back signals to the researchers”（该装置能够携带微型传感器，本质上就是一
台小型太阳能电池板驱动的微电脑，能够将信号发送给研究员。）可知，传感器上的微电脑是由小型太阳
能电池板驱动的，太阳能电池板吸收太阳的能量，故微电脑的能源来自太阳。故选 A 项。
34．细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“In all, the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of
variables. ”（在找到正确的变量组合之前，该团队总共测试了 75 种不同的设计。）可知，研究人员在研发
蒲公英传感器之前试验了许多不同的设计。故选 C 项。
35．推理判断题。根据最后第一段第二句“Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large
numbers, and the communication range makes this an excellent choice, especially within agriculture or disaster
area monitoring”（再加上该设备的廉价，这就意味着它可以大量投放，而且通信范围广使该设备成为一个
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优良的选择，尤其是在农业和灾害监测领域。）可知，Aitken 陈述了该设备的众多优点，认为它是有前景
的。故选 D 项。
36．A 37．E 38．B 39．C 40．G
【导语】本文是说明文。文章说明了人们在做事的时候大脑开小差, 在一定的情况下有利于人们的创造性
思维, 并提出什么时候适合大脑开小差。
36．根据上文“Now some new science suggests that daydreaming may actually make us happier and more
creative.(现在一些新的科学表明，做白日梦实际上可能让我们更快乐，更有创造力。)”可知，做白日梦想
有好处，但要注意方式，A 项“关键是方式要正确”，符合上下文逻辑关系。故选 A 项。
37．根据上文“A study found that people who mind—wandered performed better on their task, the answer coming
to them in a flash.(一项研究发现，走心的人在任务上表现得更好，答案会瞬间出现。)”和下文“it was just
suddenly there.(只是突然出现。)”可知，答案会突然出现在人的脑海中， E 项“人们甚至不知道是怎么想到
答案的”和空处上下句构成完整的信息链。故选 E 项。
38．根据文章结构可知，空处应是小标题，是对空后一段的总结。本段主旨句“Now, findings from a 2021 study
suggest that mind—wandering can actually improve your mood.(现在 2021 年的一项研究结果表明，走神实际
上可以改善你的情绪。)”说明走神能让人们心情好， 更快乐， 因此选 B 项“走神可以帮助提升你的情绪。”
作为本节的小标题。故选 B 项。
39．根据下文“If I simply put myself in a space that lets my mind move freely, I don’t get depressed. On the
contrary, I’m happier because of it.(如果我只是把自己放在一个让我的思想自由活动的空间里，我就不会感到
沮丧。 相反，我因此更快乐。)” 可知，作者提到了自己的经历，因此 C 项“我发现科学能够支持我自己的
经历”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选 C 项。
40．根据上文“Researchers warn that mind—wandering when you need to be focused on a task could cause
problems. So, let your mind wander when you’re doing tasks that don’t require focus.(研究人员警告说，当你需
要专注于一项任务时，走神可能会导致问题。 所以，当你做不需要集中注意力的任务时，才可以走神。)”，
可知，选项继续说说明走神的好处。G 项说“这会让你感觉更好，想出有创意的想法”， 符合语境。故选 G
项。
41．A 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．D 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．
B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何激励孩子向成功进发。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们经常发现自己试图用重要人物的形式奖励或用威胁的方式惩罚学生。
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A. form 形式；B. name 名字；C. order 命令；D. right 权力。根据下文中的“or threat of punishment”以及语境
可知，此处指的是奖励学生的“形式”。故选 A 项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果奖励和威胁不是解决办法呢？A. examples 榜样；B. answers 解决办
法 ；C. experiments 实验；D. thoughts 思想。根据最后一段“So it seems that the most ___13___ way of motivating
children, especially the young ones, might ___14___ stimulating that internal motivation.”可知，本文只要是在寻
求激励孩子学习的方法，由此可知，此处指的是奖励与惩罚若不是解决问题的“解决办法”，怎么办。故选
B 项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究发现，视学习为乐趣和重要的事情的孩子更擅长学习。A. frustrating
令人沮丧的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. overwhelming 压倒性的；D. fun 有趣的。根据下文中的“and important”
可知，此处应该是与“重要的”并列，即把学习视为“有趣的”符合语境。故选 D 项。
44．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这很容易理解——学习我们不感兴趣的东西是很困难的。A. ashamed of
对……感到羞耻；B. annoyed with 对……烦恼；C. grateful for 感激；D. passionate about 热衷于。根据上文
中的“Studies have found that children who see learning as ___3___ and important are better at it. And it’s easy to
understand why…”可知，研究发现把学习视为重要的孩子更擅长学习，由此也就不难理解“学习自己不‘喜
欢的’事情会很难”了。故选 D 项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：外在动机，比如奖励和惩罚，也有它的用处。A. causes 原因；B. outputs
输出；C. uses 用处；D. principles 原则。根据下文中的“Motives for achieving good grades or fear of being
punished have been ___6___ to benefit older students.”可知，基于好成绩或者是害怕惩罚的动机对一些年长的
孩子是有益的，由此可知，此处指的是“有用处”。故选 C 项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：基于取得好成绩或害怕惩罚的刺激被认为是激励年长学生的方法。A.
