高中英语北师大版必修三Unit9 Wheels课件+导学案+素材（15份）

M3 Unit9 Lesson 3 阅读导学案
Class： Group： No._____ Name: 组内评价： 教师评价：
【learning aims】：
1. To know about solar cars by reading.
2. To use some words and phrases learned in the passage to talk about solar cars .
【自主学习· 词汇】
Task I. Match the words or phrases:
have a good impression of up till the present
so far dependable
take place article
reliable section
essay think well of
chapter happen
Task II. Choose the correct words and complete the sentences with correct forms.
(chapter, impression, essay, appreciate, operator, reliable)
1.Things that are ___________ can be trusted to work well
2. A/An ________ is one of the parts that a book is divided into. Each chapter has a number, and sometimes a title.
3. If you ___________ something, you like it because you recognize its good qualities.
4. I asked my students to write a / an __________ about their hometown.
5. What were your first ___________ of college?.
6. A/An ___________ is a person who connects telephone calls at a telephone exchange.
【合作探究·能力提升】
Task I: What is the text mainly about?
It is an/ a _____________ about _____________________________.
Task II: Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks about solar cars .
definition
They are cars that ________ _________ __________ ___________ for power.
speeds
They have reached speeds of nearly _______ k.p.h..
One car has averaged over ________ k.p.h. in cloudy weather.
advantages
They are ___________ and ______________; no ______________
disadvantages
They are too __________ and not very _______________.
TaskIII. 2. Read the passage again and do Exercise 3 on Page 40.
Task IV. Summary:
Marie Logan has been interested in cars since __________. When she was at university, she started ________ her cars. She’s designed five or six different cars _______ _______, and she has been ______ part in races for about four years. She has won two of the six races for about four years and the one she likes best _____ place across the whole of Australia from northwest to southeast.
Marie Logan has been designing _____ racing cars for a long time. Solar cars are cars that use the sun’s _______ for power. They’re clean and _____. Marie Logan has also been writing a book about solar cars. She has only finished the first few _______ of the book. She wants people to have a good _________ of solar cars.
Solar cars are getting better and better all the time. They will be ______ among people all over the world.
Task V: Role play Ex. 4 on page 40
Task VI .Further discussion:
1. Please tell us other advantages and disadvantages of solar cars.
2. Do you think solar cars will be popular? Why?
【时态练习】
1 . ----We’ve spent too much money recently.
----Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives _______around all the time
A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming
2. Up to now, the program ________ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved
3. We ___________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked
4. ---- Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
---- No , I ______ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do
5. —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I _____the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting
Homework: Recite the new words.
第一步：
课前预习词汇，为课上阅读做准备。
第二步：
第一遍快速阅读，把握文章主要内容。
第三步： 第二遍细节阅读，理解文章细节信息。
第三步：学生总结回顾本节课内容，进一步巩固已学知识。
第四步：通过采访内化已学知识及词汇，小组合作讨论，开阔思维。
课件27张PPT。 Unit 9 Lesson 1
On Your BikeReturn of the White Bikes!Guess from the title RETURN of the white bikes! returning a borrowed white bike
reappearing of the white bikes
getting white bikes back from thieves 750,000 ＞ 600,000Amsterdam - City of Bicycles＞ 80%populationbicyclesMinister of Social Affairs, riding to office“City of Bicycles” —Amsterdamcapital of
The NetherlandsHollanddam大坝What helps Amsterdam to become a city of bicycles? Flat
Plenty of places for bicycle parking
A bicycle path in most streetsA white bike planWhite bikes
__________Did the plan work?
Problems:Return:
“White” bikes
__________Who came up with the first idea of the white bikes?
What were their purposes?
What were the rules for use?What are the changes about the bikes and the rules for use? Why?What benefit have people enjoyed from the return of the “white” bikes?thieveschanges Less traffic in central Amsterdam
no cars on city centre streetsin the1960s30 years laterProblem SolutionReturn of the White Bikes!Guess from the title RETURN of the white bikes! returning a borrowed white bike
reappearing of the white bikes
getting white bikes back from thievesRead Para2 and find out the answersWhen was the plan carried out?
Who offers the idea?
Why to make the plan?
How to carry it out?
Did this plan succeed? If it failed, what’s the problem?
The White Bike Plan To save energy To reduce pollution To provide free public transportA group of cycling fanspaintedplacedallowedleavefinishedThieves took the bicycles away.in the 1960sThe White Bike Plan (in the 1960s) failed.
Did the plan continue?
How to solve the problem?
Did it work?The White Bike Plan A computer chip records its move.
insert a card when you want to use it
design it unusually with bright colors
be parked at special parking places
less traffic in central Amsterdam.
no cars on city centre streetsRead Para3-4 and find out the answersmore than 30 years later Which is the main difference of the “white bikes” nowadays?Thanks to the good ideas of many people,…, people have been enjoying city center streets without cars for many years.a. feeling thankful b. because ofWhat does the title “ Return of the White Bikes” mean?
A. The white bikes stolen before were sent back 30 years later
B. The white bikes plan is mentioned(提出) again after 30 years.
C. The white bikes appear again in the town
D. The white bikes plan is carried out again 30 years later.Further Reading : 1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. The Effect of Bicycles in Amsterdam
B. The Traffic Change in Amsterdam
C. The White Bikes in Amsterdam
3. What’s the main difference of the “White Bikes” nowadays?
A. It’s an unusual design with bright colors.
B. Its every move is recorded with a computer.
C. You have to insert a special card to take a bike.
D. The bikes are not parked anywhere you want but at a
special parking place.Further Reading : 4. The passage is a / an _______
A. Advertisement B. Report C. Story Summary Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because it is _______ and therefore is _________ for bikes. In the city center, there are ________ of places for bicycle _______ and most streets have a bicycle ________ . Fill in the blanks.flatconvenient plenty pathparkingIn the 1960s, a group of _______fans had an idea of the “white bike ”. They painted bikes white and allowed people to use them. But the _________took all the bikes within weeks.
More than thirty years later, with the help of computer ________, the “white bicycle ”is back in town. To take a bicycle, you need to ________ a special card. In this way, people can enjoy the _______ of cycling in Amsterdam for many years.cyclingthieveschipinsertbenefitsIn order to reduce the traffic stress, you will talk to the governor in your town about the advantages of using bicycles, you can take “The White Bike” for example.Useful Expression:In my opinion, we should…
We can use … instead of …
Use our legs as much as possible.
We had better …
In the future, it will be …
We can … to improve the present situation.Why should we use bicycles more? （advantages)
What can we learn from “The White Bikes” ?
introduce “ The White Bikes” first Voice Your Opinion: Thank you !!Read the passage to get the main idea of each paragraph and that of the whole passage from certain details Amsterdam is a good city for cycling.Flat, convenient facilities for bikesFurther Reading : How the White Bike beganThere is less traffic in the cityThe White Bike is back.The White Bike in Amsterdama group of cycling fans, in order to save energy, reduce pollutionbikes for use controlled by computersBoth local people and travelers use bikes.课件50张PPT。Unit 9 Lesson 2
On the Move Look at the pictures and tell where they are.at the airportin an airplaneHave you ever traveled by airplane? When?
Have you ever been abroad? Where did you go?
How did you like traveling by plane?What did you do before getting on the plane?ID Card
passportvalid identity certificates
有效证件check-inCheck-in:
provide their valid identity certificates（有效证件） and tickets to the check-in counter
complete the check-in 30 minutes before the flight‘s departure（离开）.boarding cardWaiting and boarding:wait for boarding in the waiting room according to the gate number in the boarding cards.check baggagesecurity inspectionSecurity inspection:provide boarding cards,
valid identity certificates
tickets
walk through the metal detector and
baggage shall be X-rayed.baggage, carriage , flight, gate, information desk, passenger, passport control, platform, seat belt, ticketflight, gate, passport control, seat belt, baggage, carriage platform, ticketinformation desk, passenger Put the key words into the correct column in the table.Match the words with their definitions.1. ambassadorj an important person from
another country2. sensitived in touch with people’s feelings3. greya a colour between black and
white4. gentlee soft and kind5. fierceh frightening6. vocabularyc the words that you know7. accentf the way a person talks8. interpreterk a person who explains what
another person is saying in
another language 9. likelyl probably10. scheduleg timetable11. foolishb silly12. responsibilitym duty13. rely oni depend on1. Ladies are usually ________ about their ages.
