人教版（2019） 必修 第三册Unit 2 Morals and Virtues单元测试卷（含答案）
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新人教版必修三Unit 2 Morals and virtues 单元测试卷
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. If you can __________ (出版) a couple of books, you’ll become famous.
2. He gave up the attempt in __________ (绝望).
3. I read about the __________ (事故) in the local paper.
4. Who do you suppose will __________ (代替) her on the show
5. They will __________ (出口) their products to markets throughout the world.
6. Our plans need to be __________ (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone.
7. These developments were foreseen more than a __________ (十年) ago.
8. In fact, listening is not a __________ (被动的) process but an active one.
9. We recommend that you take out travel __________ (保险) on all holidays.
10. There are three fundamental __________ (原则) of teamwork.
单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. In a good __________ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
2. We have not as yet received a __________ (respond).
3. The boy who won the __________ (scholar) was a quite outstanding student.
4. Your __________ (reject) broke his little heart.
5. He defeated his opponent in this __________ (elect).
6. I was __________ (scare) that I might be sick.
7. The elderly woman is still quite __________ (energy).
8. I believe you have a __________ (complain) against one of our nurses.
9. The __________ (major) of my patients come to me from out of town.
10. He spent the last fourteen years of his life in __________ (retire).
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 她叔父昨晚去世了。
Her uncle _______________ last night.
2. 小心！不要被电源线绊倒了。
Watch out! Don’t _______________ the power cable.
3. 这部电影感动得大家都哭了。
The film was so moving that we were all _______________.
4. 这座图书馆是为了纪念那位科学家而建的。
This library was built to _______________ that scientist.
5. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。
_______________ bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whatever you’ve got planned this summer — time at the beach, traveling to exotic destinations, or barbecuing in your backyard — you need a good book to keep you company. Luckily, our “GMA” book editor has picked an exciting list of must-reads to keep the pages turning through the summer.
Trust Exercise by Susan Choi
What if your version of the story is the wrong one That’s what “Trust Exercise” asks. What starts as a love story between two teens at an art school with a charming teacher becomes an investigation into the ways teenagers protect themselves. As the perspective of the book shifts, the truth breaks. Susan Choi keeps you on your toes until the very last sentence.
Rules for Visiting by Jessica Francis Kane
This beautiful novel tackles loneliness in the digital age and the lost art of visiting. Shy May is given some unexpected time off as a university gardener and is inspired to reconnect with four once-close friends. She chooses to bypass her friends’ online lives to instead meet them IRL (in real life). This novel gives a whole new meaning to Instagram vs reality.
Mrs Everything by Jennifer Weiner
Get a box of tissues and get ready to meet Jo and Bethie Kaufman — two very different sisters — whose lives, twists and turns we follow over 70 years. New York Times’ best-selling author Jennifer Weiner tackles what it means to be a woman over various generations in this exciting novel.
City of Girls by Elizabeth Gilbert
From the No. 1 New York Times’ best-selling author of “Eat Pray Love” comes a delicious love story about showgirls in 1940s New York City. Gilbert brings charm, adventure and the idea that you don’t have to be a good girl to be a good person.
1. What does Trust Exercise focus on
A. Teen love.
B. Art school education.
C. Truth and lies.
D. Teenagers’ self-protection.
2. Which book is relevant to social networking
A. Trust Exercise. B. Rules for Visiting.
C. City of Girls. D. Mrs Everything.
3. What do Mrs Everything and City of Girls have in common
A. They feature history stories.
B. The two stories happened in the 1940s.
C. They are written by New York Times’ best-selling authors.
D. The characters have influenced various generations.
B
On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games. But Braden Baker is different.
Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids. Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them — not once but twice and they had to be replaced. But at $3,500 to $6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly.
Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost. “I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair,” Ashley said.
Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.
Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money. Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of $1,000. We woke up the next morning and found it had raised $400.”
This encouraged him to start making more videos. Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s GoFundMe page has raised over $15,000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation. That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children.
The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mom, “he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.”
Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.”
4. Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids
A. He lost his old hearing aids carelessly.
B. He wanted a better pair of hearing aids.
C. His hearing problem became more serious.
D. His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog.
5. What caused Braden to start the GoFundMe page
A. Ashley’s remark on hearing aids.
B. Ashley’s encouragement to him.
C. Braden’s desire to buy a new pair of hearing aids.
D. Braden’s desire to help the poor hearing-impaired kids.
6. How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started
A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied.
C. Hopeful. D. Worried.
7. What has Braden learned from working on the project
A. Videoing is a good way to collect money.
B. A small idea may make a big difference.
C. It’s important to dream big and hold on to it.
D. One should always make good use of his money.
C
Imagine you found a wallet containing a stranger’s contact details but no cash. Would you return it to its owner Now imagine the same wallet contained a few banknotes. Would that change your response Does it depend on the amount of money And how do you think other people would react
Honesty makes the world go round. Without people trusting in one another, society would fall apart. Honesty is therefore studied academically. Most work in the area, though, takes place under controlled conditions in labs, often featuring (以……为特点) well-off and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By contrast, Alain Cohn of the University of Michigan and his colleagues have taken such behavioral economics around the world, covering 40 countries, 355 cities and more than 17,000 people.
As the team reported this week in Science, Dr Cohn’s research assistants entered public buildings. They handed in a wallet to the receptionist, saying they had found it on the street outside. Each wallet contained contact details. Importantly, some wallets also included $13.45, while others not. Then, the team simply waited to see who would return the wallet.
In 38 of the 40 countries, the wallets with money were returned more often than those without (51% vs 40%). In addition, wallets containing a larger sum of money ( $94.15) were even more likely (by about another 10%) to be returned than those with less.
With greater temptation (诱惑), then, comes greater honesty — at least when it comes to lost wallets. Interestingly, though, such honesty is not reflected in people’s expectations of others. When surveyed, most of 299 volunteers predicted that the more money in a wallet, the less likely it would be returned.
