(百日捷进提升系列)2014年中考英语备考专题04名词(含解析)

专题04 名词
【考点综述】：
名词可分为专有名词（包括人名，地名和由普通名词构成的专有名词）和普通名词（包括 个体名词，集合名词，物质名词和抽象名词） ，也可分为可数名词与不可数名词。
专有名词指一个人或事物所特有的名词，如具体的人物，地点，机构，国家或地区的名称等，其中实词的第一个字母大写。
普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词也可以分为个体名词，如 man, desk, pen 。集体名词, 如：family, people, police .不可数名词又可以分为物质名词，如，snow, air, water 。抽象名词，如 friendship, knowledge
中考英语名词考点：?
根据近几年全国各地中考试题对名词部分考查的分析可知，今后对名词部分的考查重点为：?
名词的可数与不可数性。?
名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。?名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。?物质名词、抽象名词具体化。?名词词义的区别与固定搭配。
【中考真题再现】：
1. 【2013湖北荆州】—Did your mother do anything special on your birthday?
?? —Yes. She made me a cake in the ______ of a heart.
?? A. height???? ?????????????? B. shape???? ????????????? C. style? ???????????????????? D. number
2. 【2013湖北武汉】He will have to watch his ________ because of his serious stomach problem.
A. style B. diet C. smell D. menu
3. 【2013江苏扬州】If I am wanted in the telephone, ask him to leave a _________.
A. message B. letter C. diary D. sentence
【答案】A
【解析】考词查名辨析。message信息，留言；letter信，字母；diary日志，日记；sentence句子，判决。电话里有人找我，让他六个信息。结合语境可知选Ａ。
4. 【2013山东菏泽】If you want to get more information about English learnimg,please visit our :
www.yyxx.com.
A. company B.store C.office D,website
5. 【2013天津】( Look at my stamps.
( They are beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful_________.
A. instruction B. description C. collection D. expression
【热身练习】：
1.I have some problems with my health. Can you give me some ______?
A. advice B. messages C. suggestion
2.---What do we need to buy?
--- ________.
A. Two kilos of potatoes and two packets of salts
B. Two kilos of potatoes and two packet of salt
C. Two kiloes of potatos and two packets of salt
D. Two kilos of potatoes and two packets of salt
3.Can you tell us how important wildlife ___ is?
A. protect B. protector C. protection D. protected
4.His name is John Brown. You can call him _____.
A. Mr. John B. Mr. Brown C. Mr. John Brow D. Mr.
5.I like to eat some________for dinner. It’s very delicious(美味的).
A. chicken B. apples C. pears D. tomatoes
6.—What are these?
—They’re _______ and _______.
A. sheep; hens B. hens; ship
C. horse; sheep D. sheep; horse
7.—What’s your job, Henry?
—I’m a ________. I work late. I’m very busy when people come for dinner.
A. nurse B. reporter C. waiter D. teacher
【答案】C
8.--- Good morning, Madam. Can I help you?
--- I’d like for cooking vegetables.
A. two cups of tea B. three pieces of bread C. five kilos of oil
9. - Mum's birthday is coming. I want to buy her something. Is there a _______ near here?
- Oh, yes! It's next to the bookshop.
A. gift shop B. gifts shop C. gift shops D. gifts shops
10.—What’s your favorite ________?
—It’s science.
A.color B.subject C.sport D.food
11.Look! There are so many eating grass on the hill. 　　
A. horse B. cow C. rabbit D. sheep
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：看！这有许多羊在山上吃草。分析前面有many后接可数名词复数，选项中只前三项中都是名词单数，第四项sheep是单数与复数同行的名词。故选D
考点：考查名词的用法。
12.When you’ve learnt English, you’ll find it a bridge to so much ______.
A) knowledge B) tradition C) idea D) method
13.– What would you like to drink? -- _____.
A. A glass of water B. Some fish C. Some rice
14.He decided not to tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them
a _______.
A. gift B. note C. call D. surprise
15.We have six _____ .So we can know the time.
A.plants B.watches C.balls D.tapes
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我们有块表，因此我们知道时间。A.plants植物； B.watches 表；C.balls 球；D.tapes磁带。根据第二句know the time可知应该有表，所以才可以说知道时间。故选B。
考点：考查名词的用法。
16.Look at my ______ room . it’s very nice ,They like it very much
A. parent’s B. parents C. parents’ D. parent
17.It’s true that the bad news had a bad ______ on my grandmother.
A. affect B. instance C. taste D. Effect
18.---How many _______do you have？
　　　　　　---Let me see, my father has two brothers.
cousins B. uncles C. sister D. Aunts
19.---What’s wrong with you?
---I have a _______.The doctor asked me not to eat anything today because I ate too much yesterday.
A .toothache B. headache C. sore back D. stomachache
20.In most homes, people cook meals in the _________.
A. living room B. kitchen C. bedroom D. balcony
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：在大部分家庭人们在厨房做饭。A起居室B厨房D卧室D阳台，根据生活常识，故选B。
考点：考查名词词义辨析