2. The most ______ cause of the fire was a cigarette.
3. As a student it is your _____________ to finish your homework everyday.
4. My son was a quiet and ________ man who liked sports and enjoyed life.
5. Some people are complaining about the _______ competition in the job market.
6. Most young people still __________their parents after 18 years old.
She speaks with an ________.
Learning the _________ and grammar of a
language is basic.sensitivelikelyresponsibilitygentlefiercerely onaccentvocabulary9. The fog disarranges（扰乱） the airline
__________. Some are late, and some are
cancelled.
10. It is totally ________of me to spend so much time on computer games.
11. In order to make ourselves understood by most foreigners that are present at the meeting, we must have somebody ____________.
12. _______ is the color of ashes or of clouds on a rainy day.
13. An ____________ is an important official who lives in a foreign country and represents his or her own country's interests there.schedulefoolishinterpretersGreyambassador Listening Strategy:When you listen to dialogues, think about where they take place (e.g. on a bus)
Focus on the language the people use (formal or informal).
Think about the mood of the speakers (e.g. polite, angry, happy, nervous).
Listen again and complete the information.12CX6014Guilin14CX 988GuangzhouListen and decide if the following statements are
true (T) or false:
1. Mary is an American Ambassador.
2. Mary is about 45 years old but she looks young for
her age.
3. Mary has a Chinese interpreter whose name is
Hao Qi.
4. Hao Qi would have come to the airport if he had
known Mary’s schedule.
5. Mary feels foolish because she gets on the wrong
plane.
6. Hao Qi fails to make it to the airport because he is
busy.
TFTFFFListen to the dialogues.
Decide where they are taking place and what the people are talking about.Dialogue 1In a plane.
Talking about their seat numbers.Dialogue 2At a train station.
Buying a ticket.Dialogue 3At an airport.
Checking in the luggage.Listen again and complete the Function File.Dialogue 1Excuse meseat14 Aboarding cardMan: ___________, are you sure this is your _______?
Woman: Yes, I am. Number ___________.
Man: But my ______________ has got that number.
Woman: Ask the air hostess about it.Dialogue 2ticketreturntwenty-five poundsWoman: I’d like a ________ to Newcastle, please!
Man: Single or __________?
Woman: Single.
Man: Smoking or non-smoking?
Woman: Non-smoking, please.
Man: That will be _______________________, please.Woman: What __________ does it go from?
Man: Number six, over there.
Woman: and what time does it ____________?
Man: Er, at ___________________.platformarrivehalf past tenDialogue 3baggagepassportflightboarding cardpassport controlgateWoman: Good morning. How much ______ have you got?
Man: Just one case.
Woman: Could I see your _________, please? That’s fine.
Man: The _______ is late, isn’t it?
Woman: Yes, but only 15 minutes. Here is your _______________. Go straight ________________ now and then listen for the __________ numbers.
Man: Thank you.Choose one of the situations below and act it out.You are going on a trip to Europe, you & your
mom are double checking for your flight at the
airport.Useful vocabulary: flight number, flight time, baggage passport, seat number, gate number, boarding card ...)
2. You heard in the announcement that your flight
is late. You go and ask the clerk for specific
information.Language tips: excuse me…
flight is late…


Fill in the blanks with the appropriate phrasal verb
in the column below: Jack _________ at the red light and we stopped
behind him.
2. Hurry up, the plane is to __________ very soon.
3. –Hello, I would like to book a room for two and
we are going to __________ next Monday.
4. You have to ___________ certain procedures if
you want to obtain a visa.
5. Ray jumped onto the train just as it was ready to
_______. pulled uptake offcheck ingo throughpull out无吸烟车厢
单程票
与sb相处融洽
看起来有点像xx
有浓重的口音
极有可能
对……负责
依靠依赖
Non-smoking carriage
single ticket
get on well with sb
look a bit like XX
have a strong accent
Be most likely
take responsibility for sth
Rely on
只有 be likely 前面的主语可以是人，
而 possible 和 probable 不能
他很可能今晚给我打电话（likely）
He's very likely to ring me tonight.
= It's very likely that she'll ring me tonight.
depend on 除“依赖，依靠”的意思外，还有“ 取决于, 由...而定” 的意思。When we will hold the flower show in the park mainly _____ the weather recently.
A. lies on B. puts on
C. relies on D. depends on D1．sensitive adj.能理解的，敏感的；容易生气的；易受伤
害的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)She is always sensitive and caring.
她总是善解人意，有爱心。
(鲜活例句)Do not laugh at him; he is very sensitive.
千万别笑他，他很敏感。①She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.
她很能体谅他人的感情。
②Some students especially making mistakes.
有些学生对出错很在意。aresensitive aboutsense n．　　　　　　 感官；感觉
sensible adj. 可感觉到的，识别力强的；明智的
2．likely adj.可能的；有希望的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)She is the most likely girl to win the prize.
她是最有希望得奖的女孩。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①John is likely to go to the beach tomorrow.
约翰明天可能去海滩。
② the weather will be fine.
天气可能好转。It is likely that(三)明辨易混失误防范比较　likely, possible, probable3．schedule
(教材原句)And Hao Qi has Mary's schedule.
并且郝奇有玛丽的日程表。
(1)n.时间表，进度表；日程安排①The new bridge has been finished two months ahead of schedule.
新桥提前两个月完工。
②The boss demanded that the work (should) be finished
.
老板要求工作要按时完成。on schedule(2)vt. 安排，预定③It's said that the meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon.
据说会议定于周五下午举行。
④President Obama is scheduled a speech tomorrow.
总统奥巴马定于明日发表演说。to make4．responsibility n．负责，责任，职责
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Kelly's promotion means more money and more responsibility.
凯利的提升意味着钱多了，责任也更大了。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点①Would someone take responsibility for bringing Paul home?
有人负责带保罗回家吗？
②It's my responsibility to take good care of my parents and child.
照顾好父母和孩子是我的责任。③Parents must their children's behaviour.
父母必须为他们孩子的行为负责。be responsible for5．content
(1)n.内容；目录；容纳的东西；含量
①He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table.
他把提包里的东西倒在桌子上。
②I like the style of this book but I don't like the content.
我喜欢这本书的文笔，但不喜欢它的内容。(2)adj.满足的，满意的③He got a new job at a hotel and he it.
他在一家旅馆得到一份新工作并且对它很满意。
④He was content nearly all his time lying in bed now.
他现在整天躺在床上，对此他很满意。was content withto spend6．impression n．印象，感觉
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I want people to have a good impression of solar cars.
我想让人们对太阳能汽车有个好印象。
(鲜活例句)First impression is often misleading.
第一印象常常会误导人。
(鲜活例句)I had a very good impression of the Shanghai World Expo.
我对上海世博会印象极好。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①Punishment seemed to make no impression on the child.
惩罚对这孩子似乎没什么效果。
②Everyone was deeply impressed by Wen Jiabao's speech.
温家宝的演讲给大家留下了深刻的印象。7．appreciate vt.感谢，感激；欣赏，鉴赏
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)She'll appreciate it.
她会对此表示感激的。
(鲜活例句)We appreciate your efforts for the development of company.
我们非常感谢你为公司的发展所做的努力。
(鲜活例句)He knows how to appreciate poetry.
他知道如何欣赏诗歌。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①Catherine don't appreciate being treated like a difficult student.
凯瑟林不愿被当作问题生。②I'd you paid in cash.
如果你支付现金的话，我将不胜感激。
[点津]　英语中表示爱憎的动词，如like, hate, appreciate, enjoy等其后面接if或其他疑问词引导的从句时，一般要在这些动词后加it。appreciate it if2. rely on 依赖，依靠；信任
They have to rely on the river for their water.
If Helen says she will complete the job on time you can always rely on her to deliver the goods.
