课件31张PPT。GrammarDefining and Non-defining
Relative Clauses高一年级组 林建波 Objectives
By the end of this period, you will be able to:
● discover the differences between defining and non-defining relative clauses as well as their rules.
● write a short passage, using defining and non-defining relative clauses. Read the text and find out as many relative clauses as you can.1) … he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. （Line 2）
2) He was impressed by Beijing and the emperor’s palace, especially the Summer Palace which he described as“The greatest palace that ever was…” （Line 13）
3) There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time . （Line16）
4) Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. （Line 27）
5) The prisoner then wrote a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best selling books in Europe.（Line 30）
6) “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told half of what I saw!” （Line 35） Find out the word(s) that the clause refers to in each sentence.1) … he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. （Line 2）
2) He was impressed by Beijing and the emperor’s palace, especially the Summer Palace which he described as“The greatest palace that ever was…” （Line 13）
3) There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time . （Line16）
4) Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. （Line 27）
5) The prisoner then wrote a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best selling books in Europe.（Line 30）
6) “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told half of what I saw!” （Line 35）his fatherthe Summer Palaceinventions and developmentsanother prisonerThe Descriptionof the World,“Was it all true?”, Observe the two groups of sentences carefully. Can you find the difference between them in forms? 2) He was impressed by Beijing and the emperor’s palace, especially the Summer Palace which he described as “The greatest palace that ever was…”
3) There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time.
4) Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China.
1) … he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.
5) The prisoner then wrote a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best selling books in Europe.
6) “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told half of what I saw!”
There is a comma before the clause.
No comma before the clause.
SUMMARY-1外在表现形式不同Differences between defining and non-defining relative clauses:no comma before the clauseThere is a comma before the clause对比2. Professor Wang has a son, who works in
Beijing. 1. Professor Wang has a son who works in Beijing.王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。 王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。第一组
The old man has a son, who is in the army.
The old man has a son who is in the army.
第二组
My younger brother who is 18 years old is a college student.
My younger brother, who is 18 years old, is a college student.第一组
The old man has a son, who is in the army.
The old man has a son who is in the army.第一组：
A非限制性定语从句，
对先行词的补充说明。
这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。
（隐含的意义：只有一个儿子）B限制性定语从句，
对先行词进行限定、修饰。
这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。
（隐含的意思：也许还有其他的儿子，在干别的工作）第二组
My younger brother who is 18 years old is a college student.
My younger brother, who is 18 years old, is a college student.
第二组：
A限制性定语从句
我18岁的那个弟弟是大学生。
明确是18岁的那个弟弟，而不是其他的，即有可能还有几个弟弟）。B非限制性定语从句
我弟弟是大学生，今年18岁。
只有这一个弟弟 1.I have a sister who works in a hospital. 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。（不只一位姐姐）2. I have a sister , who works in a hospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）3. He has a brother, who lives in Beijing
他有一个哥哥,住在北京. （只有一位哥哥）More examples:4. He has a brother who lives in Beijing.他有一个住在北京的哥哥（不只一位哥哥） Which of the clauses give:
● information to identify the persons/objects?
● extra information about a person or a thing,
which can be left out? 1) … he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese. （Line 2）
2) He was impressed by Beijing and the emperor’s palace, especially the Summer Palace which he described as “The greatest palace that ever was…” （Line 13）
3) There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time . （Line16）
4) Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. （Line 27）
5) The prisoner then wrote a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best selling books in Europe.（Line 30）
6) “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told half of what I saw!” （Line 35）2 3 4
1 5 6 限制性定语从句: 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整.
而非限制性定语从句: 对先行词进行补充说明,关系不是十分紧密,省去对主句没有多大影响.
Non-restrictive attributive clause: A clause that adds extra information to the man clause of a sentence.SUMMARY-2在句中作用不同 PRACTICEDefining or non-defining ?Pair work: Please finish Ex.6 on Page27 with your partner.There hasn’t been any news about him since he left home, which upsets me.
自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息，这使我很不安。在这里，which 引导的从句，代表前面的整个主句。此时，不能放在主句之前观察运用非限制性定语从句的情况①当关系词指代整个主句内容时The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much.
小男孩离家一个星期了，这使他的父母很担心
The book is very touching, as most readers say.
正如大多数读者所说的， 这本书很感人。Taiwan belongs to China，as everybody knows.
=As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China.
众所周知，台湾属于中国。总结：as，which 引导定语从句时
相似点
都可以指代一句话，即先行词为一个句子
区别：
1. as 引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，which只能放主句后
2. as意为“正如”，which无意义as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
① 当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；
反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
② 当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which
引导。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife
doesn’t like at all.1. 从句与主句的关系相对松散，从句用于补充主句的内容和信息，
2. 去掉从句不影响句意的完整。修饰先行词或整个句子1.主句，从句之间多用逗号隔开
2. 关系词不可以省略
3.不能用that引导
4.翻译时先译主句再译从句
修饰先行词1.没有停顿，主句与从句之间不用逗号
2.关系词若作从句的宾语，可省略.
3.可用that 引导
4.翻译时先翻译从句在翻译主句
1. 从句与主句关系紧凑，从句对先行词起修饰限定作用
2. 缺少从句会影响句意的完整。 PRACTICEDefining or non-defining ?Pair work: Please finish Ex.7 on Page27 with your partner. PRACTICECan you use non-defining clauses?Pair work: Please complete the following four sentences with your partner. Try to use non-defining clauses.J. k. Rowling is a famous English author, J. k. Rowling is a famous English author, English has become the world’s international language, English has become the world’s international language, The Long March ended in Yan’an,The Long March ended in Yan’an,The 2008 Olympics was successfully held in Beijing, The 2008 Olympics was successfully held in Beijing, LANGUAGE IN USE Have you ever taken an adventure? If so, write a short passage about it. If you’ve never taken any adventure, please write about one that you have read or heard about.
Don’t forget to use relative clauses in your passage. ?用定语从句挑战高考原题①（浙江2005）Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
②（浙江2005）______ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
③（浙江2006）I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichACB④（浙江2007）Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
⑤（浙江2008）Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
⑥（浙江2009）The young man we’ve just talked to is a traveler ______ parents visited us last year.
A. that B. whose C. whom D. whichBBD1) Polish your passage.
2) Learn Grammar Summary 4 on P93.
3) Finish Exx.3&6 on P70-71.
HOMEWORKThank you !Unit8 复习
复习一 话题复习8单元 Holiday tour, extreme sports and journey to some pace
复习二 词汇复习
5级词汇：wild tiring differ risk excitement dull traveller jog goods amaze professor hunter skin goal hopeless cheerful shock sadness patience aim
4级词汇：adventure desert hike major extra origanisation uncomfortable porter luggage footprint anxious extreme exactly flow preference emperor court fuel wealthy author quantity confuse author dictation statement preparation ambition distant within fun_ction nationality limit
3级词汇：presenter raft optional route accommodation altitute various gymnastics equipment similarity limit
2级词汇：Norwegian shelter transport
1级词汇： canoe snowboarding philosophy
8级要求掌握的词汇：exhausted hostel safari Arctic
词组
extreme sports, a journey to the Antarctic, take off, be fit, differ from, have similarities with , take up, be into sth., be keen on, turn up, back out, go through with, get across, be impressed by, in turn, be amazed by, be confused by, break out, stand by, as a result, in preparation for, break down, have serious difficulties with, run out of…, at one time, have great difficulty doing sth., carry on, well trained staff, be home to…, have a huge influence on…, overcome inner fears, in the distance
Unit 8词汇及词组复习练习
一. 根据首字母及中文意思填空
Health care is one of the __________ (较重要的) problems of our time.
The field is full of __________ (野生的) flowers.
He found riding as __________ (疲倦的) as walking.
The price for the holiday includes flights and _______________ (食宿).
I asked for an __________ (额外的) two weeks to finish the job.
They had left the __________ (行李) at the station.
We saw a ship far away on the __________ (地平线).
The lamp will give you the ______ (最大限量) of light.
He was ________ (担心的) for the safety of his money.
A flight in an aeroplane used to be quite an __________ (冒险的经历).
11.Many goys and girls are good at __________ (体操).
12.Are you prepared to __________ (冒险) traveling without an armed guard?
13.There are __________ (各种各样的) ways to answer your question.
14.He was a __________ (迟钝的) man and you had to explain things very carefully and slowly to him.
15.A lot of money was spent on the __________ (设备) of the hospital.
16.I used to __________ (慢跑) every morning when I was young.
17.A river __________ (流动) through the centre of our town.
18.A lot of pupils are fond of __________ (单板滑雪).
19.A __________ (货物) grain carries all kinds of things, but no passengers.
20.this is a question of __________ (数量), not quality.
21.My uncle is an old __________ (教授), who works in a famous university of our country.
22.Women like to have white and soft __________ (皮肤).
23.Do you remember the __________ (作者) of this book?
24.Horses were the only means of __________ (运输) in the old times.
25.He is a man who __________ (观察) keenly but says very little.
26.His __________ (目标) is to be a doctor.
27.The Red Cross turned the school into a __________ (庇护所) for victims of the earthquake.
28.Emma studies __________ (哲学) at university.
29.Kang Xi is one of the __________ (皇帝) in ancient China.
30.The prisoner was brought to the __________ (法庭) for trial.
31.It __________ (使惊讶) me to hear that you were leaving.
32.Wood, coal, oil, and gas are different kinds of ______ (燃料).
33.People might be easily __________ (使困惑) by the two products.
答案：major；wild；tiring；accommodation；extra；luggage；horizon
Maximum；anxious；adventure；gymnastics；risk；various；dull；equipment；jog；flows；snowboarding；goods；quantity；professor；
Skin；author /writer；transport；observes；goal；shelter；philosophy；
emperors；court；amazed；fuel；confused
二. 用所给单词的正确形式填空：
Zhu Jun is a famous __________ (present) of CCTV.
China joined the World Trade __________ (organize) a few years ago.
This sofa is __________ (comfortable) to sit on, because its leather is too hard.
You don’t have to have this radio in your new car; it’s an __________ (option) extra.
5.There is not much __________ (similar) between the two brothers.
6. I can’t remember __________ (exact) what he said at yesterday’s meeting.
7. The children were full of __________ (excite) at the thought of visiting Disneyland.
8. We are all __________ (extreme) fond of her.
9. Many elderly people expressed a strong __________ (prefer) to live in their own homes.
10.The man only __________ (hunter), while the women did everything else in the old times.
11.He has a lot of money and is now very __________ (wealth).
12.She is __________ (dictation) a letter to her secretary right now.
13.The Prime Minister is to make a __________ (state) to the public tomorrow.
14.The train __________ (travel) arrived in Beijing earlier than those on the bus.
15.Plans for selling the new products are now in __________ (prepare).
16.You need __________ (patient) when you are heaving your teeth filled.
17.We tried to stop the fire from spreading, but we knew it was __________ (hope).
18.Now he was dead, and I could not get away from my __________ (sad).
19.A lot of small companies are fighting for __________ (survive).
答案：
presenter；Organization；uncomfortable；optional；similarity；exactly；excitement；extremely；preference；hunted；wealthy；dictating；statement；travellers；preparation；patience；hopeless；sadness；survival
三. 用所给短语填空 ;
1）take dictation, break out, stand by, in turn, pay for, be amazed by, be impressed by
The students answer the teacher’s questions __________.
A fire __________ in the centre of the big market last night.
How much did you __________ the book?
I _______________ his letter which said his father died last week.
No matter what happens, I’ll __________ you, so don’t be afraid.
I _______________ her beauty and kindness.
Some girls in offices are trained to __________.
答案：
in turn；broke out；pay for；was amazed by；stand by ；was impressed by；take dictation；
2）break down, run out of, get away from, teams of；on one’s way, be covered by, prepare for, at once time
We are sorry to arrive late, but the car __________ on the road.
It is said that __________ my grandfather lived in this house.
We have __________ time, so we must end the meeting.
The whole class is working hard __________ the exams.
You mustn't’t forget to call in at Vecchia’s __________ home.
The prisoner had little difficulty in _______________ the police.
The mountain ____________ snow all the year round.
答案：
broke down；at one time；run out of；preparing for；on your way；getting away from；is covered by
3）take off, as well as, think about, on the horizon, be fit for
They own a house in France __________ a villa in Spain.
I had never __________ becoming an actor.
The manager _____ not _____ his position.
A helicopter is able to __________ and land straight up or down.
A ship appeared __________.
答案：as well as；thought about；is fit for；take off；on the horizon
4）turn up, in order to,go through with, back out, take up, upside down, get across, be keen on, set up, put on
When Li Ping left school he __________ journalism.
The government has __________ many hospitals for the poor.
Once you’ve given your words, don’t try to __________.
He _______________ his plan although all his friends advised him to give it up
Tom __________ late as usual for the meeting.
We picked apples __________ make a pie.
The plate was lying __________ on the floor.
He had __________ his best clothes for this morning call.
He __________ buying a car, but we talked him into it.
10.He was unable to __________ to the group what he meant.
答案：took up；set up；back out；went through with；turned up；
in order to; upside down; put on; wasn’t keen on; get across
四 . 用所给的短语翻译下列句子 ：
杰克在很多方面和他的弟弟不同。(differ from)
2. 我们需要现在就处理这个问题。(right now)
3. 这件事对于你，对于我都是很重要的。(as well as)
4. 在昨天的交通事故中，至少有80人受伤，包括5名警察。 (including)
5.那位老人在60岁的时候开始学习俄语。(take up)
6.他答应帮助我学习英语的，但是当他发觉我英语很差时，他就打退堂鼓了。(back out)
7. 在这个地区，有很多小城镇值得参观。(be worth doing)
8. 在办公室工作时，我无法忍受别人在我周围吸烟。(can’t stand)
9. 他紧张得答不上来。(too…to…)
10. 在过去，意大利人喜欢与中国人做生意。(do trade with)
11. 他们经常被领导所说的话弄糊涂。(be confused by)
12.那个女孩在解物理习题方面有很大困难. (have difficulty in doing sth.)
13. 这些印刷机器老是出毛病。（break down）
14,他将把他的计划继续进行下去。（carry on）
15. 他本次考试英语没有及格。 (fail to do sth.)
答案：
1.Jack differs from his brother in many ways.
2.We need to deal with this problem right now.
