2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（含解析）

2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练
A
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
1．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Security.
C．Price. D．Location.
2．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel. B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel. D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
3．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night. B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi. D．It’s inconveniently located.
B
As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States, the arrival of spring had little meaning for me. Sure, we had a weeklong spring vocation from school, but the key word there was vacation, not spring.
For the kids in my neighborhood, the arrival of spring was a non-event. There were two important seasons: winter, when we could go skating and sledding or build snow forts, and summer, when we could finally make proper use of the beach about 100 meter east of my family home. Spring and autumn were just technical details, weeks and weeks of waiting for the good times’ return.
Admittedly, spring later developed its own attractions for me- “In the spring a young man’s fancy turns to thoughts of love”, as the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson noted-however, it was not spring itself, but the other stuff bat got my attention.
In short, I never thought much at all about spring.... and then I arrived in China. I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around, and it could hardly be ignored. Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night, what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty.
It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding. My puzzlement cleared up when I returned to work. My colleagues explained that Chinese traditionally travel, if necessary, to visit their families during Spring Festival, and that many Beijingers were not natives of the capital.
I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me. Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin, there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather. Spring really does arrive.
I can’t begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year. But they did.；
4．What did the author think of spring as a child
A．It was a season full of promise. B．It was always beyond his imagination.
C．It was a tiring and long holiday. D．It hardly left a good impression on him.；
5．What impressed the author most about Beijing during the Spring Festival
A．The busy traffic. B．The unexpected quietness.
C．Beijingers’ love for travel. D．Occasional bursts of fireworks.；
6．How does the author feel about the system created by ancient Chinese
A．Adorable. B．Confused. C．Wonderful. D．Convenient.；
7．What can be inferred from the text
A．Spring Festival in Beijing will make one feel quite lonely.
B．The author spent his first Spring Festival at a colleague’s home.
C．In China Spring Festival always indicates the coming of Spring.
D．The author still worked during the Spring Festival while in Beijing.
C
Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons took alike, old and new.”
However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA orbiter Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机) . They found that there were lots of faults (断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.
According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core (核) .The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin (葡萄干) . Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky crust (外壳) . the moon’s surface continues to push up, “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong around five on the Richter scale (里氏震级 ) ,” said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.
But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and live on in the future Maybe not, reported the Telegraph, “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere,” Watters comforted us.
The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking — we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that,” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.
8．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to
A．It stays the same as before. B．It is becoming lightly smaller.
C．It is getting older and older. D．It has passed away.
9．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph
A．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.
B．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.
C．It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.
D．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.
10．Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon
A．Zhang Ruoxu. B．Thomas Watters.
C．Nathan Williams. D．The journalist.
11．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon
A．It is a dead and boring place. B．It has lots of faults on the surface.
C．It is valuable to do more science. D．It isn’t a place where we can live.
D
For centuries, artists usually give people an impression: they are the “Starving Artists”, struggling to make ends meet. Henri Murger proved that. He was born the son of a doorman in France. Living in Paris, he was surrounded by creative geniuses and dreamed of joining them, but he grew upset with his failure to earn money.
In 1847, Murger published a book. It’s a collection of stories about poverty, which launched the concept of the “Starving Artists” into the public’s understanding as the model for a creative life. To this day, it endures as the model for what we imagine when we think of the word “artist”.
Today, what we forget is that the story of the “Starving Artist” is a myth. In fact, it is really just an imaginary story. Due to the power of this myth in Murger’s book, many of us just want to become lawyers instead of writers, bankers instead of poets, and doctors instead of painters. Nobody wants to struggle ultimately. Thus, we just keep our passion a hobby instead of a career.
In the early Renaissance, artists did not have reputations for being diligent workers. They were considered manual laborers, receiving small amounts of money for their work. Michelangelo Buonarroti, however, changed all that. He was not only a master sculptor but also the most affluent artist of his time. After him, every artist began to see a “new pattern of doing things”, in the words of Bill Wallace, professor of art history at Washington University. Michelangelo established the idea that an artist could become a new figure in society and have a higher social status, and also that he could become financially successful.
Michelangelo did not need to starve for his creations, and neither do you. When we hear the tales and warnings about what it means to be an artist, we must understand an important truth—you don’t have to starve and you might as well make a living from your creative talents.；
12．What concept is presented in Henri Murger’s story collection
A．Artists are not easy to become well known.
B．Being creative is not a really good thing sometimes.
C．Artists usually experience financial difficulties.
D．One has to be a very creative genius to be an artist.；
13．What is described in paragraph 3
A．People’s imagination of artists. B．People’s various comments on being artists.