A certain doubt about the motives of others is probably good for survival. But the warm inner thought of “doing the right thing” is also a powerful motivation. How this altruism developed is much debated — particularly when it extends, as in Dr Cohn’s experiments, to strangers whom the altruist has no expectation of ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shows, such altruism is real and universal.
8. How is Alain Cohn’s research different from the previous
A. It was carried out in controlled situations.
B. More scientists participated in the research.
C. It covered varied subjects and backgrounds.
D. It took no account of well-educated Westerners.
9. What can we learn from the research
A. Rate of honesty varies among countries.
B. People prefer returning wallets without money.
C. The less money in a wallet, the higher rate of returning.
D. Wallets with more money are more likely to be given back.
10. What can be inferred from paragraph 5
A. People are more honest than we expect.
B. People tend to expect honesty from others.
C. More money always means greater honesty.
D. Most people lose honesty facing great temptation.
11. What does the underlined word “altruism” in the last paragraph mean
A. Doubt of others’ motivations.
B. Understanding of people’s doubt.
C. The motivation for survival.
D. Concern for others’ needs.
D
You may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years, this association, founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world’s most promising “changemakers” seeking to solve urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.
Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy, and useful adult. In fact, it is many young people’s ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka, which handled the rubbish problem facing the city, helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.
When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was organic waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆肥) this waste. They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilizers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14,000.
Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious, practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.
12. What should he do if someone wants to become a changemaker
A. Consider Drayton’s concept.
B. Get permission from Ashoka.
C. Try to improve social conditions.
D. Be a young, happy and healthy adult.
13. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The poor people in Dhaka.
B. Masqsood and Iftekhar.
C. Drayton and his team.
D. The local farmers.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards Ashoka’s programme
A. Neutral. B. Critical.
C. Skeptical. D. Positive.
15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Rubbish Problems. B. Businessmen.
C. Social Conditions. D. Changemakers.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. 1 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.
But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. 2
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari (now sküdar in Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 3 Many soldiers died before receiving help.
The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals — until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived. 4 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.
After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.
5 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an honored profession.
B. There was no running water and no heat.
C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.
D. Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.
E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.
F. They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.
G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This happened just a few minutes ago and I wanted to share. It was not a big deal, but it put a smile on my face and made me feel very 1 .
I headed for the local store, which was also 2 as a petrol station. As I entered, I noticed that all the pumps (加油泵) didn’t work. I thought they had just run out of 3 .
The local store was 4 tonight, somewhat different from usual. I grabbed a few bits and pieces and went to the checkout (收银台). After 5 chatting with the employer, I learned that earlier that day there was something wrong with the fuse (保险丝), which 6 the electric system in the entire store. Pumps and refrigeration were out of action, no online payment.
I went to pay but the card reader didn’t work. 7 I was holding up the line so I put aside the things I 8 and told the employer I was heading outside for the ATM.
I headed out, but the ATM was also out of 9 . I went back in and while dealing with the next customer, the employer 10 and spotted me. I told him the ATM didn’t work and I would run home to fetch some cash. At that moment, a man after me insisted on 11 the cost of my things. It wasn’t a large amount, only 5 pounds, but made a great 12 . It was a lovely thing for him to help others in 13 . He said it was nice to help someone out and it
14 me from having to run back home and back to the shop and back home again.
Although many twists and turns exist in the world, there will always be gifts in your life. Enjoy the gifts, and 15 the gifts.
1. A. excited B. disappointed C. regretful D. grateful
2. A. decorated B. regarded C. used D. considered
3. A. fuel B. time C. money D. water
4. A. empty B. strange C. peaceful D. noisy
5. A. briefly B. secretly C. angrily D. happily
6. A. improved B. changed C. strengthened D. destroyed
7. A. Personally B. Surprisingly C. Obviously D. Luckily
8. A. moved B. threw C. possessed D. chose
9. A. order B. date C. place D. balance
10. A. looked down B. looked up C. turned down D. turned up
11. A. reducing B. increasing C. accounting D. covering
12. A. difference B. impression C. decision D. mistake
13. A. relief B. debt C. need D. danger
14. A. banned B. saved C. protected D. kept
15. A. accept B. balance C. share D. seek
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Photographer Tony Taylor was leaving a football match when he felt a sharp pain in his shoulder. He was having a heart attack. 1 (thankful) our volunteers were standby.
“As I walked to my car I was 2 the phone to my wife when I 3 (realize) I was really dizzy.
“I woke up on the floor and had been having a really vivid dream, 4 I thought I was asleep.”
“I didn’t feel any pain. I felt fine. I actually felt really upbeat.”
“When they put 5 (I) in the ambulance, someone said, ‘you were dead five minutes ago’.”
Tony, 53, had suffered a heart attack. Luckily, our volunteers Colin and Matt were nearby. They saw Tony 6 (fall) and performed CPR and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in the stadium car park. Other volunteers ran for vital 7 (equip) and the pair worked on Tony until the ambulance arrived.
Tony spent 33 days in hospital after a triple heart-bypass. When he 8 (send) home, his one priority was to meet Matt and Colin.
“The guys are 9 (hero),” he said. “Knowing I wouldn’t be here without them is
10 strange feeling, and all I could think about was getting out and thanking them.”