3. It is important for you as well as for me.
4. At least 80 persons were injured, including 5 policemen in yesterday’s traffic accident.
5.At the age of 60, the old man took up the study of Russian.
6.He had promised to help me with my English, but he backed out when he found my English was too poor.
7.A lot of small towns in the area are worth visiting.
8.I can’t stand others smoking around me when I’m working in the office.
9.He was too nervous to reply.
10. In the past, Italians would like to do trade with the Chinese.
11. They were often confused by what their leader said.
12. The girl has much difficulty working out physics problems.
13. These printing machines are always breaking down.
14. He will carry on with his plan.
15. He failed to pass this English exam.
Unit 8英译汉
序号
英文
英译汉
序号
英文
英译汉
序号
英文
英译汉
Warm- up
12
various
6
break down
1
adventure
13
flow
7
shock
3
Canoe
14
dull
8
goal
5
hike
15
preference
9
ambition
6
Take off
16
turn up
10
exhausted
7
presenter
17
back out
11
run out of
8
wild
18
get across
12
hopeless
9
tiring
19
jog
13
cheerful
Lesson 1
Lesson 3
14
distant
1
Raft
1
traveller
15
carry on
2
white-water rafting
2
emperor
16
within
3
extra
3
court
17
sadness
4
optional
4
In turn
18
fun_ction
5
horizon
5
amaze
19
patience
6
organisation
6
goods
20
nationality
7
uncomfortable
7
confuse
21
aim
8
maximum
8
fuel
Communication workshop
9
altitude
9
wealthy
1
Arctic
10
Right now
10
break out
2
transport
11
differ
11
put into prison
3
observe
12
footprint
12
author
4
disadvantage
13
anxious
13
dictation
5
staff
Lesson 2
14
stand by
6
survival
1
extreme
15
statement
7
shelter
2
bungee jumping
16
quantity
8
philosophy
3
snowboarding
17
professor
9
limit
4
snowrafting
18
hunter
5
In order to
19
skin
6
gymnastics
Lesson 4
7
similarity
1
The Antarctic
8
Upside down
2
on one’s way
9
exactly
3
Norwegian
10
risk
4
preparation
11
excitement
5
sledge
复习三 重点句 unit 8 ：
I’ve always loved wild animals and I’d love to see them in their natural environment.
The amazing Mount Qomolangma is on the horizon.
While you are having a hot cup of tea, you relax and watch the sun go down.
A lot of hiking holidays sound exciting, but the reality is often very different.
All our guides have several years of experience in leading hiking trips in the Himalayas.
As well as the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters.
While on a hiking trip, our cooks prepare delicious meals and our porters carry your luggage, which means that you can simply enjoy the experience.
Right now, I am working for a group of Austrian hikers who have all been here before.
I decided to take up bungee jumping and now I am really into it.
When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.
It’s difficult to get across how exciting it is!
A friend of mine has just taken up jogging in order to get fit.
They were going to have a party last Saturday but backed out at the last minute.
When he was 17 years old, he traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.
Marco was amazed by how beautiful and powerful China was.
He was very impressed by the Summer Palace which he described as the greatest palace that ever was.
Marco was often asked the question, “Was it all true?”, to which he replied, “I have only told a half of what I was!”
The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.
Although many people thought that Marco’s stories about China were too fantastic to be true, Marco always stood by his tales.
On his way to the Antarctic, Captain Scott received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen: “I’m going South.” So the race to the South Pole was on.
He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.
The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.
These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.
We offer you the chance to have a real-life adventure on a remote island away from the noise and crowds of the city.
For centuries, the Silk Road was the most important line of communication connecting East and West.
The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China.
The Silk Road was not just the route through which goods were carried. It was also important for the exchange of ideas.
28. Hiking trips can be uncomfortable and even dangerous.
29. He couldn’t understand how people could pay for food and valuable things with paper!
课件39张PPT。 Unit 8 Adventure
Marco PoloLesson 3 Unit 8 Adventure 许欣I. Find the following phrases in the text:
和… 做生意
2. 对…印象深刻
3. 反过来
4. （战争，疾病等）突然爆发
5. 被关进监狱
6. 听写，记录
7. 坚持某种说法
8. 派某人去做某事do trade with
2. be impressed by
3. in turn
4. break out
5. be put into prison
6. take dictation
7. stand by
8. send sb. to do II. Read the passage and answer the questions:
1. Why was the Emperor impressed by Marco?
2. What did the Emperor ask Marco to do?
3. He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel. What were the black stones?
4. Why was Marco surprised to see people using paper money?
5. Why was he put into prison when he went back to Italy?
6. What did Marco do when many westerners thought that his story were too fantastic to be true?
China was ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor, Kublai khanWhy was the Emperor impressed by Marco?
Questions and answers:The ruler of a countryMarco was very clever and could already speak four languages. 2. What did the Emperor ask Marco to do?Questions and answers:He asked Marco to serve in his court . The place where the Emperor lives and works.3) He was also confused by the black stones
people used to burn for fuel. What were the
black stones?anything that can be burned to make heat or powerQuestions and answers:He could not understand …puzzledThe black stones were coal.
4) Why was Marco surprised to see people using paper money?
Because in Europe people paid for goods with gold or silver. Questions and answers:goods
5) Why was he put into prison when he went back to Italy?
Because a local war broke out, and during the war he was caught by the enemy. (esp. sth bad) began suddenly e.g. The First World War broke out in 1914. Questions and answers:6. What did Marco do when many westerners thought that his story were too fantastic to be true?
He always stood by his tales.
Questions and answers:Keep saying that something is trueJust before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question,” Was it all true?” to which he replied, “ I have only told a half of what I saw!”What is the clue of the story about Marco Polo?Time
According to the time clue, how many parts can we divide the passage into?
Structure of the passagePart One:Part Two: Part Three: Basic information of Marco Polo______ he got to ChinaAfter he got to China_____ he left ChinaBeforeAfterTime ClueTo tell a story of a traveller, what information should be included? Name: Marco Polo
Before he got to ChinaBasic informationAfter he got to ChinaAfter he left ChinaHis feelings about what he _____Outline of the passage
travelled across__________
to_________with the Chinese
was amazed by_____________
was impressed by__________
was surprised to see________
was confused by___________
served in_________________
returned to_______ and became__________
was caught and _____________
told all his stories to ___________________ ____________________was born in______ in_________What he ____ Complete the table with proper information according to the passage.Marco Polo and His Travels (Part One)
Name: Marco Polo
was born in ____ in _____
travelled across ______________
to ________ with the Chinese
Before he got to ChinaBasic informationItaly1254do tradeEurope and Asia was amazed by __________
________________________
was impressed by________
________________________
was surprised to see______
________________________
was confused by_________
________________________
served in ________________
After he got to ChinaHis feelings about what he ____ how beautiful and powerful China wasMarco Polo and His Travels (Part Two)What he ___ Beijing and the emperor’s palace, esp. … Chinese people using paper money the black stones people used as fuelthe emperor’s courtsawdid
returned to_____and became
___________________
was caught and _______________
told all his stories to_____________
_____________
After he left ChinaMarco Polo and His Travels (Part Three)Italythe captain of a warshipput into prisonanother prisoner who was an author … Marco Polo and His Travels (Part One)
Name: Marco Polo
___________ ___
______________
to do trade with ____________
Before he got to ChinaBasic informationItaly1254Europe and Asiawas bornthe Chineseinintravelled across __________
________________________
_ ________
________________________
_______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
_________ __________________ After he got to China______________ how beautiful and powerful China wasMarco Polo and His Travels (Part Two)_______________ Beijing and the emperor’s palace, esp. … Chinese people ______ paper money the black stones people used as fuel the emperor’s courtwas amazed by was impressed by was surprised to see usingwas confused by served inHis feelings about what he ____sawWhat he ___did
_________ and ________
__________ and put into prison
__________________
After he left ChinaMarco Polo and His Travels (Part Three)Italythe captain of a warshipanother prisoner who was an author … returned tobecamewas caughttold all his stories to
Group Work: Chain Story Telling Work in groups to practice telling the story about Marco Polo. Take turns to speak. Each student speaks at least two sentences at a time.Student 5Student 4Assessment of Story TellingDiscussion1) As a great traveller, what qualities did Marco Polo have?
2) What were the contributions he made to human beings? “I believe that we should come back, so that men might know the things that are in the world, since no other man has explored so much of the world as Marco Polo, son of Niccolo Polo, great and noble citizen of the city of Venice.”Marco Polo's best contribution is best said with his own words in his own book:对 ... 印象深刻；为…所打动
我被他的故事深深打动了
I was very impressed by his story. The Emperor was impressed by him and
they became friends.Language points sth. / sb. impress sb.
给……留下深刻的印象
她给我留下了一个学者的印象
She impressed me as a scholar.
. in turn (s) 依次；轮流；反之
学生每天轮流打扫教室
The students clean the classroom every day in turn. 2. Marco, in turn, was impressed by how beautiful and powerful China was.break out (战争、争吵、疾病等) 爆发
争执在他们之间爆发了
A quarrel broke out between them.3. Not long after hid return, a local war
broke out.break up 破碎，破坏，解散，结束，衰弱
break through 突破，突围
break away 消散，拆毁，脱开，离开，逃脱
break into 闯入
break in 闯入，打断1. They decided to break up the partnership.
2. The enemy is trying to break through.
3. The robber broke into the house and killed the hosts.
4. Never break in any conversation when others are talking. It’s really impolite.
5. Seeing the cat, the mouse broke away.
________ _________ ______________ ________ ____________take place, happen, occur, come about,
break out用法辨析 这些词或短语都有“发生”的意思，都不可以用于被动语态，但用法各不相同，区别如下：
(1) take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：
Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.
The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing. take place通常指“（某事）按计划进行或按计划发生。”此外还有“举行”之意。例：
The meeting will take place next Friday.
The concert takes place next Thursday.( ) Three terrible car accidents ____ on this road by the end of last month
A. took place
B. were taken place
C. had taken place
D. had been taken placeC(2) happen 作“发生、碰巧”解，常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。例：
A storm happened across the river in another country.
What happened to you? (一般不说：What did you happen?) .
It happened that I had no money on me. (3) occur 作“发生、想到、突然想起”解，其意义相当于 happen。例：
What has occurred? (= What has happened?)
A big earthquake occurred (= happened) in the south of China last month.
It occurred to me that she didn't know I had moved into the new house.
温馨提示：Sth. occur to sb./ it occur to sb. that…“某人突然想起…”(4) come about 表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。例：
I'll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.
Do you know how the air accident came about?
温馨提示：How did it come about that….?/ How come?“某事情是这样发生的，怎么会发生…样的事情？”(5) break out 意思为“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。例：
A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night.
She broke out, “That is too unfair!” stand by 忠于; 坚守; 坚持；袖手旁观4. …, Marco always stood by his tales.stand for 代表，支持，象征，容忍
stand out 突出，脱颖而出 离岸;坚持
stand up 起立，（论点、论据等）站得住脚的，经久耐用 1. What do the letters UN stand for?
2. His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
3. This cloth is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear. 4. Your argument just won't stand up 5. I'll stand by you whatever happens.
6. How can you stand by and let him treat his dog like that?
stand by， stand for stand out stand up ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________Write a short passage about Marco Polo or another great traveller whom you admire, introducing his/her travels and evaluating him/her.
Review vocabulary in Lesson 3 and do Ex.4 on P26. and Ex.7 on P71. Homework thanks !Unit8 基础词汇
5级
4级
3级
2级
major
wild
desert
adventure
maximum
extra
anxious
uncomfortable
court
organization
extreme
porter
within
exactly
traveller
accommodation
staff
risk
quantity
differ
tiring
various
hunter
excitement
flow
preparation
dull
take off
equipment
ambition
preference
right now
goods
observe
emperor
in order to
fuel
survival
amaze
upside down
author
shelter
confuse
turn up
statement
presenter?
wealth
back out
professor
raft
hopeless
get across
skin
optional
cheerful
in turn
shock
route
distant
break out
goal
similarity
patience
put into prison
sadness
nationality
stand by
fun_ction
disadvantage
on one’s way
aim
1级
run out of
transport
canoe
④dictation
carry on
limit
snowboarding
④exactly
footprint
philosophy
④flow
操练巩固
一、连线搭配
extreme
gas
go through
progress
make
sports
take up
quantities
extra
offers
in huge
a job
run out of
a very difficult time
二、词类转换 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. They planned to __________ a scientific expedition. (organization)
2. We waited for news with a growing sense of __________.(anxious)
3. I sympathize with you; I've had a _________ unhappy experience myself.
(similarity)
4. The news caused great _____________. (excite)
5. The child was __________________ in his tight boots. (comfort)
6. It won't make much __________ whether you go today or tomorrow. (comfort)
7. Although my uncle is old, he looks very strong and _______. (health)
8. His rudeness was beyond my _______. (patient)
9. In the jungle, they were driven to extremes in order to _______.(survival)
10. I am of Chinese __________. （nation）
1.organize 2.anxiety 3.smislar 4.excitement 5.uncomfortable
6.difference 7.healthy 8.patience 9.survive 10.nationality
三，根据语境和汉语提示，写出相应的词汇
1. When the sun was rising from the （地平线）, the group of children
went camping.
2. A lot of new （设备）will be brought in so that the production can be
greatly improved.
3. You ought to educate your pupils with great （耐心）.
4. The news that the plane the President was taking crashed into the forest
(令震惊)the whole world.
5. Food is till a (主要的，重要的) problem for most Africans,
especially those in the African corner.
6. the poor man later became very (富有的) by doing business with
Europeans.
7. We don’t know (准确地) how far the lonely island is away
from land.
8. The sky in the east began to become bright and soon the shining red sun went up from the __________(地平线)
9. At the conference, they discussed （各种） important problems about the environmental pollution.
10. What she said quite (区别) from what we had tried to find out, so I think she lied to us.
11.These kinds of birds usually live on the mounts with high (高度), for there are few hunters for them.
12. In the Olympics, Chinese athletes made surprising achievements and won many medals in (体操).
1. horizen 2. equipment 3. patience 4. shocked 5. major
6. wealthy 7. Exactly 8. horizon 9. various 10. differed
11. altitude 12. gymnastics
四、根据所给的语境和首字母，写出相应词汇
1. These green o took up many different campaigns to protect the environment all around the world.
2. When you become a about sleeplessness, you actually make the problem worse. You must relax yourself at night.
3. I don’t know e where tey will go camping next weekend, but they really have planned to go camping.
4. The newly-built cinema has the most advanced e that can show different types of films.
5. My grandfather used to tell us about his a as the captain of a famous
large warship during the war.