acknowledged 承认；B. restricted 限制；C. challenged 挑战；D. treated 对待。根据下文中的“However, it seems
that at an early age, it doesn’t have as much effect.”可知，空处的内容与此内容相反，既然对于年龄较小的孩
子来说没有那么大的效果，由此可推知，对年长一点的孩子来说已经被“承认”是有效果的。故选 A 项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，基于这一群体，我们该如何激发这种兴趣呢？A. discussion 讨论；B.
creativity 创新；C. interest 兴趣；D. demand 要求。根据上文中的“Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as
“internal motivation”.”可知，内在动机是孩子把学习视为乐趣和重要的关键，结合下文中的“According to
some experts, the key is to ___8___ some degree of freedom.”以及语境可知，要获取学习的效果，关键要给孩
子一定的自由，由此可推断，此空指的激发孩子的“兴趣”。故选 C 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据一些专家的说法，关键是要允许一定程度的自由。A. allow 允许；B. pass
通过；C. sense 感觉；D. monitor 监视。根据下文中的“Let the child see their learning as their ___9___ will.”
可知，此处指的是“允许”孩子有一定的自由。故选 A 项。
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49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让孩子把他们的学习看作是他们的自由意志。A. social 社交的；B. strong
强壮的；C. frank 坦白的；D. free 自由的。根据上文中的“According to some experts, the key is to ___8___ some
degree of freedom.”以及下文讲述的让孩子读书的事例可知，此处指的是给孩子“自由的”意愿。故选 D 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论是漫画书还是经典文学，激发他们阅读欲望的目的依然得到满足。A.
affected 影响；B. explained 解释；C. analyzed 分析；D. met 满足。结合句意以及上文中的“Whether it’s a comic
book or classic literature — the aim of stimulating their desire for reading”可知，此处指的是无论什么书，都能
“满足”他们读书欲望的目的。故选 D 项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样地，以学习者的身份与他们建立关系——倾听他们的负面情绪。A. test
测试；B. build 建立；C. admit 承认；D. refresh 使振作。根据下文中的“listen to their negative feelings.”可知，
此处指的是通过倾听他们的负面情绪与他们“建立”关系。故选 B 项。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：解释为什么一项活动是有价值的，即使它并不完全有趣。A. visually 外表
上 ；B. slightly 稍微；C. exactly 完全；D. originally 起初。根据上文中的“Explain why an activity is valuable, even
if…”可知，此空与上文内容为让步关系，由此可推断，此处表示即使不“完全”有趣，也可以解释为什么活
动有价值了。故选 C 项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，激励孩子，尤其是年轻孩子的最有效的方法可能来自于激发这种
内在动机。A. effective 有效的；B. humble 谦逊的；C. private 自私的；D. traditional 传统的。结合文章主题
以及下文中的“stimulating that internal motivation”可知，激发孩子的内在动力是最“有效的”方法。故选 A 项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，激励孩子，尤其是年轻孩子的最有效的方法可能来自于激发这种内
在动机。A. end up 结束；B. come from 来自于；C. commit to 交付；D. set off 出发，引起。结合语境以及
句意可知，此处表示的是激励孩子的方法“来自于”激发内在动力。故选 B 项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是时候让他们摆脱威胁和奖励的统治了，让他们在如何学习方面有更
多的选择。A. level 水平；B. choice 选择；C. judge 法官；D. doubt 怀疑。根据上文中的“Maybe it’s time to release
them from the reigns of threats and rewards”以及 and 可知，此处与空格所在的内容并列，让孩子摆脱威胁和
奖励的统治，对他们减少限制，也就是给他们更多“选择”。故选 B 项。
56．the 57．global 58．held 59．is 60．has made 61．equipment 62．to
ensure 63．yearly 64．if##when 65．to
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国召开的国际粮食减损大会的主要内容。分析了目前粮食浪
