人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters复习课件(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural Disaster
复习案
词形转换
01
1.______________n.灾难；灾害______________adj.灾难性的
2.______________n.&vt营救；救援；______________n.营救人员
3.___________vt.& vi.疏散；撤离______________n.疏散；撤离
4._______________n.死亡；_____________vi.死亡 _____________adj.死亡的_____________adj.致命的
5.______________n.&vt.震惊；休克；（使）震惊______________adj.令人震惊的______________adj.感到震惊
disaster
disastrous
rescue
rescuer
evacuate
evacuation
death
die
dead
deadly
shock
shocking
shocked
natural disaster 自然灾害
a disastrous harvest/fire/result 严重歉收╱火灾；灾难性的结果
(同义) catastrophe(n.) catastrophic(adj.)
Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
dead body 尸体 dead leaves/wood/skin 枯叶╱木；死皮
a deadly weapon/disease 致命的武器╱疾病
6.______________n.电；电能____________adj.与电有关的；带电的______________adj.电子的______________adj.带电的
7._______________vt.& vi.呼吸______________n.呼吸______________adj.气喘吁吁的
8.______________n.智慧、才智______________adj.有智慧的
9._____________vt.& vi.遭受_________________n.痛苦；受难10.______________n.火山______________adj.火山的；猛烈的
11.______________vt.& vi.（火山）爆发；(岩浆)喷发______________n.（火山）爆发
electricity
electric
electronic
electrical
breathe
breath
breathless
wisdom
wise
suffer
suffering
volcano
volcanic
erupt
eruption
electric shock 触电
electronic products/equipment 电子产品/设备
electrical appliance 电器
out of breath 上气不接下气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
volcanic eruption 火山爆发
12.__________n.&vt.供应；补给；补给品_________n.供应商
13.______________vt.& vi.生存；幸存；存活___________n.生存；幸存；存活______________n.幸存者；生存者
14.______________n.电力供应；能量；控制力；能力；权力______________adj.有能量的；强大的______________adj.无力的；无效的
15.__________n.出现，显现；崭露头角________adj.新兴的
16.______________adj. 镇静的；沉着的
______________n.镇静；沉着；冷静
supply
supplier
survive
survival
survivor
power
powerful
powerless
emergence
emergent
calm
calmness
区分emergency n.紧急情况
urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的
urgency n.紧急，迫切；迫切需要；紧急的事
emergent nations/states
新兴民族╱国家
survive the earthquake 在地震中幸存下来
17._________n.&vt.& vi.袭击；突击；击打；罢工；罢课______（过去式）___________（过去分词）___________adj.显著的；吸引人的_______n.罢工者
18._________vt.& vi.递送；传达；发表
__________n.快递；递送；传达；转让；分娩
19.______vt.影响；结果；效果_______n.影响；感情；喜爱
20._____n.影响；结果；效果______adj.有效的；有影响力的
21._____adj.长的_____n.长度______vt.& vi.加长；变长
strike
struck
stricken/struck
striking
striker
deliver
delivery
affect
affection
effect
effective
long
length
lengthen
区分：stick v.粘，贴；卡住，钉住（stick to 坚持） stick-stuck-stuck get stuck 被卡住
n.棒子；棍子；枝条
sticky adj. sticky notes 便利贴
stricken adj. 受灾的，患病的，受困扰的；（脸或表情）非常悲痛的，极其忧伤的
earthquake-stricken area 震灾区
flood-stricken area 洪灾区
drought-stircken area 旱灾区
poverty-stricken area 贫困区
go on a strike 罢工
deliver sth. to sb. 派送
deliver a speech 发表演讲
deliver a baby 助产；接生 be delivered of a baby=give birth to a baby 分娩；生产
have an affection for 深爱...