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华。你校学生会正在招募中英文化交流志愿者，为来你校访问的英国朋友提供志愿者服务。你想成为其中一员，请根据下列要求用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 对志愿者工作的认识；
2. 你能承担的工作及理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua. I am eager to be a volunteer for the China-UK cultural exchanges. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、1. publish 2. despair 3. accident 4. replace 5. export
flexible 7. decade 8. passive 9. insurance 10. principles
二、1. marriage 2. response 3. scholarship 4. rejection 5. election
6. scared 7. energetic 8. complaint 9. majority 10. retirement
三、1. passed away
2. trip over
3. in tears
4. in memory of
5. A great deal of
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几本令人兴奋的必读书。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What starts as a love story between two teens at an art school with a charming teacher becomes an investigation into the ways teenagers protect themselves.”可知，这本小说关注的是青少年的自我保护。故选D。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This beautiful novel tackles loneliness in the digital age and the lost art of visiting.”可知，这本小说探讨的是数字时代的孤独以及亲自拜访艺术的消失，由此可推知，这本小说与社交有关。故选B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据Mrs Everything部分的“New York Times’ best-selling author Jennifer Weiner tackles”以及City of Girls部分的“From the No. 1 New York Times’ best-selling author of ‘Eat Pray Love’”可知，这两本小说的作者都是《纽约时报》畅销书的作者。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名10岁听障男孩制作网页并录制视频发起筹款，帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器的故事。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them — not once but twice and they had to be replaced.”可知，Braden的狗弄坏了他的助听器。故选D。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容“Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.”可知，Braden了解到有些儿童买不起助听器，因此他想筹款帮助这些贫困听障儿童。故选D。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“We weren’t sure how it would turn out”可知，一开始发起筹款时，Braden和妈妈都不确定结果怎样。故选A。
7. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen”以及最后一段可知，Braden通过募集资金学到：将小小的想法付诸行动，会有意想不到的好事发生。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。Alain Cohn博士进行了一项用金钱参与的研究，试图探测不同人的诚实度。研究表明，人们的诚实是真实而普遍的。
8. C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Most work in the area, though, takes place under controlled conditions in labs, often featuring (以……为特点) well-off and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By contrast, Alain Cohn of the University of Michigan and his colleagues have taken such behavioral economics around the world, covering 40 countries, 355 cities and more than 17,000 people.”可知，Alain Cohn的研究与以往不同，他的研究涵盖了不同的对象和背景。故选C。
9. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In 38 of the 40 countries, the wallets with money were returned more often than those without (51% vs 40%). In addition, wallets containing a larger sum of money ($94.15) were even more likely (by about another 10%) to be returned than those with less.”可知，研究表明，钱包里的钱越多，就越有可能被归还。故选D。
10. A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段关键句“With greater temptation (诱惑), then, comes greater honesty — at least when it comes to lost wallets. Interestingly, though, such honesty is not reflected in people’s expectations of others.”及本段内容可知，人们比我们想象得更诚实。故选A。
11. D 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“A certain doubt about the motives of others is probably good for survival. But the warm inner thought of ‘doing the right thing’ is also a powerful motivation.”、“particularly when it extends, as in Dr Cohn’s experiments, to strangers”及“real and universal”可以推测，altruism表示关心他人的需求行为，即，利他主义。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Bill Drayton创立的Ashoka机构向那些希望解决迫切问题的“changemakers”提供资金，并具体介绍了Ashoka在1995年为Dhaka解决垃圾问题所取得的成就。
12. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change ... If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it”和“In fact, it is many ... improve social conditions”可推知，任何人，只要想解决看到的问题，想要改善社会环境，都可以成为一个“changemaker”。故选C。
13. A 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem ... So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆肥) this waste.”和“At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off.”可推知，画线词them指的是上文中Masqsood和Iftekhar教导的对象“the poor people in the city”。故选A。
14. D 观点态度题。在文章中，作者介绍了Bill Drayton创立Ashoka机构的目的，并具体介绍了Ashoka在1995年解决Dhaka垃圾问题所取得的成功。此外，在最后一段中，Bill Drayton对Ashoka的前景进行了展望。综上可以看出，作者对于Ashoka这一机构的介绍是正向的，持乐观态度。故选D。
15. D 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了致力于消除贫困和疾病、提升教育、鼓励小企业的Ashoka机构，向那些希望解决迫切问题的“变革者”提供资金；再结合第一段的最后一句可知，Bill Drayton与其创立的机构Ashoka的目的是为潜在的“changemakers”提供帮助，让他们去“change”这个世界，“changemakers”正是文章的主题。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了Florence Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成了一种令人尊敬的职业。
1. E 根据下文“Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.”语境可知，Florence Nightingale的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。E项“As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.”说明了Florence Nightingale决定成为一名护士的想法，引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
2. G 根据上文“Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could.”可知，后来，Florence Nightingale去了法国、德国和爱尔兰的医院，尽她所能地学习。G项“Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.”说明了Florence Nightingale游学取得的成就，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
3. B 根据上一句“The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.”可知，医院的地上到处躺着人，到处都是老鼠。B项“There was no running water and no heat.”与上一句并列，描述了医院的惨状，符合语境。故选B。
4. F 上文“The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals — until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived.”讲到，医生们不愿听从Florence Nightingale的建议，因为他们不喜欢军队医院里有女性的存在——直到有一天，突然有500名伤亡者来到了医院。下文“Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for.”讲到，Florence Nightingale做了一些改变，确保这些人被清洗干净，他们的伤势得到了治疗。根据上下文语境可知，F项“They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