6. With a telescope, we can have a d view from the mount top.
7. The Westerners love a such as scientific exploration, doing extreme sports more than the Easterners.
8. The a of this famous mount is about 2,400 metres. It is the highest in this area.
9. ---What’s your a in the future?
---I would like to be an astronaut when I grow up.
10. The result c everyone in the village. None of them understood why the most intelligent boy failed in the entrance exam.
11. Scientists are closely o how the volcano changes and when it may erupt.
12. The study showed that average planes could fly at a m altitude of 75,000 feet.
1. organizations 2. anxious 3. exactly 4. equipment 5.adventures
6. distant 7 adventures 8.altitude 9.ambition 10.confused
10. observing 12. maximum
课件6张PPT。Unit 8-词汇复习你认识这些词吗？写出名词形式说出下列词的词性写出形容词形式按词性分类major flow
shelter observe
extreme quantity
fun_ction staff
local desertUnit8 词组及练习
一、翻译下列词块
extreme sports 极限运动
2. a round-thr-world trip 一次环球世界旅行
3. take off 起飞
4. white-water rafting 激流，漂流
5. on the horizon 在地平线上
6. be fit 保持健康
7. have a shower 沐浴
8. think about 考虑
9. right now 就在此刻
10. A differ from B A 不同于B
11. be anxious about 担心
12. bungee jumping 蹦极
13. upside down 颠倒地，倒置地
14. in order to 为了
15. be into 对...感兴趣：喜欢
16. turn up 出现，到场 从事
17. back out 决定不履行（允诺的事）
18. go through with 照承诺（计划）去做；将...进行到底
19. get across 是理解（谋事）
20. do trade with sb. 与某人做贸易
21. in turn 轮流
22. break out 突然发生，爆发
23. on one’s way 在途中
24. put sb into prison 关进监狱
25. stand by 坚持某种说法
26. leave out 省略
27. in huge/large quantities 大量地
28. be on 进行中
29. in preparation for 为...做准备
30. break down 损坏，不能运转
31. run out of 用完，耗尽
32. prefer to 宁愿
34. have difficulty in doing sth. 做谋事有困难35
33. at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度
35. agree on 决定；商定；达成共识
36. be home to.... ...的发源地；...的所在地；...的家园
37. make a fire 生火
38. take turns to do sth. 轮流/替换做某事
39. connect..with... 把...与...相连接/相联系
40. be associated with 把...与...联系起来
41. have an influence on/upon... 对...有影响
42. attach...to.. 把...系在...上；把...贴在...上
43. jump off 跳下；跳离
44. make great progress 取得飞快进步
45. carry on 继续,坚持
46. set up 建立， 架起
二、用所给的词组填空
take off; turn up; prefer to, get across; in return; differ from, run out of;
break down, as well as, to one’s amazement, be into, break out, set up，
stand by, a large quantity of, put into prison
1. They are oil and the plane has to land on the field.
2. First my car , then I lost my key. It never rains but it pours!
3. The plane an hour late.
4. I asked her opinion, but she just asked me a question .
5. Your meaning didn’t really .
6. He didn’t until half an hour later.
7. A fire last night, which killed many people.
8. money is spent saving the endangered animals by Chinese government.
9. I will always you whatever happens.
10. He for stealing something.
11. , Li Lei who always does well in English, failed this time.
12. Before bungee jumping, we need a lot of time to __________ the equipment.
13. At first, I didn’t like English at all, but now, I __________ it.
14. Can you tell me how the the life in your hometown __________ that of Beijing.
15. Rather than stay at home, I __________ spend my winter vacation abroad.
16. The parents, __________ the little boy, like the modern art very much.
1. running out of 2. broke down 3. took off 4. in return 5. get across
6. turn up 7. broke out 8. A large quantity of 9. stand by 10. was put into prison
11. to my amazement 12. set up 13. am into 14. differs from 15. Ppefer to
16. as well as
三、运用所给词组turn up, have difficulty doing, fail to do, back out, as well as, in order to, too…to…, be worth doing，表达以下短文：
我第一次参加英语演讲比赛时紧张得不知说什么。我无法集中思想，准备放弃。但是，老师的笑脸和观众的热烈掌声鼓励了我。我先整理思路，然后深呼吸以便保持冷静。虽然我没有得到名次，但我被授予一个特别勇气奖。这让我一时难以相信。这一天难道不值得庆祝吗？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I turned up for my first English speech contest, I was so nervous that I had great difficulty coming up with the words. I failed to concentrate and was about to back out. However, I was greatly encouraged by my teacher’s smiling face, as well as the audience’s warm applauses. First, I collected my thought and then I took a deep breath in order to stay calm. Although I was not the winner, I was awarded a special prize of courage, which I thought was too good to be true at that moment.
It was really worth celebrating, wasn’t it?
Unit 8 Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic
学案I
Scott’s Team
Amundsen’s Team
Before
the race
________ a message
_________ food bases
_________ spring
_sent____ a message
_________ food bases
_________ spring
During
the race
His two sledges________ .
The horses____________________ with snow and cold.
They____ the sledges themselves.
They were the first to_____ .
Teams of dogs_____ the sledges.
All his men______ on skis.
_________ rapid progress.
The race
result
?
?
学案II
What difficulties happened to Scott’s team during the return journey ?
1
being exhausted
2
3
4
5
6
……
Homework:
Please write the story of Journey to the Antarctic. (about 100 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
课件4张PPT。Awarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Superb Team”.
April 2, 2013
Awarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Superb Team”.
April 2, 2013
Awarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Cooperative Team”.
April 2, 2013
Awarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Cooperative Team”.
April 2, 2013
课件15张PPT。M3 Unit 8 Lesson 4
Journey to the Antarctic
( period 1)
Unit 8 Lesson 4 The Race to the PoleDragon team Tiger team RACE para. （1---4)Scott’s TeamAmundsen’s TeamThe raceHis two sledges____.
The horses _______ with snow and cold.
They____ the sledges themselves. 学案I_____ a message
______ food bases
______ spring_____ a message
______ food bases
______ springsent (para. 1 to 4）Scott’s TeamAmundsen’s TeamThe race_____ a message
______ food bases
______ springHis two sledges__________.
The horses ___________ with snow and cold.
They_______ the sledges themselves. _____ a message
_______ food bases
______ springorganized receivedwaited for sentorganized waited for broke downhad difficultiespushed leavepulledweremade (para. 1 to 4）Scott’s TeamAmundsen’s TeamThe race_____ a message
______ food bases
______ springHis two sledges__________.
The horses ___________ with snow and cold.
They________ the sledges themselves. _____ a message
______ food bases
______ springorganized receivedwaited for sentorganized waited for broke downhad difficultiespushed leavepulledweremade
Why did Scott’s Team lose the game?
against Amundsen’s Team What difficulties happened to Scott’s team during the return journey ?(Para 5 to 10) The race (Para 5 to end) against difficulties they met Tell your friends the story of Journey to the Antarctic.Story-telling: For example:
A: Before the race,…
B: During the race,…
C: The race result,…
D: The return journey,…
ABCDAwarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Superb Team”.
April 2, 2013
Awarding______ Team:
You are awarded “Cooperative Team”.
April 2, 2013
Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station
Why is the south pole station named “Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station ”? Homework: Please write a story of Journey to
the Antarctic.
(about 100words)课件42张PPT。 Lesson 2
Extreme Sports
Objectives■ To practise strategies for preparing to listen to a text.
■ To practise expressing preferences.
■ To practise using phrasal verbs.Do you often do sports?
What kinds of sports do you like?
Warm upDo you like extreme sports(极限运动)?
Do you know any extreme sports?
jumping off very high with a long special rope to pull you back without touching the groundbungee jumpingSky surfing jump out of an plane and use a board to ‘surf’.空中滑翔They sometimes do gymnastics in mid-air . gymnasticsdo gymnastics
going down snow-covered hills on a snowboard snowboarding单板滑雪SnowraftingSit in a rubber boat and sail down a mountain at great speed.动力雪橇滑降 White-water RaftingSit in a small inflatable (膨胀的)raft(救生艇) and go down a river at high speed.激流漂流Ice divingput on diving equipment and dive under a frozen lake. sometimes walking upside down.冰下潜水skiingRock climbingMotor racingcanoeingYong people like extreme sports such as bungee jumping, snowboarding and snowrafting because of their speed and excitement.
1.极度的，极端的 2. 单板滑雪
3. 动力雪橇滑降 4. 兴奋，激动（n. 名词)
2. Li Ning and Yang Wei are masters in gymnastics. ( 体操，体操训练 )
3. China and The USA have some similarities as well as differences. ( 相似性，类似性 )
4. In bungee jumping you have to fall upside down. (颠倒地，倒置地 )
5. Exactly speaking,the meeting will be held at 5:10. ( 确切地 )6. What makes people risk their lives to take up some extreme sports? (冒……的危险 )
7. There are various books in our school library.（不同的，各种各样的）
8. In whitewater rafting you sit in a small raft and flow down a river at great speed. Fast flowing mountain rivers are the best.(流动 vi. )
(流动的 adj.）
9. Diving is an expensive sport because you have buy some expensive diving equipments.（潜水装备；潜水设备）
10. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ( 迟钝的 )
The story is dull.(枯燥无味的)
Learn listening strategies
picture , title , question
preparationbefore listening2.predictionListen and choose the best answers. People do extreme sports in order to feel ___.
A. excited B. nervous C. happy
2. Extreme sports have become popular in the last ___.
A. 5 years B. 10 years C. 20 years
3. People usually bungee jump from ___.
A. airplanes B. high buildings C. bridgesABCListen and choose the best answers.4. In sky surfing people do mid-air ___.
A. gymnastics B. dancing
C. swimming
5. Snowboarding has similarities with ___.
A. skiing B. surfing C. canoeing
6. Snow rafting is ___.
A. quite dangerous B. very dangerous
C. not very dangerousABB7. For white-water rafting you need ____.
A. a big river B. a warm river
C. a mountain river
8. Ice divers _____.
A. swim under the ice
B. walk on the bottom of lakes
C. walk upside down under the iceCCListen and choose the best answers. Listen to two people talking about extreme sports, and complete the table.From the table can you guess what will be talked about in the conversation?bungee jumping
great, like
being a birdboring, dull
sky surfingsnowrafting
terrible
accidentsskiing/
snowboardingcoolsailingice divingsound crazycan’t stand
heights, terrifying2. Listen again. Complete the fun_ction file
with the following words.
quite like, like, love, prefer, can’t stand,
hate, wouldn’t like,
‘d quite like, ‘d love, ‘d prefer
1. I ______ bungee jumping.
2. I ___________ to try sky surfing.
3. I___________ to do snowrafting.
4. I ____ doing boring sports.
5. I ____________ to stay at home.
6. I_____ winter sports.
7. I ___ going skiing.
8. I ________snowboarding.
9. I _________ slow sports.
10.I ______________to go ice diving.
likewould lovewouldn’t likehatewould preferpreferlovequite likecan’t standwould quite like3. Divide the ten sentences into three groups.
4. I hate doing boring sports.
7. I love going skiing.
1.I like bungee jumping.
6. I prefer winter sports.
8. I quite like snowboarding.
9. I can’t stand slow sports.
2. I’d love to try sky surfing.
3. I wouldn’t like to do snowrafting.
5. I would prefer to stay at home.
10.I would quite like to go ice diving.
SpeakingWork in pairs and make up a dialogue about your preferences for sports. I like/ love/ prefer…,
I’d love to …, I’d quite like…I’d prefer ...
3) I hate…, I wouldn’t like…,
I can’t stand…, Example
A: What sort of extreme sports do you do?
B: I like/ love…
A: Really? Why?
B: …
A: What about other extreme sports?
B: I…, but … you know.
A: Right. Are there any sports you wouldn’t like to try?
B: Personally, I wouldn’t like / hate doing boring sports, like…. … Post –listening ( group work )
Discussion
Your class are discussing which extreme sport you are going to do on this Weekend.
Discuss in groups and show your own
opinions and the reasons. Your reporter will present your final decisions.
Your discussion must cover:
Your preferences in extreme sports.
The reasons why you’d like to to do this extreme sport.
Evaluation:
Whether the discussion covers
the above points.
Voice your opinion
Are extreme sports worth promoting and why?VocabularyEx 7. Replace the verbs in italics with these words in their correct form. not do it, organise, be interested in, arrive, wear, do (it) as planned, explain, start doingI decided to take up ( ) bungee jumping and now I am really into it ( ). When Istart doingam really interested inturned up ( ) for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out ( ), but my friends persuaded me to go through with it ( ). You don’t have to put on ( ) any special clothes, just a sweater and jeans, but obviously you need a lot of time to set up ( ) the equipment. But it’s worth waiting for. It’s difficult to get across ( ) how exciting it is!arrivednot do itdo it as plannedwearorganiseexplainEx 8. Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs.Ann waited for Tom for ages but he didn’t __________.
What kind of music _____ you _____?
A friend of mine _____ just _________ jogging in order to get fit.
Why don’t we _________ our computer in the study?
They were going to have a party last Saturday but ____________ at the last minute.turn upare intohas taken upset upbacked out1.为了做某事_________________
2.与……有相似之处________________
3.倒立行走______________________
4.喜欢……____________________
5. 决定不履行（允诺的事）____________________
6. 安装…_______________________
7.值得做……_______________________
8. 使理解_____________________
9.冒生命之危险做某事___________________
10完成，把……进行到底______________
11.take up __________ __________ _____________
12. turn up _______________ ______________1. 为了做某事
2. 与……有相似之处 have similarities with…
3. 倒立行走 walk upside down
4. 喜欢…… be into…
5. 决定不履行（允诺的事） back out
6. 安装… set up
7.值得做…… be worth doing sth.
8. 使理解 get across
9. 冒生命之危险做某事risk one’s life to do sth.
10.完成，把……进行到底 go through with…
11.take up 开始对……感兴趣； 开始从事……； 占据
12. turn up 出现,到场；调大in order to do sth.你喜欢什么样的音乐? (be into)
2) 他们准备上周六举行一个派对，但是在最后一刻又改变主意了。 (back out)
3) 他决定坚持到底，不管有多么困难。(go through with)
4) 这本书值得一读。(be worth)
This book is worth reading.