重点词组
02
1._________________ 谈及；指的是 2.________________ 确保
3. _________________ 和往常一样 4. ___________ 消灭，彻底消除
5. _________________ 仿佛 6. _________________ 成为废墟
7. _________________ 露天，在户外 8. _________________ 震惊
9. _________________ 经历 10. ________________ 遭受
11. _________________寻找 12. _________________ 日日夜夜
13. ________________被困在……中 14. _________________ 埋头于
15.________________现有（尤指帮助） 16.________________急救箱
refer to
make sure
as usual
sweep away
as if/though
lie in ruins
in shock
in the open air
suffer from
go through
day and night
search for
be trapped in
be buried in
on hand
first aid kit
refer to as 指的是
=be in search of
get through 通过；到达；做完；接通电话；度过，熬过(困难时期等)
表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：
(1)be devoted to；(2)be lost in；(3)be engaged in；
(4)be absorbed in；(5)focus/concentrate on
课文填空
03
Strange things happened in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. The well walls had deep cracks. Some 1.__________(smell) gas came out of them. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.____________(eat). At 3:42 3.____________ the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4.____________ seemed as if the world were coming to an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground and hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, the whole city lay in 5.____________(ruin).
smelly
to eat
on
It
ruins
空气中荡漾着山和海的芬芳气息。
_________________________________________________________.
The air was fragrant with scents from the sea and the hills.
Two thirds of people died or were 6.____________(injure). Everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.____________(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 8.____________ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.____________(survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan 10.____________ (build) upon the earthquake ruins.
injured
shocked
who
survivors
was built
“as if...”意为“似乎/好像……”
(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！　仿佛世界末日即将来临！
[佳句背诵] Some people, on losing a job, may feel as if it were the end of the world.
有些人一失去工作，就觉得好像到了世界末日似的。
[名师点津] 如果as if引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)或动词-ing形式。
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she _____(be) their own mother.
②Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he _________(do) something very clever.
③He opened his mouth as if _______(say) something important.
were
had done
to say
[再写美]——微写作
④(2021·浙江卷6月读后续写)一靠近房子的时候，我注意到我的爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，一脸悲伤。 好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。
Upon approaching the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad. _______________________________________________
背诵点 读后续写之消极场景/心情描写
It seemed as if something unpleasant happened.
语法填空
04
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, ___________________________（导致6500多人遇难）in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars _____________________________（被巨浪卷走）caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake _______________________________ (发生在周日上午7点左右) off the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra Island._________________（仅在该区域）, at least 1,870 people were killed.
killing more than 6,500 people
were swept away by huge waves
struck around 7：00 a．m., Sunday
In that area alone
sweep-swept-swept
In southern Thailand, 1,900 people were hurt and many more were missing, local officials said. “__________________________________________________________________________（我和三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始灌水）. We had to leave everything and
run to safety，”said Chandra Theeravit, a local Thai woman. Thousands of people are still missing, and ________________________________________________(预计死亡人数还会增加)over the next few days.
Foreign aid is being organised for the _________________(遭受海啸袭击的国家). However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads __________________________________________（将使运输事物和物资变得困难.
I was having breakfast with my three
children when water started filling my home
the number of deaths is expected to
tsunami hit countries
will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies
grow even higher
be doing ...when... 正在做某事，此时...
had done sth...when .... 刚做完某事，此时...
be about to do ...when... 正准备要做某事，此时...
语法复习
05
（一）、定义1．在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。2．关系词分为关系代词(that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as)和关系副词(when、 where、 why)两类。（二）、关系代词的基本用法
1．who指人，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.(作主语)
在那次灾难中丧生的人数超过了100。 Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.(作宾语)
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可以用who代替。I'd really like to find a friend whom/who I can trust completely.(作宾语)
我很想找一个可以完全信任的朋友。There are many people with whom you can share your feelings.(作宾语)
你可以与许多人分享自己的感受。
3．whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。
Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.(修饰人)任何由于家境贫寒而上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。He lives in a room whose window faces north.(修饰物) 他住在一个窗户朝北的房间里。
【点津】
(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who/that来代替。The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday is John's brother.
昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。
(2)在定语从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。The man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of mine.
刚才和你说话的那个男人是我的一个亲戚。
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
Everywhere I saw，there were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.(作主语)
我看到到处都是被地震毁掉的建筑。
The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school.(作宾语)
她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
This is the house in which I once lived.(作介词in的宾语) 这是我曾经住过的房子。
5．that既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who、whom，指物多用which。This is the novel that interests me.(指物，作主语) 这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost.(指物，作宾语) 我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.(that指人，作主语) 每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。【点津】关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。[误]The film (that/which) we saw it last night was very frightening.[正]The film (that/which) we saw last night was very frightening.