费的现状，以及中国为此作出的努力，呼吁反对浪费。
56．考查冠词。句意：随着国际粮食损失和浪费会议于周六在山东省济南市闭幕，中国向世界发出了一个
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信号，即中国将通过减少农业损失和浪费来解决粮食安全问题。根据句意可知，此处 world 是特殊名词，
因为只有一个世界，所以必须加 the。故填 the。
57．考查形容词。句意：以减少粮食损失和粮食浪费、促进全球粮食安全为主题，为期三天的线上和线下
活动吸引了 300 多名参与者。设空处缺少形容词修饰名词短语 food security，故填 global。
58．考查过去时。句意：以减少粮食损失和粮食浪费、促进全球粮食安全为主题，为期三天的线上和线下
活动吸引了 300 多名参与者。粮食减损大会已经闭幕，文中描述的是发生在过去的事情，因此使用一般过
去时。故填 held。
59．考查主谓一致。句意：因此，只要损失一个百分比，就等于损失 2 800 万吨粮食。本句的主语是 the loss
of only one percentage，因此谓语动词用单数。故填 is。
60．考查现在完成时。句意：近年来，中国在控制粮食损失和浪费方面取得了很大进展，主要努力包括升
级设施和设备。现在完成时的时间标志词 In recent years,，并且根据句意可知 make progress 发生在过去并
且对现在有影响，因此使用现在完成时，故填 has made。
61．考查名词。句意：近年来，中国在控制粮食损失和浪费方面取得了很大进展，主要努力包括升级设施
和设备。and 连接的两个并列成分，facilities 是名词，因此设空处应填不可数名词 equipment。故填 equipment。
62．考查动词不定式。句意：在中国主要粮食生产省份山东省，Sinograin 粮仓配备了 4500 个高清摄像头
和 28 万个温度传感器，以确保库存处于最佳状态。设空处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to ensure。
63．考查副词。句意：数据显示，在中国“十三五”期间(2016-2020 年)，每年节约粮食约 1300 万吨。分析
句子结构可知，副词 yearly 修饰动词 save。故填 yearly。
64．考查连词。句意：如果我们不解决严重的粮食损失和浪费问题，我们就无法消除饥饿。分析句子结构
可知，设空处前后皆为完整的句子，因此此处应填连词，根据句意可知，从句为条件状语从句，故填 if/when。
65．考查固定搭配。句意：商业模式、技术和数字解决方案方面的合作与创新都可以有助于减少粮食损失
和浪费。contribute to 为固定搭配，意为“贡献”，to 为介词，故填 to。
- 13 -绥中县2022-2023学年高二下学期四月监测 英语试卷
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）
注意事项：
答卷前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where are the speakers probably
A. In the supermarket. B. At home. C. In a park. 2．What are the speakers talking about
A. Hong Kong Disneyland. B. Their schoolwork. C. Their vacation plan.
How many people took part in the race
A．60. B．40. C．20.
What is the man speaker probably
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A headmaster. 5．What kind of books does Dora like reading
A. English novels. B. History books. C. Biographies.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完
后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Restaurant owner and customer. B. Husband and wife. C. Co-workers.
7．What will the man eat today
A. Beef noodles. B. Chicken and rice. C. Egg sandwiches.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8．What is probably the woman
A. A doctor. B. A manager. C. A receptionist. 9．Where does the conversation take place
A. At the hospital. B. On the phone. C. In the hotel.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10．Why did the woman’s husband go to Philippines
A. To give lectures. B. To provide help. C. To do business. 11．How many days will the woman’s husband stay in Philippines
A. 14 days. B. 16 days. C. 18 days.
What are the Philippines suffering from now
A. Floods. B. An earthquake. C. A terrible disease.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
Who is the woman
The chair of the Youth Council.