What kind of music are you into? They were going to have a party last Saturday, but backed out at the last minute. No matter how difficult it is, he decides to go through with it. 5) 我不能忍受被当众取笑。
6)我想去尝试一下蹦极。I can’t stand being made fun of in public.I would / I’d like to try bungee jumping.定语从句： 1-5 D C A B A 6-7 C BHomework1.Go over all the expressions and new words.
2.Surf the internet and find out other sorts of extreme sports to describe.
3. Write a paragraph about your preferences in extreme sports and the reasons.
Thank You！
课题名称：Unit 8 Lesson 4
Journey to the Antarctic
教师姓名：张淑林
学 校：北京昌平一中
教学设计
课题名称：Unit 8 Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic
教师姓名：张淑林 学校： 昌平一中
教学指导思想与理论依据
本节课设计的主要依据是高中英语课程标准。高中英语课程的总目标是使学生在义务教育阶段英语学习的基础上，进一步明确英语学习的目的，发展自主学习和合作学习的能力；形成有效的英语学习策略；培养学生的综合语言运用能力。根据高中学生认知能力发展的特点和学业发展的需求，高中英语课程应强调在进一步发展学生综合语言运用能力的基础上，着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力，为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。
高中课程标准同时提出：高中英语课程关注学生的情感，使学生在英语学习的过程中，提高独立思考和判断的能力，发展与人沟通和合作的能力，增进跨文化交际的能力，增强社会责任感，全面提高人文素养。本节课中的阅读活动的设计，是基于对两次竞赛的事实信息的获取，使学生扎扎实实的对文本进行详细全面的阅读。
教学内容分析
北师大版英语教材模块三第八单元主要围绕探险精神展开。本课是第八单元第四课，话题为南极探险的故事。在学习本课之前，学生已经在前三课的学习中了解了喜马拉雅山探险假日、极限运动和旅行家马可·波罗的事迹及贡献，为本课学习做了话题、词汇和情感准备。
本节课为单元中的第4课，主要讲述Captain Scott带领他的队员去南极探险过程中和挪威人Amundsen所带领的队伍进行比赛以及Captain Scott及其队员在归途中不幸全部丧生的故事，在描述的过程中同时穿插Captain Scott本人的日记片段，来表达探险家们不畏艰险的奉献精神。
文章主要由两部分构成：去南极探险和离开南极回家，文章的题目又为The Race to the Pole，这两部分其实是两种竞赛：在去南极探险中时和Amundsen所带领的队伍竞赛，在离开南极回家过程中时和遭遇的一起困难险阻竞赛。因此，在阅读的处理上，把文章分成两部分先后阅读，这样既可以避免文章篇幅长需要获取信息多的困难，也能让学生更容易获取在这两次竞赛中的事实细节信息。
学生情况分析
授课班级为昌平二中普通班的学生。
教学目标
在本节课结束时，学生通过阅读能：
1. 能够运用所获取的信息，按文章脉络讲述Scott和Amundsen比赛的故事。
2.运用句法和语义猜测出新单词的意思：
sledge, break down, exhausted, run out of
3.对Scott和Amundsen两位探险家的精神有初步认识。
教学重点和难点
教学重点：
1. 学生查找文本信息，理清文章脉络。
2. 运用句法和语义猜测新单词。
教学难点：运用本课获取的信息讲述两队比赛的故事。
教学流程图
教学过程
教学环节
教师活动
学生活动
设计意图
Step1 Warm-up& Lead-in
Present the pictures and raise some questions.
Can you guess which the pole is?
Do you think it is difficult to travel there?
Do you want to know their journey to the Antarctic?
Look at the pictures and answer T’s questions
导入本课话题；激发学生兴趣，激活背景知识。
Step 2
Reading
Prediction: Predict the text
and number the paragraphs
Reading I
Ask Ss to read the text to find out the specific information about the journey. (para1to 4)
Reading II
Ask the Ss to read the text and find out the specific information about the journey.(para5 to 10)
Story-telling:
Guide Ss to tell your friends
the story of Journey to the
Antarctic.
Predict the text and number the paragraphs
Read the text and fill out the table.
Answer questions in the sentences.
Read the text and write down the key words.
Prepare for
story-telling.
培养学生根据标题预测文章内容
培养学生读取文章详细信息并进行处理的能力。
完整句子的回答为学生输出和写作做准备。
培养学生书写用关键词的形式处理所获取的信息能力。
完整句子的回答为学生输出和写作做准备。
内化所获取的信息，提升学生对文本信息和文章脉络的理解。
Step 3
Thinking
Guide the Ss to think:
Why is the south pole station named “Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station ”?
Thinking about the questions raised by T
为下节课对文本理解的提升做好准备。
Step 4
Awarding
Award the certificate of merit to the winners.
Accept the certificate of merit.
激励学生更积极的参与课堂活动。
Step 5 :
Homework:
Write a story of Journey to
the Antarctic. (about 100 words)
Listen to T carefully.
以书面的形式巩固本节课所学内容。
板书设计
M8 L4 Journey to the Antarctic
Reason return dragon tiger words
sledges being exhausted sledge
horses weather break down
men food exhausted
departure rocks run out of
death
storm
教学效果评价
At the end of the class I can
Good
So-so
Bad
predict what will happen in the text according to the title.
guess the new words according the given clues.
tell your friends
the story of Journey to the Antarctic.
教学设计特点
本节课充分体现了高效课堂, 体现了教师对学生的尊重和对学生较好的指导作用,体现了学生是学习的主体，教师的引导使学生不断进行自主探究。
本节课教师设计的阅读教学活动设计层次鲜明，并且进行了有效落实。教师对教材把握适度，对学生可能存在的问题进行了预设，并以示范、提示等不同形式给学生搭建台阶，为学生完成任务树立信心，使学生能积极参与到课堂活动中，保持较高的学习热情。
本节课主线清晰，整节课从race开始，以race结束。将文章分割成两部分阅读，对于普通班的学生降低了阅读难度，让学生更清楚地了解了文本内容。利用比赛的形式使课堂气氛更加活跃，使学生对比赛也有了更好的认识。思考问题的提出为下节课文本理解的提升做了充足的准备。
在本节课的设计中，教师设计的活动形式具备多样性的特点。教师着重培养学生的获取信息、处理信息的能力；在阅读输入活动中，结合本节课的的内容,把学生分成大组进行比赛；在输出部分，学生四人为一小组介绍两队的journey的情况，积大组的的分值，最后看看哪组能胜出，进行颁奖。
M3 Unit 8 Lesson 2 Extreme Sports –听说导学案
Class： Group： No._____ Name: 组内评价： 教师评价： 【Learning aims】1. To practice strategies for preparing to listen to a text.
2. To practise expressing preferences.
3. To practise using phrasal verbs.
Lesson 2 Extreme Sports— Listening and speaking
【课前预习】
Task I: Do exercise1- 2 on Page24.
Task II: 词汇学习--根据语境，写出划线单词的意思，并背会。
1. Yong people like extreme sports such as bungee jumping, snowboarding and snowrafting because of their speed and excitement. 1. 2. 3. 4.
2. Li Ning and Yang Wei are masters in gymnastics. ( )
3. China and The USA have some similarities as well as differences. ( )
4. In bungee jumping you have to fall upside down. ( )
5. Exactly speaking, the meeting will be held at 5:10. ( )
6. What makes people risk their lives to do take up some extreme sports? ( )
7. There are various books in our school library. （ ）
8. In whitewater rafting you sit in a small raft and flow down a river at great speed. Fast flowing mountain rivers are the best. ( )
9. Diving is an expensive sport because you have buy some expensive diving equipments.
10. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ( )
The story is dull.( )
【课堂学习】
Listen and complete the table.
Sports
Carol
Jonathan
sports
reasons
sports
reasons
likes
?
?
?
?
doesn’t like
tennis
?
?
can’t stand
slow sports
would like to try
?
?
?
?
wouldn’t like to try
?
?
bungee jumping
?
【能力提升,合作学习】
词汇学习:Notice some useful phrases in the listening text and give the meanings.
1.为了做某事____________________ 2.与……有相似之处___________________________
3.倒立行走______________________ 4.喜欢……____________________
5. 决定不履行（允诺的事）____________________6. 安装…_______________________
7.值得做……_______________________8. 使理解_____________________
9.冒生命之危险做某事___________________10完成，把……进行到底______________
11.take up _________________ _______________ _____________
12. turn up _______________ ______________
Speaking 1.Work in pairs and make up a dialogue about your preferences for sports.
2.Discussion Your class are discussing which extreme sport you are going to do on this Weekend. Discuss in groups and show your own opinions and the reasons.
【加油站---课后巩固空间】
1) 你喜欢什么样的音乐? (be into)
2) 他们准备上周六举行一个派对，但是在最后一刻又改变主意了。 (back out)
3) 他决定坚持到底，不管有多么困难。(go through with)
4) 这本书值得一读。(be worth)
5) 我不能忍受被当众取笑。
6)我想去尝试一下蹦极。
【定语从句练习】
( )1. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
( )2. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
( )3. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?
A. that B. / C. which D. it
( )4. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ____ he could see ___was going on inside house.
A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that
( )5. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
( )6. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which
( )7. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been
第一步：
预习单词
方法导引：提前预习相关词语
通过练习，扫除词句障碍
第二步：
听取信息
方法导引：提前读题并预测答案。
第三步：
提炼信息
方法导引：在听力中学生要进行有重点的听取信息，并得出答案
第四步：能力提升
方法导引：运用所学内容，输出语言，学以致用
在新的语句或语境中运用刚刚学过的词汇和句型。
课件7张PPT。
February 24,2014The silk road covered a huge distance linking modern day Xi’an with the Middle East and Europe.Xi’anCities along?the Silk Road
ReadingRead to do the Ex.1Read the text and answer these questions:1. Is the Xinjing region the Silk Road?
2. When did the Silk Road get its name?
3. Name one way in which the Silk Road had a huge impace on Chinese culture.Sentences for you to remember1. This area is Xinjiang in Northwest China, through which two major routes of the Silk Road passed on the northern and southern side of the Taklamakan desert.
2. The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China.
3.Buddhism from India entered China along the Silk Road and had a huge influence on Chinese culture.
4. Today, the Xinjing Autonomous Region remains an international crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, and tourists from all over the world regularly meet.课件26张PPT。Lesson 1
Adventure HolidaysUnit 8 AdventureAre you interested in exploring…?virgin foresta new planetAmazon junglesmall islandAre you dreaming of going…?Caribbean sailingskiingdivingcanoeingparachutingrock climbingWould you like to go on …?a safaria hiking tripadventure tripssimilarities?If a chance given, would you like to take part in the Adventure of Himalayas? Adventure
in the HimalayasWhat is needed for an adventure trip? What is needed for an adventure trip will be usually printed in A brochure. What is needed for an adventure trip?organizationroute accommodationluggageporterguidetentextra moneyspecial equipmentsfood and watermedicine……Fill in the blanks with route, porter, luggage, guide, tent, extraYou don’t need to pay _______ money to have a nice dinner, everything you need is included.
With our help, you can easily plan a _____ to your destination.
The ________ will not only help you in your sightseeing, but also help you understand the culture better.extrarouteguideFill in the blanks with route, porter, luggage, guide, tent, extra4. Do not carry heavy pieces of ________ for a long time when you are traveling.
5. You could always find a _________ at train stations, and they can help you carry your luggage.
6. We carry the ________, sleeping bags, clothes, food and water with us in our backpacks.luggageportertents A brochure is a thin magazine with pictures that gives you information about a product or service. Read a brochure about Adventure in the Himalayas1. Read the brochure and match the paragraphs (1-7) with these topics.Para.1 _____
Para.2 _____
Para.3 _____
Para.4 _____
Para.5 _____
Para.6 _____ Para.7 _____a) difficulty of hikes
b) accommodation
c) extra offers
d) prices and dates
e) experiences of a hike
f) flight arrangements
g) organization of hikesegfbcadReading: Task 1 Read the text again and answer these questions.Why do you think people would want to go on this trip?
Why does the organization use experienced guides?
Why do cooks and porters go with the hiking team?
4. Why does the company offer optional tours?
5. Why do people going on this trip need to be fit?Reading: Task 2 Why do you think people would want to go on this trip?
They are looking for new, exciting holiday experiences.
2. Why does the organization use experienced guides?
Because they know their way round the Himalayas very well and they know the best places to stay at night.3. Why do cooks and porters go with the hiking team?
To make the hike easier and let people enjoy it more.
4. Why does the company offer optional tours?
Because some people may want to stay longer and visit other places.
5. Why do people going on this trip need to be fit?
Because it is a Class A hike with walks of 6-8 hours most days.Adventure 2000cookporterflightsBus travelComfortable hotelshostelsOne-or two-person tentsAdventure 2000Take a trip to Western China6-8Maximum altitude2,500October
May Hiking trips can be 1. ____________ and even dangerous. However, at Adventure 2000, all our guides have several years of 2. ___________ in leading hiking trips in the Himalayas. They know all the best 3. ________ and best places to camp. As well as the group guide, all teams have cooks and porters.
While on a hiking trip, our cooksuncomfortableexperienceroutesSummary4. ______________________, and our porters 5. __________________.
We also think good 6. ____________ _____________ are important. We organise all the flights for you. 7. _______________ is in comfortable hotels in Beijing and Lahsa, hostels on the hiking trip and tents for 8. ________.
The hike costs ￡2500 including all flights and accommodation. Hikes are between October and May.prepare delicious mealscarry your luggagetravelarrangementsaccommodationcampingRole Play: Group workA,B: You are the customers who are taking an adventure holiday in this summer, and you are asking the manager of Adventure 2014, what would you like to know ？
C,D: You are the managers of Adventure 2014. You are introducing your programme. Supporting expressions
A: I would like to know something about the trip …
B: We have different routes to meet your interest… Adventure isn’t hanging on a rope off the side of a mountain.
Adventure is an attitude that we must apply to the day to day obstacles of life----facing new challenges, seizing new opportunities, testing our resources against the unknown and in the process, discovering our own unique potential.
--John AmattHomework P23. Ex. 8.9.10.
