2023年中考英语专题复习之定语从句课件(共36张PPT，内嵌视频)

(共36张PPT)
定 语 从 句
Attributive clause
Please watch the video and pay attention to the lyrics in it.
I'm the one whose feeling lost right now.
Appreciate the lyrics
You’re the one who set it up .
I wonder where they are.
She is the one that you never forget.
She must be the reason why God made a girl.
定语从句
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的译为“.....的”相当于形容词的作用。可以作定语的词有：名词、代词、形容词、数词、介词短语等。
This is a beautiful flower.
（形容词作定语, 前置）
This is a flower in the garden.
（介词短语作定语, 后置）
认识定语
Her father is a professional gardener.
I will have an art class this Friday night.
（代词作定语, 前置）
（名词作定语, 前置）
修饰flower
修饰flower
修饰father
修饰night
认识定语从句
The girl is my sister.
The girl ( who is standing by the door) is my sister.
定语从句
The book is funny.
The book ( that was written by Bob) is funny.
定语从句
修饰the girl
修饰the book
定语从句又称形容词性从句、关系从句,包含限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
在复合句中修饰名词或代词起定语作用。
结构： 主句 + 先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
which, that, who, whom, whose 等
where, why, when
在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语
在定语从句中作状语
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系代词\关系副词：引导定语从句的词。
认识定语从句
The woman who looks beautiful is an English teacher.
先行词
定语从句：放于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句
关系词
1. 连接两个句子构成一个复合句
2.代替先行词的意思
3.在从句中充当成分
后
The woman
who looks beautiful
who
修饰woman
关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分
关系 代词 that
which
who
whom
whose
关系 副词 when
where
why
定语从句中的关系词及其用法
人或物
物或句子
人的/物的
人
人
时间
地点
原因
主语 、宾语
宾语
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
主语、宾语、
主语、宾语
定语
There is a beautiful girl whose name is Xiaowei.
Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moment.
有一个美丽的小女孩，她的名字叫做小薇。
愤怒如同一个窃贼，盗取了我们的幸福时光
Translate the following English into Chinese.
You who are my little apple are just like the most beautiful cloud in the sky.
The film “Titanic” is one of the films that I like best.
你是我的小呀小苹果儿， 就像天边最美的云朵
泰坦尼克号是我最喜欢的电影之一
Translate the following English into Chinese.
Fill in the blanks with that/which/who/whom/whose.
1.Titanic is the film _________ tells us a beautiful love story.
2.The girl _________ often plays with me is very beautiful.
3.He watched a film ________ name is Titanic.
4.Jack is the man __________ Rose have been waiting for.
总 结：
主语
宾语
定语
who/which/that
whom/which/that
whose
which/that
who/that
whose
(whom)/(that)
物
人
物的
人
who作宾语，实际是取代whom的用法
1）who, whom的用法
1. who在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语在限制性可省，非限制性从句中不能省略。
2. whom在句中作宾语, 限制性从句可省, 非限制性从句中不能省略
The boy who likes red is Bob. (作______,不可省）
I like the girl who you are talking to.
(作_______，可用whom/that替换或者省略)
主语
宾语
I met the teacher whom I got to know yesterday.
(作______,可省)
宾语
I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. (_______后面不可省）
介词
总结：关系代词whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，常由“介词 + whom”引出，此时whom不能省略,也不能用who代替
关系代词
定语从句的主语
whose 在定语从句中充当定语，修饰father
先行词是人
关系代词：whose，既可指人，也可指物;在定语从句中充当定语
The doctor ( ____ father works in the factory) is my best friend.
I like the room ( _____ window faces south).
whose
whose
= of whom
= of which
whose = of+which/whom
定语从句的谓语
先行词是物
whose 在定语从句中充当定语，修饰window
定语从句的主语
定语从句的谓语
2）who, whom的用法
Fill in the blanks with which or that.
1. The food __________tastes delicious is not always healthy.
2. She wants to learn everything ____ she doesn’t know。
3. There’s no difficulty _____ we can’t overcome.
4. She copied my homework again, _______ made me angry.
5. Which is the movie ______ you told me about
which
that
that
which
that
3）that和which的用法
限制性定语从句中，通常情况下that和which可以互换。that指人或物, which指物不指人 , 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换。他们都可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略，作主语不能省略。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.
(作______, 不可省)
The coat_______________I put on the desk is black.(作____ , _______ )
The room in ______ I live is very big.
= The room _______________ I live in is very big.
主语
宾语
可省略
注意：(先行词为物，在介词后面用which，且不可省略）
which
that/which/不填
that/which/不填
只用that
的情况
01
02
03
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
当形容词被the very, the only, the same, the last等极端程度词修饰时 　　
当先行词有anything, everything, nothing, something , few, all, none, little, some, every, any, no, much, each等不定代词时
只用that
的其他情况
04
05
06
当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 　
当在there be句型中，通常情况下用that
(1) Who is the man that standing there 　　
(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
She took photos of the people and the things that she was interested in.
There is a book that was written by Mo Yan on the desk.
解题口诀：不定程序which最多（多主语：人+物）
只用which
的情况
01
02
当关系代词前面有介词时
当先行词本身是that, those 时　
This is the room in which he lives.
What's that which was put in the box.