The accountant of the Youth Council.
The administrator of the Youth Council.
Why does the man want to join the Youth Council
A. To learn from Stephanie. B. To gain experience in it. C. To get to discuss local issues. 15．Which age group is the Youth Council for
A. The 13-18 age group. B. The 12-16 age group. C. The 10-15 age group.
Where will the man probably stay on Saturday night
A. In a hostel. B. At his parents’. C. In the council’s flat.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
Where is the market now
A. By the river. B. Under a car park. C. In front of a bank. 18．What is sold on Sunday
A. Old furniture. B. Local food. C. Handmade products. 19．What is the special dish in this area
A. Ice cream. B．A fish dish. C. An apple cake.
What change has taken place in the harbor area
Fresh fish can be easily bought.
The restaurants have moved to the other end.
There are fewer restaurants at present.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Long Island Restaurants with Outdoor Igloos (冰屋)
Smuggler Jack’s
Igloo season at Smuggler Jack’s features sheltered, private dining with views of the Schmidt Canal. Igloos seat six to eight people and can be reserved for two-hour windows beginning at noon daily. A $25 fee applies all-day Sundays and after 4 p.m. Wednesdays and Thursdays; $50 Fridays-Saturdays. More information: 516-798-6000, .
Mirabelle Tavern
Mirabelle’s lone outdoor igloo this year is available for dining Wednesday through Sunday. It features cushioned wooden chairs, a coffee table, oversized pillows and plenty of lighting. The restaurant’s full menu is available. Igloo seats six people. $150 for two hours ($200 on holidays), including a bottle of Prosecco with a food purchase. More information: 631-751-0555, .
Coach Meeting House
There’s a courtyard dressed in holiday lights with heated igloos, allowing guests the option to lounge inside or out. Each igloo has a couch, chairs and TV. Once in an igloo, guests can use a scannable QR code menu to allow for contactless ordering via their phones. Igloos seat six to ten people, with reservations for a minimum
$200 spend. More information: 516-588-9288, coachgrillandtavernoysterbay.com. Brew Cheese
Located in an alleyway, the eatery has four igloos, which features greenery, lighting and a portable radiator.
Customers order by calling the restaurant. Once the order is ready, a server brings it over. Reservations-1 hour and
15 minutes each-are encouraged; no fees; seats up to six comfortably. More information: 631-239-1927, brew-.
Which number should a group of nine people call for dinner
A．516-798-6000 B．631-751-0555 C．516-588-9288 D．631-239-1927
You can enjoy lighting in the following restaurants except .
A. Smuggler Jack’s B. Mirabelle Tavern
C. Coach Meeting House D. Brew Cheese 23．Where can the text be found
A. In a history book. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In an academic article. D. In an art magazine.
B
I had a great time producing a short film with my other crew members, immersing (使沉浸) myself in the scene, the light and shadow seen through the camera lens, and the warmth of intimate friendship.
Through a short film festival at our school our crew decided to develop a simple story focusing on friendship, growth and hospice ( 临 终 的 ) care. The story was set around Christmas Eve where two kids arc assigned to accompany a terminally ill kid during her last few days. There were conflicts and tears, but finally, the kids became close friends on Christmas Day, which was just before the ill kid passed away. We expected it to be a warm story mixed with a little sorrow and planned to name it Merry Christmas.
Things weren’t so easy at first. We were able to use a crew member’s house for shooting but it was far from the city. We experienced technical problems, among others. It was the middle of winter, and emotional collapses (崩溃) of our actors were wearing our patience thin. Pale light, snow and the nervous excitement of telling ghost stories accompanied our night scene shooting.
As usual, I adjusted the camera to produce the best image, specially designed with the director to achieve the desired effect. I held the camera in one hand and the spotlight in the other till midnight to finish our night scene.