I rely on my brother’s words absolutely.depend on 除“依赖，依靠”的意思外，还有“ 取决于, 由...而定” 的意思。When we will hold the flower show in the park mainly _____ the weather recently.
A. lies on B. puts on
C. relies on D. depends on DListen to three sentences and choose the correct meaning: a, b or c 1. Eric wants to go to Tianjin by train.
a) Not Sarah. b) Not Beijing. c) Not by bus.
2. I’d like a single ticket for a morning train in a non-smoking carriage.
a) Not a return ticket. b) Not an afternoon train.
c) Not in a smoking carriage.
3. A man told me to go to gate number two at three o’clock. a) Not a woman
b) Not to gate four. c) Not half past two.Pronunciation Vocabulary: Phrasal VerbsMatch the two parts of the sentences.As I am on to the platform
The plane took off
I’ve already checked in
He was going through passport control
She pulled up suddenly when he realised he didn’t have his passport.
my luggage.
the train was just pulling out.
at the traffic lights.
five minutes ago.M3 Unit 9 Lesson 2 On the Move 听说导学案
Class： Group： No._____ Name: 组内评价： 教师评价： 【Learning aims】
1． Learn some key words frequently used in travel situations
2．Focus on situations to prepare for listening comprehension
3．Identify situations in which a dialogue takes place
4． Listen for specific information in announcements
Lesson 2 On the Move— Listening and speaking
【课前预习】
Task I: Do exercise2-3 on Page 38.
Task II: 根据exercise3中的所给的词或短语填空。
1. Ladies are usually ____________________ about their ages.
2. The most __________________ cause of the fire was a cigarette.
3. As a student it is your _________________________ to finish your homework everyday.
4. My son was a quiet and ____________________ man who liked sports and enjoyed life.
5. Some people are complaining about the ___________________ competition in the job market.
6. Most young people still ______________________their parents after 18 years old.
She speaks with a (n) ____________________.
Learning the _____________________ and grammar of a language is basic.
The fog disarranges（扰乱） the airline _____________. Some are late, and some are cancelled.
It is totally ____________________of me to spend so much time on computer games.
In order to make ourselves understood by most foreigners that are present at the meeting, we must have somebody ________________________.
___________________ is the color of ashes or of clouds on a rainy day.
A (n) ________________________ is an important official who lives in a foreign country and represents his or her own country's interests there.
【能力提升,合作学习】
1. Listen and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false:
1) Mary is an American Ambassador.
2) Mary is about 45 years old but she looks young for her age.
3) Mary has a Chinese interpreter whose name is Hao Qi.
4) Hao Qi would have come to the airport if he had known Mary’s schedule.
5) Mary feels foolish because she gets on the wrong plane.
6) Hao Qi fails to make it to the airport because he is busy.
2. Listen again and complete Ex5 on P38.
3. Listen to the dialogues. Finish the table.
Where is the dialouge taking place?
What are the speakers talking about?
Dialouge 1
Dialouge 2
Dialouge 3
4. Listen again and complete the Function File（Ex7） on P39.
5. Choose one of the situations below and act it out.
1). You are going on a trip to Europe, you & your mom are double checking for your flight at the airport.
Useful vocabulary: flight number, flight time, baggage passport, seat number, gate number, boarding card ...
2). You heard in the announcement that your flight is late. You go and ask the clerk for specific information.
Language tips: excuse me… flight is late…
【加油站---课后巩固空间】
选择词组用正确形式填空
take off; go through; pull up; pull out; check in
1）Jack _________ at the red light and we stopped behind him.
2）Hurry up, the plane is to __________ very soon.
3） Hello, I would like to book a room for two and we are going to __________ next Monday.
4）You have to ___________ certain procedures if you want to obtain a visa.
5） Ray jumped onto the train just as it was ready to_______.
2. 词组互译
无吸烟车厢__________________________ 单程票______________________________
与sb相处融洽_______________________ 看起来有点像xx______________________
有浓重的口音________________________ 极有可能____________________________
对……负责 _________________________ 依靠依赖____________________________
词语运用。
他很可能今晚给我打电话（likely）
2）When we will hold the flower show in the park mainly _____ the weather recently.
A. lies on B. puts on C. relies on D. depends on
我的困惑：
第一步：
预习单词
方法导引：提前预习相关词语
通过练习，扫除词句障碍
第二步：
听取信息
方法导引：
提前读题并预测答案。
第三步：
提炼信息
方法导引：在听力中学生要进行有重点的听取信息，并得出答案
第四步：能力提升
方法导引：运用所学内容，输出语言，学以致用
在新的语句或语境中运用刚刚学过的词汇和句型。
课件20张PPT。Unit 9 Lesson 3Clean MachinesSolar Car Racing
Period 1Warm upDo you know the names of
the following famous cars?Voice your opinionWhere do they get their power from?
(What kind of energy do they use? )Different kinds of fuelcoalpetrol (BE)gas (AE)diesel
(柴油)gas
(天然气)the sunlight
(solar energy)the solar carA new energyWhat is a solar car ?Match the words or phrases:up until the present
dependable
article
section
think well of
happen
Pre-readingWords study and practice have a good impression of
so far
take place
reliable
essay
chapterchapter, impression, essay, appreciate, operator, reliable1.Things that are ___________ can be trusted to work well
2. A/An ________ is one of the parts that a book is divided into. Each chapter has a number, and sometimes a title.
3. If you ___________ something, you like it because you recognize its good qualities.reliablechapterappreciateChoose the correct words and complete the sentences with correct forms.4. I asked my students to write a / an __________ about their hometown.
5. What were your first ___________ of college?.
My __________ is that they are totally out of control.
6. A/An ___________ is a person who connects telephone calls at a telephone exchange.chapter, impression, essay appreciate, operator, reliableessayimpressionsoperatorimpressionWhat is the text mainly about?
It is an/a ___________ about ______________interviewsolar car racingFast readinguse the sun’s energy8040pollutioncleansafeslowreliableDetailed readingComplete the following form:Detailed reading2. Read the passage again and do
Exercise 3 on Page 40.Keys:
1. T 2. F 3. F 4.Ｆ　5. T SummaryMarie Logan has been interested in cars since __________. When she was at university, she started ________ her cars. She’s designed five or six different cars so far, and she has been ______ part in races for about four years. She has won two of the six kindergartendesigningtakingSummaryraces for about four years and the one she likes best _____ place across the whole of Australia from northwest to southeast.
These years Marie Logan has been designing _____ racing cars. Solar cars are cars that use the sun’s _______ for power. They’re clean and _____.
tooksolarenergysafeSummary Marie Logan has also been writing a book about solar cars. She has only finished the first few _______ of the book. She wants people to have a good _________ of solar cars.
Solar cars are getting better and better all the time. They will be ______ among people all over the world.
chaptersimpressionpopular Role play ( Ex. 4 on page 40 )Post-reading : Group work Further discussion1. Please tell us other advantages and disadvantages of solar cars.
2. Do you think solar cars will be popular? Why?Eg. It uses … so it is clean, safe…
But it’s slow, expensive…时态练习：
Keys:
1-5 DDBADThank youSee you动词时态和语态在高考中的考查重点：1.对下列十种时态的考查：一般现在时;一般过去时; 一般将来时; 现在进行时; 过去进行时现在完成时; 现在完成进行时; 过去完成时; 将来完成时; 过去将来时2.既考查时态又考查语态；3.考查动词的及物与不及物；4.考查主动形式表示被动意义；5.考查动词词组在被动语态中的介词问题；6.对被动语态习惯句型的考查。
注：以下是近几年高考题中的时态和语态考查题目，其中答案用红色标注的是本单元复习的两种时态的考查。
1. 【2013福建卷】23.The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited B. was invited C. have been invited D. has been invited
2. 【2013福建卷】26.The girl has a great interest in sport and ____ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
A. took B. is taking C. Takes D. has been taking
3. 【2013湖南卷】24．Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.
A．bothers B．had bothered C. would bother D．bothered
4. 【2013湖南卷】26．If nothing ________， the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done
5. 【2013湖南卷】27．—Have you heard about the recent election?—Sure, it ________the only thing on the news for the last three days.