5. A 根据上一段最后一句“Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.”可知，现在Florence Nightingale可以在伦敦建立Nightingale培训学校了。再根据该段中的“After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.”可知，经过多年的努力，Florence Nightingale看到了更干净、更令人愉快的医院。A项“Nursing became an honored profession.”是对上文Florence Nightingale取得的成就的进一步总结，符合语境。故选A。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。作者去当地商店买东西，由于电力系统出现故障，店里的读卡机和外面的自助取款机都不能使用，作者正打算回家拿现金的时候，一位好心人主动帮助作者支付了费用。作者感悟到我们每个人的生命中都有这样美好的礼物，呼吁人们享受并分享这些礼物。
1. D 根据下文内容可知，作者提到的这件事使他心怀感激。excited“兴奋的”；disappointed“失望的”；regretful“后悔的”；grateful“感激的”。故选D。
2. C 根据“As I entered, I noticed that all the pumps (加油泵) didn’t work.”可知，当地的商店也被用作加油站。decorate“装饰”；regard“认为”；use“使用”；consider“考虑；认为”。be used as ...为固定搭配，意为“被用作……”。故选C。
3. A 根据上下文语境可知，本句中的they指代的是上一句中的pumps。作者因为看到加油泵没有工作，进而以为加油泵没油了。fuel“燃料”；time“时间”；money“金钱”；water“水”。run out of fuel为固定搭配，意为“没油，燃料短缺”。故选A。
4. B 由下文中的“somewhat different from usual”可知，今天晚上这家商店有点奇怪。empty“空的”；strange“奇怪的”；peaceful“宁静的”；noisy“嘈杂的”。故选B。
5. A 根据常理可以推断出，这里是指作者与老板简单地聊了一下，了解到那天早些时候保险丝出现了故障。briefly“简单地”；secretly“秘密地”；angrily“生气地”；happily“高兴地”。故选A。
6. D 根据语境可知，保险丝出问题，损毁了整个店的电力系统。improve“提高”；change“改变”；strengthen“加强”；destroy“毁坏”。故选D。
7. C 根据上文可知，作者本打算刷卡，但刷卡机也用不了，由此可推断出：很显然，作者妨碍了后面的人，所以作者把刚才选的东西放在一边，告诉老板自己去外面的自助取款机（取些现金）。personally“亲自”；surprisingly“惊人地”；obviously“显然地”；luckily“幸运地”。故选C。
8. D 参见上题解析。move“移动”；throw“扔”；possess“拥有”；choose“选择”。故选D。
9. A 根据下文中的“I told him the ATM didn’t work”可知，自助取款机也发生了故障。out of order“出故障”；out of date“过时的”；out of place“不合适”；out of balance“失去平衡”。故选A。
10. B 根据常识可以推断出，这里是指老板抬头看见了作者。look down“向下看”；look up“向上看；抬头看”；turn down“拒绝，关小”；turn up“出现，调大”。故选B。
11. D 根据下文“He said it was nice to help someone out”可知，作者后面的那个人帮助作者支付了费用。reduce“减少”；increase“增加”；account“认为是”；cover“支付”。cover the cost为固定搭配，意为“支付费用”。故选D。
12. A 根据“It wasn’t a large amount, only 5 pounds, but”可知，该句话前后为转折关系。作者是想表达，虽然那个人帮助作者支付的不是个大数目，但是对作者来说意义非常大。make a difference“有作用／关系／影响”；make a impression“留下好印象”；make a decision“做决定”；make a mistake“犯错误”。故选A。
13. C 根据语境可知，这里是指帮助在困难中的人。in relief“如释重负”；in debt“欠债”；in need“在困难中”；in danger“在危险中”。故选C。
14. B 根据语境可知，那个人帮作者付款，从而避免了作者回家拿钱再回来，然后再回家。ban sb. from doing sth.“禁止某人做某事”；save sb. from doing sth.“使某人避免做某事”；protect sb. from doing sth.“使某人免受某伤害”；keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故选B。
15. C 根据语境可知，作者最后号召大家享受生活中的礼物，并分享这些礼物。第一段中的“I wanted to share”也是提示。accept“接受”；balance“权衡”；share“分享”；seek“寻求”。故选C。
本文是一篇新闻报道。摄影师托尼·泰勒正要离开足球场时心脏病发作，在场的志愿者们对他进行了急救，并叫了救护车，从而挽救了他的生命。托尼很感激志愿者们救了他一命。
1. Thankfully 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，所以用thankful的副词形式。故填Thankfully。
2. on 考查介词。根据语境可知，我走向我的汽车的时候，正在给妻子打电话。on the phone为固定用法，表示“打电话”。故填on。
3. realized 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，这里是Tony Taylor在回忆过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填realized。
4. so 考查连词。根据语境可知，前面提到的是原因“我醒来躺在地板上，以为自己做了一个非常生动的梦”，下文表示的是结果“所以我以为我睡着了”。故填so。
5. me 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作put的宾语，因此应用I的宾格形式。故填me。
6. fall 考查非谓语动词。此处为“see sb. do sth.”结构，意为“看见某人做了某事（全过程）”。该处表示“他们（两位志愿者）看到Tony倒下了”。故填fall。
7. equipment 考查词性转换。根据前面的介词for可知，空处应填equip的名词形式。故填equipment。
8. was sent 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，send和主语he为动宾关系，所以用被动语态，且该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时态。故填was sent。
9. heroes 考查名词的复数。根据前面的The guys可知，空处应用复数形式，指的是这两个人都是英雄。故填heroes。
10. a 考查冠词。句意：知道没有他们我就不会在这里是一种奇怪的感觉。根据句意可知，这里泛指一种感觉，所以应用不定冠词；另外，strange是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
八、
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua. I am eager to be a volunteer for the China-UK cultural exchanges.
In my opinion, being a volunteer is a way to spread love and strengthen the relationship between the two nations. Meanwhile, it can bring out the best in me by helping foreign friends, making myself a better person.
With a good command of English and great patience, I will be a good guide for foreign friends. Besides, I’ve worked as a volunteer guide before, so I know what to expect and how to deal with possible problems.
Hope my application will meet with your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua
（考试时间：100分钟 分值：100分）
班级：_________ 姓名：__________ 得分：__________
单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. If you can __________ (出版) a couple of books, you’ll become famous.
2. He gave up the attempt in __________ (绝望).
3. I read about the __________ (事故) in the local paper.
4. Who do you suppose will __________ (代替) her on the show
5. They will __________ (出口) their products to markets throughout the world.
6. Our plans need to be __________ (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone.
7. These developments were foreseen more than a __________ (十年) ago.
8. In fact, listening is not a __________ (被动的) process but an active one.
9. We recommend that you take out travel __________ (保险) on all holidays.
10. There are three fundamental __________ (原则) of teamwork.
单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）
1. In a good __________ (marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise.
2. We have not as yet received a __________ (respond).
3. The boy who won the __________ (scholar) was a quite outstanding student.
4. Your __________ (reject) broke his little heart.
5. He defeated his opponent in this __________ (elect).
6. I was __________ (scare) that I might be sick.
7. The elderly woman is still quite __________ (energy).
8. I believe you have a __________ (complain) against one of our nurses.
9. The __________ (major) of my patients come to me from out of town.
10. He spent the last fourteen years of his life in __________ (retire).
三、完成句子（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1. 她叔父昨晚去世了。
Her uncle _______________ last night.