As we decorated the tiny Christmas tree and looked at each other’s dizzy faces in the warm light, we couldn’t help swallowing up the dessert the host family offered before making the other cakes and fruits for our props ( 道具 ). We made jokes about the look of the giant spotlight -- it was like a huge shiny umbrella. We somehow felt closer to the characters in the film, experiencing what they experience -- leisurely chatting about films and songs in the quietness of night and forming a special connection with each other.
Through this experience, I realized that making short films is not only about creating art, but also about
creating shared stories and bonds that last a lifetime.
24．Why did the author make the short film
A. To highlight the value of friendship. B. To celebrate the coming of Christmas.
C. To express her concern for a terminally ill kid. D. To participate in her school’s short film festival. 25．What was the author’s job in the crew
A. The director. B. The cameraman. C. The prop maker. D. One of the actresses.
26．What does the author think of making short films
A. Easy and relaxing. B. Boring and time-consuming.
C. A chance to build close friendships. D. A way to experience different lifestyles. 27．What is the author’s purpose in writing the article
To describe why she loves film festivals.
To encourage readers to make short films.
To share her experience of making a short film.
To introduce the difficulties of producing a short film.
C
The ISS orbits Earth at an average of 250 miles from the surface of Earth and completes 15.5 circles per day, once every 92 minutes. In other words, the astronauts see the sunrise and sunset 16 times every day!
The station is inhabited by astronauts conducting research in various fields, while also using it as an observatory to explore Earth and outer space. It is also intended to be a transportation center for spacecraft that are bound for the Moon, Mars and other interplanetary voyages.
The crew is not only responsible for the scientific experimentation and research being conducted onboard, but also the upkeep and maintenance of the vessel, a vessel that is continuously in motion and exposed to the worst possible elements. Such conditions are significant area of study for researchers.
The most common effect of space is the initial contact — getting used to such an alien environment. Astronauts are often seen to display anxiety or depression as they adjust to the novelty of space, according to post-psychiatric screenings of astronauts. Other causes of stress are the high pressure of work while being under frequent public observation, being away from home and family, and missing important events.
Sleep is another major factor that affects the mood and efficiency of the astronauts. Due to the irregularity in life and the constant rotation (转动) of sunrise and sunset, the circadian rhythm (生理节律) of the astronauts goes completely haywire, resulting in poor quality of sleep. The shuttle itself is noisy, with essential equipment always in operation to sustain the vessel. Half of all the astronauts onboard rely on sleeping pills to get some rest and
manage to get an average 2 hours less sleep than when they’re back on Earth. Sleep is so critical for functionality
that 50% of all medicines taken by astronauts in orbit is to help them sleep better. Low-Earth Orbit living is a restless endeavor, indeed.
Which of the following is most likely to affect the astronauts’ mood
Scientific experiments onboard.
Observation of outer space.
Interplanetary voyages.
Exposure to extreme conditions.
Which of the following can best explain the underlined phrase in the last paragraph
A. Return to normal. B. Become out of control.
C. Go unnoticed. D. Remain unchanged. 30．How can we describe the astronauts’ life in the ISS
A. Highly-pressured. B. Trouble-free.
C. Safe and sound. D. Quiet and beautiful. 31．What is mainly discussed in the passage
The functions of the ISS.
The missions of the astronauts.
The mental challenges of living in the ISS.
The splendid view of the space.
D
Tiny sensors inspired by dandelion ( 蒲 公 英 ) seeds could be spread to the winds to help track of climate change and global warming.
As the climate crisis continues to strengthen, tracking changes in temperature and other environmental signals across a wide area is useful. But doing effectively requires distributing sensors throughout the environment, which can be time-consuming.
“We wondered whether it’s possible to build a system that can spread sensors in the wind, rather than having a person go out and place sensors alone, which can be dangerous in hard-to-reach places,” says Vikram Iyer at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Iyer and his colleagues used a laser-powered tool to make devices. Each one weighs 30 milligrams with a diameter of 28 millimeters, and has a number of small holes through which air can float in the air like dandelion seeds.
The devices carry tiny sensors, essentially a microcomputer powered by small solar panels that can send back
signals to the researchers, who developed different types that can measure temperature，pressure，light and so on. A small capacitor (电容器) can store energy overnight or in cloudy conditions.