A．would be B．is C．has been D．will be
6.【2013湖南卷】34．—I don't understand why you didn't go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
—I'm so sorry, But I ________ my homework.
A．had done B．was doing C．would do D．am doing
7.【2013江苏卷】21. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8.【2013江苏卷】25. —Could I use your car tomorrow morning?
—Sure. I ______ a report at home.
A. will be writing B. will have writtenC. have writtenD. have been writing
9.【2013江苏卷】27. “Never for a second,” the boy says, “______ that my father would come to my rescue.”
A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have doubted D. did I doubt
10.【2013江苏卷】34. —What about your self-drive trip yesterday?
—Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride.
A. had B. have C. would have D. have had
11.【2013江西卷】35.I ________ to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.
A. come B. Came C. am coming D. was coming
12. 【2013辽宁卷】22. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _____ it for a very long time.
A. has had B. had had C. has D. had
13.【2013辽宁卷】26. At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.
A. they actually broke B. do they actually break
C. did they actually break D. they had actually broken
14.【2013北京卷】23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _______ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made B. was made C. has been madeD. would be made
15.【2013北京卷】25. —Do you think Mom and Dad _____ late?
— No. Swiss Air is usually on time.
A. were B. will be C. would be D. have been
16.【2013北京卷】28. Hurry up! Mark and Carol _____ us.
A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect
17.【2013北京卷】32.—So what is the procedure?
—All the applicants _____ before a final decision is made by the authority.
A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. are being interviewed
18.【2012江西卷】26．--Look! Somebody_____the sofa. --Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D. had cleaned19.【2012湖南卷】33. -- I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can
you play the piano for me?-- Sorry, I ____ the piano for years.A. don't play B. wasn't playing C. haven't played D. hadn't played
20.【2012湖南卷】27. The moment ____ soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. came B. has come C. was coming D. is coming21.【2012湖南卷】25. Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____ the door of faith open before you.A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. are seeing22.【2012湖南卷】22. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now ____ later in life.A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid23.【2012重庆卷】27. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______.We must act immediately before there’s left.A. have run outB. are running outC. have been run outD. are being run out24.【2012重庆卷】22.-kevin,you look worried. Anything wrong? -Well, I____ a test and I’m waiting for the result.A. will takeB. took C. had taken D. take25.【2012辽宁卷】35.? Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I_______ on Friday.A.get paidB. got paid C. have paid D. had been paid26.【2012辽宁卷】33. Jack is a great talker.?? It’s high time that he______something instead of just talking.A.will do B. has done C. do D. did27.【2012辽宁卷】31.I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I??to Shanghai.A.will be flying B.will flyC.have been flying D.have flown28.【2012四川卷】9.—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.A. had answering B. have answered C. would answer D. was answering29.【2012四川卷】11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt30.【2012陕西卷】24.—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?—I’m sorry, but by then I______ to Beijing. How about five?A. fly B. will fly C. will be flying D. am flying31.【2012北京卷】22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ___ cold.A. getsB. has gotC. will getD.is getting32.【2012北京卷】25. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.A. wouldn’tB. didn’tC. hasn’tD. hadn’t33.【2012北京卷】29.—Have you heard about that fire in the market?— Yes, fortunately no one _____.A. hurt B. was hurtC. has hurtD. had been hurt34.【2012北京卷】30. Our friendship _____ quickly over the weeks that followed.A. had developed B. was developingC. would develop D. developed35.【2012全国II】18. The manager ______ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.A. has told B. is telling C. has been telling D. will have told36.【2012全国II】14. ---Did you ask Sophia for help?---I ______ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.A. wouldn’tB. don’tC. didn’tD. won’t37.【2012全国新课程】33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers____?before my eyes.A. swimB. swum C. swamD. had swum38.【2012全国新课程】23. “Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step______”A. has shown B. is showing C. show D. showed
39.【2012山东卷】34. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.A. will leave B. are leaving C. have left D. were leaving40.【2012山东卷】28. After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _______ working on his project.A. had started B. has started C. startedD. starts41.【2012福建卷】24.一 When did the computer crash?一 This morning, while I __the reading materials downloaded from some websites.A. have sorted B. was sorting C. am sorting D. had sorted42.【2012浙江卷】16. — Alvin, are you coming with us?— I'd love to, but something unexpected_______.A. has come up B. was coming up C. had come up D. would come up43.【2012浙江卷】13. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but _____ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.A. had abandonedB. abandoned C. abandon D. will abandon44.【2012江苏卷】34. The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________.A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start45.【2012江苏卷】32. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he________ some European partners.A.would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had met46.【2012安徽卷】35. After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it______.A. was decorated B. had decoratedC. had been decorating D. was being decorated?47.【2012安徽卷】33. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, _______ some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept50.【2012安徽卷】26. In order to find the missing child, villagers____all they can over the past five hours.A. did B. do C.had done D.have been doing51.【2011全国卷,23】Planning so far ahead_____no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made52.【2011全国卷,24】I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he____ polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be53.【2011全国卷,29】When Alice came to, she did not know how long she___there.A.had been lyingB.has been lying C.was lying D. has lain54.【2011全国卷II,9】If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one.A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered55.【2011北京卷,21】Experiments of this kind_____in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been conducted
C. had conducted D. had been conducted56.【2011北京卷,23】Tom_____in the library every night over the last three months.A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working57.【2011北京卷,27】——That must have been a long trip.——Yeah, it_____us a whole week to get there.A. takes B. has taken C. took D. was taking58.【2011北京卷,32】——Bob has gone to California.——Oh, can you tell me when he______?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would leave59.【2011天津卷,3】In the last few years thousands of films?_______all over the world.A.have produced B. have been produced??
C. are producing D. are being produced60.【2011天津卷,4】On her next birthday, Ann______married for twenty years.A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been61.【2011上海春招,29】I’m sure you will do better in the test because you?????? so hard this year.A. studied B. had studied C. will study D. have been studying62.【2011上海春招,32】A lot of people often forget that oral exams_____to test our communicative ability.A. design B. are designed C. are designing D. are being designed63.【2011山东卷,31】When I got on the bus, I?_____I had left my wallet at home.A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize64.【2011山东卷,35】She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child____everything!A. had been eating??? B. had eaten?? C. have eaten??? D. have been eating65.【2011江苏卷,21】——I hear you_____in a pub. What’s it like? ——Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.A.are working B.will workC.were working D.will be working66.【2011江苏卷,23】——Tommy is planning to buy a car.——I know. By next month, he____enough for a used one.A.saves B .saved C.will save D. will have saved67.【2011福建卷,32】Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they____from China.A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received68.【2011安徽卷, 32】——I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ______on my desk?——I put it there just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed69.【2011浙江卷,15】The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant_____in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given70.【2011四川卷,9】All visitors to this village_______ with kindness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated71.【2011四川卷,19】——What a mistake!——Yes. I_____his doing it another way, but without success.A.was suggesting B.will suggest C.would suggest D.had suggested72.【2011重庆卷,21】That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who___the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing73.【2011重庆卷,31】Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He ____to have been praised by the manager just now.A.seemed B.seems C.had seemed D.is seeming74.【2011陕西卷,12】His first novel___ good reviews since it came out last month.A.receives B.is receiving C.will receive D.has received75.【2011湖南卷,22】——John, what____in your hand??——Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A had you held B. are you holding C do you hold D will you hold76.【2011湖南卷,27】In 1492, Columbus_____on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.A. lands B. landed C. has landed D.had landed77.【2011湖南卷,30】It is the most instructive lecture that I?____since I came to this school.A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended78.【2011湖南卷,34】In the near future, more advances in the robot technology_____by scientists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made79.【2011辽宁卷,28】I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I_____ .A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing80.【2011辽宁卷,34】By the time Jack returned home from England, his son______from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated81.【2011江西卷30】We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody_____into the office during the night.A.broke B. had broken C.has broken D.was breaking82.【10全国Ⅰ】—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?—No, I ______ my homework all day yesterday.A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do83.【10全国Ⅰ】When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive84.【10全国Ⅰ】The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made85.【10全国Ⅱ】Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who ______ evening dress.A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn86.【10全国Ⅱ】Linda make sure the tables ________before the guests arriveA. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting87.【10全国Ⅱ】Excuse me I________I was blocking your way.A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing88.【2012天津卷】The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three later. A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put
Unit 9 Wheels
一、词汇复习（课本回顾）
On Your Bike (1)
用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。
benefit convenient flat provide save reduce cycling thief chip insert
Amsterdam is called the "City of Bicycles" because it is _______ and therefore is _________ for bikes. In the 1960s, a group of ________fans had an idea of the "white bike ". They painted bikes white and allowed people to use them. They were hopeful that this would help people to ________energy, ________pollution and _________free public transport. But the_______took all the bikes within weeks.
More than thirty years later, with the help of computer _______, the “white bicycle” is back in town. To take a bicycle, you need to ________ a special card. In this way, people can enjoy the _______ of cycling in Amsterdam for many years.
On the Move (2)
根据括号中汉语或首字母提示填空。
The American ambassador Mary is a _________ （敏感的）woman she is very friendly and _____________ with people （与…相处的好）. She has ______ （温柔的）eyes but she can also be f_______（暴躁的）. She can speak a little Chinese although her v__________ （词汇量）is not very big and she has strong American a_______（口音）. So she always travels around China with her i__________（翻译）Hao Qi. That day Mary arrived at the airport, but Hao Qi didn’t yet. Since Hao Qi had Mary’s s________（计划表），Mary even didn’t know her own ________（航班）. Suddenly she felt foolish. She had the wrong day. She’d better take more __________（责任感）for her own life. She realized that she r___________（依靠）Hao Qi too much.
Clean Machines (3)
用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。
so far chapter reliable fuel persuade sb. of sth./doing sth. take part in impression average kindergarten design
Marie Logan has been interested in solar cars since _________. When she was at university she started _________ her car. He has designed 5 or 6 different cars _______. In the past 4 years, he has ___________6 races. Now he is writing a book about solar cars and he has already finished the first few ________. The reason why he plans to write the book is that he wants people to have a good __________of solar cars. Because a lot of people think that solar cars are too slow or not ________. And he really likes to ________________ the advantages of solar cars. Solar cars are cars that use the sun’s every for power. That means they use petrol, gas or any other _______, just the sunlight. The speed of solar cars has ________ over 40 k.p.h.
Car Culture (4)
用方框中所给词汇的正确形式填空。
stressed out carry on go up be related to….make excuses admit
be addicted to… on average occupy pick up be /get stuck in
In the last ten years, the number of cars on the roads in Britain has __________ by 30%. It is a common phenomenon(情况) that we often ___________ in traffic jams and when we arrive at school or school ___________, tired and angry. Twenty-five thousand deaths per year are caused by air pollution. It is said that some types of cancer ____________ traffic pollution. We know that cars are bad for us. But we still ___________ using our cars so much. We’ve got to _________our children by car, drive to go shopping and travel. We always ____________ such as “the buses are terrible”, “the trains are always late”. We have to ________ that we _____________ cars. But how to give up cars? Jenney advised us to use public transport as well as our legs. ____________, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number ________ thirty-three cars.
二、词汇梳理
话题词汇：
wheel n. & vi. 车轮；转动
pull in vp.（车辆）进站
pull up vp. （车辆）停止，停车
pull out vp.（火车）驶离车站，出站
ferry n. 渡船
minibus n.小巴
cyclist n. 骑自行车的人
motorist n. 驾车旅行的人
pedestrian n. 行人
traffic jam n. 交通堵塞，塞车
parking place n. 停车场
chip n. 集成电路片，芯片
insert vt. 插入，嵌入
be fed up with vp. 不愉快，厌烦
consequence n.后果
arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留
baggage n. 行李
platform n. 站台，月台
belt n. 带子，安全带
case n. 大箱子
suitcase n. 手提箱，皮箱
petrol n. （英）汽油
gas n. 气体，煤气，汽油
solar car n. 太阳能汽车
racer n. 赛车手
sunlight n. 阳光，日光
carbon monoxide n. 二氧化碳
schedule n.& vt. 时间表；列入计划
timetable n. 时间表
responsibility n. 责任，职责
highway n. 公路
construction n. 建筑，建筑物
pavement n. 人行道
crossroads n. 十字路口
crossing n. 交叉路口，人行横道
motor n. & adj. 马达；机动车辆的
engine n. 引擎
go up vp. 上升
per adj. 每，每一
centigrade n. 摄氏度
tunnel n.隧道
fare n. 票价
reliable adj. 值得信赖的，可靠的
flat adj. 平坦的
convenient adj. 方便的，便利的
convenience n. 便利
shopping n. 购物
amount
physical adj. 身体的，物质的
be addicted to vp. 对…上瘾，沉溺…
on average 平均而言
occupy vt. 占据
damage vt.& n. 损坏，损毁
destruction n. 破坏
非话题词汇
actually adj. 事实上
benefit n. 好处，益处
therefore adv. 因此，所以
hopeful adj. 充满希望的
neighborhood n. 街坊，临近小区
wherever conj. 无论在何处
thief n. 贼，小偷
indeed adv. 当然，确实
bone n. 骨头
work out vp. 锻炼身体，做运动
argue vi. 争辩，争吵
ambassador n. 大使
sensitive adj. 敏感的，善解人意的
grey adj. 灰色的，灰白的
gentle adj. 和善的，温和的
fierce adj. 凶狠的，凶恶的
vocabulary n. 词汇
interpreter n. 译员，口译者
foolish adj. 愚蠢的
rely on vp. 依赖，依靠
air hostess n. 空中小姐
non-smoking adj. 禁止吸烟的
kindergarten n. 幼儿园
so far 迄今为止
take place vp. 发生，举行
northwest n. 西北，西北方
southeast n. 东南，东南方
chapter n. 章节
impression n. 印象
golf n. 高尔夫球
operator n. 操作员，接线人员
appreciate vt. 感谢，欣赏
essay n. 散文
figure n. 数字，数目
admit vt. 承认，供认
somehow adv. 以某种方式
whichever pron. 无论哪个
suit vt. 适合
plus prep. 加
frequent adj. 时常发生的，频繁的
三、操练巩固（词组互译）
A: 英译汉
1. in the 1960s__________________2. save energy_______________________
3. reduce pollution______________ 4. provide free public transport___________
5. paint it white ________________ 6. park bicycles_______________________
7. thanks to____________________ 8. enjoy the benefits of_________________
9. rely on______________________ 10. get on well with_____________________
11. be worried about_____________ 12. take the responsibility________________
13. so far___________________ 14. have a good impression of____________
B: 汉译英
15. 达到速度_____________ 16. 说服某人某事_______________________
17. 与…有关_____________ 18. 紧张的，有压力的___________________
19. 数量上升_____________ 20. 继续做某事_________________________
21. 对…上瘾_____________ 22. 降低…的风险_______________________
23. 平均情况下___________ 24. 四分之一的广告_____________________
25. 采取行动_____________ 26. 最高车速，限速_____________________
27. 捡起；接人___________ 28. 名胜古迹___________________________
四、词汇运用（一）：根据首字母、单词或汉语提示填空。
1. Every year, the Dragon Boat Race _______（举行） in the river which runs across the city.
2. On a_______, over 70% of the local people have received high school education.
3. My theory is b_____ on the result of the experiments and a series of investigations, so it is very convincing.
4. They have worked ______ all these problems on their own.
5. You must r______ on your own strength to solve the problem.
6. From 8 o’clock to the sunset, I work over 9 hours every day this month, s______ out both ph_______ and mentally.
7. Air pollution is getting worse and worse ________ (到目前为止).
8. I get stuck in piles of paperwork and had no time to have lunch.
9. With no winds, smoke g_____ up in a straight line.
10. I don’t know why I was so f_____ up this morning. Maybe it was because of the weather.
11. ________ ______（compare to）the real costs of the building, money is nothing.
12. I ______(承认): I am addicted to computer games.
13. They believe that it would be better for everybody if an airport _________ in the city. (be allowed )
14. ________（多亏了）your creative plan, the project finally comes to a perfect end.
15. Large a________ of money have been spent on this project.
16. Solar cars have __________ （达到）speeds of nearly 80 k.p.h.
17. Over the years, these retired people have been _______ _______ ________ （享受…的好处）of pension from the government.
18. The manager c_______ on talking about his own ideas in spite of any other different voices.
19. We are likely to make e_______ when we are late for an appointment instead of giving the real reasons.
20. How many races have you taken ______ ______ up to now?
词汇运用（二）：用所给词或词组的适当形式填空。
destruction be addicted to be /get stuck in stress sb. out occupy
be related to persuade someone. of sth. on average take place appreciate
1. The heart attack could ____________ his car crash last year.
2. The boat ___________ the mud and it is hard to get it move..
3. The floods brought death and ________ to the area.
4. I tried to give up smoking several times before I realized I ____________ it.
5. Three big companies __________ the whole office building.
6. Studying for exams always _____________.
7. Economic changes _____________ in a few major cities of China.
8. If you really want to ____________ your own stand, please provide some convincing evidence.
9. I will always ________ Peter because it was him that stood by me during the most difficult time.
10. John is so busy that he _____________ has a four-hour sleep every day.
词汇运用（三）：完形填空。
Living in an area without hills and mountains has many advantages. One __1__ of such a __2___ area is that it is very easy to get around. __3___ you want to go, it is much more__4___ for you to walk or ___5___ around than to drive a car. This means you will never get __6___ in a traffic __7___.
Once, I wanted to go to the outdoor swimming pool near my house. When I got there, I saw a man next to a drinks machine. He did not seem able to __8___ how to use it. I thought I should go and show him how to __9___ the money. However, as I was walking towards him, I saw that he was actually trying to __10__from the machine. He was a __11___! I was going to argue with him, to tell him to stop, but then I decided to telephone the police. They could come and __12__ him. He did not hear them coming as they did not drive. They used their bicycles__13__. This is another __14__of flat areas: the police can get around very quickly_15__ using cars!
1. A. result B. cause C. benefit D. reason
2. A. flat B. oval C. steep D. equal
3. A. whenever B. whichever C. wherever D. where
4. A. convenience B. convenient C. portable D. slow
5. A. take B. circle C. go D. cycle
6. A. struck B. trouble C. stopped D. stuck
7. A. trouble B. jam C. transportation D. problem
8. A. handle B. deal with C. work out D. make up
9. A. insert B. put up C. give D. send
10. A. rob B. steal C. take D. break
11. A. criminal B. thief C. helper D. hero
12. A. punish B. use C. kill D. arrest
13. A. instead B. as well C. yet D. from time to time
14. A. reason B. point C. cause D. consequence
15. A. by B. with C. on D. without
五. 翻译句子
1. 演出开始后不准进入会场。（admit…to）
2. 由于Peter 的帮助，小毛通过了期末考试。（thanks to）
3. 与那时大部分的妇女相比，她是幸运的。（compared with…）
4. 我们现在买不起钢琴。（afford）
5. 如果你在词汇学习中有困惑就查一下字典。（get stuck）
6. 我等他都等得不耐烦了。（be fed up）
7. 我在这儿坐了一下午了。（sit）
8. 傍晚打电话给你方便吗？ （be convenient to）
9. 现在许多学生沉迷于上网。（be addicted to）
10. 在我们地区，房价每平方米上升了1000元。（go up）
六. 根据本单元所学词汇写作。
进入新世纪，人们的生活得到了极大的改善。在过去的几年里，我们国家私家车的数量一直在迅速增长。众所周知，汽车给人们提供更多便利。我们可以尽可能快地去我们任何想去的地方。除此之外，汽车数量的增长也促进了汽车工业的迅速发展。但是另一方面，太多的汽车已经造成很多严重的问题，比如车祸，空气污染等。我们能做些什么来解决现在的情况呢？一个可能的解决方式是设计和开发环保汽车和燃料。另一个解决问题的方法是限制私家车的使用。路上的车越少，产生的废弃物越少。总的来说，每一件事都有两面性。我们所能做的就是尽量地控制车的使用。
答案：
一、词汇复习（课本回顾）
On Your Bike (1)
flat convenient cycling save reduce provide thieves chips insert benefits
On the Move (2)
Sensitive gets on well gentle fierce vocabulary
Accent interpreter schedule flight responsibility relied on
Clean Machines (3)
Kindergarten designing so far taken part in chapters impression reliable persuade them of fuels averaged
Car Culture (4)
Gone up get stuck stressed out are related to carry on pick up
Make excuses admit are addicted to On average occupy
三、操练巩固（词组互译）
1. 20世纪60年代
2. 节省能源
3. 降低污染
4. 提供免费公共交通工具
5. 涂成白色
6. 停自行车
7. 多亏了
8. 享受…的好处
9. 依靠
10. 与…相处得好
11. 担心…
12. 承担…的责任
13. 到目前为止
14. 对…有好印象
15. reach the speed of
16. persuade sb. of sth./doing sth.
17. be related to
18. stressed out
19. go up
20. carry on doing sth.
21. be addicted to
22. cut the risk of
23 on average
24. a quarter of advertisements
25. take action
26. speed limit
27. pick up
28. places of interest
四、词汇运用（一）：根据首字母、单词或汉语提示填空。
1. be related to 2. has got stuck in 3. destruction
4. had been addicted to 5. have occupied 6. stresses me out
7. have taken place 8. persuade people of 9. appreciate
10. on average 11. Compared to 12. admit
13. is allowed 14. Thanks to 15. amounts
16. reached 17. enjoying the benefits 18. carried 19. excuses 20. part in
词汇运用（二）：用所给词或词组的适当形式填空。
1. Every year, the Dragon Boat Race takes place in the river which runs across the city.
2. On average, over 70% of the local people have received high school education.
3. My theory is based on, the result of the experiments and a series of investigations.
4. They have worked out all these problems by themselves.
5. You must rely on your own strength to solve the problem.
6. From 8 o’clock to the sunset, I work over 9 hours every day this month, stressed out both physically and mentally.
7. Air pollution is getting worse and worse so far.
8. I get stuck in piles of paperwork and had no time to have lunch.
9. With no winds, smoke goes up in a straight line.
10. I don’t know why I was so fed up this morning. Maybe it was because of the weather.
词汇运用（三）：完形填空。
1-5: CACBD 6-10 DBCAB 11-15 BDADD
五. 翻译句子
1. No one will be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started.
2. Thanks to Peter’s help, Xiaomao passed the final exam.
3. Compared with most of the women at that time, she was lucky.
4. We can’t afford to buy a piano at present.
5. Use a dictionary if you get stuck in vocabulary learning.
6. I was fed up with waiting for him.
7. I’ve been sitting here all the afternoon.
8. Will it be convenient to call you in the evening?
9. Now many students are addicted to the Net.
10. In our area the house price has gone up by 1000 yuan per square meter.
六. 根据本单元所学词汇写作。
Coming into the new century, people’s life is changing greatly. In the past few years, the number of private cars has been increasing rapidly in our country. As we know, cars provide convenience for us. We can go to any place more quickly. Besides, the increase if the number of cars can help car industry develop faster. But too many cars have caused a lot of serious problems, such as traffic accidents, air pollution in big cities.
What we can do to deal with the present situation? One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and fuels. Another solution is to restrict the use of private cars. If there are fewer cars in the street, there will be less waste gases.
Unit 9 语法复习
——现在完成时和现在完成进行时
【现在完成时态】
一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于跟现在有关系。
二．句型：
否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.
简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
三．用法
1.“已完成”用法: 表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。
1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet等不确定的时间状语连用。
Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了）?
I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了）
2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。
I have lost my pen. 我把笔弄丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在还没找到这支笔）
She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）
2.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示），常与for（+段时间）、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
①for+时段（for a long time，for a month）
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来，如since 1991/yesterday）
③since+时段+ago（since 2 days ago）
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
⑥其它常见：today，this week（month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，，so far，up to now，till（until） now等。
He has lived here for 30 years.?他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿）?
They've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来）
How long have you studied English？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）
3. 经验性用法: 表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。常与频度副词如often, always, every week, twice等连用。
I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。
He has always said so.他总是这么说.
四．现在完成时的时间状语
1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响，用以下时间状语表示这种含义。
用副词already、yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
用ever和never. 多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未”等。
如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。?
用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如so far, just，before, up to now, the past few years等。
如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.?我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止，他已经到了北京。
用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now, today, this morning(month, year, term)等。
如：-Have you met him today?-No, I haven't. 今天你见过他吗？我没有。
表示动作发生的次数的时间状语
如：He has been there three times the last few days.?近几天他去过那里三次了。?
How many times have you been there this year??今年你去过那里多少次？
2. 短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表示一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词，常与for+时段、since+过去一个时间点（过去从句）的时间状语连用。
现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换。
瞬间动词的变化
buy----have borrow -----keep/have become -----be
catch a cold -----have a cold put on -----wear
用“be+形容词”代替短暂性动词
marry-----be married fall(get) ill-----be ill
die-----be dead fall(get) asleep-----be asleep
wake/wake up-----be awake lose-----be missing/gone/lost
open-----be open close-----be close
finish( end )→be over go out----be out
用“be+副词”代替短暂性动词
start/begin-----be on get up→ be up
return/come back/go back→be back leave/move →be away
come/arrive/reach/get here(there)-----be here/there
come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in
用“be+介词短语”代替短暂性动词
go to/come to-----be in/at +地点 join the army-----be in the army
move to-----be in/at +地点
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。
We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
五.几点注意事项
1. have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：
have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；可与once ,never, several times等连用。
have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，
如：They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。
2. 不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：I haven’t left here since 1997. 自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。
（错）I have received his letter for a month.
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
反馈练习（一）
一、填空
1. Have you ever ______(take) a train?
2 It _________(be ) more than three years since Jim ______(leave) here.
3. Have you _____(make) friends with your new classmates yet?
4. I _______(have) my lunch and I'm not hungry now.
5. Jim has never seen a panda, _____he?
6. We ______(be) good friends since we met at school.
7. We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps he______(go) home.
8. He _____(read) the book before.
9. Mr. Green _____(teach) us a lot about social studies since September.
10. I _____never____ (meet) her sister before.
11. He ____________(work) in our school for five year.
12 He ______(come) to our school last year/in 2008.
13. They _______________(cook) the supper already.
14. They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.
二、句型转换
1. He has never cooked, ______ _______?（改成反意疑问句）
2. The old man _________ last year. He ______ _______ ________ for a year. (die) （动词填空）
3. This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ______ _______ ________ for twenty years.
4. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour .
5. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
6. The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.
7. The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. （把两个句子合并成一个）
________________________________________________________________三、单项选择
1. Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
2. He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
A. already B. never C. ever D. still
3.Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago
4. The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year
A. is writing B. was writing C. wrote D. has written
5.—Our country ______ a lot so far.
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
A. has changed; well B. changed; good
C. has changed; better D. changed; better
6. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
A. was; studying B. will; study
C. has; studied D. are; studying
7. We ______ Xiao Liu since she was a little girl .
A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew
8. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see
9. —These farmers have been to the United States.
—Really? When _____ there?
A. will they go B. did they go
C. do they go D. have they gone
10.—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago .
A. Did; do; finished B. Have ; done ; finished
C. Have; done; have finished D. will ; do ; finish
11. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in
12.—Do you know him well?
— Sure. We _________ friends since ten years ago .
A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made
13.—How long have you ____ here?
—About two months.
A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived
14. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes.
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
15. It _____ ten years since he left the army.
A. is B. has C. will D. was
16. Miss Green isn't in the office. She______ to the library .
A. has gone B. went C. will go D. has been
17. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to
C. have gone to D. have been
18. The students have cleaned the classroom, ?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19. _has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20. His uncle for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
【现在完成进行时】
1. 定义: 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，正在进行尚未完成的动作。
2. 现在完成进行时的构成: 现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成
3. 现在完成进行时的基本句型
肯定式 I/We have been working.
疑问式 Have you been working？
简略回答 Yes，I/we have. No，I/we haven't.
肯定式 He/She/It has been working.
疑问式 Has he/she/it been working？
简略回答 Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn't.
4. 现在完成时的用法
在强调动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。
I've read this book.我已读完这本书了。
2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感彩。
She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。
3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。
We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。
5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：
We've been living here for ten years.
We've lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。
2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：
The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。
The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。
3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：
They've known each other since 1970. 自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。
They have been knowing each other for 10 years. （错）
反馈练习（二）:
1. — I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He _______ for it for months.A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing 2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked 6. —I have got a headache. —No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider 9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet? —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have; shown B. Do; show C. Had; shown D. Did; show 10. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale. —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted
反馈练习（一）答案：
一、1. taken 2. has been, left 3. made 4. have had 5. hasn’t
6. have been 7. has gone 8. has read 9. has taught 10. have met
11. has worked 12. came 13. have cooked
二、句型转换
1. hasn’t he 2. died, has been dead 3. has been open 4. has been away 5. joined, ago 6. It has been, since 7. The bus has been here for ten minutes.
1-5 BBCDC 6-10 CCBBB 11-15 DBACA 16-20 AADCC
反馈练习（二）答案：1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABA C
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷）完形填空
I went to a group activity,“Sensitivity Sunday”which was to make us more 36 the problem faced by disabled people, We were asked to “ 37 a disability” for several hours one Sunday. Some members, 38, chose the wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩) .
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience. I had never considered before how 40 it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42 . Then I wondered where to put my 43. It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours. For disabled people,“adopting a wheelchair”is not a temporary (临时的) 46
I tried to find a 47position and thought it might be restful, 48 kind of nice, to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I 50 I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I 51the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52of the wheelchair is not going to be a(n) 53 task,
My wheelchair experiment was soon 54. It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 ,both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.
36. A. curious about B. interested in C. aware of D. careful with
37. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze
38. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me
39. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing
40. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting
41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight
42. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped
43. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles
44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect
45.A.operation B.communication C. transportation D. production
46. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment
47. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable
48. A. yet B. just C. still D. even
49. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided
50. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted
51. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized
52. A. path B. position C. direction D. way
53. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra
54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished
55. A. weaknesses B. challenges C. anxieties D. illnesses
阅读:
Today it can be said that wheels run America. The four rubber tyres of the motorcar move America through work and play. Wheels spin and people drive off to their jobs. Tyres run, and people shop for the week’s food at the bi supermarkets. Each year more wheels crowd the highways as 10 million cars come out the factories. One out of six Americans work at assembling cars, driving trucks, building roads, or pumping gas. It is difficult to imagine what life will be like in America without cars.
But more people have begun to realize that the motorcar is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing and large cities are suffering from traffic jam. Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by car engines. Some of the gases given off by cars are poisonous dangerous to health, especially for someone with a weak heart. Although they have realized the exact problems, they are so used to travelling by car and it’s not easy for them to give up their cars all at once. So people began to think about designing new car engines or developing new clean energy. But all is not enough. Further work is needed.
1. The best title for the passage is ________.
A. America with Cars B. Wheels Run America
C. Cars, a Mixed Blessing D. Main Cause of Air Pollution
2. What means of transportation is more popular in America according to the passage?
A. Cars B. Planes C. Trains D. Bicycles
3. The expression “a mixed blessing” means _________.
A. something that brings comfort and happiness
B. something that only brings discomfort
C. something that people can’t hear
D. something that brings both comfort and discomfort
4. Cars are very important to Americans because _________.
A. they go to work by car
B. they go shopping by car
C. they enjoy driving cars
D. about one sixth of the Americans go in for the work related to cars
5. According to the passage, what is the most terrible thing that cars bring to American people?
A. Traffic accidents B. Traffic jams
C. Air pollution D. Noise Pollution
2010年北京市春季普通高中毕业会考英语试卷阅读B篇
How often do you use your car? Can you use your car less often? Do you know the following facts in the UK?
About 50% of all car journeys are just for fun.
Over 80% people go to work by car.
25% car journeys are under two miles.
70% car journeys are under five miles.
WALKING & CYCLING
Instead of using the car for short journeys, why not walk or ride a bicycle? Walking is a most popular form of exercise—it’s healthy and it can save you money. If you work nearby, try walking or cycling instead of driving. Walking your children to school gives them valuable road experience.
BUSES
Bus companies are using new buses: some run on new fuels which produce less pollution; some have easier access for disabled and old people. There are special traffic lanes (行车道)to make bus journeys easier and more reliable. So do something to help solve the pollution problem—let the bus take you to work and your children to school.
TRALNS
All car journeys, long or short, can be hard work. For some trips it is wiser to take the train. Leave your car at home and walk, cycle or take a bus to and from the station. Train travel is fast, safe and comfortable. Train tickets are not always expensive; some are quite cheap at discount.
50. How many of car journeys are just for fun in the UK?
A. 25%. B. About 50%.
C. 70%. D. Over 80%.
51. The writer believes that _______________________ can give children valuable road experience.
A. walking to school B. traveling by train
C. taking new fuel buses D. having car journeys for fun
52. What does the writer think of traveling by train?
A. Tiring. B. Comfortable.
C. Exciting. D. Awful.
53. What is the main purpose of this passage?
A. To advise people to use cars less often.
B. To encourage people to travel by train.
C. To teach people how to use the buses.
D. To tell people to obey traffic rules.
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 阅读D篇
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission (输送) system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediateeffects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21th century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
67. What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.
B. Some railroad stops remained underused.
C. Land in the West was hard to manage.
D. Land grants went into private hands.
68. What is the major concern in the development of alternativeenergy according to the last two paragraphs?
A. The transmission of power.
B. The use of money and power.
C. The conservation of solar energy.
D. The selection of an ideal place.
69. What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants?
A. Cautious
B. Approving
C. Doubtful
D. Disapproving
70. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. How the Railways Have Affected the West
B. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
C. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
D. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）阅读A篇
Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.
One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It’s the least I could do. Please. I insist.” Jimmy agreed.
Upon arrival, Jimmy found a long line of applications waiting to be interviewed. Jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt. One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed look on their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. Rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “Do you really need to be interviewed?” Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I look now, how could I possibly pass this interview?” he thought to himself.
Then the interviewer turned the chair and to Jimmy’s surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. It turned out he was the General Manager of the company.
“Sorry I had to keep you waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office. I just know you’d be a trustworthy worker. Congratulations!” Jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of well-deserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.
56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?A. He was out of work B. He was bored with his job C. He wanted a higher position D. He hoped to find a better boss
57. What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?A. A friend’s car had a flat tyre B. a wild man was pushing a carC. a terrible accident happened D. an old man’s car broke down
58. Why did the old man offer Jimmy a ride?A. He was also to be interviewed B. He needed a traveling companionC. He always helped people in need D. He was thankful to Jimmy
59. How did Jimmy feel on hearing the interviewer’s question?A. He was sorry for the other applicantsB. There was no hope for him to get the job C. He regretted helping the old man D. The interviewer was very rude
60. A. What can we learn from Jimmy’s experience？A. Where there is a will, there’s a wayB. A friend in need is a friend indeedC. Good is rewarded with good. D. Two heads are better than one
2013年全国高考英语试题(江苏卷)阅读B篇
We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in line: hiring line standers, buying tickets from scalpers (票贩子), or purchasing line-cutting privileges directly from, say, an airline or amusement park. Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service).
Markets and queues—paying and waiting—are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served,” havean egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore privilege, power, and deep pockets.
The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops. But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions. If I put my house up for sale, I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along, simply because it’s the first. Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities, properly governed by different standards.
Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank:“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the moralsof the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.
But don’t take the recorded message too seriously. Today, some people’s calls are answeredfaster than others. Call center technology enables companies to “score” incoming calls and to givefaster service to those that come from rich places. You might call this telephonic queue jumping.
Of course, markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things. Some goods we distribute by merit, others by need, still others by chance. However, the tendency of markets to replace queues, and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore. It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks, in call centers, doctors’ offices, and national parks—are recent developments, scarcely imaginable three decades ago. The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern, but these are not the only places that markets have entered.
58. According to the author, which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come,first served”?
A. Taking buses. B. Buying houses.
C. Flying with an airline. D. Visiting amusement parks.
59. The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates _____.
A. the necessity of patience in queuing
B. the advantage of modern technology
C. the uncertainty of allocation principle
D. the fairness of telephonic services
60. The passage is meant to _____.
A. justify paying for faster services
B. discuss the morals of allocating things
C. analyze the reason for standing in line
D. criticize the behavior of queue jumping
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)阅读A篇
Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost ￡169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost ￡118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.
STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was ￡95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was ￡75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just ￡62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, available for ￡420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around ￡1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or ￡5 per day). (358 words)
56. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __.
A. help travelers pass time
B. attract lots of travelers to the UK
C. allow travelers to make flexible plans
D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
57. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.
A. a hotel away from the train station B. the tube line to Covent Garden
C. an ideal holiday destination D. the name of a travel agency
58. The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat __________.
A. lies on the ground floor
B. is located in central London
C. provides cooking facilities for tourists
D. costs over ￡100 on average per day in late September
59. Cardiff’s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.
A. half an hour B. one hour
C. one hour and a half D. two hours
60. The main purpose of the passage is __________.
A. to tell visitors how to book in advance
B. to supply visitors with hotel information
C. to show visitors the importance of self-help
D. to offer visitors some money-saving tips
课件12张PPT。北师大三附中2013.9.17Unit 9
WheelsUnit 9 复习思路一、词汇：借词汇促读写，以读
写巩固词汇
二、语法：系统学习中对比运用
链接高考
三、话题阅读：围绕wheels进行
扩展阅读，链接高考词汇复习一、课文回顾：
原因：语境让词汇复习自然；话题
使词汇集中，便于提取应用
形式：补充课文缩写
（1）用方框中所给词汇的正确形
式填空。
（2）根据括号中汉语或首字母提
示填空。
词汇复习二、词汇梳理
原因：在一定话题词汇输入的基础上
进行话题词汇和非话题词汇梳理，既
是对第一部分课文词汇回顾的补充，
也是扩展复习词汇的依据。
形式：话题词汇和非话题词汇，英汉双解，配有词性
词汇复习三、操练巩固
原因：词汇梳理的基础上，巩固对
词汇意义和形式的理解和记忆
形式：英译汉和汉译英词块，在词
块中复现词汇，深化词汇搭配意识，
铺垫知识运用
词汇复习四、词汇运用
形式：词汇运用（一）：根据首字母、
单词或汉语提示填空。（单句语境）
词汇运用（二）：用所给词或词组的
适当形式填空。（单句语境）
词汇运用（三）：完形填空。话题词
汇复现于相关语篇，综合能力训练。
原因：形式变化维持学生兴趣；
难度提升，促进能力提高
词汇复习五、翻译句子
形式：汉译英，关键词提示
原因：单句输出，难度提升，词汇促写作，写作中巩固词汇运用
词汇复习六、根据本单元所学词汇写作。
形式：控制性写作——段落汉译英
原因：以写作固词汇运用，提高学
生语篇意识；关注行文细节，为非
控制性写作打基础
语法复习一、现在完成时和现在完成进行时
详解及对比
二、两种时态的当堂反馈练习：
补充句子、选择题
三、综合练习：高考链接——近4年时态和语态高考题，所有的答案都在原题标注，红笔标注的答案为本单元所复习的时态题目话题阅读(7篇) 围绕wheels进行高考链接：
内容：既涉及传统意义上的交通(工具)的发展，又涉及人文理解上wheelchair 引发的作者对残疾人生活的感触，帮人修车引起的个人品质对人生意义的思考等。
原因：使学生对话题wheels的认知更具发散性和深刻性。
复习宗旨 1. 清晰的课时目标。
2. 具体的落实措施。
3. 检测学生落实的手段。