（三）、关系代词只能用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all、 everything、 nothing、 anything、 much等不定代词时。
Have you taken down everything (that) Mr Li said 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都已经做了。
2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 This is the most delicious food (that) I have ever had. 这是我吃过的最美味可口的食物。
3．当先行词被all、 every、 no、 the only、 the very、 the last等修饰时。
I've read all the books that are not mine. 所有那些不属于我的书我都已经读完了。The only thing (that) she could do was to go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。I have found the very pen (that) I lost yesterday. 我已经找到昨天丢的那支钢笔了。
4．当先行词既指人又指物时。 We often talk about the persons and things (that) we remember. 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
1. He is a man ____________ means what he says.他是一个说话算话的人。
2. To be frank, I don’t like the movie ____________ you recommend to me yesterday.老实说，你昨天推荐给我的那部电影我不喜欢。
3. Is there anyone in your department ____________ father is a teacher
你们系有父亲是老师的人吗？
4. Do you have anything ____________ you want to say 你有什么要说的吗？
5. Do you know the things and persons ____________ they are talking about
你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？
who/that
which/that
whose
that
that
6.We paid a visit to the museum ____________ was built three hundred years ago.我们去参观了那个三百年前建立的博物馆。
7.Do you know the man ____________ our headmaster is talking with over there 你认识那边正在和我们校长谈话的人吗？
8.I still remember the day ____________ we met.
我仍记得我们见面的那一天。
9.I still remember the day ____________ we spent together.
这是他两年前住的房子。
10.This is the factory ____________ we visited yesterday.
这是我们昨天参观的工厂。
which/that
whom/that/who
when
which/that
which/that
11.This is the factory __________ my father works.
这是我父亲工作的工厂。
12.This is the reason ____________ he went away.
这就是他离开的原因。
13.This is the reason __________ he gave me. 这就是他给我的原因。
14.What is the first American movie __________ you have seen
你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？
15.This is the most interesting film __________ I’ve ever seen.
这是我看过最有趣的电影。
16.This is the biggest factory ______ his father has worked.
这是我父亲工作过的最大的工厂。
where
why
which/that
that
that
where
1.【2020全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】In ancient China lived an artist ___________ paintings were almost lifelike. 2.【2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum _____________opened in 1759. 3.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _________ she opened with her late husband Les. 4.【2019全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】They were well trained by their masters__________ had great experience with caring for these animals. 5.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _________gives off light in the dark.
whose
which/that
which
who/that
which/that
6.【2018全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
7.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 – when the government started a soil-testing program ___________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers – and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
8.【2018浙江卷6月语法填空】
Many westerners ______ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
which/that
which/that
who/that
9.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】But Sarah, _________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 10.【2017浙江卷语法填空】Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, __________ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
who
where
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　(2022·大连高三质检)Covering 7 million square kilometers of jungle and the river over eight countries, the Amazon rainforest is home to millions of sorts of plants and animals, some of 1._____________ are still being discovered today. It's also the world's 2._____________ (large) supplier of oxygen and is a treasure chest of medical 3._____________ (researcher) who are experimenting with different plants in the hope of finding cures for certain diseases. 4._____________， the world is at the risk of losing this rich rainforest because of deforestation (滥伐森林) 5._____________ (cause) by the actions of farmers, loggers and settlers.
which
largest
researchers
However
caused
　　The Amazon Basin 6._____________ (lose) 20% of its rainforest since 1970. Cattle farmers have 7._____________ (continuous) cleared the land for cows 8._____________ (eat) on and crop farmers have begun slash and burn (刀耕火种), a farming method that involves cutting down forests and burning the land to make 9._____________ suitable for agricultural purposes. Loggers have been cutting down the trees for timber (木材), further decreasing its size.
has lost
continuously
to eat
it
　　With the destruction of the Amazon rainforest, global warming becomes more of a threat. It is up to each individual to fight against the 10._____________ (disappear) of the Amazon rainforest by making the world know something about this environmental disaster.