C．Murger’s understanding of artists. D．The influence of Murger’s books.；
14．What does the underlined word “affluent” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Wealthy. B．Controversial. C．Starving. D．Humorous.；
15．What’s the main purpose of the last paragraph
A．To ask people to read more tales. B．To advise people to make use of their talents.
C．To encourage people to lead a rich life. D．To tell successful artists an important truth.
参考答案
【答案】
1．C
2．B
3．C
【详解】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).(罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆)”可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。故选C；
2．细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.(如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆)”可知，如果喜欢活跃社交生活的人，Hostel Alessandro Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B；
3．细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.(但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi费用)”可知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选C。
【答案】
4．D
5．B
6．C
7．C
【详解】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，后来，来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心；
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States, the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.(作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义。)”可知，春天对作者几乎没有给他留下好印象。故选D；
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around, and it could hardly be ignored. Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night, what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty. (当我第一个春节到来时，我已经在北京待了大约三个月了，这个春节几乎不能被忽视。除了白天或晚上任何时候随机爆发的烟花，最让我印象深刻的是首都似乎空荡荡的。)”和第五段“It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding. (似乎在首都常见的人群和川流不息的汽车和卡车都躲起来了。)”可知，春节期间的北京给作者印象最深的是意想不到的安静。故选B；
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I can’t begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system that would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year. But they did. (我不明白古代中国人是如何创造出一个几乎总是能准确预测年复一年季节变化时间的系统的。但他们做到了。)”可推断，作者如何看待中国古代创造的系统太棒了。故选C；
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me. Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin, there is an almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather. Spring really does arrive. (我也第一次知道了一些关于春节的事情，这一直让我感到惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立即突然好转。春天真的来了。)”可推断，在中国春节总是预示着春天的到来。故选C。
【答案】
8．B；
9．D；
10．B；
11．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。发表在《自然地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上正随着时间慢慢缩小。而国家航空航天博物馆的资深科学家和美国宇航局科学家认为我们并不用担心月球的缩小问题。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.（然而，发表在《自然地球科学》(Nature Geoscience)杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上正随着时间慢慢缩小。）可知月球正在变得越来越小。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down.（根据美国宇航局的说法，月球是由具有热内核的岩石碎片组成的。月球在诞生时继续膨胀。但在这个过程中，它释放能量并冷却下来。）可知月球有一个热的核心，在膨胀的过程中释放能量。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere,” Watters comforted us.（“这没什么好担心的。月球可能正在缩小，但幅度不大。它哪儿也去不了，” Watters安慰我们。）可知Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking — we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that,” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.（“我们去过月球，也做了一些伟大的科学研究，但仍然有很多我们不知道的。月球正在缩小——直到最近我们才真正意识到这一点。这是一个比我们想象中更加活跃和有趣的地方，我们应该去探索。美国宇航局科学家Nathan Williams说。）可知Nathan Williams认为去月球做更多的科学研究是有价值的。故选C。
【答案】
12．C
13．D
14．A
15．B
【详解】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了几个世纪以来，人们对艺术家有一个错误的认识，认为它们是一群在温饱线上挣扎的人。而事实情况并非如此；
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s a collection of stories about poverty, which launched the concept of the “Starving Artists” into the public’s understanding as the model for a creative life.(这是一套关于贫困的故事集，它引起了饥饿的艺术家这一概念，成为了大众理解中的创造性生活的典范)”可知，Henri Murger在他的故事集里面提到艺术家通常会经历经济上的困难，故选C项；
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Due to the power of this myth in Murger’s book, many of us just want to become lawyers instead of writers, bankers instead of poets, and doctors instead of painters. Nobody wants to struggle ultimately(由于Murger’书中的神话的力量，我们许多人想成为律师而不是作家，银行家而不是诗人，医生而不是画家。没人愿意最终在贫苦中挣扎)”可知，第三段主要讲了Murger的书所带来的影响，故选D项；
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“They were considered manual laborers, receiving small amounts of money for their work. Michelangelo Buonarroti, however, changed all that.(他们被认为是体力劳动者，工作收入很少。然而Michelangelo Buonarroti改变了这一切)”其中的转折词可知，上文说的是收入很低，而Michelangelo Buonarroti 改变了这一切，工作收入很高，可推理出划线部分的含义为富有，故选A项；
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“you don’t have to starve and you might as well make a living from your creative talents(你不必挨饿，说不定你还能利用你创造性的天分去谋生)”可知，最后一段的目的是劝说人们要充分利用他们的才能，故选B项。
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