2. 小心！不要被电源线绊倒了。
Watch out! Don’t _______________ the power cable.
3. 这部电影感动得大家都哭了。
The film was so moving that we were all _______________.
4. 这座图书馆是为了纪念那位科学家而建的。
This library was built to _______________ that scientist.
5. 大量惨痛的经历让他学会了如何坦然面对失败。
_______________ bitter experience had taught him how to lose gracefully.
四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Whatever you’ve got planned this summer — time at the beach, traveling to exotic destinations, or barbecuing in your backyard — you need a good book to keep you company. Luckily, our “GMA” book editor has picked an exciting list of must-reads to keep the pages turning through the summer.
Trust Exercise by Susan Choi
What if your version of the story is the wrong one That’s what “Trust Exercise” asks. What starts as a love story between two teens at an art school with a charming teacher becomes an investigation into the ways teenagers protect themselves. As the perspective of the book shifts, the truth breaks. Susan Choi keeps you on your toes until the very last sentence.
Rules for Visiting by Jessica Francis Kane
This beautiful novel tackles loneliness in the digital age and the lost art of visiting. Shy May is given some unexpected time off as a university gardener and is inspired to reconnect with four once-close friends. She chooses to bypass her friends’ online lives to instead meet them IRL (in real life). This novel gives a whole new meaning to Instagram vs reality.
Mrs Everything by Jennifer Weiner
Get a box of tissues and get ready to meet Jo and Bethie Kaufman — two very different sisters — whose lives, twists and turns we follow over 70 years. New York Times’ best-selling author Jennifer Weiner tackles what it means to be a woman over various generations in this exciting novel.
City of Girls by Elizabeth Gilbert
From the No. 1 New York Times’ best-selling author of “Eat Pray Love” comes a delicious love story about showgirls in 1940s New York City. Gilbert brings charm, adventure and the idea that you don’t have to be a good girl to be a good person.
1. What does Trust Exercise focus on
A. Teen love.
B. Art school education.
C. Truth and lies.
D. Teenagers’ self-protection.
2. Which book is relevant to social networking
A. Trust Exercise. B. Rules for Visiting.
C. City of Girls. D. Mrs Everything.
3. What do Mrs Everything and City of Girls have in common
A. They feature history stories.
B. The two stories happened in the 1940s.
C. They are written by New York Times’ best-selling authors.
D. The characters have influenced various generations.
B
On any given day, you can find most 10-year-old boys throwing a ball around outside, riding bikes or playing video games. But Braden Baker is different.
Braden is a hearing damaged 5th-grader and has to wear hearing aids. Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them — not once but twice and they had to be replaced. But at $3,500 to $6,000 a pair, Braden’s carelessness was costly.
Braden’s mother Ashley sat Braden down and had a long talk about taking better care of his hearing aids, explaining how much they cost. “I told him that he was lucky to get another pair and that some people couldn’t afford a new pair,” Ashley said.
Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.
Braden made a video to explain why he wanted to raise money. Ashley said, “We weren’t sure how it would turn out. He began with a goal of $1,000. We woke up the next morning and found it had raised $400.”
This encouraged him to start making more videos. Fast-forward a few months and Braden’s GoFundMe page has raised over $15,000, which Braden donated to the Oticon Hearing Foundation. That money will be used to help other families buy hearing aids for their children.
The project has not only taught Braden the value of money, but according to his mom, “he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen.”
Braden’s advice to those looking for ways to give back to others is “Don’t give up! Any small idea can get really big.”
4. Why did Braden have to change his hearing aids
A. He lost his old hearing aids carelessly.
B. He wanted a better pair of hearing aids.
C. His hearing problem became more serious.
D. His old hearing aids got destroyed by his dog.
5. What caused Braden to start the GoFundMe page
A. Ashley’s remark on hearing aids.
B. Ashley’s encouragement to him.
C. Braden’s desire to buy a new pair of hearing aids.
D. Braden’s desire to help the poor hearing-impaired kids.
6. How did Braden and his mother feel when the page was started
A. Uncertain. B. Satisfied.
C. Hopeful. D. Worried.
7. What has Braden learned from working on the project
A. Videoing is a good way to collect money.
B. A small idea may make a big difference.
C. It’s important to dream big and hold on to it.
D. One should always make good use of his money.
C
Imagine you found a wallet containing a stranger’s contact details but no cash. Would you return it to its owner Now imagine the same wallet contained a few banknotes. Would that change your response Does it depend on the amount of money And how do you think other people would react
Honesty makes the world go round. Without people trusting in one another, society would fall apart. Honesty is therefore studied academically. Most work in the area, though, takes place under controlled conditions in labs, often featuring (以……为特点) well-off and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By contrast, Alain Cohn of the University of Michigan and his colleagues have taken such behavioral economics around the world, covering 40 countries, 355 cities and more than 17,000 people.
As the team reported this week in Science, Dr Cohn’s research assistants entered public buildings. They handed in a wallet to the receptionist, saying they had found it on the street outside. Each wallet contained contact details. Importantly, some wallets also included $13.45, while others not. Then, the team simply waited to see who would return the wallet.
In 38 of the 40 countries, the wallets with money were returned more often than those without (51% vs 40%). In addition, wallets containing a larger sum of money ( $94.15) were even more likely (by about another 10%) to be returned than those with less.
With greater temptation (诱惑), then, comes greater honesty — at least when it comes to lost wallets. Interestingly, though, such honesty is not reflected in people’s expectations of others. When surveyed, most of 299 volunteers predicted that the more money in a wallet, the less likely it would be returned.