In all, the team tested 75 different designs before finding the right mix of variables. The final design can move through the air at 0.87 metres per second, travelling up to 100 metres in a mild wind when released from a drone (无人机). Real-world tests showed that the sensors can transfer data up to 60 metres.
“The production of the ‘seeds’ is especially interesting, so is the design of the electronic devices,” says
Jonathan Aitken at the University of Sheffield, UK. “Both seem to be very strong to the natural environment.”
Aitken is also impressed by the range of the sensors’ communication abilities. “Plus the cheapness of the device, it means that it can be placed in large numbers, and the communication range makes this an excellent choice, especially within agriculture or disaster area monitoring,’’ he says.
What can we learn about the sensors like dandelion seeds
They are quite expensive to make.
They are efficient in space and time.
They can be carried by dandelion seeds.
They can change the temperature.
What provides the energy for microcomputer on the sensors
A. The sun. B. Strong wind.
C. A small capacitor. D. A drone. 34．What can be inferred from paragraph 6
The seed-like sensors can rise up from the ground without any help.
The seed-like sensors can only travel in a mild wind.
The scientists have tried many other designs before the seed-like sensors.
The seed-like sensors travel much slower than its common competitors. 35．What does Aitken think of the sensors
A. Costly. B. Risky.
C. Complicated. D. Promising.
第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I believe in daydreaming now and then—especially when I’m hiking. Being in nature allows my mind to wander where it will, which often starts my creativity as a writer and musician. Now some new science suggests
that daydreaming may actually make us happier and more creative. 36
Daydreaming may be good for creativity
Mind—wandering has been associated with creativity for centuries. A study found that people who mind—wandered performed better on their task, the answer coming to them in a flash. 37 —it was just suddenly there.
When people’s minds wander in ways that seem meaningful to them, they tend to have more creative ideas and feel more inspired at the end of the day, too. Interestingly, this is true for both writers and everyday people.
38
Now, findings from a 2021 study suggest that mind—wandering can actually improve your mood. In this study, the researchers found that when people’s thoughts were off—task, they generally felt more negative. But if their thoughts were free—moving. It had the opposite effect, helping people feel happier.
39 . If I simply put myself in a space that lets my mind move freely, I don’t get depressed. On the contrary, I’m happier because of it.
Can we be better mind—wanderers
Researchers warn that mind—wandering when you need to be focused on a task could cause problems. So, let your mind wander when you’re doing tasks that don’t require focus. 40 .
So, just having more control over when mind—wandering happens and the kind of thoughts that you have would be very useful.
The key is that we do it the right way.
Mind—wandering can help boost our mood.
I find that science supports my own experience.
Taking a break might be good for our productivity
People didn’t even know how they got to the solution
I hope people will explore the limits of mind—wandering
This may help you feel better or come up with creative ideas
第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Children are naturally curious beings, but getting them to study something they aren’t interested in can be a
difficult task. Teachers often find themselves trying to reward in the 41 of stars or threat of punishment.
But what if rewards and threats aren’t the 42
Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as “internal motivation”. Studies have found that children who see learning as 43 and important are better at it. And it’s easy to understand why — it’s difficult to study something we aren’t 44 .
External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its 45 too. Motives for achieving good grades or fear of being punished have been 46 to benefit older students. However, it seems that at an early age, it doesn’t have as much effect. So for this group, how can we stimulate that 47
According to some experts, the key is to 48 some degree of freedom. Let the child see their learning as their 49 will. If you want to teach a child to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it’s a comic book or classic literature — the aim of stimulating their desire for reading is still 50 . Likewise,
51 a relationship with them as learners — listen to their negative feelings. Explain why an activity is valuable, even if it isn’t 52 fun.
So it seems that the most
53
way of motivating children, especially the young ones, might
54 stimulating that internal motivation. Maybe it’s time to release them from the reigns of threats and rewards, and give them a bit more 55 of how they learn.