P66. Ex.1.2.3.
P67. Ex. 5. (vocabulary)
M3 Unit8 Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic阅读导学案1
Class： Group： No._____ Name: 组内评价： 教师评价：
【learning aims】：
1. To guess the meaning for the difficult words from the contexts;
2.To compare the race between two teams ;
3. To talk about who is the winner.
【自主学习· 温故知新】
Activity1: Words Bank：Read the passage and make use of the strategies to guess the meaning of the following words, using a dictionary when necessary.
1.sledge without hope 7.anxiously stop functioning
2.hopeless happy 8.break down extremely surprised
3.cheerful inside 9.shocked worriedly
4.distant equipment used for moving on snow 10.ambition extremely tired
5.carry on far away 11.exhausted have nothing left/ use up
6.within continue 12.run out of sth. you want to achieve
【静心阅读 .运用阅读策略】
Activity2: Reading
First Reading: Work out the structure of the passage and summarize its main idea.
Parts of the text
Main idea
Part 1 (Para - )
Part 2 (Para - )
Part 3 (Para - )
Second Reading: Sequencing: put the events into the correct order.
A. Captain Oats had great difficulty walking and then died.
B. On his way, Scott received a message from Amundsen.
C. Scott wrote a letter to his wife telling her their story.
D. Two sledges of Scott’s team broke down.
E. Amundsen left a Norwegian flag and then returned.
F. Scott and his team were out of food.
G. Captain Scott’s courage moved the whole world.
Order: ________________________________.
Task2: complete the table:
Amundsen’s Team
Scott’s Team
preparation
_______________ to Scott
Organised ________________
Waited for ________________
On 1 June,1910, _______________
_______________ from Amundsen
Organised ________________
Waited for ________________
During the journey
He had ___________________
and all his men _____________.
He made ________ progress.
On 1 Nov.______________
He had problems:____________________ ____________________________ ___________________________
The result
He reached ________________
And ____________________.
He reached __________________
The return journey for Scott’s Team
The men ______________________________
The weather conditions ___________________
They carried _____________________
Disasters came: ____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
【合作探究·能力提升】
Activity 3: Discussion
Do you still think Scott’s team losers ? Why?
Homework：
1.Read the text and take down useful expressions.
2. Write down the reason who is the winner.
育人设计：
方法导引：
第一步： 阅读课文运用P29 Reading Strategies: ------Dealing with difficult words，猜测词义做词汇储备。
第二步：
阅读文章，
方法引领：采用（skimming）跳读进行快速阅读，捋清文章结构及段意。
Detailed reading 运用（scanning）扫读关注细节，有理有据。
事件排序，理清先后顺序。
对比两队的各个环节，为后来的讨论做铺垫。
第三步：
小组讨论，深层理解课文，提炼自己的观点。
第四步：作业
熟读课文积累短语；把课上讨论落实成写作。
M3 Unit8 Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic阅读导学案2,3
Class： Group： No._____ Name: 组内评价： 教师评价：
【learning aims】：
1.To discuss the extraordinary courage shown by Scott ;
2. To use the key expressions and word formation.
【温故知新】
Activity1: Review： main idea
Both Scott and Amundsen___________________ their journey to the Antarctic. Amundsen won ________________. Scott and his men suffered a worst ______________in the history of ___________Scott and his men _________ heroes for their_______________________.
【合作探究·能力提升】
Activity 2: Further reading： answer the questions.
1.Why did Amundsen succeed while Scott failed?
2.Why did Scott and his men still carry 20 kilos of rocks all the way on their return journey since they failed the race?
3. What does “the similar spirit” refer to when Scott said “We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit” while recording Captain Oates’s death?
Activity3: Discussion
What was extraordinary courage shown by Scott and his men? In what ways can you see?
Period 3 Vocabulary --- Word-building
Activity1.Accumulate some useful phrases and expressions.
开始某人的南极之旅 收到来自某人的短信
为…做准备 第一个出发
拉雪橇 损坏
在做…上有困难 过了一段时间
插上国旗 失去了雄伟的目标
筋疲力尽 断粮
在返回途中 曾经，一度
行走艰难 继续前行
II. Useful expressions: Translate the sentences
1. 先是，他的两个摩托雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
First,?his?two?sledges?_____________,?and?then?the?horses?began?to?have?serious?_________with?snow?and?the?cold.
2. 不久他们筋疲力尽，而且随身所带的干粮就要吃光了。
They?were?soon?___________?and?were?______________?the?food?which?they?brought?with?them.
3. 接下来离开的是欧茨上校，他行走都很艰难。
The?next?to?go?was?Captain?Oates,?who was?____________________________?walking.?
4. 斯科特上校和两名同伴继续向前，到达距离食物储存处不足 11英里的地方。
Scott?and?two?of?his?team?members__________________?and?got?within?eleven?miles?of?one?of?their?food?bases.
5.尽管他们输掉了奔向南极的竞赛，但斯科特上校和他的伙伴们所表现的非凡勇气足以使他们成为英雄。 ___________?they?had?failed?to?win?the?race?to?the?Pole,?the?___________________?shown?by?Captain?Scott?and?his?men?_________them_______?heroes.?
Activity2. Word building
I. Review the text—talking about Amundsen and Scott.
You are expected to provide as many sentences you can to do the following jobs by using different forms of the word given in the brackets.
1. Describe Amundsen. (explore)
2. What do you think of Amundsen’s expedition? (success)
3. Why could he succeed? (prepare)
4. Captain Scott was not the first to arrive in the Antarctic, but what made him carry on his return journey? (courage)
II. Underline the different forms of the same word.
1. I am now preparing for the coming English exam, which means I am making a full preparation for it because I believe one can pass it if he or she is fully prepared.
Conclusion:
We can change the form of a word by adding a or a .
2. Look at the following word forms and try to figure out the rules how they change into another form. Complete the word forms below.
① difference ( n.) => different (adj.) distance => (adj.)
② home (n.) => homeless (adj.) hope (n.) => (adj.)
③ beauty (n.) => beautiful (adj.) cheer (n.) => (adj.)
④ busy (adj.) => business (n.) sad (adj.) => (n.)
⑤ prepare (v.) => preparation (n.) explore (v.) => (n.)
⑥ danger (n.) => dangerous (adj.) courage (n.) => (adj.)
ambition (n.) => (adj.)
Practice Exercises 6 & Exercise 7 on Page 29.
Homework: Finish PartB and Reading A+B on N 31.
育人设计：
方法导引：
第一步： 通过填空回忆课文的主要内容，为回答问题做准备。
第二步：
理解课文，回答问题，有理有据。
第三步：
小组讨论，深层理解课文，提炼自己的观点。
第四步：作业
把课上讨论落实成写作；课外延伸阅读。
育人设计：
方法导引：
第一步：复习文中有用的短语，并学习其用法，通过翻译巩固所学。
第二步：通过回忆课文回答问题，观察答案中所包含的构词法。
找词根词缀。
运用规律，实践操练。
话题词汇及练习
课本话题词汇
adventure
奇遇，冒险的经历
gymnastics
体操，体操训练
desert
沙漠，荒原
risk
冒……的危险
canoe
乘独木舟，独木舟
excitement
兴奋，激动
*safarri
游猎，探险旅行
various
不同的，各种各样的
hike
徒步旅行，远足
equipment
配备，设备
take off
起飞
preference
较喜欢的东西，偏爱
wild
野生的，狂热的
turn up
出现，到场
tiring
令人疲劳的
back out
决定不履行（允诺的事）
raft
木排，木筏
jog
慢跑
white-water rafting
激流漂流
traveller
旅行者，旅客
horizon
地平线
amaze
使惊愕（惊奇）
organisation
团体，组织，机构
goods
商品，物品
uncomfortable
不舒服的，不自在的
fuel
燃料
route
路线，路程
on one's way
在途中
porter
行李搬运工
preparation
准备，预备
luggage
行李
*sledge
雪车，雪橇
accommodation
住所，住处
break down
损坏，不能运转
*hostel
旅社，招待所
shock
震惊，惊骇
altitude
高度，海拔
goal
目的，目标
extra
特别的，额外的
*exhausted
疲惫的
right now
就在此时
run out of
用完，耗尽
differ
不同于，有区别
hopeless
没有希望的
footprint
脚印，足迹
cheerful
愉快的，高兴的
anxious
忧虑的，担心的
distant
远处的，久远的
extreme
极度的，极端的
*Arctic
北极，北极区
bungee jumping
蹦极
transport
运输，运送
snowboarding
单板滑雪
survival
幸存，残存，生存
snowrafting
动力雪橇滑雪
shelter
遮蔽，庇护所
话题词汇和词组练习
一、根据中文提示完成句子
1. At last they succeeded in ____________(组织) the concert .
2. It is raining outside and we can’t go__________(慢跑).
3. In the storm I took _________ （躲避）under the tree.
4. A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every camper’s ___________（装备).
5. Construction will require the (运输) of over 500 tons of dirt.
6. Researchers are eager to (观测) how the change takes place.
7. Allow plenty of time to get to your (目的地).
8. Large ( 大量的）of food and clothes were supplied to the poor.
9.The two sisters cared for their sick mother （轮流）.
10.He was (疲惫不堪的) from studying all night.
11.The first lady was (兴高采烈的) and energetic during the press conference.
12.We were (震惊的) at their terrible working conditions.
1.organizing 2.jogging 3.shelter 4.equipment 5.transport
6.observe 7.destination 8.quntity 9.in turn 10.exhausted
11.cheerful 12.shocked
根据中文提示完成句子
旅行费用为2,500英镑，其中包括所有机票和食宿。
The hike costs &2,500 _______________all flights and accommodation.
当我第一次跳蹦极时，我紧张得想退缩，但我的朋友劝说我坚持了下去。
______________________,I was ____ nevervous _____I tired to back out, but my
friends persuaded me to ___________________it.
由于父亲想和中国人做生意，他十七岁时就和父亲游历欧洲和亚洲。
When he was 17 years old, he _____________europe and asia with his father, who
wanted to ___________ the chinese.
两队都在为下一年的探险做食物储备。
Both teams organised food basese __________________ their journeys.
后来，马匹开始很难应付大雪和严寒。
Then the horses began to __________________ the snow and the cold.
1.including
2.When I turned up for my first jump, so, that, go throught with
3.travelled across, trade with
4.in preparation for
5.have serious difficulties with
三、用话题词汇和词组完成写作
今年夏天你和其他同学参加了一次学生会组织的野外生存训练 (wildness survival program)。请根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文来描述这次活动并谈谈自己的感受。
时 间
活 动
你的感受
7月l0日至12 日
1.携带物品：指南针、帐篷、手电筒、地图、急救包、火柴、食品、和衣物等。
2.途中翻过三座山，游过两条河。在穿越森林时迷了路，靠指南针你们找到了正确的方向。
3.在营地，支起帐篷，自己生火、做饭。
4.学习紧急救护。
……
注意：
a)词数100左右。
b)生词：指南针 compass 手电筒 flashlight 急救包 first-aid kit 宿营地
My classmates and I took part in a wildness survival program organized by the Students’ Union from July 10th to July 13th this summer.
Before we started, we were in preparation for the equipments including a compass, a map, a first-aid kit, tents, flashlights, some food, some clothes. On the way we climbed three hills and swam across two rivers. We lost our way in the forest. Luckily we found the right direction with the compass. As soon as we arrived at the campsite, we put up our tents, made a fire and then started cooking. We also learned how to give first-aid.
Through the program, we learned to use knowledge gained in class to solve problems. Although it was exhausting but quite an unforgettable experience for me.
M3U8 Grammar
Class： Group： No. Name: 组内评价： 教师评价：______
【Instructions】
根据所学定语从句知识按要求完成预习部分。
课上订正预习答案（5分钟）合作探究（25分钟）总结（5分钟）运用（10分钟）
【Learning Aims】
1. To discover the differences between defining and non-defining relative clauses as well as their rules.
2. To sum up the differences and rules by reading the stentences in the text and the examples and cooperating with others.
3. write a short passage, using defining and non-defining relative clauses.
温馨提示：
难于理解的句子要结合课后注释做好理解，仍未解决得的要用问号标注出来，等待课堂质疑解决。
【自主学习· 预习语法】
请认真阅读右栏“自学引领”后完成预习。
Read the text on Page 26 and find out as many relative clauses as you can, and find out the word(s) that the clause refers to in each sentence.
Observe the two groups of sentences carefully. Find the difference between them in forms.
我的困惑：
【合作探究·能力提升】
合作探究限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
Task1 合作讨论下列例句在语义上的区别
A. Professor Wang has a son who works in Beijing.
B. Professor Wang has a son, who works in Beijing.
Task2 对比讨论：
第一组
The old man has a son, who is in the army.
The old man has a son who is in the army.
第二组
My younger brother who is 18 years old is a college student.
My younger brother, who is 18 years old, is a college student.
Task3 补充练习：下列例句的暗含意义。
A. I have a sister who works in a hospital.
B. I have a sister, who works in a hospital.
C. He has a brother, who lives in Beijing
D. He has a brother who lives in Beijing.
Task4 观察“自主学习”中在课文中找到的定语从句，思考：
Which of the clauses give:
● information to identify the persons/objects?
● extra information about a person or a thing, which can be left out?
Task5 总结限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
非限制性定语从句_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Task 6 group work: Please finish Ex.6 on Page27 with your partner.
二．合作探究运用非限制性定语从句的情况
Task 1 讨论例句中的先行词和引导词which，as的用法：
There hasn’t been any news about him since he left home, which upsets me.
The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much.
The book is very touching, as most readers say.
Task 2 讨论例句中的which和as用法的区别
第一组：
Taiwan belongs to China，as everybody knows.
As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China.
They won the match, which excited us.
第二组：
He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
第三组：
Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
The book is very touching, as most readers say.
Task3 观察讨论下列例句中的引导词，思考非限制性定语从句的运用情况
Jinan, which is a nice city, attracts many visitors every day.
John Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
三．总结
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
意义上
功能上
结构上
Practice：Please finish Ex.7 on Page27 with your partner.
Language in use：
Have you ever taken an adventure? If so, write a short passage about it. If you’ve never taken any adventure, please write about one that you have read or heard about. Don’t forget to use relative clauses in your passage.
我的收获与困惑
【拓展练习·链接高考】
（浙江2005）Jim passed the driving test,____ surprised everybody in the office.