03
在非限制性定语从句中
04
She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
如果有两个定语从句，其中前一个关系代词用that, 后一个宜用which
This is the best film has been shown so far in the city. (先行词被____ 修饰）
The first thing we should do now is to find a local guide. （先行词被____ 修饰）
best
first
All the apples fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs. (先行词有 ___ )
There is not much _________ ought to be done right now. (先行词为________)
He did everything ___________ could help us. (先行词为____________)
that
that
much
everything
Who is the person is standing at the school gate （前有________）
Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.
（先行词_________________ ）
who
that
that
that
that
既有人又有物
that
all
Tokyo, ______ is the capital of Japan, sees great changes every day. （非限制定从）
which
The pen with ______ you are writing is Jeff ’s.（关系词前有 ）
which
介词
I don't like that he did. (先行词为______，避重复)
which
that
Let’s try
定从关系代词解题思路：
1. 找关系词前的先行词（名词或代词）
2. 划出整个定语从句
3. 找到定语从句中缺失的成分
4. 选择合适的关系代词
关系代词在从句中的谓语动词的变化
1. I like the singers who _____(play）different kinds of music.
2. I like the singer who _____ (play)
different kinds of music.
play
plays
当关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语动词形式要与先行词的单复数保持一致。
1. He still remembers the day he first came to
Beijing.
2. This is the museum I took photos last Sunday.
3. That was the reason she did the job.
用关系副词when/where/why或介词+关系代词填空。
when/on which
where/in which
why/for which
小结: 时间 when = in/at/on/during /…+ which
地点 where = at/in/on/…+ which
原因 Why= for+ which
(for the reason)
(in the village)
(on the day)
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1. when 指时间， 在从句中作时间状语，相当于 “介词+which”。
它的先行词通常为 time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment 等。
I will never forget the day when\on which I won the prize.
2. where 指地点， 在从句中作地点状语，相当于 “介词+which”，
它的先行词通常为place, village, house, room, building, town 等。
This is the village where\in which I stayed last year.
3. why 指地点，在从句中作原因状语，相当于 “for+which”，先行词通常为reason。
Tell me the reason why\for which she was late.
定从关系副词解题思路：
1. 找关系词前的先行词 (先行词为表达地点、原因、方式、时间等的名词）
2.划出整个定语从句
3.判定定语从句不缺主语或宾语，确定关系词在从句中充当状语
4.选择合适的关系副词
关系副词
I believe the reason that \ which he gave me is not very convincing.
I know the reason why \ for which he was late.
This is the factory that \ which I visited last year.
This is the factory where \ in which he worked.
I will never forget the day that \ which I spent on the farm.
I will never forget the day when \ on which I lived on the farm.
关系副词与关系代词引导的定语从句对比
the factory 做状语, 用关系副词
the day 做状语,用关系副词
the reason作状语，用关系副词
the day做spent 的宾语, 用关系代词
the factory 做visit的宾语, 用关系代词
the reason做宾语，用关系代词
合二为一
Use the attributive clause to join the two simple sentences.
1
He likes reading.
Tom is a hard-working student.
Come on
|
2
Tom is a hard-working student who\that likes reading.
His skin is black.
Kobe is a famous basketball star.
Come on
Kobe is a famous basketball player whose skin is black.
1
|
2
I have ever seen it .
Zootopia is an interesting movie.
Come on
Zootopia is an interesting movie （that/which) I have ever seen.
1
|
2
Come on
Yuan Longping was born.
This is the town.
This is the town where（in which）Yuan Longping was born.
定语从句解题思路
确定关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分？
如果是主语、宾语、表语、定语, 就用关系代词
1、找出先行词, 判断指人指物。
2、选择合适的关系代词。
如果是状语，就用关系副词
1、找出先行词判断指时间，地点，还是原因。
2、选择合适的关系副词。
中考链接
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.There is nothing _________ I can do.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
2.Do you know the man _________ is wearing glasses
A. who B. which C. what D. where
3.The boy _________ is playing football is my brother.
A. which B. who C. what D. where
4.I'll never forget the day _________ I first met her.
A. what B. who C. which D. when
5.I can't find the book _________ my mother bought for me
A. who B. when C. which D. what
6.The film ________I saw yesterday was very interesting.
A. who B. when C. what D. that
7.Is there anything _________ I can help you
A. that B. which C. who D. what
8.All ____ is needed is a few hands to help with the work.
A. what B. that C. which D. things
9.Is this the factory _________you wish to visit
A. that B. where C. when D. what
10. He is the very one of the students____ good at English.
A. who does B. that is C. whom do D. which are
11. The second book ___ I want to read is Traveis in China
by Rewi Alley.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
12. He is the same teacher ___ spoke at the meeting on the
opening ceremony.
A. as B. whom C. that D. who
13. The days ___ I spent in the countryside in my childhood was
the happiest time ___ I had ever had in my life.
A. when/when B. when/that C. that /which D. that/that
14. My necklace is not the only thing ________is missing.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
1. She told students about the place which he had visited.
2. France is a country which is famous for the Eiffel Tower.
3. America is the country where she spent the best part of her life.
4. The days which they spent together cannot be easily forgotten.
5. The tree stands at the place where the two roads meet.
Testing
6. We shall visit the school where his father teaches there.
7. She knows the reason why he looks so worried.
8. She left me the book, which is very useful for me.
9. This is the room where food is kept.
10. August 1, 1949 is the day which we’ll never forget.
Testing
谢谢
Thank you!