A certain doubt about the motives of others is probably good for survival. But the warm inner thought of “doing the right thing” is also a powerful motivation. How this altruism developed is much debated — particularly when it extends, as in Dr Cohn’s experiments, to strangers whom the altruist has no expectation of ever meeting. Be that as it may, as this study shows, such altruism is real and universal.
8. How is Alain Cohn’s research different from the previous
A. It was carried out in controlled situations.
B. More scientists participated in the research.
C. It covered varied subjects and backgrounds.
D. It took no account of well-educated Westerners.
9. What can we learn from the research
A. Rate of honesty varies among countries.
B. People prefer returning wallets without money.
C. The less money in a wallet, the higher rate of returning.
D. Wallets with more money are more likely to be given back.
10. What can be inferred from paragraph 5
A. People are more honest than we expect.
B. People tend to expect honesty from others.
C. More money always means greater honesty.
D. Most people lose honesty facing great temptation.
11. What does the underlined word “altruism” in the last paragraph mean
A. Doubt of others’ motivations.
B. Understanding of people’s doubt.
C. The motivation for survival.
D. Concern for others’ needs.
D
You may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years, this association, founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world’s most promising “changemakers” seeking to solve urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.
Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy, and useful adult. In fact, it is many young people’s ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka, which handled the rubbish problem facing the city, helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.
When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was organic waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆肥) this waste. They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilizers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14,000.
Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious, practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.
12. What should he do if someone wants to become a changemaker
A. Consider Drayton’s concept.
B. Get permission from Ashoka.
C. Try to improve social conditions.
D. Be a young, happy and healthy adult.
13. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. The poor people in Dhaka.
B. Masqsood and Iftekhar.
C. Drayton and his team.
D. The local farmers.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards Ashoka’s programme
A. Neutral. B. Critical.
C. Skeptical. D. Positive.
15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. Rubbish Problems. B. Businessmen.
C. Social Conditions. D. Changemakers.
五、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she returned with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. 1 Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.
But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. 2
In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florence went to the British hospital in Scutari (now sküdar in Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere. 3 Many soldiers died before receiving help.
The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals — until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived. 4 Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients with her lamp.
When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she had nursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.
After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.
5 All of this was because of the “lady with the lamp”.
A. Nursing became an honored profession.
B. There was no running water and no heat.
C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.
D. Florence saw the soldiers’ health had improved.
E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.
F. They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.
G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This happened just a few minutes ago and I wanted to share. It was not a big deal, but it put a smile on my face and made me feel very 1 .
I headed for the local store, which was also 2 as a petrol station. As I entered, I noticed that all the pumps (加油泵) didn’t work. I thought they had just run out of 3 .
The local store was 4 tonight, somewhat different from usual. I grabbed a few bits and pieces and went to the checkout (收银台). After 5 chatting with the employer, I learned that earlier that day there was something wrong with the fuse (保险丝), which 6 the electric system in the entire store. Pumps and refrigeration were out of action, no online payment.
I went to pay but the card reader didn’t work. 7 I was holding up the line so I put aside the things I 8 and told the employer I was heading outside for the ATM.
I headed out, but the ATM was also out of 9 . I went back in and while dealing with the next customer, the employer 10 and spotted me. I told him the ATM didn’t work and I would run home to fetch some cash. At that moment, a man after me insisted on 11 the cost of my things. It wasn’t a large amount, only 5 pounds, but made a great 12 . It was a lovely thing for him to help others in 13 . He said it was nice to help someone out and it
14 me from having to run back home and back to the shop and back home again.
Although many twists and turns exist in the world, there will always be gifts in your life. Enjoy the gifts, and 15 the gifts.
1. A. excited B. disappointed C. regretful D. grateful
2. A. decorated B. regarded C. used D. considered
3. A. fuel B. time C. money D. water
4. A. empty B. strange C. peaceful D. noisy
5. A. briefly B. secretly C. angrily D. happily
6. A. improved B. changed C. strengthened D. destroyed
7. A. Personally B. Surprisingly C. Obviously D. Luckily
8. A. moved B. threw C. possessed D. chose
9. A. order B. date C. place D. balance
10. A. looked down B. looked up C. turned down D. turned up
11. A. reducing B. increasing C. accounting D. covering
12. A. difference B. impression C. decision D. mistake
13. A. relief B. debt C. need D. danger
14. A. banned B. saved C. protected D. kept
15. A. accept B. balance C. share D. seek
七、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Photographer Tony Taylor was leaving a football match when he felt a sharp pain in his shoulder. He was having a heart attack. 1 (thankful) our volunteers were standby.
“As I walked to my car I was 2 the phone to my wife when I 3 (realize) I was really dizzy.
“I woke up on the floor and had been having a really vivid dream, 4 I thought I was asleep.”
“I didn’t feel any pain. I felt fine. I actually felt really upbeat.”
“When they put 5 (I) in the ambulance, someone said, ‘you were dead five minutes ago’.”
Tony, 53, had suffered a heart attack. Luckily, our volunteers Colin and Matt were nearby. They saw Tony 6 (fall) and performed CPR and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in the stadium car park. Other volunteers ran for vital 7 (equip) and the pair worked on Tony until the ambulance arrived.
Tony spent 33 days in hospital after a triple heart-bypass. When he 8 (send) home, his one priority was to meet Matt and Colin.
“The guys are 9 (hero),” he said. “Knowing I wouldn’t be here without them is
10 strange feeling, and all I could think about was getting out and thanking them.”