41．A．form B. name C. order D. right
42．A．examples B. answers C. experiments D. thoughts
43．A．frustrating B. ordinary C. overwhelming D. fun
44．A．ashamed of B. annoyed with C. grateful for D. passionate about
45．A．causes B. outputs C. uses D. principles
46．A．acknowledged B. restricted C. challenged D. treated
47．A．discussion B. creativity C. interest D. demand
48．A．allow B. pass C. sense D. monitor
49．A．social B. strong C. frank D. free
50．A．affected B. explained C. analyzed D. met
51．A．test B. build C. admit D. refresh
52．A．visually B. slightly C. exactly D. originally
53．A．effective B. humble C. private D. traditional
54．A．end up B. come from C. commit to D. set off
55．A．level B. choice C. judge D. doubt
第二节：（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在答题卡相应位置处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the International Conference on Food Loss and Waste closed on Saturday in Jinan, Shandong Province, the country has sent a signal to 56 world that China will deal with issues concerning food security by reducing loss and waste in agriculture. With the theme of reducing food loss and food waste and promoting
57 (globe) food security, the three-day event 58 (hold) both online and offline attracted more than 300 participants.
The current world grain production is about 2.8 billion tons a year. Therefore, the loss of only one percentage
59 (be) equal to the loss of 28 million tons of food. This can feed about 70 million people.
In recent years, China 60 (make) great progress in controlling loss and waste in food, with main
efforts including upgrading facilities and
61
(equip). In Shandong Province, China’s major grain
producer, the Sinograin (中粮集团) grain storage site is equipped with 4,500 high-definition cameras and 280,000 temperature sensors 62 (ensure) that the stock ( 储 备 ) is in the best condition. Data shows that during China’s 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020) , about 13 million tons of food had been saved 63 (year)
after production.
We cannot end hunger 64 we do not deal with the high levels of food loss and waste. Cooperation and innovations ( 创 新 ) in business models, technologies and digital solutions could all contribute 65 reducing food loss and waste.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
66．假定你是李华，你们年级将举办主题为“环境保护”的英语展示活动，请给你校的外教 Mr. Forbes 写一封邮件，代表学生会邀请他参加此次活动并担任评委，内容包括：
活动细节（如： 时间，地点，目的）；
评委职责。
注意：1. 词数 80 左右；
2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：做展示 give presentations
Dear Mr. Forbes,
第二节 （满分 25 分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Yours, Li Hua
My name is Yolanda. Whenever I recall the autumn 20 years ago, my heart is filled with mixed feelings.
Joyce, aged 18---just one year older but much taller than me--was my best friend, so do our parents.
“Joyce is a knock out,” Mom would say so. I would have protested if these remarks were on anyone else. But Joyce had her unique charm--the long light hair curled slightly on her temples, the large and beaming eyes; an invariable smile on her cheeks whether in the brilliance of sunshine or in the twilight of dusk--the figure was too graceful for anyone to defend.
Sure enough, that autumn witnessed her fortune take over---signing with a modeling agency, now already doing registration and runway work.
On my 17th birthday, Father gave me his refurbished ( 翻新的) SVT Cobra R as he promised--a gift I like
most but to be wasted on me for now, as I did not come of age for a driving licence. I promised Dad I would be driving around in a year’s time.
But the urge to have a go had been scratching me.
That weekend, I proposed to drive Joyce to the movie’s downtown as my gift of congratulations on her job offer. She accepted my offer of a ride in my beloved car. I reminded her to put on the lap belt. There we went,putting some fries on the seat between us to share.
It was a purple night, and I was driving my best friend around contentedly. Turning around a curve too fast, before I knew it, I skidded along and hit the guardrail in the middle of the road. My cheekbone cracked on the steering wheel, the car came to a stop with the passenger door open just a few feet from me. There under the moonlight on the path, French fries, the dash ( 仪 表 板 ), and my lap. An impossible amount of blood on Joyce’s face, flaps of skin were hanging out of her eyes...
We were rushed to the hospital in separate ambulances. Later, I learned that I was to recover soon. When I asked about Joyce, my mother hesitated for a moment, then spoke quietly, “She’s all right, but the scar above her eye--best plastic surgeon in the city, but end of her modeling career.”
注意：
续写词数应为 150 左右;
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:
When her mother, Betty, entered my ward (病房), I burst into tears.
Paragraph 2:
I had never expected Betty’s forgiveness, which brightened up that autumn, and the rest of our life.