A. which B. that C. this D. it
（浙江2005）______ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After C. As D. Since
（浙江2006）I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
4. （浙江2007）Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
5. （浙江2008）Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
6. （浙江2009）The young man we’ve just talked to is a traveler ______ parents visited us last year.
A. that B. whose C. whom D. which
错题原因分析
自学引领：
1.认真阅读文章努力调动知识储备，找出文章中的定语从句，切不可走马观花或自动放弃思考
2. 如果找出的句子中有生词或对句子无法理解，应及时标记，通过查字典或求教同学老师解决。对于不是很确定的句子，也可以列在学案上等待课上解决。
3.认真观察所找出的定语从句，按照形式分为两组。注意，要写出自己分类的依据。要养成积极思考的习惯，如对自己写出的有疑问，可列在“我的困惑”栏，等待老师解决。
合作讨论分析AB两个例句在语义上的区别。
根据上面的讨论结果，进一步分析下面几组例句
讨论自主学习中找到的定语从句所代表的不同意义，并归类
合作讨论总结
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
练习反馈
按照题目要求合作讨论。
组内讨论
应用练习
用定语从句知识挑战高考原题
Unit8 课文回顾
(1) Adventure
Do you enjoy a hiking holiday? Hiking may sound very exciting but the 1 （现实） of hiking trips is often very 2 (不舒服的) and dangerous. Now we are organizing Adventure 2000 for you and we 3 （ 提供）you different helps you need. There are three roups, all the groups must have cooks and 4 （搬运工）as well as group guides. Only in this way can you fully 5 （享受） the experience. Adventure 2000 organizes all the 6 （航班） and offers you comfortable 7 （住所）. There are also 8 （特殊的）offers for those who don’t want to go straight home 9 （以后）. The hiking trip costs 2, 500 pounds, including all flights and accommodation. The size of each group is 15 people and the hikes are between 10 （十月） and May.
1.reality 2.uncomfortable 3.offer 4. porters 5.enjoy
6.flights 7.accommodations 8.special 9.afterwards 10.October
(2) Marco Polo
fuel, Italy, prison, Emperor, available, trade, return, confuse, travel, welcome
Marco Polo was born in 1 in 1254. At the age of 17, Marco Polo 2 across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to 3 with the Chinese. In China, they were 4 by Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty 5 . What impressed him most was that people used paper money, which was not 6 until many years later. The black stone used as 7 also 8 him. Not long after his 9 to Italy in 1291, he was caught by his enemy in a local war and put into 10 .
1.Italy 2.traveled 3.trade 4.welcomed 5.Emperor 6.available 7.fuel 8.comfused 9.return 10.prison
(3) Journey to the Antarctic
On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his j 1 to the Antarctic. On his way, he r 2 a message from the Norwegian e 3 Roald Amundsen: “I’m going south.” So the r 4 to the South Pole was on.
During the polar summer of 1910---1911, both teams organized food b 5 in p 6 for the journeys the next year. Then it was the total d 7 of the polar winter. Scot and Amundsen waited a a 8 for spring.
Amundsen was the first to leave and he had teams of dogs pulling the sledges. Because of this, he made r 9 progress. But Scot soon had problems. First his two sledges b 10 down, and then the horses began to have difficulties with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scot and his men had to push the sledges themselves.
1.journey 2.received 3.explorer 4.race 5.bases
6.preparation 7.darkness 8.aniously 9.rapid 10.broke
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
??限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句有四大区别
一、在句中作用不同
限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。
二、外在表现形式不同
限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
例1. This is the place where he used to live.
例 2. Mr. Zhang，who came to see me yesterday，is an old friend of mine.
在例 1中，定语从句与先行词关系密切，为限制性定语从句，不可用逗号将其与主句隔开。在例2中，定语从句与先行词关系不密切，为非限制性定语从句，可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
三、先行词内容有所不同
大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导。
例：1. A middle-aged woman killed her husband，which frightened me very much.
由语境可知，令“我”恐惧的内容应为“中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由 which 引导定语从句。
例：2. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages， which surprises all the people present.
由语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是“一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语”这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由 which 引导非限制性定语从句。
四、关系词的使用情况有所不同
（一） that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句
所有关系代词和关系副词均可引导限制性定语从句，大多数关系代词和关系副词可引导非限制性定语从句，但 that 不可。
例如：他没通过这次考试，令我很失望。
误：He didn't pass the exam，that disappointed me.
正：He didn't pass the exam，which disappointed me.
值得注意的是，不少同学误认为只有 which 才能引导非限制性定语从句，这个观点是不正确的。使用非限制性定语从句时，如果先行词指人，则用 who ， whom或 whose 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用 which 引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时，可用 when，where 引导非限制性定语从句。
例1. We'll graduate in July，when we will be free.
例2. Last Sunday they reached Nanjing，where a conference was to be held.
（二）关系代词替代情况不同
关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替 whom ，但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来代替。
例: 1. This is the girl whom I met in the street.
先行词 the girl 在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用 who 代替 whom .
例: 2. A young man had a new girl friend，whom he wanted to impress.
先行词 a new girl friend 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用 who 代替 whom .
在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可用 that 代替 who/ whom ，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用 that 代替 who/whom .
例：她有一个姐姐，她是教师。
误： She has a sister，that is a teacher.
正：She has a sister，who is teacher.
（三）关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去，非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省。
例 1. This is the book（which/that）he lost yesterday.
先行词 the book 在限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词 which 或 that 可以省略。
例 2. The book， which he lost yesterday， has been found.
先行词 the book 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词 which 不可省。
(四）as引导定语从句时的用法
① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。
e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s.
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.
3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
① 当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
② 当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。这种定语从句叫做分隔性定语从句
e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.
4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。
e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People’s Republic of China was founded.
5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。
e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可以省略。
??定语从句练习、
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam. They don’t study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根据句子意思，用介词＋关系代词whom或which 完成下列句子.
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、选择填空：
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom t took away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who B. / C. that D. when
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him
C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
A. who B. which C. that D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. where C. in which D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A. it B. which C. that D. he
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were
C. that there were D. where there were
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. that
32. ---- What game is popular with them?
---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like
C. best game they like D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which D. during which time
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
38. ____ is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. whose B. that C. whom D. who
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which
C. both of which D. all of which
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
48. He is absent, ____ is often the case.
A. what B. which C. who D. as
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
??定语从句参考答案
一、
1. The fan that you want is on the desk.
2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room.
3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine.
4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.
5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.
7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful.
8. The train which was going to Nanning was late.
9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother.
10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.
12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.
13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in.
15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class?
16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. with which; 3. with whom;
4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB
21~25 ABBDC 26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC
41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB 51. BAABA
课件5张PPT。Unit 8-词汇复习
一、
1. organizations 2. anxious
3. exactly
4. equipment 5.adventures
6. distant 7. adventures 8.altitude 9.ambition 10.confused
10. observing 12. maximum 二、
1. running out of 2. broke down 3. took off 4. in return
5. get across 6. turn up
7. broke out 8. A large quantity of
9. stand by 10. was put into prison
11. to my amazement 12. set up
13. am into 14. differs from
15. pefer to 16. as well as三、
1. horizon 2. equipment
3. patience 4. shocked
5. major 6. wealthy
7. Exactly 8. various
9. differed 10. altitude
11. gymnastics四、
When I turned up for my first English speech contest, I was so nervous that I had great difficulty coming up with the words. I failed to concentrate and was about to back out. However, I was greatly encouraged by my teacher’s smiling face, as well as the audience’s warm applauses. First, I collected my thought and then I took a deep breath in order to stay calm. Although I was not the winner, I was awarded a special prize of courage, which I thought was too good to be true at that moment.
It was really worth celebrating, wasn’t it?课件55张PPT。M3 Unit8 Adventure Lesson4 说课
昌平一中英语组 蔡青
2014-4-8Unit 8 Lesson 4
Journey to the Antarctic Reading Period 2
Review Both Scott and Amundsen___________________ their journey to the Antarctic. Amundsen won ________________. Scott and his men suffered a worst ______________in the history of ___________Scott and his men _________
heroes for their_______________________.
were in preparation forthe race to the Pole.return journeyextraordinary courageMain ideaexplorationwere regarded asWhy did Amundsen succeed while Scott failed?
Why did Scott and his men still carry 20 kilos of rocks all the way on their return journey since they failed the race?
What does “the similar spirit” refer to when Scott said “We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit” while recording Captain Oates’s death? Inferential - readingWhy did Amundsen succeed while Scott failed?
Inferential - reading Amundsen used dogs to pull the sledges and all his men were on skis while Scott used motor sledges and horses, which were not available in the extremely cold temperature.Amundsen spent years planning his expedition and went over the details again and again.Scott did plan, but he was unprepared for the unexpectedly cold temperatures he and his team would face, which slowed their expected progress.While Scott’s team took nearly 2,000 photographs, Amundsen's took only ten--and these only once they'd reached the Pole.Amundsen had one goal, and one goal only:
to be the first to reach the South Pole.The rocks proved later at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants, which provided strong evidence for human to explore the Pole. So we can infer that they must
have had a scientific goal.Why did Scott and his men still carry 20 kilos of rocks all the way on their return journey since they failed the race?Question 2Further-readingDr. Edward Atkinson, part of Scott's scientific team. The scientific prong of Scott's mission made their expedition more complicated, while Amundsen was able to focus all of his energy and efforts on being the first to reach the Pole.Focus
on
One
Goal
at
a
TimeWhat does “the similar spirit” refer to when Scott said “We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit” while recording Captain Oates’s death? Question 3It refers the courage to face their last moment of life bravely and calmly. It’s the spirit of man-gentleman---manliness (男子气概；勇敢；刚毅 ).Further understand the spirit of explorers.
Sense the pronunciation and intonation.Watch and understand further Post-reading What was extraordinary courage shown by Scott and his men? In what ways can you see?Read, think and discuss In my opinion, the extraordinary courage shown by Scott and his men was never to give up ambition of goals when facing many difficulties, such as extremely cold weather, their broken sledges, their loss of horses, their running out of food, their spirit of meeting their end like English gentlemen. Their rocks, their notes and their courage of exploring the unknown world still encourage one generation to another.Referenceshttp://www.google.com.hk/#newwindow=1&q=the+race+to+the+pole&safe=strict
Scott of the Antarctic: The Definitive Biography by David Crane
作者: Pipe, Jim 出版社: School Specialty Pub 出版年: 2006-11 页数: 48 定价: $ 7.85 装帧: Pap ISBN: 9780769647029 Adventure艾丽斯梦游仙境 绿野仙踪 刘易斯·卡罗尔 (Lewis Carroll) 莱曼?弗兰克?鲍姆(L.Frank Baum Adventures of Huckleberry FinnAdventures of Tom SawyerTreasure Island
The Lord of Flies
Robinson Crusoe
Alice’s Adventure in the Wonderland
The Wonderful Wizard of OZ
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Journey to the Center of the Earth
Time Machine
Journey to the West
Choose your assignmentOption 1 Write a short passage about one of the major questions we’ll talk about in class in 100 words.
The deadline for handing in: tomorrow.
Option 2 Read a book about Captain Scott.
Option 3 Read any novel about adventure to be recommended or one you like.
The deadline should be at the end of this month---April 30. English learning is also a journey. How we can get ahead with our English depends on our own resolution to success. Unit 8 Lesson 4
Journey to the Antarctic Period 3 Vocabulary
Word-building
Useful Expressions开始某人的南极之旅
收到来自某人的短信
为…做准备
第一个出发
拉雪橇
损坏
在做…上有困难
过了一段时间
插上国旗
begin one’s journey to the Antarctic
receive a message from
in preparation for
the first to leave
pull the sledges
break down
have difficulty with sth.
after a while
put a flag
Step 1失去了雄伟的目标
筋疲力尽
断粮
在返回途中
曾经，一度
行走艰难
继续前行lose the goal of one’s ambition
be exhausted
run out of food
on one’s way back
at one time
have difficulty (in) walking
carry onUseful ExpressionsLanguage points1. prepare v.
prepare …for…
Please prepare a table for dinner.
preparation n.
in preparation for 为……作准备
They put chairs in the school hall in preparation for the concerts.Step 2 2. wait for sb. / sth.
He waited impatiently for an answer.
wait to do sth.
I can tell you something you’ve been waiting to know.
3. pull the sledge
push the sledge
拉雪橇推雪橇 4. make progress in / with sth.
progress 不可数名词
Are you making any progress with your study?
They are making slow progress in the construction of the new road.5. break down
a. 机器, 车辆等坏了
We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.
b. 身体跨了
His health broke down. c. 失败, 坚持不去了
Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.break in 蹩脚英语
break in on/upon 非法进入, 强行进入
break out 使人心碎
break one’s heart 爆发, 突然讲出
broken English 打搅, 使停顿6. run out (of)
The supply of our food almost ran out and we felt helpless.
We can see that his patience was running out little by little.用尽，没有了7. at one time
At one time he lived with his uncle.
They are working against time to try and get people out of the flood alive.
We finished 15 minutes ahead of time.
The letter was in my pocket all the time.
Our representatives are ready to help you at all times.一度，曾经争分夺秒提前一直总是，随时1.We had to go and see the principal one at a time.
2.He can be really bad-tempered at times.
3.I have no time for lazy people like Steve.
4.The kids will be leaving home in no time.
5.It’s about/high time you cleaned your room.
6.There’s no rush — take your time.
7.You’ll get a perfect result time after time if you follow these instructions.1.逐一，一次
2.有时，间或
3.不喜欢
4.立刻
5.是该…的时候
6.慢慢来
7.一次又一次
8. have difficulty/problems with sth.
have difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.
I don’t have much difficulty with English grammar.
He has difficulty (in) understanding the boy’s accent.
the difficulties of English grammar
He spoke slowly and with great difficulty.难题 难事艰难，费劲9. carry on
They are determined to carry on the struggle for freedom and democracy (民主).
One person carried on what the other had left off. 进行下去，继续下去10. spend
sb. spend…on sth.
sb. spend…(in) doing sth.
He doesn’t spend much time on his study.
He spent much time correcting my grammar. 11. fail vi.
All our plans failed.
fail in sth.
He has failed in his mathematics.
She failed in her last English exam. 失败在……不足, 在……失败 fail to do sth.
He fails to understand its real significance.