八、写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华。你校学生会正在招募中英文化交流志愿者，为来你校访问的英国朋友提供志愿者服务。你想成为其中一员，请根据下列要求用英语写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 对志愿者工作的认识；
2. 你能承担的工作及理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua. I am eager to be a volunteer for the China-UK cultural exchanges. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、1. publish 2. despair 3. accident 4. replace 5. export
flexible 7. decade 8. passive 9. insurance 10. principles
二、1. marriage 2. response 3. scholarship 4. rejection 5. election
6. scared 7. energetic 8. complaint 9. majority 10. retirement
三、1. passed away
2. trip over
3. in tears
4. in memory of
5. A great deal of
四、
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几本令人兴奋的必读书。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What starts as a love story between two teens at an art school with a charming teacher becomes an investigation into the ways teenagers protect themselves.”可知，这本小说关注的是青少年的自我保护。故选D。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This beautiful novel tackles loneliness in the digital age and the lost art of visiting.”可知，这本小说探讨的是数字时代的孤独以及亲自拜访艺术的消失，由此可推知，这本小说与社交有关。故选B。
3. C 推理判断题。根据Mrs Everything部分的“New York Times’ best-selling author Jennifer Weiner tackles”以及City of Girls部分的“From the No. 1 New York Times’ best-selling author of ‘Eat Pray Love’”可知，这两本小说的作者都是《纽约时报》畅销书的作者。故选C。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名10岁听障男孩制作网页并录制视频发起筹款，帮助贫困听障儿童购买助听器的故事。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unluckily, Braden’s dog Chewy found his hearing aids on the floor and destroyed them — not once but twice and they had to be replaced.”可知，Braden的狗弄坏了他的助听器。故选D。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容“Those words stuck in Braden’s mind, who realized not every child who needed hearing aids could afford them. Recently the 10-year-old boy decided to start a GoFundMe page to raise money for those who aren’t so lucky.”可知，Braden了解到有些儿童买不起助听器，因此他想筹款帮助这些贫困听障儿童。故选D。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“We weren’t sure how it would turn out”可知，一开始发起筹款时，Braden和妈妈都不确定结果怎样。故选A。
7. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“he’s learned that if you put a small idea into action, amazing things can happen”以及最后一段可知，Braden通过募集资金学到：将小小的想法付诸行动，会有意想不到的好事发生。故选B。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。Alain Cohn博士进行了一项用金钱参与的研究，试图探测不同人的诚实度。研究表明，人们的诚实是真实而普遍的。
8. C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“Most work in the area, though, takes place under controlled conditions in labs, often featuring (以……为特点) well-off and well-educated Westerners as its subjects. By contrast, Alain Cohn of the University of Michigan and his colleagues have taken such behavioral economics around the world, covering 40 countries, 355 cities and more than 17,000 people.”可知，Alain Cohn的研究与以往不同，他的研究涵盖了不同的对象和背景。故选C。
9. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In 38 of the 40 countries, the wallets with money were returned more often than those without (51% vs 40%). In addition, wallets containing a larger sum of money ($94.15) were even more likely (by about another 10%) to be returned than those with less.”可知，研究表明，钱包里的钱越多，就越有可能被归还。故选D。
10. A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段关键句“With greater temptation (诱惑), then, comes greater honesty — at least when it comes to lost wallets. Interestingly, though, such honesty is not reflected in people’s expectations of others.”及本段内容可知，人们比我们想象得更诚实。故选A。
11. D 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“A certain doubt about the motives of others is probably good for survival. But the warm inner thought of ‘doing the right thing’ is also a powerful motivation.”、“particularly when it extends, as in Dr Cohn’s experiments, to strangers”及“real and universal”可以推测，altruism表示关心他人的需求行为，即，利他主义。故选D。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Bill Drayton创立的Ashoka机构向那些希望解决迫切问题的“changemakers”提供资金，并具体介绍了Ashoka在1995年为Dhaka解决垃圾问题所取得的成就。
12. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change ... If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it”和“In fact, it is many ... improve social conditions”可推知，任何人，只要想解决看到的问题，想要改善社会环境，都可以成为一个“changemaker”。故选C。
13. A 代词指代题。根据第三段中的“When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem ... So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆肥) this waste.”和“At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off.”可推知，画线词them指的是上文中Masqsood和Iftekhar教导的对象“the poor people in the city”。故选A。
14. D 观点态度题。在文章中，作者介绍了Bill Drayton创立Ashoka机构的目的，并具体介绍了Ashoka在1995年解决Dhaka垃圾问题所取得的成功。此外，在最后一段中，Bill Drayton对Ashoka的前景进行了展望。综上可以看出，作者对于Ashoka这一机构的介绍是正向的，持乐观态度。故选D。
15. D 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了致力于消除贫困和疾病、提升教育、鼓励小企业的Ashoka机构，向那些希望解决迫切问题的“变革者”提供资金；再结合第一段的最后一句可知，Bill Drayton与其创立的机构Ashoka的目的是为潜在的“changemakers”提供帮助，让他们去“change”这个世界，“changemakers”正是文章的主题。故选D。
五、
本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了Florence Nightingale经过多年的努力，使得护理成了一种令人尊敬的职业。