　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。被称为“地球之肺”“绿色心脏”的亚马孙雨林因砍伐和开荒而遭到破坏。
disappearance
话题作文
06
2019年6月17日四川宜宾市长宁县发生了6.0级地震，某英文报近日发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动。请以“Great Changes”为题，用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下：1. 某中学灾后三年来的变化，如教学与活动场所，以及师生精神面貌等；2. 发生变化的原因；3. 你的感谢。
Great Changes I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years. On June 17,2019, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school, leaving badly - damaged buildings . （交代背景）It is now, however, taking on a new look . Tall buildings have been put up, including classroom and laboratory buildings, and a library. There is also a newly - built standard playground. In the new environment, teachers and students are living happily and working hard.（灾后新变化） It is really amazing that the once - ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life. Obviously, without the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today. It is love and concern that have brought the great changes.（发生变化的原因）Many hands make light work. We can work wonders if we continue as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength.（你的感想）
假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了主题为“预防森林火灾”的校园活动。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：1．参加人员；2．活动内容：观看短片、制作黑板报；3．活动反响。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Last Friday, our school held an activity about forest fire prevention. Over 500 teachers and students took part. First, we watched several short videos about how forest fires start, how dangerous they can be and what to do to prevent them. Then, each class designed their own blackboard newspaper showing the dangers of forest fires and actions we should take in our daily life to prevent forest fires.（活动内容） The students thought the activity was meaningful because it let them realize forest fires can be deadly but they can do something to prevent and control them.（活动反响）
Thank You
(1)a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊
cultural shock 文化冲突
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked （adj. ） 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by... 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①Looking at the house which lay in ruins _____ shock, he called 911 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped.
②All of us were __________ at the ___________ news that many deaths had been caused by the mountain fire.(shock)
in
shocked
shocking
[联想发散] 各种“惊讶”荟萃：
(1)astonishing与astonished；
(2)amazing与amazed；
(3)surprising与surprised
[再写美]——句式升级
(普通表达)So many people were injured or died in the earthquake. All of us were shocked.
③(高级表达)________________________________ so many people were injured or died in the earthquake.(what引导主语从句)
④(高级表达)So many people were injured or died in the earthquake, ________________________．(which引导非限制性定语从句)
What shocked all of us was that
which shocked all of us
suffer pain/defeat/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer from 遭受；患病
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered _____ blindness for lack of proper treatment.
②The old man is said to have gone through varieties of ___________(suffer) during the war.
[再写美]——句式升级
③(普通表达)He hadn't suffered such a great loss in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life.
(高级表达)______________________________________________，he almost lost the hope for life.(分词作状语)　
from
sufferings
Not having suffered such a great loss in his life
[名师点津] 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：
(1)provide sb. with sth.＝provide sth. for sb.
(2)offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①(2021·全国卷乙)For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data _________(supply) by the World Atlas list so far.
②The natural resources, such as coal and oil, are ___ short supply in this country.
supplied
in
(1)be in power 掌权，执政(表示状态)
come to/into power 上台，执政(表示动作)
within one's power 在某人的能力/权力范围之内
out of/beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
(2)do everything in one's power 竭尽全力
=try one’s best=spare no efforts to do
have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
=have the ability to do sth.
[再写美]——一句多译
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)我决定我将尽一切努力做一名合格的志愿者。
③I have decided that I _______________________________ to work as a qualified volunteer.(power)
④I have made up my mind that I ____________________________
________ work as a qualified volunteer.(effort)
will do everything in my power
will make an effort to/spare no
effort to
take effect 生效；见效
come into effect 生效
have an effect/influence/impact on/upon... 对……产生影响
put...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
[先练会]——单句语法填空
①The recommendations will soon be put _____ effect to deal with the present situation.
②She smiled calmly when she learnt that __________(effect) measures had been taken to deal with the emergency.
[再写美]——微写作
③李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, ________________________________________________．(非限制性定语从句)
into
effective
which have a great effect/influence/impact on Chinese culture