When I failed to find you, I sent you a note by messenger.失败；未能做到Translate the sentences ? 1. 先是，他的两个摩托雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。
2. 不久他们筋疲力尽，而且随身所带的干粮就要吃光了。
3. 接下来离开的是欧茨上校，他行走都很艰难。
4. 斯科特上校和两名同伴继续向前，到达距离食物储存处不足 11英里的地方。
5. 尽管他们输掉了奔向南极的竞赛，但斯科特上校和他的伙伴们所表现的非凡勇气足以使他们成为英雄。First,?his?two?sledges?__________,?and?then?the?horses?began?to?have?serious?________?with? snow?and?the?cold.? They?were?soon?___________?and?were?______________?the?food?which?they?brought?with?them.The?next?to?go?was?Captain?Oates,?who was??________________________?walking.? Scott?and?two?of?his?team?members__________?and?got?within?eleven?miles?of?one?of?their?food? bases._________they?had?failed?to?win?the?race?to?the?Pole,?the?___________________?
shown?by?Captain?Scott?and?his?men?_______?them_______?heroes.?broke?down difficultyexhaustedrunning?out?ofhaving?great?difficulty in?carried?onextraordinary?courage?madeAlthough??intoRoald Amundsen
Captain ScottStep 3Review the text. “explore” For example: (explore)① He was a great explorer in the world.② He once explored the Antarctic.③ His exploration will be remembered forever.1. What do you think of Amundsen’s expedition? (success)
Possible answers:
He succeeded (in) exploring the Antarctic.
His expedition was a great success.
He explored the Antarctic successfully.Possible answers:
Because he made full preparations before he started.
Because he prepared a lot of food and good sledges before starting.
Because he was fully prepared before starting.2.Why could he succeed ? (prepare)3.Captain Scott was not the first to arrive in the Antarctic, but what made him carry on his return journey ? (courage) Possible answers:
His courage made him carry on his return journey.
He was so courageous that he carried on his return journey.
He did not want to give up and he continued his journey courageously. / with great courage.I am now preparing for the coming English exam, which means I am making a full preparation for it because I believe one can pass it if he or she is fully prepared.
? Conclusion:
We can change the form of a word by adding a
________or a .Step 4Underline the different forms of the same word.prefixsuffixLook at the following word forms and try
to figure out the rules how they change into
another form. Complete the word forms below.
① difference ( n.) => different (adj.) distance => adj.
② home (n.) => homeless (adj.)
hope (n.) => (adj.)Task 1distanthopeless③ beauty (n.) => beautiful (adj.)
cheer (n.) => (adj.)
④ busy (adj.) => business (n.)
sad (adj.) => (n.) cheerfulsadness⑤ prepare (v.) => preparation (n.)
explore (v.) => (n.)
⑥ danger (n.) => dangerous (adj.)
courage (n.) => (adj.)
ambition (n.) => (adj.)explorationcourageousambitiousExercise 6 on P29. Complete the sentences. Make nouns or adjectives from the words in brackets.
1. They had done so much
(prepare) that the actual task was easy for them.
2. Without food, water, or a map, their situation was (hope).preparationhopeless3. Even with all her problems, she is still
(cheer) every day.
4. He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a (distance) land.
5. Everyone experienced (sad) at the terrible news.
6. All the exams have different levels of
(difficult).cheerfuldistantsadnessdifficultyTask 2 exploreexploredpolarorganizedorganizeXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXEx. 7 on P29patientXXXXXpatientlypreparedprepareXXXXXambitiousambitiouslyXXXXXcourageouscourageouslyXXXXXsuccessfulsucceedsuccessfully谢谢倾听Unit8 词汇复习
根据所给的语境和首字母，写出相应词汇
1. These green o took up many different campaigns to protect the environment all around the world.
2. When you become a about sleeplessness, you actually make the problem worse. You must relax yourself at night.
3. I don’t know e where they will go camping next weekend, but they really have planned to go camping.
4. The newly-built cinema has the most advanced e that can show different types of films.
5. My grandfather used to tell us about his a as the captain of a famous
large warship during the war.
6. With a telescope, we can have a d view from the mount top.
7. The Westerners love a such as scientific exploration, doing extreme sports more than the Easterners.
8. The a of this famous mount is about 2,400 meters. It is the highest in this area.
9. ---What’s your a in the future?
---I would like to be an astronaut when I grow up.
10. The result c everyone in the village. None of them understood why the most intelligent boy failed in the entrance exam.
11. Scientists are closely o how the volcano changes and when it may erupt.
12. The study showed that average planes could fly at a m altitude of 75,000 feet.
二、用所给的词组填空
take off; turn up; prefer to, get across; in return; differ from, run out of;
break down, as well as, to one’s amazement, be into, break out, set up，
stand by, a large quantity of, put into prison
1.They are oil and the plane has to land on the field.
2. First my car , then I lost my key. It never rains but it pours!
3. The plane an hour late.
4. I asked her opinion, but she just asked me a question .
5. Your meaning didn’t really .
6. He didn’t until half an hour later.
7. A fire last night, which killed many people.
8. money is spent saving the endangered animals by Chinese government.
9. I will always you whatever happens.
10. He for stealing something.
11. , Li Lei who always does well in English, failed this time.
12. Before bungee jumping, we need a lot of time to __________ the equipment.
13. At first, I didn’t like English at all, but now, I __________ it.
14. Can you tell me how the the life in your hometown __________ that of Beijing.
15. Rather than stay at home, I __________ spend my winter vacation abroad.
16. The parents, __________ the little boy, like the modern art very much.
三. 根据语境和汉语提示，写出相应的词汇
1. When the sun was rising from the （地平线）, the group of children
went camping.
2. A lot of new （设备）will be brought in so that the production can be
greatly improved.
3. You ought to educate your pupils with great （耐心）.
4. The news that the plane the President was taking crashed into the forest
(令震惊)the whole world.
5. Food is till a (主要的，重要的) problem for most Africans,
especially those in the African corner.
6. the poor man later became very (富有的) by doing business with
Europeans.
7. We don’t know (准确地) how far the lonely island is away
from land.
8. The sky in the east began to become bright and soon the shining red sun went up from the __________(地平线)
9. At the conference, they discussed （各种） important problems about the environmental pollution.
10. What she said quite (区别) from what we had tried to find out, so I think she lied to us.
11.These kinds of birds usually live on the mounts with high (高度), for there are few hunters for them.
12. In the Olympics, Chinese athletes made surprising achievements and won many medals in (体操).
四、运用所给词组turn up, have difficulty doing, fail to do, back out, as well as, in order to, too…to…, be worth doing，表达以下短文：
我第一次参加英语演讲比赛时紧张得不知说什么。我无法集中思想，准备放弃。但是，老师的笑脸和观众的热烈掌声鼓励了我。我先整理思路，然后深呼吸以便保持冷静。虽然我没有得到名次，但我被授予一个特别勇气奖。这让我一时难以相信。这一天难道不值得庆祝吗？
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
定语从句(Ⅲ)
1．A war is so cruel that it always causes great losses，________has happened in Iraq.
A．what B．as C．that D．one
解析：选B。as为关系代词，引导定语从句，指代前面的整个句子。故选B。
2．He is confident，________，in my opinion，is most important in society.
A．how B．that C．what D．which
解析：选D。考查定语从句。此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代指主句的内容，在从句中充当主语。句中的in my opinion是插入语。
3．They’ve won their last three matches，________I find a bit surprising actually.
A．that B．when C．what D．which
解析：选D。考查定语从句。句意：他们已经赢得了最后三场比赛，我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。先行词是前面整个句子，which引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中作find的宾语。
4．She brought with her three friends，none of________I had ever met before.
A．them B．who C．whom D．these
解析：选C。句意：她带了三个朋友过来，没有一个是我曾经见过的。此题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是her three friends，代入定语从句后为：I had ever met none of her three friends.而介词后指人时用关系代词whom。
It is not an idea________the community can unite.On the contrary，I see it as one
that will divide us.
A．that B．which C．around that D．around which
解析：选D。考查定语从句。从结构上看idea是先行词，语境说“这不是一个凝聚人心的思想”，即：它不能把人们团结在它的周围。因此选around which。
Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem __________
none of us worked out.
A．that B．as C．so that D．which
解析：选B。不能选用that，如果看作so...that...句型则that无实际意义，不能在从句中作worked out的宾语。as引导定语从句则可在从句中作worked out的宾语。
The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more
people to keep it running，__________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A．who B．that C．as D．which
解析：选D。此处是非限制性定语从句，不能用that；as“正像，正如”不符合题意，故选择D项。
We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people，most of __________ are
healthy.
A．that B．which ．what D．whom
解析：选D。考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为so many people，故应选whom(指人)；that也可以指人，但不用在非限制性定语从句中，也不能用在介词后面。
9．He wrote a lot of novels，none of________was translated into a foreign language.
A．them B．what C．that D．which
解析：选D。考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这是一个非限制性定语从句，因此要用which。
English online.com is a free site________visitors can not just learn the English
language but also chat online.
A．where B．which C．that D．what
解析：选A。该题考查定语从句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词site，同时在定语从句中作状语。
阅读理解
A
A newly discovered ancient Chinese map may prove that it was a Chinese navigator（航海家）who first discovered America. He may have made the discovery seventy years before Columbus discovered the New World.
The map, which has gone on display in Beijing, is said to be a copy made in 1763 of a much older map dating back to 1418. It clearly describes Africa, Europe and the Americas. If it's proven to be believable, the map would provide strong evidence to suggest that the famous Ming Dynasty sailor, Zheng He, beat Christopher Columbus, who arrived in America in 1492, to the discovery of the New World.
Liu Gang, a Chinese lawyer and map collector, bought the map in an antique（古董的）store in Shanghai in 2001 for about 500 U. S. dollars. Liu Gang thinks the map supports the thesis of British author, Gavin Menzies, who in his 2003 book argued Zheng He was the first person to circumnavigate（环航）the globe and discover America sometime between 1421 and 1423. “In principle, the British author Gavin is right. Before Columbus, Zheng He discovered America and the whole world. But in detail, not exactly... three years difference. I don't think that's a big deal. ” Liu said.
Zheng He commanded a group of ships, which sailed between 1405 and 1433 at the order of the emperor during China's Ming Dynasty. His aim was to spread the glory of China to the world and establish trade.
1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that________.
A. the writer was proud of a ancient map
B. both the Chinese navigator and Columbus were heroes
C. the ancient map made by a Chinese navigator was just found
D. the Chinese navigator may be the first man who discovered America
2. Which of the following correctly describes the ancient map?
A. The ancient map on display in Beijing is said to be made in 1418.
B. The ancient map, which is said to be made in 1763, is on display in Beijing.
C. The ancient map was bought by Liu Gang, a Chinese navigator in 2001.
D. The ancient map was introduced to be listed in Gavin' book by Liu Gang to support his idea.
3. What does the British author in his book try to argue in the passage?
A. The first person who discovered America may be Zheng He.
B. The first person to circumnavigate the globe is not worth discussing.
C. The year when Zheng He discovered America may be between 1421 and 1423.
D. The year when Christopher Columbus discovered America was ahead of 1423.
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Ancient Map and Liu Gang.
B. Zheng He, Liu Gang and British Author.
C. Zheng He Spreads the Glory of China to the World.
D. Ancient Map Suggests Chinese Discovered America.
参考答案：
1. D。A、B项不是第一段可以得出的判断；C项事实错误；第一句已明确告诉D项正确。
2. B。根据第二段第一句可以判断：现在在北京的展品是1763年复制古时（1418年）的仿制品。
3. A。根据第三段中…Zheng He was the first person to circumnavigate（环航）the globe and discover America sometime between 1421 and 1423. 可判断。
4. D。根据全文可以判断。A、C项是细节，不可作为标题；B项太过笼统，不够明确。
B
Thousands of people living in the Chinese eapital will celebrate the start of the Chinese New Year by heading for the ski resorts(滑雪场). Never mind that Beijing’s dry weather seldom produces now. It is cold enough in winter for snow-making machines to make a covering for the hills north to the capital. And the rapid growth of a pleasure-seeking middle class has formed the basis for this New craze(热潮).
Since Beijing’s first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed an astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can’t really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe.
Beijing’s sking craze is partly a result of the recent increase in private(私有的)cars. This has led to the growth of a leisure industryin the capital’s suburbs(郊区). which until the late-1990s were unreachable to ordinary people. According to Mr.Wei,About 40％ of the visitors to his resort some in their own cars. The rest are bused in by schools, businesses or government offices.
The problem is making money. Starting ski resorturequires quite a lot of money:hiring land from the local government,preparing the hills,buying snow machines,making sure there are enough water and electricity to run them,and buying ski equipment for hiring out to customers. The ski resort where Mr. Wei works cost nearly $4m to set up. And,as so often in China when someone comes up with a good idea,many others rush in and price wars break out. Beijing now offers some of the cheapest ski training classes in the world,though with most people rather new to the sport, expecting a few more doing the same job.
1. What does this text mainly talk about?
A．Convenience for skiers brought about by private cars
B．Skiing as a new way of enjoying one’s spare time
C．Things to be considered when starting a ski resort
D．A sudden increase of ski training classes in Beijing
2. Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Burope?
A．To visit more ski areas B．To ski on natrual snow
C．For a large collection of ski suits D．For better services and equipment
3. The underlined words”leisure industry”in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．transport to ski resorts B．production of familycars
C．business of providing spare time enjoyments
D．part-time work for people living in the suburbs
4. What is the main problem in running a ski resort?
A．Difficulty in hiring land B．Lack of business experience
C．……ski resorts. D．Shortage of water and electricity
1. 答案：B 考点：：考查主旨大意
解析：注意选项的四个提示性的中心词 A. Convenience B. Skiing C. Things to
be considered D. A suddent increase of 确定文章核心主旨是关于skiing故选择B
2 答案：C 考点：：通过细节信息，理解意图和态度
解析：文中提到 “But many are in faraway areas of the country and can’t really
match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe. ” 其中match正 是对比之意。说明在设备和服务反面，远远无法与欧洲的滑雪胜地相媲美
3. 答案：C 考点：：词义推测
解析：承接上文 “the rapid growth of a pleasure-seeking middle class…”;下文 “the sport has enjoyed an astonishing increase”可知。第50题的选项B “…a new way of enjoying one’s spare time”中也暗示了这是一个提供娱乐的行业
4 答案：C 考点：：根据细节信息，做出简单判断和推理。
解析：文中 “And,as so often in China when someone comes up with a good idea,many others rush in and price wars break out”作了提示。中国的跟风现象，导致价格大战
C
Coolest Hotels in the World
Ariau Amazon Towers
The Ariau Amazon Towers hotel lets you sleep in a tree house. Eight towers make up this hotel that offers over 300 rooms. If you really want to get into the spirit, book the Tarzan suit which is large enough for a big family. You’ll be thirty feet up in the air and can travel between the towers through their wooden walkways.
Prices, starting at $300 one night for each person for a regular room and going all the way up to$3000 for the Tarzan Suite.
For more information, visit the website:http://www. ariautowers. com
The Ice Hotel
Every winter in Jukkasjarvi, Sweden kind of hotel called the Ice Hotel is built. Each year,world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice, many of which can be found in the rooms. You’ll have your choice between hot or cold romms,but you will be well advised to stay at least one night in a cold room for a true experience.
Prices: starting at $318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one.
For more information, visit the website:http://www. icehotel. com
Propeller Island
Propeller Island City Lodge is a very special hotel that was designed by a German tist. Each room provides you with the promibility of living in a work of art. Every single piece of furmiture in the thirty rooms of the hotel has been hand-made and each room is completely different. You’ll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes.
Prices:starting at just $91 a night,and an additional person for only 20 extra dollars.
For more information , visit the website:http://www. propeller island. com
For information about other cool hotels in the world ,visit the website:
http://www. bahamabeachclub. com
1. What is special about the Ariau Amazon Towers hotel?
A．You can sleep in the houses B．You can choose any of the towers
C．It is designed for big families D．Every room has a walkway
2. For two persons spending a night in one of these hotels,they have to pay at least
A．$111 B．$182 C．$600 D．$636
3. Which website should you visit if you want to find out whether there exists a
hotel the sea?
A．http://www. icehotel. com B．http://www. ariautowers. com
C．http://www . propeller-island. com D．http://www. bahamabeachclub. com
4. Which hotel would invite artists to come to work every year?
A．Propeller Island City Lodge B．Ariau Amazon Towers
C．The Ice Hotel D．Bahama Beach Club
1. 答案：A 考点：：理解文中具体信息
解析：从 “The Ariau Amazon Towers hotel lets you sleep in a tree house. ”可以得出答案
2. 答案：A 考点：：理解文中具体信息
解析：价钱最少的是 “starting at just $91 a night,and an additional person for only 20 extra dollars. ”作出了提示
3. 答案：D 考点：：理解文中具体信息
解析：文章最后一节有提示
4. 答案：C 考点：：理解文中具体信息
解析：在 “The Ice Hotel” 中 “Each year,world-famous artists are invited to design and produce works of art from the ice…”的提示
D
What”s your dream vacation? Watching wildlife in Kenya? Boating down the Amazon? Sunbathing in Malaysia? New chances are opening up all the time to explore the world. So we visit travel agents, compare packages and prices, and pay our money.
We know what our vacation costs us. But do we know what it mightcost someone else? It”s true that many poorer countries now depend on tourism for foreign income. Unfortunately, though, tourism often harms the local people more than it helps them.
It might cost their homes and lands. In Myanmar, 5,200 people were forced to leave their homes among the pagodas (佛塔) in Bagan so that tourists could visit the pagodas. Tourism might also cost the local people their livelihood and dignity. Local workers often find only menial (卑微的) jobs in the tourist industry. And most of the pro f its do not help the loc a l eco nomy. Inst ead, pro fits return to the tour operators in wealthier countries. When the Maasai people in Tanzania were driven from their lands, some moved to city slums. Others now make a little money selling souvenirs or posing for photos.
Problems like these were observed more than 20 years ago. But now
some non-government organizations, tour operators and local governments are working together to begin correcting them. Tourists, too, are putting on the pressure.
The result is responsible tourism, or "ethical tourism." Ethical
tou r is m has pe o pl e a t its hea r t. New i nte r na tion a l ag re emen t s and cod es of conduct can help protect the people”s lands, homes, economies and cultures. The beginnings are small, though, and the problems are complex.
But take heart. The good news is that everyone, including us, can
play a part to help the local people in the places we visit. Tour operators and companies can help by making sure that local people work in good conditions and earn reasonable wages.
They can make it a point to use only locally owned hotels, restaurants and guide services. They can share profits fairly to help the local economy. And t hey can i nvolve the loc a l pe o p le in pl a nning and ma n a g i n g tou r ism.
What can tourists do? First, we can ask tour companies to provide
information about the conditions of local citizens. We can then make our
choices and tell them why. And while we”re abroad, we can:
★ Buy local foods and products, not imported ones.
★ Pay a fair price for goods and services and not bargain for the cheapest price.
★Avoid flaunting wealth.
★Ask before taking photographs of people.
They are not just part of the landscape!
Let”s enjoy our vacation and make sure others do, too.
1. What is probably the best title for the article?
A. Tourism Causes Bad Effects B. Tourism Calls for Good Behavior
C. V a c a t i o n s B r i n g a Lo t of Fun D. Va ca ti ons Co s t Mo r e Than You Think
2. Which of the following is not mentioned?
A. Local people were well paid to leave their lands.
B. Tourists may stay in hotels opened by local people.
C. Local people are mainly provided with low-paying work.
D. T o u r i s t s co u l d ba r g a i n wi t h loc a l peo pl e for a re a s ona ble p r ice.
3. The underlined phrase "take heart" means“__________”.
A. pay attention B. take care C. cheer up D. calm down
4. According to the passage, the writer thinks __________.
A. tourism is not a promising industry
B. dream vacations should be spent abroad
C. the problems caused by tourism are easy to settle
D. tourists should respect local customs and culture
D A C D
E
Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure(冒险活动)—those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky(冒险的) activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.
I would consider bungee jumping(蹦极跳) to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot-air balloon) 200 metres above the ground with an elastic(有弹性的) rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometres an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say are as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs(悬崖).
Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people’s lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured(治愈),and life was a continuous battle for survival(生存).
Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and
work in comparatively(相对的) safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungee jumping.
41. The best title for the text is .
A. Dangerous Sports: What and Why B. The Boredom of Modern Life
C. Bungee Jumping: It is really Dangerous D. The Need for Excitement
42. More and more people today .
A. are trying activities such as bungee jumping
B. are climbing the highest mountains
C. are coming close to death in sports
D. are looking for adventures such as traveling into unknown parts of the world
43. In bungee jumping, you .
A. jump as high as you can
B. slide down a rope to the ground
C. attach(系) yourself to a rope and fall to the ground
D. fall towards the ground without a rope
44. People probably take part in dangerous sports nowadays because______. .
A. they have a lot of free time B. they can go to hospital if they are injured
C. their life is short of excitement D. they no longer need to hunt for food
45. The writer of the text has a _______attitude (态度) towards dangerous sports.
A. positive B. negative C. neutral D. Nervous
41.A 全文列举了一些常见的有刺激性的活动,而后又解释了人们为什么会寻求刺激。
42.A 根据文章第一段和第二段的第一句话可知。
43.C 文章第二段详细讲述了蹦极跳的全过程。
44.C 文章第三、四段介绍了原因。
45.C 文章只是列举了一些刺激的活动，以及人们寻求刺激的原因，作者并未表明自己是
赞同还是反对。
课件33张PPT。M3 Unit8 Adventure Lesson4 说课
昌平一中英语组 蔡青
2014-4-8 Unit 8 Lesson 4
Journey to the AntarcticPeriod 1Common sense Quiz1. In which polar season should you go?2. Which equipment should you take?summer√√√√√√√√3. What difficulties will you face?
4. What will you see there?
√√√√√√√√√sledge
hopeless
cheerful
distant
carry on
within
without hope
happy
inside
equipment used for
moving on snow
far away
continue
n.adj.adj.adj.phr.v.prep.Use the Reading Strategies to work out the meaning of the words from the text.Self-studyanxiously
break down
shocked
ambition
exhausted
run out of
stop functioning
extremely surprised
worriedly
extremely tired
have nothing left/use up
sth.you want to achieveadv.phr. v.adj.n.adj.phr. v.Use the Reading Strategies to work out the meaning of the words from the text.Self-studyAs early as 3,000 years ago, many explorers went further south in search of the mysterious land--- the unknown land on the South Pole. When it came to the beginning of the 1820s, more explorers joined the expedition and discovered the continent on the South Pole, which is actually a narrow island on the north of the present-day Antarctica. By the beginning of the twentieth century, more and more explorers had rushed to the amazing land, among whom there were two explorers who gave us quite a deep impression.BackgroundRoald Amundsen
Captain ScottLook at the pictures on P28 & the title .Prediction!The Race to the PoleA competition to see who is the fastestRead the passage and check your prediction. 1st Reading
check the predictionTask2 Work out the structure of the passage and summarize its main idea. The passage totally has ____ paragraphs with 62 lines. It consists of ____ parts. Part 1 is from Para_____ to Para_____, introducing us their ______________; Part 2 is from Para _____to Para ___, telling us their__________; Part 3 is from Para____ to Para ____ describing their ______； Part 4 is ________, regarding that Captain Scott and his men as ______104 1 2preparation34reaching5 9returnPara 10heroes were in preparation
forthe race to the Pole return
journey exploration was regarded as
extraordinary courageTask1:Sequencing: put the events into the correct order.
A. Captain Oats had great difficulty walking and then died.
B. On his way, Scott received a message from Amundsen.
C. Scott wrote a letter to his wife telling her their story.
D. Two sledges of Scott’s team broke down.
E. Amundsen left a Norwegian flag and then returned.
F. Scott and his team were out of food.
G. Captain Scott’s courage moved the whole world.BDEFACG2nd Reading: read for detailed information. RacePreparationPreparationDuring the journeyDuring the journey The resultThe resultThe return journeyScott’s teamAmundsen’s team2nd Reading: read for detailed information. Amundsen’s TeamSent a letterfood basesspringteams of dogs pulling the sledges were on skisrapidthe Pole on 14 Decemberput a Norwegian flag there2nd Reading: read for detailed information. Scott’s TeamReceived a letterfood basesspringScott lefthis two sledges broke downthe horses had difficulties with snow and coldthe Pole on 17 Januarywere exhausted and were running out of food left London to begin the journeypushed the sledges themselveswere terrible20 kilos of rocks Edgar had a terrible disease and diedOates had difficulty in walking and diedThe terrible storm startedScott died2nd Reading 3rd Reading read for understanding. Read Scott’s team again and analyze his feelings.anxiousshockedsadhopelessbravesadpityDo you still think Scott’s team losers ?Racewinner loserPreparationPreparationDuring the journeyDuring the journey The result:
First to arriveThe resultThe return journeyScott’s teamAmundsen’s teamHe had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.Why do we call them heroes?They devote to the exploreLong for the AntarcticInsist on although failedOvercome the difficultiesDevote to the science ?(Option 1) : Retell the process of the journey.
According to the story, only two people on Scott’s team survived the expedition. Now they are to write a biography telling the world what they experienced and how they felt during the exploration. Suppose you are one of them. Tell us your biography. Try to use some of the new words or phrases in the text. SpeakingReference questions: 1. When did your team led by Captain Scott start the journey to the Antarctic ?
2. What happened to your sledges and horses on the way to the Antarctic?
3. What trouble did you experience on the way to the destination?
4. Why did you feel shocked when your team finally arrived in the Antarctic?
5. How did you feel when your companions lost their lives?
6. When you came back from the expedition, how did the people in your country and even the whole world think of you and your team?
Optional question:
7. What do you want to say to those who love exploring the world?( Option 2) : Analyze who is the winner
Analyze who is the winner of the race to the Antarctic based on the following table and represent your reasons why you think he was the winner.SpeakingRead the text and take down useful expressions.
Write down the reason who is the winner.Read Scott’s diary and understand his feelings.“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing---- and goodbye to most of our dreams.”
How did Scott feel while writing the diary?Scott was sad.
Yes, they lost their ambition.? “…we are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”
Were they really cheerful? Why?butNo, they were not cheerful.
They realized their hopeless situation.Read Scott’s diary and understand his feelings.? “ He said, ‘I’m just going outside and I may be some time.’ we knew that poor Oates was walking to his death… we knew that it was the act of the brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far. ”
How do you understand “English gentlemen”?“English gentlemen” have the quality of bravery.Read Scott’s diary and understand his feelings.?“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you could have for the boy… but what a price to pay.”
What can we feel from the sentences in the diary?He wrote a letter full of sadness.
Read Scott’s diary and understand his feelings.?“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can’t be far. It seems a pity, but I don’t think I can write more.”
What can we feel from the sentences in the diary?He thought it was a pity.
Read Scott’s diary and understand his feelings.?① Why did Amundsen succeed?Amundsen succeeded because he made rapid progress and because he had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and his men were on skis. ?② Why did Scott’s team fail?Scott failed because he and his men had to push the sledges themselves when the motor sledges broke down and the horses had difficulties with the snow and the cold.
Scott’s team collected rocks ,which proved the Antarctic had once been covered by plants on their return journey.
谢谢倾听课件7张PPT。高三英语复习
模块三
第八单元高三英语备课组 杨杰 2013.09.17复 习 内 容Vocabulary：Travel and holiday activities
Extreme sports
Grammar: Relative clauses
Defining and non-defining clauses
Reading: Related to the topic
复 习 思 路 1词汇：
1、形式多样，提高复现率。
2、在课文语境中回顾和记忆，在
新语境中运用。
3、在相同话题下落实和检验。复 习 思 路 2语法：
1、下发文字语法资料的同时把问
题下发，让学生带着问题复习。
2、进行小测试，从中发现问题。
3、坚持分层。基础差的学生只要
求学会最基础的部分。复 习 思 路 3阅读和写作：
1、紧扣话题。回归基础，
2、坚持分层。基础差的学生只要
求做A和B篇，写出单句。结束语教无定法，学无止境。
要让学生学会学习是我们教师的基本职责；
能让不同程度的学生在老师的指导下，学有所获，是学生的幸事。
为了这两个目标，我们要根据学情和教学内容，不断地调整，不断地进取；在基础知识的落实上狠下功夫。祝中秋节快乐！