1. E 根据下文“Her family was shocked because nursing was not a respected profession.”语境可知，Florence Nightingale的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。E项“As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.”说明了Florence Nightingale决定成为一名护士的想法，引出下文，符合语境。故选E。
2. G 根据上文“Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could.”可知，后来，Florence Nightingale去了法国、德国和爱尔兰的医院，尽她所能地学习。G项“Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.”说明了Florence Nightingale游学取得的成就，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
3. B 根据上一句“The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were running everywhere.”可知，医院的地上到处躺着人，到处都是老鼠。B项“There was no running water and no heat.”与上一句并列，描述了医院的惨状，符合语境。故选B。
4. F 上文“The doctors wouldn’t listen to Florence because they didn’t like the idea of women in army hospitals — until one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者) arrived.”讲到，医生们不愿听从Florence Nightingale的建议，因为他们不喜欢军队医院里有女性的存在——直到有一天，突然有500名伤亡者来到了医院。下文“Florence made changes, making sure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for.”讲到，Florence Nightingale做了一些改变，确保这些人被清洗干净，他们的伤势得到了治疗。根据上下文语境可知，F项“They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
5. A 根据上一段最后一句“Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.”可知，现在Florence Nightingale可以在伦敦建立Nightingale培训学校了。再根据该段中的“After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals.”可知，经过多年的努力，Florence Nightingale看到了更干净、更令人愉快的医院。A项“Nursing became an honored profession.”是对上文Florence Nightingale取得的成就的进一步总结，符合语境。故选A。
六、
本文是一篇记叙文。作者去当地商店买东西，由于电力系统出现故障，店里的读卡机和外面的自助取款机都不能使用，作者正打算回家拿现金的时候，一位好心人主动帮助作者支付了费用。作者感悟到我们每个人的生命中都有这样美好的礼物，呼吁人们享受并分享这些礼物。
1. D 根据下文内容可知，作者提到的这件事使他心怀感激。excited“兴奋的”；disappointed“失望的”；regretful“后悔的”；grateful“感激的”。故选D。
2. C 根据“As I entered, I noticed that all the pumps (加油泵) didn’t work.”可知，当地的商店也被用作加油站。decorate“装饰”；regard“认为”；use“使用”；consider“考虑；认为”。be used as ...为固定搭配，意为“被用作……”。故选C。
3. A 根据上下文语境可知，本句中的they指代的是上一句中的pumps。作者因为看到加油泵没有工作，进而以为加油泵没油了。fuel“燃料”；time“时间”；money“金钱”；water“水”。run out of fuel为固定搭配，意为“没油，燃料短缺”。故选A。
4. B 由下文中的“somewhat different from usual”可知，今天晚上这家商店有点奇怪。empty“空的”；strange“奇怪的”；peaceful“宁静的”；noisy“嘈杂的”。故选B。
5. A 根据常理可以推断出，这里是指作者与老板简单地聊了一下，了解到那天早些时候保险丝出现了故障。briefly“简单地”；secretly“秘密地”；angrily“生气地”；happily“高兴地”。故选A。
6. D 根据语境可知，保险丝出问题，损毁了整个店的电力系统。improve“提高”；change“改变”；strengthen“加强”；destroy“毁坏”。故选D。
7. C 根据上文可知，作者本打算刷卡，但刷卡机也用不了，由此可推断出：很显然，作者妨碍了后面的人，所以作者把刚才选的东西放在一边，告诉老板自己去外面的自助取款机（取些现金）。personally“亲自”；surprisingly“惊人地”；obviously“显然地”；luckily“幸运地”。故选C。
8. D 参见上题解析。move“移动”；throw“扔”；possess“拥有”；choose“选择”。故选D。
9. A 根据下文中的“I told him the ATM didn’t work”可知，自助取款机也发生了故障。out of order“出故障”；out of date“过时的”；out of place“不合适”；out of balance“失去平衡”。故选A。
10. B 根据常识可以推断出，这里是指老板抬头看见了作者。look down“向下看”；look up“向上看；抬头看”；turn down“拒绝，关小”；turn up“出现，调大”。故选B。
11. D 根据下文“He said it was nice to help someone out”可知，作者后面的那个人帮助作者支付了费用。reduce“减少”；increase“增加”；account“认为是”；cover“支付”。cover the cost为固定搭配，意为“支付费用”。故选D。
12. A 根据“It wasn’t a large amount, only 5 pounds, but”可知，该句话前后为转折关系。作者是想表达，虽然那个人帮助作者支付的不是个大数目，但是对作者来说意义非常大。make a difference“有作用／关系／影响”；make a impression“留下好印象”；make a decision“做决定”；make a mistake“犯错误”。故选A。
13. C 根据语境可知，这里是指帮助在困难中的人。in relief“如释重负”；in debt“欠债”；in need“在困难中”；in danger“在危险中”。故选C。
14. B 根据语境可知，那个人帮作者付款，从而避免了作者回家拿钱再回来，然后再回家。ban sb. from doing sth.“禁止某人做某事”；save sb. from doing sth.“使某人避免做某事”；protect sb. from doing sth.“使某人免受某伤害”；keep sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故选B。
15. C 根据语境可知，作者最后号召大家享受生活中的礼物，并分享这些礼物。第一段中的“I wanted to share”也是提示。accept“接受”；balance“权衡”；share“分享”；seek“寻求”。故选C。
本文是一篇新闻报道。摄影师托尼·泰勒正要离开足球场时心脏病发作，在场的志愿者们对他进行了急救，并叫了救护车，从而挽救了他的生命。托尼很感激志愿者们救了他一命。
1. Thankfully 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，所以用thankful的副词形式。故填Thankfully。
2. on 考查介词。根据语境可知，我走向我的汽车的时候，正在给妻子打电话。on the phone为固定用法，表示“打电话”。故填on。
3. realized 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，这里是Tony Taylor在回忆过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填realized。
4. so 考查连词。根据语境可知，前面提到的是原因“我醒来躺在地板上，以为自己做了一个非常生动的梦”，下文表示的是结果“所以我以为我睡着了”。故填so。
5. me 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作put的宾语，因此应用I的宾格形式。故填me。
6. fall 考查非谓语动词。此处为“see sb. do sth.”结构，意为“看见某人做了某事（全过程）”。该处表示“他们（两位志愿者）看到Tony倒下了”。故填fall。
7. equipment 考查词性转换。根据前面的介词for可知，空处应填equip的名词形式。故填equipment。
8. was sent 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，send和主语he为动宾关系，所以用被动语态，且该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时态。故填was sent。
9. heroes 考查名词的复数。根据前面的The guys可知，空处应用复数形式，指的是这两个人都是英雄。故填heroes。
10. a 考查冠词。句意：知道没有他们我就不会在这里是一种奇怪的感觉。根据句意可知，这里泛指一种感觉，所以应用不定冠词；另外，strange是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
八、
Dear Sir,
I’m Li Hua. I am eager to be a volunteer for the China-UK cultural exchanges.
In my opinion, being a volunteer is a way to spread love and strengthen the relationship between the two nations. Meanwhile, it can bring out the best in me by helping foreign friends, making myself a better person.
With a good command of English and great patience, I will be a good guide for foreign friends. Besides, I’ve worked as a volunteer guide before, so I know what to expect and how to deal with possible problems.
Hope my application will meet with your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua